WEBVTT FILE 1 00:00:18.234 --> 00:00:20.620 >> HELLO. 2 00:00:20.620 --> 00:00:23.123 WELCOME TO NASA SCIENCE LIVE. 3 00:00:23.123 --> 00:00:26.426 YOUR CHANCE TO GO BEHIND THE 4 00:00:26.426 --> 00:00:28.328 SCENES AND GET YOUR QUESTIONS 5 00:00:28.328 --> 00:00:29.529 ANSWERED. 6 00:00:29.529 --> 00:00:30.463 I'M YOUR HOST. 7 00:00:30.463 --> 00:00:32.599 TODAY WE ARE HERE AT THE AMERICA 8 00:00:32.599 --> 00:00:35.001 GEOPHYSICAL CONFERENCE, ONE OF 9 00:00:35.001 --> 00:00:36.603 THE LARGEST IN THE WORLD. 10 00:00:36.603 --> 00:00:39.239 PEOPLE ARE PRESENTING PAPERS ON 11 00:00:39.239 --> 00:00:42.575 ALL TYPES OF SUBJECTS. 12 00:00:42.575 --> 00:00:44.711 WE ARE GOING TO LEARN ABOUT 13 00:00:44.711 --> 00:00:47.547 OSIRIS-REx. 14 00:00:47.547 --> 00:00:48.648 WE WANT YOU TO ASK YOUR 15 00:00:48.648 --> 00:00:54.921 QUESTIONS TO OUR NASA EXPERTS. 16 00:00:54.921 --> 00:00:56.623 I'M GOING TO HEAD TO THE NASA 17 00:00:56.623 --> 00:00:59.259 BOOTH TO MEET THOSE EXPERTS. 18 00:00:59.259 --> 00:01:02.729 FIRST, WATCH THIS VIDEO ABOUT 19 00:01:02.729 --> 00:01:03.630 OSIRIS-REx. 20 00:01:03.630 --> 00:01:06.633 >> IN FLORIDA, OSIRIS-REx 21 00:01:06.633 --> 00:01:08.768 BEGAN ITS JOURNEY. 22 00:01:08.768 --> 00:01:12.338 NASA'S MOST AMBITIOUS SAMPLE 23 00:01:12.338 --> 00:01:13.473 COLLECTION ATTEMPT. 24 00:01:13.473 --> 00:01:14.774 AFTER TWO YEARS, INCLUDING A 25 00:01:14.774 --> 00:01:16.676 GRAVITY ASSIST FROM EARTH, THIS 26 00:01:16.676 --> 00:01:18.711 SPACECRAFT ARRIVED AT ITS 27 00:01:18.711 --> 00:01:23.450 DESTINATION, ASTEROID BENNU. 28 00:01:23.450 --> 00:01:26.086 AS IT DREW NEAR, BENNU GREW FROM 29 00:01:26.086 --> 00:01:30.790 A FEW TINY PIXELS TO A RUGGED 30 00:01:30.790 --> 00:01:32.225 WORLD. 31 00:01:32.225 --> 00:01:34.661 THE SPACECRAFT HAS USED ITS 32 00:01:34.661 --> 00:01:38.498 INSTRUMENTATION TO MAP IT ON ALL 33 00:01:38.498 --> 00:01:39.599 SIDES. 34 00:01:39.599 --> 00:01:41.234 THE MISSION TEAM HAS BEEN 35 00:01:41.234 --> 00:01:44.771 ANALYZING THE DATA, SCOURING TO 36 00:01:44.771 --> 00:01:48.508 SELECT THE BEST SAMPLE SITE. 37 00:01:48.508 --> 00:01:49.943 NOW, WITH JUST MONTHS TO GO 38 00:01:49.943 --> 00:01:51.444 BEFORE SAMPLE COLLECTION, THE 39 00:01:51.444 --> 00:01:53.580 TEAM HAS NARROWED ITS TARGET 40 00:01:53.580 --> 00:01:58.218 DOWN TO FOUR POTENTIAL SITES. 41 00:01:58.218 --> 00:02:12.899 >> HELLO AND THANK YOU FOR 42 00:02:12.899 --> 00:02:15.135 JOINING US IN THE BOOTH HERE AT 43 00:02:15.135 --> 00:02:17.737 AGU, THE AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL 44 00:02:17.737 --> 00:02:19.372 UNION FOR THIS SPECIAL EDITION 45 00:02:19.372 --> 00:02:21.407 OF NASA SCIENCE LIVE. 46 00:02:21.407 --> 00:02:22.809 TODAY WE HAVE AN ANNOUNCEMENT 47 00:02:22.809 --> 00:02:25.545 FROM THE OSIRIS-REx MISSION. 48 00:02:25.545 --> 00:02:27.013 OSIRIS-REx IS THE FIRST 49 00:02:27.013 --> 00:02:32.085 MISSION TO RETRIEVE A SAMPLE AND 50 00:02:32.085 --> 00:02:33.586 RETURN TO EARTH. 51 00:02:33.586 --> 00:02:35.321 THE MAKEUP OF BENNU, THE 52 00:02:35.321 --> 00:02:38.758 ASTEROID, COULD BE AS OLD AS THE 53 00:02:38.758 --> 00:02:40.560 SOLAR SYSTEM ITSELF. 54 00:02:40.560 --> 00:02:42.395 DIEING PARTICLES FROM STARS 55 00:02:42.395 --> 00:02:44.731 COULD HAVE FORMED THE PLANETS 56 00:02:44.731 --> 00:02:46.533 AND OUR OWN SUN. 57 00:02:46.533 --> 00:02:47.734 NOW WE'LL GET A SAMPLE AND 58 00:02:47.734 --> 00:02:50.470 RETURN IT TO EARTH. 59 00:02:50.470 --> 00:02:51.571 WE'LL FIND OUT FROM WHERE TODAY. 60 00:02:51.571 --> 00:02:55.041 WE'LL GET UPWARDS OF 30 SUGAR 61 00:02:55.041 --> 00:02:57.143 PACKET SAMPLES WORTH. 62 00:02:57.143 --> 00:02:58.745 I'M PLEASED TO HAVE SOME MISSION 63 00:02:58.745 --> 00:03:00.079 TEAM MEMBERS. 64 00:03:00.079 --> 00:03:02.982 PLEASE LET ME WELCOME DANI 65 00:03:02.982 --> 00:03:10.757 DellaGIUSTINA AND MIKE MOREAU. 66 00:03:10.757 --> 00:03:12.525 THE BIG QUESTION IS WHY, WHY DO 67 00:03:12.525 --> 00:03:14.627 WE WANT TO STUDY BENNU. 68 00:03:14.627 --> 00:03:16.763 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 69 00:03:16.763 --> 00:03:19.098 I'M EXCITED TO TALK ABOUT BENNU 70 00:03:19.098 --> 00:03:20.400 AND THE MISSION AHEAD OF THIS 71 00:03:20.400 --> 00:03:21.601 ANNOUNCEMENT. 72 00:03:21.601 --> 00:03:25.638 BENNU IS A NEAR-EARTH ASTEROID. 73 00:03:25.638 --> 00:03:28.975 ITS ORBIT IS IN CLOSE PROXIMITY 74 00:03:28.975 --> 00:03:31.177 TO OUR OWN PLANET. 75 00:03:31.177 --> 00:03:33.713 IT WAS ACCESSIBLE TO SEND A 76 00:03:33.713 --> 00:03:34.814 SPACECRAFT. 77 00:03:34.814 --> 00:03:36.449 BECAUSE OF IT'S PROXIMITY, IT'S 78 00:03:36.449 --> 00:03:40.687 A POTENTIALLY HAZARDOUS OBJECT. 79 00:03:40.687 --> 00:03:43.122 BY FLYING IN FORMATION WITH 80 00:03:43.122 --> 00:03:45.625 BENNU FOR TWO YEARS, WE'LL GET A 81 00:03:45.625 --> 00:03:48.161 BETTER SENSE OF BENNU'S ORBIT 82 00:03:48.161 --> 00:03:50.496 AND PREDICT WHETHER IT IS A 83 00:03:50.496 --> 00:03:53.633 HAZARD IN THE COMING CENTURIES 84 00:03:53.633 --> 00:03:55.134 AND DECADES. 85 00:03:55.134 --> 00:03:56.469 BENNU IS COMPOSED OF 86 00:03:56.469 --> 00:04:00.707 WATER-BEARING MINERALS. 87 00:04:00.707 --> 00:04:02.108 THERE IS INDICATIONS IT MIGHT 88 00:04:02.108 --> 00:04:04.444 HAVE ORGANICS AS WELL. 89 00:04:04.444 --> 00:04:05.778 WE THINK IT LOOKS LIKE THE 90 00:04:05.778 --> 00:04:08.414 OBJECT THAT MIGHT HAVE DELIVERED 91 00:04:08.414 --> 00:04:11.551 THE PRECURSORS TO LIFE TO EARLY 92 00:04:11.551 --> 00:04:12.385 EARTH. 93 00:04:12.385 --> 00:04:14.087 IT'S SCIENTIFICALLY EXCITING TO 94 00:04:14.087 --> 00:04:16.723 BE IN ORBIT AROUND THIS SURFACE. 95 00:04:16.723 --> 00:04:17.824 >> WOW. 96 00:04:17.824 --> 00:04:19.225 I CAN'T WAIT TO FIND OUT MORE 97 00:04:19.225 --> 00:04:20.860 ABOUT IT. 98 00:04:20.860 --> 00:04:21.861 I KNOW THERE IS A LOT OF 99 00:04:21.861 --> 00:04:23.763 SURPRISES. 100 00:04:23.763 --> 00:04:25.798 >> ONE OF THE BIGGEST SURPRISES 101 00:04:25.798 --> 00:04:27.800 WHEN WE SAW WHAT BENNU LOOKED 102 00:04:27.800 --> 00:04:29.335 LIKE IS WHAT'S ON THE SCREEN 103 00:04:29.335 --> 00:04:30.036 HERE. 104 00:04:30.036 --> 00:04:32.472 IT'S COVERED WITH ROCKS. 105 00:04:32.472 --> 00:04:35.408 SO ON THE TABLE NEXT TO DANI IS 106 00:04:35.408 --> 00:04:38.144 A MODEL THAT WAS CREATED AND 107 00:04:38.144 --> 00:04:40.246 BENNU MET OUR EXPECTATIONS IN 108 00:04:40.246 --> 00:04:44.884 ITS GENERAL SHAPE, SPIN AXIS AND 109 00:04:44.884 --> 00:04:45.985 MASS. 110 00:04:45.985 --> 00:04:50.156 AND IT'S DRAMATIC SURFACE WAS A 111 00:04:50.156 --> 00:04:51.357 BIG SURPRISE. 112 00:04:51.357 --> 00:04:53.793 THAT CAUSED US TO RE-EVALUATE 113 00:04:53.793 --> 00:04:56.596 THE PROCESS FOR SITE SELECTION 114 00:04:56.596 --> 00:04:58.431 AND MAKE NEW IMPROVEMENTS TO THE 115 00:04:58.431 --> 00:05:00.166 CAPABILITY OF THE SPACECRAFT SO 116 00:05:00.166 --> 00:05:01.868 WE COULD GO DOWN TO THE SURFACE 117 00:05:01.868 --> 00:05:03.469 OF THIS ASTEROID. 118 00:05:03.469 --> 00:05:04.704 >> WOW. 119 00:05:04.704 --> 00:05:05.705 WE'LL TALK ABOUT THAT MORE 120 00:05:05.705 --> 00:05:07.407 LATER, TOO. 121 00:05:07.407 --> 00:05:09.142 TELL US WHAT BENNU CAN TELL US 122 00:05:09.142 --> 00:05:11.077 ABOUT OTHER ASTEROIDS IN 123 00:05:11.077 --> 00:05:11.678 GENERAL. 124 00:05:11.678 --> 00:05:13.413 I KNOW THERE IS A LOT OUT THERE. 125 00:05:13.413 --> 00:05:15.648 >> BENNU CAN TELL US ABOUT OTHER 126 00:05:15.648 --> 00:05:19.285 ASTEROIDS IN A NUMBER OF WAYS. 127 00:05:19.285 --> 00:05:21.521 SOMETHING THAT STICKS OUT IS WE 128 00:05:21.521 --> 00:05:24.957 DISCOVERED ITS AN ACTIVE 129 00:05:24.957 --> 00:05:26.092 ASTEROID. 130 00:05:26.092 --> 00:05:28.895 THERE IS MASS THAT IS ACTIVELY 131 00:05:28.895 --> 00:05:30.596 BEING EJECTED FROM THE SURFACE 132 00:05:30.596 --> 00:05:31.698 OF BENNU. 133 00:05:31.698 --> 00:05:32.899 WE HAVE SEEN SIMILAR ACTIVITY ON 134 00:05:32.899 --> 00:05:35.234 LARGER ASTEROIDS THROUGH 135 00:05:35.234 --> 00:05:38.271 TELESCOPIC OBSERVATIONS. 136 00:05:38.271 --> 00:05:39.906 WE HAVEN'T SEEN THIS AT THE LOW 137 00:05:39.906 --> 00:05:42.308 ENERGIES WE OBSERVE ON BENNU. 138 00:05:42.308 --> 00:05:44.644 IT'S GIVING US A BETTER RANGE OF 139 00:05:44.644 --> 00:05:47.380 ACTIVE ASTEROIDS THAT EXIST IN 140 00:05:47.380 --> 00:05:48.981 THE SOLAR SYSTEM. 141 00:05:48.981 --> 00:05:51.517 JUST TO GIVE SOME PERSPECTIVE, 142 00:05:51.517 --> 00:05:53.519 IF YOU WERE TO SNAP A CRACKER IN 143 00:05:53.519 --> 00:05:55.555 HALF, THE ENERGY RELEASED IS 144 00:05:55.555 --> 00:05:58.057 COMPARABLE TO THE EJECTION 145 00:05:58.057 --> 00:06:01.527 EVENTS WE ARE OBSERVING ON THE 146 00:06:01.527 --> 00:06:02.528 ASTEROID. 147 00:06:02.528 --> 00:06:07.967 >> WOW, THERE'S A LOT GOING ON 148 00:06:07.967 --> 00:06:09.202 THAT ROCK. 149 00:06:09.202 --> 00:06:12.972 USE THE #ASKNASA AT TWITTER OR 150 00:06:12.972 --> 00:06:15.775 Facebook OR COMMENT STREAM. 151 00:06:15.775 --> 00:06:17.110 WE'LL TAKE AS MANY AS WE CAN 152 00:06:17.110 --> 00:06:18.211 DURING THE PROGRAM. 153 00:06:18.211 --> 00:06:19.746 LET ME GET TO THE FIRST ONE OF 154 00:06:19.746 --> 00:06:20.146 THOSE. 155 00:06:20.146 --> 00:06:25.485 HOW BIG IS THE ASTEROID AND DOES 156 00:06:25.485 --> 00:06:28.121 IT HAVE A PARTICULAR ORBIT. 157 00:06:28.121 --> 00:06:30.590 >> I CAN GO AHEAD AND ANSWER THE 158 00:06:30.590 --> 00:06:31.791 FIRST PART. 159 00:06:31.791 --> 00:06:35.728 BENNU IS ABOUT 500 METERS IN ITS 160 00:06:35.728 --> 00:06:37.263 LONGEST DIMENSION. 161 00:06:37.263 --> 00:06:38.865 TO GIVE PERSPECTIVE, ABOUT THE 162 00:06:38.865 --> 00:06:40.400 SIZE OF THE EMPIRE STATE 163 00:06:40.400 --> 00:06:41.000 BUILDING. 164 00:06:41.000 --> 00:06:42.802 ABOUT A HUNDRED STORIES. 165 00:06:42.802 --> 00:06:44.337 YOU WANT TO ANSWER THE QUESTION 166 00:06:44.337 --> 00:06:46.139 ABOUT THE ORBIT, MIKE? 167 00:06:46.139 --> 00:06:49.275 >> IT'S IN A NEAR-EARTH ORBIT. 168 00:06:49.275 --> 00:06:51.511 IT'S AROUND THE SUN AND CROSSES 169 00:06:51.511 --> 00:06:53.846 THE EARTH'S ORBIT. 170 00:06:53.846 --> 00:06:55.148 THAT'S ONE OF THE REASONS BENNU 171 00:06:55.148 --> 00:06:56.983 IS SUCH AN INTERESTING OBJECT 172 00:06:56.983 --> 00:06:59.886 FOR US TO STUDY IN THIS MISSION. 173 00:06:59.886 --> 00:07:01.020 WE ARE INTERESTED IN PRECISELY 174 00:07:01.020 --> 00:07:03.322 STUDYING ITS ORBIT AND HOW THAT 175 00:07:03.322 --> 00:07:05.024 EVOLVES OVER TIME TO UNDERSTAND 176 00:07:05.024 --> 00:07:06.559 NOW CLOSE IT MIGHT COME TO THE 177 00:07:06.559 --> 00:07:08.060 EARTH. 178 00:07:08.060 --> 00:07:09.061 >> OKAY. 179 00:07:09.061 --> 00:07:09.862 APPRECIATE THAT. 180 00:07:09.862 --> 00:07:13.966 SO CAN YOU TELL US WHERE THE 181 00:07:13.966 --> 00:07:17.170 NAME OSIRIS-REx COMES FROM? 182 00:07:17.170 --> 00:07:20.640 >> THE OSIRIS-REx AS OUR 183 00:07:20.640 --> 00:07:27.680 PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR LIKES TO 184 00:07:27.680 --> 00:07:31.984 SAY IS AN AWESOME ACRONYM. 185 00:07:31.984 --> 00:07:34.821 ORIGIN, SECURITY, ENTER PRESENT 186 00:07:34.821 --> 00:07:39.192 TAGS, RESOURCE IDENTIFICATION, 187 00:07:39.192 --> 00:07:42.028 REGULUS EXPLORER. 188 00:07:42.028 --> 00:07:42.929 THERE IS A LOT THERE. 189 00:07:42.929 --> 00:07:44.664 >> I HOPE THAT ANSWERS THAT 190 00:07:44.664 --> 00:07:47.166 QUESTION. 191 00:07:47.166 --> 00:07:48.901 LET'S SEE WHAT WE GOT. 192 00:07:48.901 --> 00:07:51.537 ANOTHER ONE. 193 00:07:51.537 --> 00:07:53.439 JIM ON YouTube ASKS WHAT ARE 194 00:07:53.439 --> 00:07:54.874 YOU LOOKING FOR WHEN YOU GO TO 195 00:07:54.874 --> 00:07:57.076 THE SAMPLE SITE, WHEN YOU ARE 196 00:07:57.076 --> 00:07:59.412 SEARCHING THE SAMPLE SITE, WHAT 197 00:07:59.412 --> 00:08:00.413 ARE YOU LOOKING FOR? 198 00:08:00.413 --> 00:08:02.014 >> THE PRIMARY THING WE ARE 199 00:08:02.014 --> 00:08:04.350 LOOKING FOR IS THE PRESENCE OF 200 00:08:04.350 --> 00:08:06.052 SAMPLABLE MATERIAL. 201 00:08:06.052 --> 00:08:06.986 WE ARE INTERESTED IN WHETHER OR 202 00:08:06.986 --> 00:08:10.890 NOT ITS SAFE. 203 00:08:10.890 --> 00:08:12.558 FROM MY PERSPECTIVE, I'M 204 00:08:12.558 --> 00:08:14.260 INTERESTED IN WHETHER OR NOT 205 00:08:14.260 --> 00:08:17.797 THESE SITES MIGHT HAVE ORGANIC 206 00:08:17.797 --> 00:08:19.031 MATERIAL OR THING THAT IS WE 207 00:08:19.031 --> 00:08:20.233 THINK ARE SIMILAR TO THE 208 00:08:20.233 --> 00:08:22.268 PRECURSORS TO LIFE THAT WERE 209 00:08:22.268 --> 00:08:24.270 EVENTUALLY DELIVERED TO EARTH. 210 00:08:24.270 --> 00:08:25.605 IS THERE ANYTHING YOU WANT TO 211 00:08:25.605 --> 00:08:26.606 ADD ABOUT THE SAFETY? 212 00:08:26.606 --> 00:08:28.608 >> OUR NUMBER ONE GOAL IS TO 213 00:08:28.608 --> 00:08:31.010 KEEP THE SPACECRAFT SAFE WHILE 214 00:08:31.010 --> 00:08:32.645 NOVEMBER GATING DOWN TO THESE 215 00:08:32.645 --> 00:08:35.448 POTENTIAL TAG SITES. 216 00:08:35.448 --> 00:08:42.922 SOME HAVE VERY LARGE BOULDERS 217 00:08:42.922 --> 00:08:45.057 AND SOME THAT ARE POTENTIALLY 218 00:08:45.057 --> 00:08:45.892 HAZARDOUS. 219 00:08:45.892 --> 00:08:46.993 SO WE HAVE HAD TO TAKE 220 00:08:46.993 --> 00:08:48.628 PRECAUTIONS TO KEEP THE 221 00:08:48.628 --> 00:08:49.929 SPACECRAFT SAFE. 222 00:08:49.929 --> 00:08:53.065 >> I WANT TO THANK YOU BOTH. 223 00:08:53.065 --> 00:08:54.267 THAT'S FASCINATING. 224 00:08:54.267 --> 00:08:56.302 NOW WE HAVE A VIDEO, SOME OF THE 225 00:08:56.302 --> 00:08:59.772 SURPRISES OF BENNU THEY HAVE 226 00:08:59.772 --> 00:09:01.607 BEEN TALKING ABOUT. 227 00:09:01.607 --> 00:09:02.508 LET'S WATCH THAT RIGHT NOW. 228 00:09:02.508 --> 00:09:06.546 >> IN LATE 2018 AT OSIRIS-REx 229 00:09:06.546 --> 00:09:12.118 NEARED ITS TARGET, BENNU, IT 230 00:09:12.118 --> 00:09:14.487 GREW TO A HIGH RESOLUTION IMAGE. 231 00:09:14.487 --> 00:09:16.589 IT CONFIRMED THE BASIC SHAPE 232 00:09:16.589 --> 00:09:19.125 WHICH WAS OBSERVED IN 1999 BY 233 00:09:19.125 --> 00:09:21.761 GROUND BASE RADIO. 234 00:09:21.761 --> 00:09:22.895 WHAT SCIENTISTS DIDN'T EXPECT 235 00:09:22.895 --> 00:09:24.297 WAS JUST HOW ROUGH AND 236 00:09:24.297 --> 00:09:27.133 BOULDER-FILLED IT WAS. 237 00:09:27.133 --> 00:09:29.035 IT CAN BE DIFFICULT TO GRASP THE 238 00:09:29.035 --> 00:09:30.836 UNFAMILIAR SURFACE, IT'S HELPFUL 239 00:09:30.836 --> 00:09:32.772 TO UNDERSTAND THE SCALE OF WHAT 240 00:09:32.772 --> 00:09:34.073 YOU ARE SEEING HERE. 241 00:09:34.073 --> 00:09:36.075 IN THIS IMAGE, THE BRIGHTEST 242 00:09:36.075 --> 00:09:37.610 BOULDER IS THE LENGTH OF A 243 00:09:37.610 --> 00:09:40.046 HORSE. 244 00:09:40.046 --> 00:09:42.081 THIS IS THE WIDTH OF A SOCCER 245 00:09:42.081 --> 00:09:42.682 FIELD. 246 00:09:42.682 --> 00:09:44.483 THE OTHER CHALLENGE IS THE SMALL 247 00:09:44.483 --> 00:09:46.786 SIZE AND WEAK GRAVITY. 248 00:09:46.786 --> 00:09:52.959 OSIRIS NEEDS TO FLY CLOSE. 249 00:09:52.959 --> 00:09:54.894 IT ENTERED THE CLOSEST EVER 250 00:09:54.894 --> 00:09:57.930 ORBIT FOR A SPACECRAFT, SETTING 251 00:09:57.930 --> 00:09:59.765 A GUINNESS WORLD RECORD IN THE 252 00:09:59.765 --> 00:10:00.766 PROCESS. 253 00:10:00.766 --> 00:10:03.202 SIX MONTHS LATER IT BEAT ITS OWN 254 00:10:03.202 --> 00:10:04.704 RECORD AND APPROACHED TO WITHIN 255 00:10:04.704 --> 00:10:06.806 A FEW HUNDRED METERS OF THE 256 00:10:06.806 --> 00:10:08.541 ROCKY SURFACE. 257 00:10:08.541 --> 00:10:10.643 BECAUSE IT FLEW SO CLOSELY, THE 258 00:10:10.643 --> 00:10:13.079 TEAM WAS ABLE TO MAP THE 259 00:10:13.079 --> 00:10:17.249 TOPOGRAPHY OF BENNU. 260 00:10:17.249 --> 00:10:19.485 IN ADDITION, OSIRIS-REx PLANS 261 00:10:19.485 --> 00:10:22.021 TO COLLECT AND RETURN A SAMPLE 262 00:10:22.021 --> 00:10:23.122 BACK TO EARTH. 263 00:10:23.122 --> 00:10:24.724 THE SPACECRAFT WILL TAG THE 264 00:10:24.724 --> 00:10:26.726 SURFACE OF BENNU. 265 00:10:26.726 --> 00:10:28.628 THE TEAM HAS SELECTED FOUR 266 00:10:28.628 --> 00:10:32.064 POSSIBLE SAMPLE SIGHTS. 267 00:10:32.064 --> 00:10:34.000 OWE SPRAY, KINGFISHER, 268 00:10:34.000 --> 00:10:36.302 NIGHTINGALE AND SANDPIPER. 269 00:10:36.302 --> 00:10:39.038 THE SPACECRAFT HAS BEEN IMAGING 270 00:10:39.038 --> 00:10:43.609 THE SITES. 271 00:10:43.609 --> 00:10:44.210 WHAT WAS ORIGINALLY ENVISIONED 272 00:10:44.210 --> 00:10:46.412 AS A SMOOTH AND EASY TOUCHDOWN 273 00:10:46.412 --> 00:10:50.449 HAS BECOME A COMPLEX ENDEAVOR TO 274 00:10:50.449 --> 00:10:52.385 TAG THE SMALL, CROWDED SPACE, AN 275 00:10:52.385 --> 00:10:55.721 AREA NO LARGER THAN A FEW 276 00:10:55.721 --> 00:10:57.757 PARKING SPOTS BY 2020. 277 00:10:57.757 --> 00:10:59.058 THE TEAM HAS PUSHED THE 278 00:10:59.058 --> 00:11:01.193 BOUNDARIES OF SCIENTIFIC 279 00:11:01.193 --> 00:11:02.795 EXPLORATION, GOING FROM GROUND 280 00:11:02.795 --> 00:11:05.031 BASED RADAR IMAGES TO BEING A 281 00:11:05.031 --> 00:11:06.232 FEW HUNDRED METERS FROM THE 282 00:11:06.232 --> 00:11:08.768 ASTEROID'S SURFACE AND NOW IS 283 00:11:08.768 --> 00:11:11.303 NEAR MONTHS AWAY FROM A SAMPLE 284 00:11:11.303 --> 00:11:12.772 COLLECTION ATTEMPT. 285 00:11:12.772 --> 00:11:13.906 >> ALL RIGHT. 286 00:11:13.906 --> 00:11:16.108 THAT VIDEO GAVE US A LOT OF 287 00:11:16.108 --> 00:11:18.044 PERSPECTIVE ON HOW HARD IT HAS 288 00:11:18.044 --> 00:11:20.946 BEEN TO EXPLORE BENNU ONCE THE 289 00:11:20.946 --> 00:11:22.682 SPACECRAFT GOT THERE AND ALL THE 290 00:11:22.682 --> 00:11:23.883 SURPRISES. 291 00:11:23.883 --> 00:11:25.317 WE ARE GETTING READY TO SELECT 292 00:11:25.317 --> 00:11:27.420 THAT SAMPLE SITE AND TELL THE 293 00:11:27.420 --> 00:11:28.721 WORLD ABOUT IT. 294 00:11:28.721 --> 00:11:30.623 WE HAVE HEARD ABOUT BENNU AND 295 00:11:30.623 --> 00:11:37.430 WHERE IT IS, WHAT IT LOOKS LIKE. 296 00:11:37.430 --> 00:11:43.769 NOW WE'LL GET INTO THE WHY. 297 00:11:43.769 --> 00:11:46.405 I'M JOINED BY LORI GLAZE. 298 00:11:46.405 --> 00:11:48.040 WHY DO WE DO SAMPLE RETURN? 299 00:11:48.040 --> 00:11:50.276 >> THAT'S A GREAT QUESTION. 300 00:11:50.276 --> 00:11:52.078 WE HAVE BEEN OBSERVING BENNU FOR 301 00:11:52.078 --> 00:11:53.412 20 YEARS. 302 00:11:53.412 --> 00:11:55.014 FIRST OBSERVED USING GROUND 303 00:11:55.014 --> 00:11:56.649 BASED TELESCOPE. 304 00:11:56.649 --> 00:11:58.250 THEN OVER THAT 20 YEAR PERIOD WE 305 00:11:58.250 --> 00:11:59.552 CONTINUED TO OBSERVE THE 306 00:11:59.552 --> 00:12:01.587 ASTEROID USING GROUND BASE AND 307 00:12:01.587 --> 00:12:03.589 SPACE BASED OBSERVATIONS AND 308 00:12:03.589 --> 00:12:05.024 OVER THE LAST YEAR, OF COURSE, 309 00:12:05.024 --> 00:12:06.425 WE HAVE BEEN ABLE TO OBSERVE 310 00:12:06.425 --> 00:12:07.960 USING THE OSIRIS-REx 311 00:12:07.960 --> 00:12:08.961 SPACECRAFT. 312 00:12:08.961 --> 00:12:10.996 BUT ALL OF THOSE MEASUREMENTS 313 00:12:10.996 --> 00:12:14.100 AND OBSERVATIONS ARE REMOTE, 314 00:12:14.100 --> 00:12:15.801 DONE FROM A DISTANCE. 315 00:12:15.801 --> 00:12:17.236 THERE IS NO SUBSTITUTE FOR BEING 316 00:12:17.236 --> 00:12:19.038 ABLE TO PICK UP SOME OF THAT 317 00:12:19.038 --> 00:12:20.539 MATERIAL FROM THE SURFACE AND 318 00:12:20.539 --> 00:12:22.374 BRING IT BACK TO EARTH. 319 00:12:22.374 --> 00:12:24.410 BY BRINGING IT BACK, THAT ALLOWS 320 00:12:24.410 --> 00:12:26.112 US TO USE THE FULL CAPABILITIES 321 00:12:26.112 --> 00:12:28.714 OF ALL OF OUR STATE-OF-THE-ART 322 00:12:28.714 --> 00:12:30.416 TECHNOLOGIES AND LABORATORY 323 00:12:30.416 --> 00:12:32.551 FACILITIES TO ANALYZE THE 324 00:12:32.551 --> 00:12:34.353 SAMPLES, TO ANSWER SOME OF THE 325 00:12:34.353 --> 00:12:35.888 BIG QUESTIONS THAT WE HAVE THAT 326 00:12:35.888 --> 00:12:37.523 DANI WAS TALKING ABOUT WHEN SHE 327 00:12:37.523 --> 00:12:39.625 WAS SITTING HERE. 328 00:12:39.625 --> 00:12:41.160 NOT ONLY CAN WE ANSWER THOSE 329 00:12:41.160 --> 00:12:42.561 QUESTIONS USING FACILITIES 330 00:12:42.561 --> 00:12:44.930 TODAY, WE'LL PRESERVE MOST OF 331 00:12:44.930 --> 00:12:46.932 THE SAMPLES FOR GENERATIONS TO 332 00:12:46.932 --> 00:12:48.367 COME THAT THEY CAN USE NEW 333 00:12:48.367 --> 00:12:50.402 FACILITIES AND INSTRUMENTATION 334 00:12:50.402 --> 00:12:52.505 WE HAVEN'T EVEN DREAMED OF YET. 335 00:12:52.505 --> 00:12:54.039 >> WOW, THAT'S GOING TO BE 336 00:12:54.039 --> 00:12:55.741 AMAZING. 337 00:12:55.741 --> 00:12:58.177 WHAT IN PARTICULAR DO YOU THINK 338 00:12:58.177 --> 00:12:59.979 WE'LL LEARN FROM BENNU? 339 00:12:59.979 --> 00:13:02.014 >> BENNU IS GOING TO ADDRESS 340 00:13:02.014 --> 00:13:03.616 SEVERAL MAJOR QUESTIONS. 341 00:13:03.616 --> 00:13:05.651 THREE BIG ONES IN PARTICULAR. 342 00:13:05.651 --> 00:13:07.853 FIRST OFF, YOU HEARD OR YOU SAID 343 00:13:07.853 --> 00:13:10.289 EARLIER THAT BENNU WE THINK IS A 344 00:13:10.289 --> 00:13:12.124 REALLY OLD OBJECT THAT'S A 345 00:13:12.124 --> 00:13:13.859 REMNANT AND PRESERVED FROM THE 346 00:13:13.859 --> 00:13:16.796 EARLIEST PARTS OF OUR SOLAR 347 00:13:16.796 --> 00:13:17.496 SYSTEM. 348 00:13:17.496 --> 00:13:19.398 BY LOOKING AT THE SAMPLES, WE'LL 349 00:13:19.398 --> 00:13:21.233 GET INSIGHTS AND INFORMATION 350 00:13:21.233 --> 00:13:24.670 TELLING US WHAT IT WAS LIKE WHEN 351 00:13:24.670 --> 00:13:27.973 THE SOLAR SYSTEM WAS FORMED. 352 00:13:27.973 --> 00:13:29.375 WE THINK THERE ARE HYDRATED 353 00:13:29.375 --> 00:13:31.911 MINERALS AND MOLECULES, WE'LL 354 00:13:31.911 --> 00:13:33.746 BETTER UNDERSTAND HOW THOSE 355 00:13:33.746 --> 00:13:35.347 TYPES OF MATERIALS WERE 356 00:13:35.347 --> 00:13:37.183 DELIVERED TO EARTH AND WERE THE 357 00:13:37.183 --> 00:13:39.919 SEEDS HOW LIFE BEGAN TO FORM ON 358 00:13:39.919 --> 00:13:41.320 EARTH BACK IN THE EARLIEST 359 00:13:41.320 --> 00:13:42.121 TIMES. 360 00:13:42.121 --> 00:13:43.656 FINALLY, IT'S ALSO GOING TO HELP 361 00:13:43.656 --> 00:13:45.157 US BETTER UNDERSTAND WHAT TYPES 362 00:13:45.157 --> 00:13:47.393 OF RESOURCES MIGHT BE AVAILABLE 363 00:13:47.393 --> 00:13:49.328 ON THESE ASTEROIDS THAT ARE OUT 364 00:13:49.328 --> 00:13:51.664 THERE AS WE START TO TAKE HUMAN 365 00:13:51.664 --> 00:13:53.566 EXPLORATION BEYOND THE MOON AND 366 00:13:53.566 --> 00:13:55.701 GO OTHER PLACES. 367 00:13:55.701 --> 00:13:58.838 THERE MAY BE RESOURCES THAT MAY 368 00:13:58.838 --> 00:14:00.673 BE OF USE. 369 00:14:00.673 --> 00:14:02.675 >> SOME BIG QUESTIONS. 370 00:14:02.675 --> 00:14:03.809 THERE ARE OTHER MISSIONS IN 371 00:14:03.809 --> 00:14:05.411 PLACE GOING FORWARD TO GET 372 00:14:05.411 --> 00:14:06.712 SAMPLES FROM OTHER PLACES 373 00:14:06.712 --> 00:14:08.347 BUILDING ON THE APOLLO MOON 374 00:14:08.347 --> 00:14:09.982 ROCKS WE HAVE AND GOING TO MARS 375 00:14:09.982 --> 00:14:11.083 AND SO FORTH. 376 00:14:11.083 --> 00:14:12.618 HOW DOES THAT ALL FEEL TO FILL 377 00:14:12.618 --> 00:14:13.953 IN THIS? 378 00:14:13.953 --> 00:14:15.654 >> OF COURSE, THE APOLLO 379 00:14:15.654 --> 00:14:17.089 MISSIONS WERE THE FIRST MISSIONS 380 00:14:17.089 --> 00:14:18.791 TO BRING SAMPLES BACK. 381 00:14:18.791 --> 00:14:20.626 WE GET NATURAL SAMPLES ALL THE 382 00:14:20.626 --> 00:14:30.102 TIME WITH METEORITES. 383 00:14:30.102 --> 00:14:32.304 WE JUST OPENED UP SOME SAMPLES A 384 00:14:32.304 --> 00:14:34.440 FEW MONTHS AGO OR JUST TRYING TO 385 00:14:34.440 --> 00:14:36.141 LOOK AT THOSE AND WITH OUR NEW 386 00:14:36.141 --> 00:14:38.377 TECHNOLOGIES, AS I WAS SAYING. 387 00:14:38.377 --> 00:14:40.212 WE ALSO ARE WORKING WITH THE 388 00:14:40.212 --> 00:14:42.147 JAPANESE SPACE AGENCY ON THEIR 389 00:14:42.147 --> 00:14:43.549 MISSION TO VISIT ANOTHER 390 00:14:43.549 --> 00:14:49.088 ASTEROID CALLED RYUGU. 391 00:14:49.088 --> 00:14:50.923 THEY WILL BE RETURNING SAMPLES, 392 00:14:50.923 --> 00:14:52.625 WE'LL BE ABLE TO STUDY ANOTHER 393 00:14:52.625 --> 00:14:54.860 ASTEROID IN COMPARISON WITH 394 00:14:54.860 --> 00:14:56.195 BENNU. 395 00:14:56.195 --> 00:15:00.933 AND THE JAPANESE SPACE AGENCY IS 396 00:15:00.933 --> 00:15:03.969 BRINGING BACK OTHER SAMPLES. 397 00:15:03.969 --> 00:15:06.171 WE'LL BE LAUNCHING THE MARS 2020 398 00:15:06.171 --> 00:15:08.274 ROVER WHICH WILL LAND, DRIVE 399 00:15:08.274 --> 00:15:10.009 AROUND AND COLLECT SAMPLES FROM 400 00:15:10.009 --> 00:15:11.510 MARS THAT WILL BE LEFT ON THE 401 00:15:11.510 --> 00:15:13.879 SURFACE FOR EVENTUAL RETURN BY A 402 00:15:13.879 --> 00:15:16.382 MARS SAMPLE RETURN MISSION. 403 00:15:16.382 --> 00:15:18.317 >> THERE IS A LOT GOING ON IN 404 00:15:18.317 --> 00:15:19.318 THIS AREA. 405 00:15:19.318 --> 00:15:21.153 THANK YOU, LORI, FOR THAT 406 00:15:21.153 --> 00:15:25.491 PERSPECTIVE. 407 00:15:25.491 --> 00:15:26.825 WE'LL BRING UP THE MAN WITH THE 408 00:15:26.825 --> 00:15:27.626 ANSWERS. 409 00:15:27.626 --> 00:15:32.531 DANTE LAURETTA HAS BEEN WORKING 410 00:15:32.531 --> 00:15:34.566 AROUND THE CLOCK SINCE 411 00:15:34.566 --> 00:15:36.669 OSIRIS-REx ARRIVED AT BENNU 412 00:15:36.669 --> 00:15:38.304 LAST JANUARY 1. 413 00:15:38.304 --> 00:15:39.905 THEY DISCOVERED THE SURPRISES WE 414 00:15:39.905 --> 00:15:43.976 HAVE BEEN TALKING ABOUT. 415 00:15:43.976 --> 00:15:45.878 HE'S GOING TO GIVE US AN 416 00:15:45.878 --> 00:15:50.449 OVERVIEW OF HOW THEY DECIDED ON 417 00:15:50.449 --> 00:15:51.650 SITE SELECTION. 418 00:15:51.650 --> 00:15:52.785 TELL US ABOUT THE PROCESS OF 419 00:15:52.785 --> 00:15:54.386 NARROWING THESE DOWN. 420 00:15:54.386 --> 00:15:56.121 >> AS YOU CAN SEE FROM THE MAP 421 00:15:56.121 --> 00:15:58.057 OF THE ASTEROID BEHIND US, WHEN 422 00:15:58.057 --> 00:15:59.858 WE FIRST GOT THERE, THE MOST 423 00:15:59.858 --> 00:16:02.094 OBVIOUS FEATURE WERE THESE 424 00:16:02.094 --> 00:16:06.131 ABUNDANT, LARGE BOULDERS. 425 00:16:06.131 --> 00:16:07.633 VERY DIFFERENT THAN WHAT WE 426 00:16:07.633 --> 00:16:09.168 DESIGNED THE SPACECRAFT TO 427 00:16:09.168 --> 00:16:09.768 SAMPLE. 428 00:16:09.768 --> 00:16:11.003 WE WERE LOOKING AT SAMPLING 429 00:16:11.003 --> 00:16:13.739 AREAS THAT WERE 25 METERS IN 430 00:16:13.739 --> 00:16:14.974 RADIUS ACROSS. 431 00:16:14.974 --> 00:16:16.275 I THOUGHT IT WAS GOING TO BE 432 00:16:16.275 --> 00:16:18.911 OBVIOUS WHERE THE SAMPLE REGIONS 433 00:16:18.911 --> 00:16:20.312 WERE AND IT WAS A 434 00:16:20.312 --> 00:16:23.282 STRAIGHT-FORWARD SITE SELECTION. 435 00:16:23.282 --> 00:16:24.483 IT WAS NOTHING OF THE SORT. 436 00:16:24.483 --> 00:16:25.985 THE FIRST THING WAS TO COMPLETE 437 00:16:25.985 --> 00:16:27.820 THE GLOBAL CHARACTERIZATION OF 438 00:16:27.820 --> 00:16:29.321 THE ASTEROID. 439 00:16:29.321 --> 00:16:32.658 WE HAVE LASER ALTIMETERS FOR 440 00:16:32.658 --> 00:16:35.995 GETTING TOPOGRAPHY. 441 00:16:35.995 --> 00:16:38.030 AND THE SCIENCE TEAM DID AN 442 00:16:38.030 --> 00:16:40.833 AMAZING JOB OF GETTING THAT 443 00:16:40.833 --> 00:16:42.468 INFORMATION AND MAKING A SERIES 444 00:16:42.468 --> 00:16:44.403 OF MAPS OF THE SURFACE. 445 00:16:44.403 --> 00:16:45.604 THEN WE WENT THROUGH SEVERAL 446 00:16:45.604 --> 00:16:47.106 DIFFERENT WAYS TO CHARACTERIZE 447 00:16:47.106 --> 00:16:48.040 IT. 448 00:16:48.040 --> 00:16:49.441 WE HAVE THE TEAM LOOKING AT THE 449 00:16:49.441 --> 00:16:51.377 IMAGERY AND OTHER DATA TO PICK 450 00:16:51.377 --> 00:16:54.013 AREAS THAT LOOKED SAMPLABLE. 451 00:16:54.013 --> 00:16:55.814 WE USED MACHINE LEARNING 452 00:16:55.814 --> 00:16:58.150 ALGORITHMS. 453 00:16:58.150 --> 00:17:00.853 WE WROTE SOFTWARE TO FIND FLAT 454 00:17:00.853 --> 00:17:02.988 AREAS AND WE CROWD SOURCED SOME 455 00:17:02.988 --> 00:17:04.390 OF THIS INFORMATION OUT TO GET 456 00:17:04.390 --> 00:17:05.524 THE COMMUNITY INVOLVED IN 457 00:17:05.524 --> 00:17:07.626 HELPING US SELECT THE SITES. 458 00:17:07.626 --> 00:17:09.762 AFTER THAT PROCESS, WE HAD 50 459 00:17:09.762 --> 00:17:11.563 DIFFERENT AREAS ON THE ASTEROID 460 00:17:11.563 --> 00:17:12.998 SURFACE THAT LOOKED LIKE THEY 461 00:17:12.998 --> 00:17:14.566 MIGHT BE INTERESTING FOR US. 462 00:17:14.566 --> 00:17:17.369 I SET IT UP A TOURNAMENT STYLE 463 00:17:17.369 --> 00:17:18.070 BRACKET. 464 00:17:18.070 --> 00:17:21.540 WE GOT TO OUR SWEET 16 AND ELITE 465 00:17:21.540 --> 00:17:24.243 8 AND FINAL 4 WHERE WE ARE ABOUT 466 00:17:24.243 --> 00:17:26.178 TO CROWN THE CHAMPION AND RUNNER 467 00:17:26.178 --> 00:17:27.679 UP OF THIS PROCESS. 468 00:17:27.679 --> 00:17:29.248 >> I UNDERSTAND YOU HAVE COOL 469 00:17:29.248 --> 00:17:31.083 VIDEOS OF THOSE FINAL FOUR 470 00:17:31.083 --> 00:17:31.884 SITES. 471 00:17:31.884 --> 00:17:33.719 WHY DON'T YOU GO OVER THEM WITH 472 00:17:33.719 --> 00:17:34.119 US. 473 00:17:34.119 --> 00:17:35.821 >> LET'S LOOK AT THE FINAL FOUR 474 00:17:35.821 --> 00:17:39.158 CANDIDATE SAMPLE SITES. 475 00:17:39.158 --> 00:17:43.195 WE'LL START OFF WITH OSPREY. 476 00:17:43.195 --> 00:17:45.230 ONE OF THE FEATURES IS A FLAT 477 00:17:45.230 --> 00:17:46.832 ROCK. 478 00:17:46.832 --> 00:17:49.568 IT'S 12:00 ROCK, POINTING DUE 479 00:17:49.568 --> 00:17:50.269 NORTH. 480 00:17:50.269 --> 00:17:52.304 IT DOES LOOK LIKE IT HAVE SOME 481 00:17:52.304 --> 00:17:54.106 FINE GRAIN SAMPLE MATERIAL 482 00:17:54.106 --> 00:17:55.941 TOWARDS THE CENTRAL REGION AND 483 00:17:55.941 --> 00:18:00.279 IN THE TROUGH OR RIDGE. 484 00:18:00.279 --> 00:18:01.880 IT IS A ROUGH AND RUGGED 485 00:18:01.880 --> 00:18:02.714 SURFACE. 486 00:18:02.714 --> 00:18:04.216 WE WORRY WE MIGHT BE MORE 487 00:18:04.216 --> 00:18:08.687 CHALLENGING TO INGEST THOSE 488 00:18:08.687 --> 00:18:09.988 SAMPLES. 489 00:18:09.988 --> 00:18:11.590 BUT OVERALL THE SURROUNDING 490 00:18:11.590 --> 00:18:13.559 AREA, IT'S UP ON A HILL, IT'S 491 00:18:13.559 --> 00:18:15.494 FREE OF HAZARDS WE MIGHT FLY 492 00:18:15.494 --> 00:18:17.996 INTO ON THE BACK AWAY FROM 493 00:18:17.996 --> 00:18:18.730 COLLECTION. 494 00:18:18.730 --> 00:18:19.832 LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE NEXT 495 00:18:19.832 --> 00:18:20.432 ONE. 496 00:18:20.432 --> 00:18:22.968 THIS IS THE KINGFISHER SITE. 497 00:18:22.968 --> 00:18:25.904 THIS IS SIMILAR TO OSPREY. 498 00:18:25.904 --> 00:18:27.406 WE LIKE THE EQUATOR, THE 499 00:18:27.406 --> 00:18:40.319 NAVIGATION TEAM HAS HIGHER 500 00:18:40.319 --> 00:18:42.855 ACCURACY. 501 00:18:42.855 --> 00:18:45.057 THOSE LOOK LIKE THE FINEST GRAIN 502 00:18:45.057 --> 00:18:47.993 SAMPLABLE REGIONS, BUT THEY ARE 503 00:18:47.993 --> 00:18:51.730 REALLY SMALL, 2 METERS ACROSS. 504 00:18:51.730 --> 00:18:53.732 THE HOPE WAS THAT THAT SAME KIND 505 00:18:53.732 --> 00:18:56.468 OF FINE GRAIN MATERIAL WAS 506 00:18:56.468 --> 00:18:58.203 ACCUMULATING IN THE CENTER OF 507 00:18:58.203 --> 00:19:01.406 THIS CRATER. 508 00:19:01.406 --> 00:19:03.642 THIS IS THE NIGHTINGALE CRATER. 509 00:19:03.642 --> 00:19:05.944 UNLIKE OSPREY AND KINGFISHER, 510 00:19:05.944 --> 00:19:09.581 THIS IS HIGH LATITUDE. 511 00:19:09.581 --> 00:19:11.416 IT'S A CRATER ABOUT 20 METERS IN 512 00:19:11.416 --> 00:19:13.252 DIAMETER. 513 00:19:13.252 --> 00:19:15.454 IT'S CHARACTERIZED BY FINE GRAIN 514 00:19:15.454 --> 00:19:16.288 MATERIAL. 515 00:19:16.288 --> 00:19:19.491 WE SEE A FEW LARGE BOULDERS THAT 516 00:19:19.491 --> 00:19:21.326 LOOK LIKE THEY HAVE ROLLED DOWN 517 00:19:21.326 --> 00:19:25.464 INTO THE DEPRESSION. 518 00:19:25.464 --> 00:19:26.999 THERE IS A LARGE WALL OF TALL 519 00:19:26.999 --> 00:19:28.167 ROCKS. 520 00:19:28.167 --> 00:19:30.302 THAT DOES REPRESENT A POTENTIAL 521 00:19:30.302 --> 00:19:31.336 HAZARD. 522 00:19:31.336 --> 00:19:33.438 WHEN WE MAKE CONTACT WITH THE 523 00:19:33.438 --> 00:19:34.239 SURFACE. 524 00:19:34.239 --> 00:19:36.375 THE ONLY THING THAT TOUCHES IS 525 00:19:36.375 --> 00:19:40.512 THE END OF THE SAMPLE HEAD. 526 00:19:40.512 --> 00:19:41.713 THAT MAY TIP OVER. 527 00:19:41.713 --> 00:19:44.349 WE BACK AWAY FROM WHATEVER ANGLE 528 00:19:44.349 --> 00:19:46.051 WE HAVE TIPPED INTO. 529 00:19:46.051 --> 00:19:48.787 SO LET'S TAKE A LOOK AT THE 530 00:19:48.787 --> 00:19:49.988 FINAL SITE. 531 00:19:49.988 --> 00:19:52.024 THIS IS THE SANDPIPER SITE. 532 00:19:52.024 --> 00:19:55.460 THIS IS A HIGH LATITUDE SITE. 533 00:19:55.460 --> 00:19:57.362 UNLIKE THE OTHER THREE SITES, 534 00:19:57.362 --> 00:19:59.698 IT'S PART OF A MUCH LARGER 535 00:19:59.698 --> 00:20:01.934 CRATER, ABOUT 50 METERS IN 536 00:20:01.934 --> 00:20:02.968 DIAMETER. 537 00:20:02.968 --> 00:20:04.570 THE SITE ITSELF IS ON ONE OF THE 538 00:20:04.570 --> 00:20:06.605 SLOPES OF THE CRATER WALL. 539 00:20:06.605 --> 00:20:08.106 AND IT LOOKS LIKE THERE IS A 540 00:20:08.106 --> 00:20:09.942 WHOLE SERIES OF BOULDERS THAT 541 00:20:09.942 --> 00:20:12.544 ARE ROLLING DOWN THIS TERRAIN 542 00:20:12.544 --> 00:20:17.516 LIKE A SLOW MOTION LANDSLIDE. 543 00:20:17.516 --> 00:20:20.652 BUT IT APPEARS TO BE SHIELDED BY 544 00:20:20.652 --> 00:20:21.853 THE LARGE ROCK. 545 00:20:21.853 --> 00:20:24.489 THERE IS A SWATH OF THE CRATER 546 00:20:24.489 --> 00:20:27.125 WALL THAT'S FREE OF BOULDERS AND 547 00:20:27.125 --> 00:20:29.795 IS DOMINATED BY THAT FINE GRAIN 548 00:20:29.795 --> 00:20:30.896 SAMPLABLE MATERIAL. 549 00:20:30.896 --> 00:20:33.332 >> THOSE LOOK LIKE GREAT 550 00:20:33.332 --> 00:20:34.466 CANDIDATES. 551 00:20:34.466 --> 00:20:35.767 YOU HAVE SEEN THEM ALL NOW. 552 00:20:35.767 --> 00:20:37.002 SOME OF THOSE SPACE ROCKS YOU 553 00:20:37.002 --> 00:20:38.503 ARE SEEING RIGHT NOW ARE GOING 554 00:20:38.503 --> 00:20:41.139 TO BE BROUGHT BACK TO EARTH. 555 00:20:41.139 --> 00:20:42.341 THAT'S EXCITING. 556 00:20:42.341 --> 00:20:45.978 SO, DANTE, DO YOU WANT TO TELL 557 00:20:45.978 --> 00:20:47.779 US WHICH ONE YOU PICKED? 558 00:20:47.779 --> 00:20:48.714 >> I WILL. 559 00:20:48.714 --> 00:20:50.215 THINKING WE ARE GOING TO GET THE 560 00:20:50.215 --> 00:20:53.552 SAMPLE BACK TO EARTH SENDS 561 00:20:53.552 --> 00:20:57.823 CHILLS DOWN MY SPINE. 562 00:20:57.823 --> 00:21:00.025 THE WINNER IS THE NIGHTINGALE 563 00:21:00.025 --> 00:21:00.626 SITE. 564 00:21:00.626 --> 00:21:02.160 >> ALL RIGHT. 565 00:21:02.160 --> 00:21:04.463 MAKE SOME NOISE, AUDIENCE. 566 00:21:04.463 --> 00:21:06.398 [CHEERS AND APPLAUSE] 567 00:21:06.398 --> 00:21:08.533 >> WE RECOGNIZE THIS HAS SOME 568 00:21:08.533 --> 00:21:09.935 HAZARDS. 569 00:21:09.935 --> 00:21:11.136 WE ARE DOING A LOT OF WORK TO 570 00:21:11.136 --> 00:21:12.671 MAKE SURE WE ARE TARGETING THE 571 00:21:12.671 --> 00:21:14.039 SAFE REGIONS. 572 00:21:14.039 --> 00:21:15.240 THIS ONE CAME ON TOP BECAUSE OF 573 00:21:15.240 --> 00:21:17.175 THE SCIENTIFIC VALUE OF THE HIGH 574 00:21:17.175 --> 00:21:19.811 LATITUDES, IT STAYS COOL AND THE 575 00:21:19.811 --> 00:21:22.114 PRIMARY OBJECTIVE OF 576 00:21:22.114 --> 00:21:24.449 OSIRIS-REx IS TO BRING BACK 577 00:21:24.449 --> 00:21:26.151 ORGANIC MATERIAL AND WATER 578 00:21:26.151 --> 00:21:27.886 BEARING MATERIAL FROM THE EARLY 579 00:21:27.886 --> 00:21:29.955 SOLAR SYSTEM. 580 00:21:29.955 --> 00:21:31.356 IT GIVES US THE BEST CHANCE TO 581 00:21:31.356 --> 00:21:32.891 PRESERVE THAT KIND OF MATERIAL. 582 00:21:32.891 --> 00:21:34.826 >> SINCE WE ARE DEALING WITH A 583 00:21:34.826 --> 00:21:36.528 SITE WITH HAZARDS NEARBY, WE 584 00:21:36.528 --> 00:21:39.765 HAVE PUT SAFETY MECHANISMS ON TO 585 00:21:39.765 --> 00:21:41.199 THE SPACECRAFT. 586 00:21:41.199 --> 00:21:43.201 IT CAN TELL IF IT'S COMING DOWN 587 00:21:43.201 --> 00:21:45.937 TO A HAZARDOUS REGION AND WAVE 588 00:21:45.937 --> 00:21:47.773 OFF AND FLY AWAY FROM THE 589 00:21:47.773 --> 00:21:48.874 ASTEROID. 590 00:21:48.874 --> 00:21:50.876 THAT MAY DISTURB THE SURFACE AND 591 00:21:50.876 --> 00:21:53.512 MAKE THE REGION UNSAMPLABLE. 592 00:21:53.512 --> 00:21:56.748 THE RUNNER UP IS THE OSPREY 593 00:21:56.748 --> 00:21:57.783 SITE. 594 00:21:57.783 --> 00:21:59.785 WE KNOW WE CAN GET IN THERE. 595 00:21:59.785 --> 00:22:01.620 IT DOESN'T HAVE THE HAZARDS THAT 596 00:22:01.620 --> 00:22:03.221 NIGHTINGALE DOES, BUT IT ALSO 597 00:22:03.221 --> 00:22:04.323 MAY BE MORE CHALLENGING TO 598 00:22:04.323 --> 00:22:05.557 COLLECT A SAMPLE. 599 00:22:05.557 --> 00:22:08.293 WE THINK THE LOWER HAZARDS MAKES 600 00:22:08.293 --> 00:22:10.095 IT THE RIGHT CHOICE FOR THE 601 00:22:10.095 --> 00:22:10.696 BACKUP. 602 00:22:10.696 --> 00:22:13.665 >> THANKS FOR THAT, DANTE. 603 00:22:13.665 --> 00:22:15.000 WE HAVE QUESTIONS FROM SOCIAL 604 00:22:15.000 --> 00:22:16.301 MEDIA. 605 00:22:16.301 --> 00:22:20.439 USE THE #ASKNASA. 606 00:22:20.439 --> 00:22:22.240 AARON IN THE AUDIENCE ASKS WHAT 607 00:22:22.240 --> 00:22:23.675 IS THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE OF THE 608 00:22:23.675 --> 00:22:24.176 SITE? 609 00:22:24.176 --> 00:22:27.612 >> THE BIGGEST CHALLENGE IS THE 610 00:22:27.612 --> 00:22:29.514 LARGE BOULDERS THAT ARE OFF ON 611 00:22:29.514 --> 00:22:32.017 THE EASTERN EDGE OF THE CRATER. 612 00:22:32.017 --> 00:22:34.653 THAT TALLEST ONE, I CALL IT 613 00:22:34.653 --> 00:22:36.488 MOUNT DOOM BECAUSE IT HAS THE 614 00:22:36.488 --> 00:22:38.790 CLASSIC PEAK SHAPE WE ARE 615 00:22:38.790 --> 00:22:39.725 FAMILIAR WITH FROM THE 616 00:22:39.725 --> 00:22:41.526 LITERATURE. 617 00:22:41.526 --> 00:22:43.061 THAT'S SEVEN METERS TALL. 618 00:22:43.061 --> 00:22:44.363 WHEN YOU ARE AT THE BOTTOM OF 619 00:22:44.363 --> 00:22:46.398 THE CRATER, THAT'S ANOTHER THREE 620 00:22:46.398 --> 00:22:47.299 METERS. 621 00:22:47.299 --> 00:22:49.134 IT'S A BUILDING-SIZED 622 00:22:49.134 --> 00:22:50.035 OBSTRUCTION. 623 00:22:50.035 --> 00:22:51.436 WE ARE TRYING TO GET INTO A 624 00:22:51.436 --> 00:22:53.271 CRATER THAT'S ON THE ORDER OF A 625 00:22:53.271 --> 00:22:56.007 FEW PARKING LOT SPACES WIDE. 626 00:22:56.007 --> 00:22:57.609 WE ARE DOING A TIGHT JOB PARKING 627 00:22:57.609 --> 00:22:59.344 THAT AND WE ARE AWARE THAT WE 628 00:22:59.344 --> 00:23:01.646 HAVE HAZARDS AROUND US. 629 00:23:01.646 --> 00:23:03.582 PRECISION NAVIGATION TO THAT 630 00:23:03.582 --> 00:23:05.817 SAMPLE MATERIAL IS OUR BIGGEST 631 00:23:05.817 --> 00:23:06.218 CHALLENGE. 632 00:23:06.218 --> 00:23:07.919 >> THAT'S GOING TO BE SOME 633 00:23:07.919 --> 00:23:09.554 AMAZING ENGINEERING. 634 00:23:09.554 --> 00:23:10.856 THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE FOR 635 00:23:10.856 --> 00:23:12.791 QUESTIONS WITH DANTE. 636 00:23:12.791 --> 00:23:13.725 KEEP SENDING THEM IN. 637 00:23:13.725 --> 00:23:15.360 THANK YOU AND CONGRATULATIONS. 638 00:23:15.360 --> 00:23:16.461 >> THANK YOU. 639 00:23:16.461 --> 00:23:17.996 >> SO RIGHT NOW I'M GOING TO 640 00:23:17.996 --> 00:23:21.199 INVITE MIKE MOREAU BACK TO THE 641 00:23:21.199 --> 00:23:21.933 STAGE. 642 00:23:21.933 --> 00:23:22.434 HE WILL TALK ABOUT THE 643 00:23:22.434 --> 00:23:23.835 ENGINEERING THAT MAKES THIS 644 00:23:23.835 --> 00:23:26.371 AMAZING SAMPLE RETURN POSSIBLE. 645 00:23:26.371 --> 00:23:28.573 WE HAVE AN INSTRUMENT ABOARD 646 00:23:28.573 --> 00:23:31.410 OSIRIS-REx CALLED TAGSAM WHICH 647 00:23:31.410 --> 00:23:34.045 IS GOING TO INGEST THE SAMPLE IN 648 00:23:34.045 --> 00:23:38.083 A UNIQUE WAY MIKE WILL EXPLAIN 649 00:23:38.083 --> 00:23:40.419 AND RETURN IT TO EARTH LATER 650 00:23:40.419 --> 00:23:41.620 AFTER WE GET IT. 651 00:23:41.620 --> 00:23:42.821 SO WELCOME BACK, MIKE. 652 00:23:42.821 --> 00:23:43.555 >> THANK YOU. 653 00:23:43.555 --> 00:23:45.757 >> TELL US ABOUT THE CHALLENGES 654 00:23:45.757 --> 00:23:49.094 OF THE SAMPLE COLLECTION. 655 00:23:49.094 --> 00:23:51.430 >> YOU CAN IMAGINE WHEN THE 656 00:23:51.430 --> 00:23:52.831 OSIRIS-REx MISSION WAS BEING 657 00:23:52.831 --> 00:23:55.667 FORMULATED, THEY HAD A DESIGN 658 00:23:55.667 --> 00:23:56.668 CHALLENGE. 659 00:23:56.668 --> 00:23:58.703 HOW DO YOU COLLECT A SAMPLE 660 00:23:58.703 --> 00:24:02.474 USING A ROBOTIC SPACECRAFT. 661 00:24:02.474 --> 00:24:05.577 THE TAGSAM IS SOMETHING THAT 662 00:24:05.577 --> 00:24:08.113 LOCKHEED MARTIN CAME UP WITH. 663 00:24:08.113 --> 00:24:09.915 THE TAGSAM IS SHOWN IN FULL 664 00:24:09.915 --> 00:24:10.749 SCALE. 665 00:24:10.749 --> 00:24:12.651 IT SITS AT THE END OF A ROBOTIC 666 00:24:12.651 --> 00:24:13.485 ARM AT THE END OF THE 667 00:24:13.485 --> 00:24:14.486 SPACECRAFT. 668 00:24:14.486 --> 00:24:16.421 THE TAGSAM IS THE ONLY PIECE OF 669 00:24:16.421 --> 00:24:18.256 THE SPACECRAFT THAT WILL TOUCH 670 00:24:18.256 --> 00:24:19.658 THE SURFACE. 671 00:24:19.658 --> 00:24:21.059 IN DOING SO, ONCE CONTACT WITH 672 00:24:21.059 --> 00:24:23.061 THE SURFACE IS DETECTED, THERE 673 00:24:23.061 --> 00:24:26.498 WILL BE NITROGEN GAS BOTTLE THAT 674 00:24:26.498 --> 00:24:29.634 IS FIRED WHICH STIRS UP THE 675 00:24:29.634 --> 00:24:33.538 SURFACE, CHURNS UP THAT FINE 676 00:24:33.538 --> 00:24:35.273 GRAIN MATERIAL WHICH WILL BE 677 00:24:35.273 --> 00:24:37.509 CAPTURED IN THE OUTER RING. 678 00:24:37.509 --> 00:24:39.110 ONCE IT'S BEEN IN CONTACT FOR A 679 00:24:39.110 --> 00:24:40.846 FEW SECONDS, IT WILL FIRE 680 00:24:40.846 --> 00:24:42.547 THRUSTERS AND BACK AWAY 681 00:24:42.547 --> 00:24:43.982 HOPEFULLY WITH THE SAMPLE IN 682 00:24:43.982 --> 00:24:44.483 HAND. 683 00:24:44.483 --> 00:24:45.684 >> THERE IS SO MANY 684 00:24:45.684 --> 00:24:47.919 CONTINGENCIES HERE. 685 00:24:47.919 --> 00:24:49.020 WHAT HAPPENS IF IT GETS TOO 686 00:24:49.020 --> 00:24:51.456 CLOSE AND REALIZES THERE ISN'T 687 00:24:51.456 --> 00:24:53.492 ENOUGH TO SAMPLE? 688 00:24:53.492 --> 00:24:56.628 >> DANTE ALLUDED TO THIS. 689 00:24:56.628 --> 00:24:58.029 WE HAD TO MAKE SOME CHANGES TO 690 00:24:58.029 --> 00:25:01.366 THE CAPABILITIES OF THE 691 00:25:01.366 --> 00:25:03.768 SPACECRAFT TO NAVIGATE INTO 692 00:25:03.768 --> 00:25:05.904 NIGHTINGALE. 693 00:25:05.904 --> 00:25:08.006 WE HAVE A HAZARD MAP. 694 00:25:08.006 --> 00:25:09.641 THE ON-BOARD KNOWLEDGE THAT THE 695 00:25:09.641 --> 00:25:11.776 SPACECRAFT HAS OF WHERE IT'S 696 00:25:11.776 --> 00:25:14.646 COMING DOWN, IF IT DETECTS WE 697 00:25:14.646 --> 00:25:17.449 ARE COMING TOO CLOSE, IT CAN 698 00:25:17.449 --> 00:25:21.520 BACK AND AWAY AND WE'LL HAVE A 699 00:25:21.520 --> 00:25:22.220 CHANCE AGAIN. 700 00:25:22.220 --> 00:25:23.622 >> WHAT HAPPENS ONCE YOU GET THE 701 00:25:23.622 --> 00:25:25.323 SAMPLE COLLECTED? 702 00:25:25.323 --> 00:25:25.957 WHAT HAPPENS TO IT? 703 00:25:25.957 --> 00:25:28.426 >> ONCE WE BACK AWAY, THE NEXT 704 00:25:28.426 --> 00:25:30.362 COUPLE OF DAYS WILL ASSESS THE 705 00:25:30.362 --> 00:25:31.663 HEALTH AND SAFETY OF THE 706 00:25:31.663 --> 00:25:33.598 SPACECRAFT AFTER CONTACTING THE 707 00:25:33.598 --> 00:25:35.700 SURFACE AND TRYING TO FIGURE OUT 708 00:25:35.700 --> 00:25:36.935 IF WE HAVE A SAMPLE. 709 00:25:36.935 --> 00:25:39.771 THE TWO PRIMARY WAYS, ONE IS 710 00:25:39.771 --> 00:25:41.373 IMAGING THE TAGSAM WITH THE 711 00:25:41.373 --> 00:25:43.508 CAMERAS ON BOARD THE SPACECRAFT. 712 00:25:43.508 --> 00:25:45.110 WE'LL BE ABLE TO SEE IF THERE IS 713 00:25:45.110 --> 00:25:46.545 MATERIAL THAT'S CAPTURED INSIDE 714 00:25:46.545 --> 00:25:47.445 THE RING. 715 00:25:47.445 --> 00:25:48.547 THE OTHER TECHNIQUE WE ARE GOING 716 00:25:48.547 --> 00:25:50.782 TO USE IS CALLED A SAMPLE MASS 717 00:25:50.782 --> 00:25:52.384 MEASUREMENT. 718 00:25:52.384 --> 00:25:54.119 WE'LL BE SPINNING THE SPACECRAFT 719 00:25:54.119 --> 00:25:56.621 IN A LITTLE PIROUETTE AND HELP 720 00:25:56.621 --> 00:25:58.356 US DETERMINE THE SAMPLE AT THE 721 00:25:58.356 --> 00:25:59.758 END OF THE ARM. 722 00:25:59.758 --> 00:26:02.794 >> WOW. 723 00:26:02.794 --> 00:26:04.930 YOU ARE AN ENGINEER. 724 00:26:04.930 --> 00:26:07.132 WE HAVE A QUESTION, HOW DO YOU 725 00:26:07.132 --> 00:26:09.467 DECIDE THE MANEUVERS THE 726 00:26:09.467 --> 00:26:11.803 SPACECRAFT HAS TO DO AND HOW DO 727 00:26:11.803 --> 00:26:13.872 YOU ASSESS YOUR OPTIONS IN SUCH 728 00:26:13.872 --> 00:26:14.873 A TIGHT SPACE? 729 00:26:14.873 --> 00:26:16.474 >> THAT'S A GOOD QUESTION. 730 00:26:16.474 --> 00:26:17.909 THE NAVIGATION TEAM AND LOCKHEED 731 00:26:17.909 --> 00:26:20.345 MARTIN TEAM ARE SPENDING MANY 732 00:26:20.345 --> 00:26:23.582 HOURS DESIGNING THE TRAJECTORIES 733 00:26:23.582 --> 00:26:27.819 THAT ALLOWED US TO FLY NEAR 734 00:26:27.819 --> 00:26:31.389 BENNU AND COLLECT THE IMAGES. 735 00:26:31.389 --> 00:26:32.791 NOW THAT WE HAVE SELECTED THE 736 00:26:32.791 --> 00:26:34.593 NIGHTINGALE SITE, DOING THE 737 00:26:34.593 --> 00:26:37.128 FINAL DESIGNS OF THE TRAJECTORY 738 00:26:37.128 --> 00:26:39.164 THAT WILL TAKE US FROM ORBIT 739 00:26:39.164 --> 00:26:41.099 DOWN TO THE SURFACE AND CONTACT 740 00:26:41.099 --> 00:26:42.400 THE SAMPLE. 741 00:26:42.400 --> 00:26:43.702 THERE HAS BEEN A LOT OF WORK TO 742 00:26:43.702 --> 00:26:46.137 DETERMINE THOSE TRAJECTORIES AND 743 00:26:46.137 --> 00:26:47.973 HOW ACCURATELY WE CAN CONTACT 744 00:26:47.973 --> 00:26:50.175 THE SURFACE. 745 00:26:50.175 --> 00:26:54.512 >> HOW IS THE TEAM'S WORK 746 00:26:54.512 --> 00:26:56.247 CHANGING NOW THAT YOU GOT THE 747 00:26:56.247 --> 00:26:57.882 FOCUS, YOU KNOW WHERE YOU ARE 748 00:26:57.882 --> 00:26:58.283 GOING? 749 00:26:58.283 --> 00:27:00.185 >> THE TEAM IS INCREDIBLY 750 00:27:00.185 --> 00:27:02.320 EXCITED. 751 00:27:02.320 --> 00:27:04.022 NIGHTINGALE IS AN EXCITING SITE 752 00:27:04.022 --> 00:27:05.657 TO GO INTO BECAUSE OF THE 753 00:27:05.657 --> 00:27:08.059 CHALLENGES IT'S POSING. 754 00:27:08.059 --> 00:27:09.294 THE TEAM HAS RISEN TO THE 755 00:27:09.294 --> 00:27:10.895 CHALLENGE, TO COME UP WITH HOW 756 00:27:10.895 --> 00:27:11.930 WE WOULD MAKE THE DECISION ABOUT 757 00:27:11.930 --> 00:27:13.665 THE BEST SITE, BUT ALSO TO 758 00:27:13.665 --> 00:27:15.300 CONVINCE OURSELVES THAT WE CAN 759 00:27:15.300 --> 00:27:16.601 GET THERE AND NAVIGATE THE 760 00:27:16.601 --> 00:27:18.336 SPACECRAFT SUCCESSFULLY. 761 00:27:18.336 --> 00:27:20.772 THE TEAM IS EXCITED TO BE ABLE 762 00:27:20.772 --> 00:27:22.374 TO MOVE FORWARD AND PUT ALL OF 763 00:27:22.374 --> 00:27:25.110 OUR ATTENTION TOWARD TAGGING AT 764 00:27:25.110 --> 00:27:26.511 THE NIGHTINGALE SITE. 765 00:27:26.511 --> 00:27:28.246 >> WE HAVE A COUPLE MORE REAL 766 00:27:28.246 --> 00:27:29.047 QUICK HERE. 767 00:27:29.047 --> 00:27:33.284 I'M NOT SURE IF YOU CAN ANSWER 768 00:27:33.284 --> 00:27:35.720 THIS YOURSELF, BUT LUCY WANTS TO 769 00:27:35.720 --> 00:27:37.622 KNOW, ARE THERE GOING TO BE 770 00:27:37.622 --> 00:27:40.959 PRECAUTIONS FOR QUARANTINE ONCE 771 00:27:40.959 --> 00:27:41.860 THIS COMES BACK? 772 00:27:41.860 --> 00:27:44.095 >> THAT'S NOT MY EXPERTISE. 773 00:27:44.095 --> 00:27:45.330 THERE WILL BE GREAT CARE WHEN 774 00:27:45.330 --> 00:27:47.332 THE SAMPLE RETURNS TO THE EARTH. 775 00:27:47.332 --> 00:27:49.567 IF WILL ENTER THE ATMOSPHERE IN 776 00:27:49.567 --> 00:27:52.570 A SMALL CAPSULE THAT WILL LAND 777 00:27:52.570 --> 00:27:55.006 IN THE UTAH DESERT. 778 00:27:55.006 --> 00:27:56.641 IT WILL BE TRANSPORTED TO 779 00:27:56.641 --> 00:27:58.843 JOHNSON SPACE CENTER WHERE THERE 780 00:27:58.843 --> 00:28:01.680 IS FACILITIES TO MAKE THE SAMPLE 781 00:28:01.680 --> 00:28:05.417 AVAILABLE FOR ANALYSIS. 782 00:28:05.417 --> 00:28:06.818 >> I WANT TO THANK EVERYBODY ON 783 00:28:06.818 --> 00:28:08.053 THE SHOW TODAY. 784 00:28:08.053 --> 00:28:08.753 THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE 785 00:28:08.753 --> 00:28:09.788 RIGHT NOW. 786 00:28:09.788 --> 00:28:12.090 BUT PLEASE CONTINUE TO GO TO 787 00:28:12.090 --> 00:28:13.775 NASA.GOV/OSIRIS-REx. 788 00:28:13.775 --> 00:28:16.161 IT'S GOING TO GET MORE EXCITING 789 00:28:16.161 --> 00:28:18.430 AS WE GET THE SAMPLE. 790 00:28:18.430 --> 00:28:20.815 THAT'S ALL THE TIME WE HAVE FOR 791 00:28:20.815 --> 00:28:21.583 NOW. 792 00:28:21.583 --> 00:28:23.051 UNTIL NEXT TIME, LET'S GO PLAY 793 00:28:23.051 --> 00:28:24.252 TAG.