What determines when we have an eclipse?

Mira este video en el canal de YouTube en español de la NASA.Créditos de Música: “Perfect Horizon” por Sam Joseph Delves [PRS] de Universal Production Music Nunca es seguro mirar directamente al Sol, incluso si está parcialmente oscurecido. Al observar un eclipse parcial, debes usar gafas de eclipse en todo momento si deseas mirar el Sol, o utilizar un método indirecto alternativo. Esto también se aplica durante un eclipse total hasta el momento en que el Sol está total y completamente bloqueado por la Luna.Durante el breve período de tiempo en que la Luna oscurece por completo al Sol, el llamado período de totalidad, es seguro mirar directamente al astro rey, pero es crucial que sepas cuándo desviar la vista y volver a ponerte los lentes de eclipse.Primero, lo más importante: busca información local sobre el momento en que comenzará y terminará el eclipse total.Segundo: el Sol también proporciona pistas importantes sobre cuándo la totalidad está a punto de comenzar y terminar. Este es un mapa que muestra la trayectoria de la totalidad del eclipse solar total del 14 de diciembre del 2020, que viajará a través de Chile y Argentina.Crédito: Centro de Vuelo Espacial Goddard de la NASA Este es un mapa que muestra la trayectoria de la totalidad del eclipse solar total del 14 de diciembre del 2020, que viajará a través de Chile y Argentina.Crédito: Centro de Vuelo Espacial Goddard de la NASA English MapThis is a map showing the path of totality for the December 14, 2020, total solar eclipse that travels across Chile and Argentina.Credit: NASA s Goddard Space Flight Center

Insolation (the amount of sunlight reaching the ground) is affected dramatically by the Moon s area covered by the Moon, is calculated at 10-second intervals from 16:25:40 to 20:25:30 UTC at a resolution of 360/8192 degrees per pixel (roughly 3.75 ), with white = 100% obscuration and black = 0%. The sharp borders are the terminator (the day-night line). The complete dataset can be downloaded as a single .zip file (196 MB).

A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red) through or very near several major cities. On Monday, August 21, 2017, the Moon will pass in front of the Sun, casting its shadow across all of North America. This will be the first total solar eclipse visible in the contiguous United States in 38 years.The Moon t distributed evenly, but the difference is quite small, about 0.5 kilometers. A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red). This version omits the city and state names and the statistics display. A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red). This version includes images of the Sun showing its appearance in a number of locations, each oriented to the local horizon.

The umbral and penumbral shadow cones travel across the surface of the Earth during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon s shadow falls on the Earth. The shadow comprises two concentric cones called the umbra and the penumbra. Within the smaller, central umbra, the Sun is completely blocked by the Moon, and anyone inside the umbra sees a total eclipse. Within the larger penumbra, the Sun is only partially blocked.In this animation, the umbra and penumbra cones are viewed through a telescopic lens on a virtual camera located far behind the Moon. Long focal lengths like the one used here appear to compress the distance between near and far objects. Despite appearances, the geometry of the scene is correct. The Earth is roughly 112 lunar diameters beyond the Moon, and the angle at the apex of the umbral cone is only about half a degree.From this point of view directly behind the Moon, the edges of the shadow cones look circular. The edge of the penumbra is outlined in yellow. It passes over all of North and Central America and the Amazon basin, as well as Greenland and the North Pole. Everyone there will see at least a partial eclipse. The path of the umbra (the small black dot) crosses the United States from Oregon to South Carolina.

The Moon orbits the Earth in the months prior to the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. Viewed from above, the Moon s shadow barely reaches the Earth as it traces a path across North America. The Moon orbits the Earth in the months prior to the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. This is identical to the first media item on this page, except that the Moon and Earth labels have been omitted.