Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2024
Global temperatures in 2024 were 2.30 degrees Fahrenheit (1.28 degrees Celsius) above the agency’s 20th-century baseline (1951-1980), which tops the record set in 2023. The new record comes after 15 consecutive months (June 2023 through August 2024) of monthly temperature records — an unprecedented heat streak.
NASA scientists further estimate Earth in 2024 was about 2.65 degrees Fahrenheit (1.47 degrees Celsius) warmer than the mid-19th century average (1850-1900). For more than half of 2024, average temperatures were more than 1.5 degrees Celsius above the baseline, and the annual average, with mathematical uncertainties, may have exceeded the level for the first time.
NASA's full dataset of global surface temperatures as well as full details with code of how NASA scientists conducted the analysis, are publicly available from GISS. GISS is a NASA laboratory managed by the Earth Sciences Division of the agency's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. The laboratory is affiliated with Columbia University's Earth Institute and School of Engineering and Applied Science in New York.
For more information about NASA's Earth science programs, visit: www.nasa.gov/earth
Science On a Sphere Content (Equirectangular projection)

Credits
NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio
Data provided by Robert B. Schmunk (NASA/GSFC GISS)
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Scientists
- Gavin A. Schmidt (NASA/GSFC GISS)
- Robert B Schmunk (SIGMA Space Partners, LLC.)
- Reto A. Ruedy (SIGMA Space Partners, LLC.)
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Public affairs officer
- Peter H. Jacobs (NASA/GSFC)
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Visualizer
- Mark SubbaRao (NASA/GSFC)
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Writers
- Sally Younger (NASA/JPL)
- Jenny Marder Fadoul (Telophase)
Release date
This page was originally published on Friday, January 10, 2025.
This page was last updated on Tuesday, May 6, 2025 at 8:58 AM EDT.
Series
This page can be found in the following series:Datasets used
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GISTEMP [GISS Surface Temperature Analysis (GISTEMP)]
ID: 585The GISS Surface Temperature Analysis version 4 (GISTEMP v4) is an estimate of global surface temperature change. Graphs and tables are updated around the middle of every month using current data files from NOAA GHCN v4 (meteorological stations) and ERSST v5 (ocean areas), combined as described in our publications [Hansen et al. (2010)](https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/ha00510u.html), [Lenssen et al. (2019)](https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/le05800h.html), and [Lenssen et al. (2024)](https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/le07900t.html).
Credit: Lenssen, N., G.A. Schmidt, M. Hendrickson, P. Jacobs, M. Menne, and R. Ruedy, 2024: [A GISTEMPv4 observational uncertainty ensemble](https://pubs.giss.nasa.gov/abs/le07900t.html). J. Geophys. Res. Atmos., 129, no. 17, e2023JD040179, doi:10.1029/2023JD040179.
This dataset can be found at: https://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/
See all pages that use this dataset
Note: While we identify the data sets used on this page, we do not store any further details, nor the data sets themselves on our site.