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[Noah] You helped design how astronauts would stay alive \
and comfortable while working on the Moon.\
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[Denis] Science is something you test, \
you experiment, you get results, \
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and that modifies the way we look at the world.\
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[Ernie] Where did all of this stuff come from? \
How did it form? What was the process? \
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Does it happen all the time across the universe? \
Or are we somehow unique or at least unusual? What does it all mean? \
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[NARRATOR] I’m Katie Atkinson, and this is \
NASA Explorers: Apollo, \
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\cf2 an audio series where we tell stories about past, \
present and future lunar science. \
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[Archival Audio Footage]\
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Lunar science runs in the family for the Petros. \
In this episode of NASA Explorers: Apollo, \
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lunar scientist Noah Petro interviews his father Denis, \
who was an engineer for the Apollo program. \
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[Music]\
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\cf2 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 The Moon is a really interesting place because we’ve been there.  \
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\cf2 There are 12 sets of boot prints on the ground \
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and you helped get them there.\
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[Music]\
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\cf2 My name is Noah Petro and I am the project scientist \
for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter and a lunar scientist. \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 My name is Denis Petro, \
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\cf2 I worked on the Apollo program as an engineer.\
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\cf2 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 You talk about families that pass down a business \
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\cf2 from generation to generation. We're in the Moon business. \
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The Petros are in the Moon business,\
and so that's what got passed down. \
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[Music]\
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\cf2 [Noah] Let’s walk through July 20, 1969 and where were you and how did it feel to have that experience saying I built this thing and it’s working on the Moon?\
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Did you watch it with a different eye than anyone else because of your, uh, awareness of how dangerous the whole thing was?\
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\cf2 [Denis] It was an incredible sense of accomplishment in a certain way \
because this was something that's kind of hard to do when you think about it. \
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I had been involved with, what are those factors \
that could actually cause them not to get to the Moon.  \
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And I’m sitting there saying, “Damn. There they are. \
They’re sitting on the Moon!!”\
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[Laughs]\
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[Narrator]Denis was involved with a crucial aspect \
of the Moon landing -- the astronaut suits. \
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He helped was involved with testing test the oxygen system \
for the astronauts' backpacks. \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 The initial designs had all been finalized, \
but they were in the testing phase. \
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In my part of the program, it was like, well, \
how much oxygen do you need? \
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How much of these other things — how many BTUs or calories \
are these astronauts going to need?\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 You helped design how astronauts would stay alive \
and comfortable while working on the Moon.\
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\cf2 \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 Well, right. The object was to humanize it because \
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\cf2 you can do all the technical stuff about well, \
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they’re going to be there for a day-and-a-half \
and they’re supposed to do this, that and the other thing, \
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but can they actually do that and survive?\
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[Music]\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 I don't know if you remember going to \
the cradle of aviation museum in Bethpage \
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and seeing your portable life support system that you made. \
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And I think the little story you told me \
at the time was that there are the big sheets of metal that held it all together \
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and you got to sign your name to them. Is that right? \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 Right. That was a no, no, because it was in a clean room kind of concept. \
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\cf2 But if you went in there with a scribe, you know, stainless steel scribe, \
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you could write your name on something that would be left on the Moon. \
If you look at, you know, the picture of the backpack, \
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you'll see that flat surface and that was a heat exchanger. \
But it was also a flat piece of stainless steel -\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 very amenable to people writing on it.\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2  \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 When I look at any pictures of the Apollo landing sites, \
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\cf2 you can see those backpacks. \
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You can see the 12 portable life-support systems sitting on the surface, \
50 years later that you know. someday we go back. \
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can we crack one of those things open?\
There’s gonna be “Denis Petro” signed on it. \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 Look at the graffiti!\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 I’m probably one of the few people \
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\cf2 that has that very personal connection when I see those landing sites \
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that I can have that personal, emotional response to it, \
as opposed to just a purely ‘Wow, that’s, you know, a great exploration site!’, \
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because there’s something there that’s very tangible, \
that’s very close to me, and very real because I know the person who built it, \
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and what it took to get that there.\
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[Music] \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 I think early on you had an interest and curiosity \
about the whole universe!\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 You know, your passion for science and learning \
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\cf2 was clearly passed on to me, \
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and one of the things that most influenced me \
was when we would go to the Air & Space museum or the cradle of aviation. \
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To me, that opened up this mindset that, okay, exploration of space, \
exploration of the Moon, most importantly, is a real thing. \
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Not just yes, that it happened, but that there were people behind it, \
and that you were behind it ….\
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\cf2 You and I would take road trips and a lot \
through the US South west \
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and no mystery why particularly Apollo astronauts \
trained in the desert southwest cause it's a barren landscape, much like the Moon. \
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But the geology is really awesome and\
it's a great place to fall in love with studying the Earth\
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or studying planets is seeing it laid out in front of you. \
These environments are telling us something about how the planet works\
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and that connection between something real, tangible, \
touching a rock on the earth or sending people to the Moon \
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and doing the same exact thing, \
it was very impactful and got me here today. \
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[Music]\
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Denis] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 Noah has a really concrete awareness about the reality of science.  \
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\cf2 Science is something you test, you do, you experiment, \
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you get results…and that modifies the way we look at the world.  \
For me, I’m very proud of him for carrying the flag.\
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[Music] \
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\cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 [Noah] \cf2 \outl0\strokewidth0 \strokec2 When you look at the Apollo program and you look at what they did, \
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\cf2 you know we sent 12 of the most highly programmed computers - humans - \
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to the Moon, all tremendously successful. \
You know, within four years, \
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we’d gone from never having sent humans to the Moon \
to having people living on the Moon for three days, \
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driving around and doing real hardcore field geology, \
uh, but it took engineering to make it happen.\
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\cf2 I hope that people, when they look at Apollo \
and they look at the, the films, the movies, the pictures, \
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It's not just, okay, there's Buzz Aldrin sending on the surface of the Moon. \
Oh my goodness, that's impressive. \
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But there's also 400,000 people behind the scenes \
who made that moment happen. And that's important. \
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[Music]\
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\cf2 [Narrator] Fifty years after the historic Moon landing, \
Noah is continuing his father’s legacy, \
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contributing to the lunar science they both love. \
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\cf2 The Petro family’s connection to the Moon is just one example \
of the huge impact that the Apollo 11 mission left behind.\
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\cf2 We asked you to help NASA tell the story of Apollo.\
Hundreds of people answered from all over the world. \
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\cf2 Here’s what Ginny from Kentucky remembers:\
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\cf2 [Ginny] Hi NASA, It’s me… Ginny ...you know, fifty years later… \
I got in such trouble after the Moon landing. So here’s what happened:\
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\cf2 The morning after, my brothers Bucky and Monty and my next door neighbor Melissa, and our friend Rudy and I decided to celebrate with a lemonade stand. \
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\cf2 We used up all of my grandmother’s aluminum foil to make space helmets. And then we made lemonade and Kool-Aid using all of my grandmother’s sugar. \
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And we set up our stand on the side of the road. \
And we called it “Homemade, Moonmaid, Lemonade and Kool-Aid.” \
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And we thought we were just the best and the smartest kids \
on the whole planet Earth …\
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\cf2 Until my grandmother got home. \
And my goodness she was not happy.\
\
88\
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goodness knows how many lemons, and those little packets of Kool-Aid \
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that were just stashed for special occasions.\
I don’t reckon I sat down for a week.\
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\cf2 I love this memory of the Moon landing so much \
and every year, when this comes up, \
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I think of it as the Homemade Moonmaid Lemonade and Kool-aid ...\
And just I cherish all of my little friends who helped me make it happen.\
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\cf2 So, happy 50th NASA! Love you! \
-Ginny.\
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[Music]\
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\cf2 [Narrator] Thanks, Ginny, for sharing that story with us. \
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\cf2 What do you remember about the moon landing? \
Of space exploration do you hope to see in your lifetime?\
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We want to hear your Apollo story. \
Visit nasa.gov/apollostories to learn more.\
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\cf2 [Music] \
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\cf2 The NASA Explorers: Apollo team includes Micheala Sosby, \
Haley Reed, and Katie Atkinson, \
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with music by Daniel Wytanis and Lee Rosevere.\
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\cf2 If you like this NASA Explorers series, \
leave us a review wherever you get your podcasts. Thank you.\
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\cf2 \
}