Science On A Sphere: Air Quality Model Runs

  • Released Monday, May 5, 2025
  • Last updated Wednesday, February 18, 2026 at 9:16 PM EST
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GEOS Air Quality Science On a Sphere Content

This is an interactive 3D model! Swipe with one finger to rotate the model.
This is an interactive 3D model! Click and drag to rotate the model.

NASA uses satellite instruments and computer models to study sources of air pollutants and their movement through the atmosphere. This visualization shows concentrations of air pollutants such as particulate matter (PM2.5, fine particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers), ozone (O3), carbon monoxide (CO), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) as they are tracked by NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) system. This data is used around the world to develop new methods for improving local air quality predictions, to understand the impact of pollution on human health, and to improve the quality of NASA satellite datasets.

Predictions of air pollution are created using complex models that combine information about weather and the emissions, transformation, and transport of chemical species and particles. The Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) system is a research model maintained by NASA’s Global Modeling and Assimilation Office to help scientists understand the causes and impact of air pollution. It is one of the highest resolution and most detailed models of its kind in the world, made possible through ongoing collaborations between NASA and university scientists. GEOS-CF tracks the concentrations of hundreds of gas phase chemical species and dozens of types of particles characterized by their composition and size. It is used by a wide variety of stakeholders around the world to develop new methods for improving local predictions, understanding the impact of pollution on human health, and improving the quality of NASA satellite datasets.

This webpage offers content in Equirectangural projection (2:1 Aspect ratio).

Air Quality Model Runs (Equirectangular Projection)

Visualization showcasing the transport of Carbon Monoxide (CO), Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), Ozone (O3) and Nitrous Oxides (NOx) during July-August 2024, which was an active fire season in Northern America. This visualization is provided in equirectangular projection.

Science On A Sphere Air Quality Layers

Particulate Matter (PM2.5)

Particulate Matter (PM 2.5) content for Science On A Sphere.

No description available.

Colorbar for Particulate Matter (PM 2.5)

Carbon Monoxide (CO)

Carbon Monoxide (CO) content for Science On A Sphere.

No description available.

Colorbar for Carbon Monoxide (CO).

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)

Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) content for Science On A Sphere.

No description available.

Colorbar for Nitrogen Oxides (NOX)

Ozone (O3)

Ozone (O3) content for Science On A Sphere.

No description available.

Colorbar for Ozone (O3).

For More Information

See https://gmao.gsfc.nasa.gov/gmao-products/geos-cf/

Credits

NASA’s Global Modeling and Assimilation Office and NASA's Scientific Visualization Studio.

Related papers

Description of the NASA GEOS composition forecast modeling system GEOS-CF v1.0

Keller, C. A., Knowland, K. E., Duncan, B. N., Liu, J., Anderson, D. C., Das, S., Lucchesi, R. A., Lundgren, E. W., Nicely, J. M., Nielsen, E., Ott, L. E., Saunders, E., Strode, S. A., Wales, P. A., Jacob. D. J., and Pawson, S. (2021). Description of the NASA GEOS composition forecast modeling system GEOS-CF v1.0. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 13, e2020MS002413. 10.1029/2020MS002413.

DOI: 10.1029/2020MS002413

This paper can be found at: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2020MS002413

NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS-CF v1.0: Stratospheric composition

Knowland, K. E., C. A. Keller, P. A. Wales, K. Wargan, L. Coy, M. S. Johnson, J. Liu, R. A. Lucchesi, S. D. Eastham, E. Fleming, Q. Liang, T. Leblanc, N. J. Livesey, K. A. Walker, L. E. Ott, and S. Pawson. (2022). NASA GEOS Composition Forecast Modeling System GEOS-CF v1.0: Stratospheric composition. Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems, 14, e2021MS002852. 10.1029/2021MS002852

DOI: 10.1029/2021MS002852

This paper can be found at: https://agupubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1029/2021MS002852

Datasets used

Note: While we identify the data sets used on this page, we do not store any further details, nor the data sets themselves on our site.

This page was originally published on Monday, May 5, 2025.
This page was last updated on Wednesday, February 18, 2026 at 9:16 PM EST.