WEBVTT FILE

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After NASA split Hubble's third 
servicing mission into two parts to  

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allow astronauts to get to Hubble as soon 
as possible to replace failing gyroscopes,

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which are needed to point the telescope accurately...

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Servicing Mission 3A successfully got Hubble 
back up and running until Servicing Mission 3B

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could launch and complete all 
of the planned upgrades to Hubble.  

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But, even in times of ease, the unexpected can make 
an appearance again.

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"Houston, Columbia for EVA."

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"Go ahead Columbia we're listening."

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"Okay, uh, as we put 
on mini-workstations, I'm monitoring John's suit and there's

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a large bit of water down here at the 
bottom of the battery I'm fixing to open up now."

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Something unexpected like a spacesuit failure.

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"Yeah Scooter we're gonna have to get John out of the suit."

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And of course, these things always happen at 
the worst time, too.

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"Hubble is without a heartbeat."

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Servicing missions are what make Hubble, Hubble. For 
over two decades, servicing mission astronauts have  

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been able to take advantage of Hubble's malleable 
design. Being able to upgrade and refurbish parts  

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periodically is how Hubble has been able to stay 
on the bleeding edge of astronomical science.

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And Servicing Mission 3B was no exception to 
that fact.

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"We're providing a major upgrade in terms of science capability.

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We're adding a new 
science instrument, and we're bringing back to life

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the infrared camera, and we're making important 
upgrades in terms of maintenance.

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We're adding new solar arrays, and we're changing out the power control unit."

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"Forty percent of the highest impact

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subjects that Hubble has... highest impact 
results that Hubble has achieved, were totally  

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unexpected before Hubble was launched, and I expect 
that five or seven years from now Hubble will be  

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working on subjects that we can't anticipate today. 
We don't even know how to ask the questions today."

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And with the anticipation of those unknown 
discoveries building, Servicing Mission 3B  

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was scheduled to launch in the spring of 
2002. ready to make its mark on the stars.

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"Four, three, two, one, and liftoff 
of Space Shuttle Columbia to  

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broaden our view of the universe 
through the Hubble Space Telescope."

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"Houston now controlling the flight of Columbia, the  

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pioneer shuttle headed for 
the Hubble Space Telescope..."

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"Houston, we have Hubble on the arm."

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With the Hubble Space Telescope fully 
grappled, it was time to get to work.  

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The servicing mission was going to encompass 
a wide range of upgrades and improvements,  

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so every minute of this 12-day mission was 
meticulously planned in order to

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complete the five scheduled spacewalks.

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First up, replace the old 
solar arrays with the new

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and improved version three of the solar array system.

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These new solar arrays were 
rigid, and didn't roll up like previous designs.

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Being more robust, it made Hubble's power 
intake increase by about 20 to 30 percent.

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"Solar array three has passed its functional test and 
ready to support."

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Next on the list, replacing the Power Control Unit.

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This is Hubble's power 
switching station, responsible for distributing

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all the electricity generated by the arrays, batteries, 
and sending it to the other parts of the telescope.

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And, in order for the Power Control Unit 
to be replaced, it required Hubble to  

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be completely powered down for the 
first time. And one of the cardinal  

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rules in the business of space is, if 
it's working well, don't turn it off.

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During the systematic shutdown process, astronauts  

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John Grunsfeld and Rick Lenahan were 
suiting up to tackle the next spacewalk.

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However, John's spacesuit began to take 
on water from the liquid coolant system.  

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Not the most ideal situation to happen 
right before stepping out into the cold  

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void of space.

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With only a certain amount of 
time to react, since parts of Hubble were already shut down,

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Grunsfeld's crew-mates quickly resized 
another spacesuit in order to get the spacewalker

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out in time before the whole spacewalk had to be 
canceled.

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"And a late but hopefully powerful start!"

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With things back on track, the heart of Hubble, the 
Power Control Unit, was successfully changed out  

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after a meticulous seven hour spacewalk.

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Next 
was to install the Advanced Camera for Surveys.

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This camera would allow Hubble to capture wider 
vistas of the universe at a higher resolution than ever before,

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allowing us to study weather patterns 
on other planets, and understand how the universe evolved.

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And, finally, the astronauts of Servicing 
Mission 3B

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were able to bring one of Hubble's most critical instruments,

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called NICMOS, back 
to life, after it had been dormant for two years.

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They achieved this by installing a 
cryo cooler for its infrared detectors,

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once again unleashing Hubble's power to peer into 
the invisible infrared universe.

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Servicing Mission 3B proved that NASA can take on the unexpected,

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head-on, as a team, accomplishing historical strides in our understanding of the universe around us.

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"And from the crew of STS-109, we wish Hubble well on its new journey

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with its new tools to 
explore the universe. Good luck Mr. Hubble!"