Pulsars and their Magnetic Field - Vacuum solution

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s squeezes into a ball no wider than Manhattan Island in New York City. This process also revvs up its rotation and strengthens its magnetic and electric fields.This visualization illustrates what the pulsar magnetic field would look like INCLUDING the influence of the charged particles around it (those particles included in other visualizations in this series). The charged particles create currents which alter the magnetic field. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing.

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s computationally intensive because the particle motions affect the fields and the fields affect the particles, and everything is moving near the speed of light.This visualization shows the bulk particle flows, made up of low-energy electrons and positrons which comprise the majority of the particles. Darker blue trails represent slow electrons, darker red trails represent slow positrons. White trails indicate high speed (relativisitic) particles. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles, held fixed by co-rotating with the pulsar. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including including motion of the bulk particles. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. Color bar for electrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor. Color bar for positrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor.

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s computationally intensive because the particle motions affect the fields and the fields affect the particles, and everything is moving near the speed of light.This visualization shows the high-speed electrons moviing around the pulsar. Darker blue trails represent slow electrons. White trails indicate high speed (relativisitic) particles. There are more high-speed electrons outside the current sheet. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. Color bar for electrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor.

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s computationally intensive because the particle motions affect the fields and the fields affect the particles, and everything is moving near the speed of light.This visualization shows the high-speed positrons moviing around the pulsar. Darker red trails represent slow positrons. White trails indicate high speed (relativisitic) particles. The positrons undergo acceleration to relativistic speeds near the edge of the current sheet. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. Color bar for positrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor.

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s computationally intensive because the particle motions affect the fields and the fields affect the particles, and everything is moving near the speed of light.This visualization shows the high-speed electrons and positrons moviing around the pulsar. Darker blue trails represent slow electrons, darker red trails represent slow positrons. White trails indicate high speed (relativisitic) particles. Electrons and positrons can be accelerated near the edge of the current sheet. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the high-energy electrons and positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. Color bar for electrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor. Color bar for positrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor.

Scientists studying what amounts to a computer-simulated “pulsar in a box” are gaining a more detailed understanding of the complex, high-energy environment around spinning neutron stars, also called pulsars. The model traces the paths of charged particles in magnetic and electric fields near the neutron star, revealing behaviors that may help explain how pulsars emit gamma-ray and radio pulses with ultraprecise timing.A pulsar is the crushed core of a massive star that exploded as a supernova. The core is so compressed that more mass than the Sun s computationally intensive because the particle motions affect the fields and the fields affect the particles, and everything is moving near the speed of light.This visualization shows the all the simulation particles, the low speed (bulk) particle flows, and the high energy electrons and positrons, moviing around the pulsar. Darker blue trails represent slow electrons, darker red trails represent slow positrons. White trails indicate high speed (relativisitic) particles. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the the bulk particles and high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles and the high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles and high-energy electrons and positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with some simple reference objects for more general use. This movie presents a basic tour around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles and high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a tour from the inertial frame and spinning up to the co-rotating frame around the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles and high-energy electrons and positrons. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. This movie presents a view of the simulation magnetic field including motion of the bulk particles and high-energy electrons and positrons, from above the rotation axis. This version is generated with no background objects and an alpha channel for custom compositing. Color bar for electrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor. Color bar for positrons representing the particle speed as the relativisitic Lorentz factor.