1 00:00:00,100 --> 00:00:01,668 >> CHRISTY: As I mentioned, as John mentioned earlier which we 2 00:00:01,668 --> 00:00:04,404 talked about not doing and I did anyway. >> JOHN: It’s okay, 3 00:00:04,404 --> 00:00:05,772 this is why we train. 4 00:00:05,772 --> 00:00:19,853 [UPBEAT MUSIC] 5 00:00:19,853 --> 00:00:21,989 >>JOHN: Hi, I'm John Grunsfeld, NASA astronaut. 6 00:00:21,989 --> 00:00:23,423 >>CHRISTY: Hi I’m Christy Hansen, 7 00:00:23,423 --> 00:00:26,693 Johnson Space Center EVA task astronaut training lead, and 8 00:00:26,693 --> 00:00:29,830 flight controller. >> JOHN: An “EVA” means extravehicular 9 00:00:29,830 --> 00:00:33,800 activity, which is just another long way of saying “spacewalk,” 10 00:00:33,800 --> 00:00:37,671 and I got to do eight spacewalks on the Hubble Space Telescope. 11 00:00:37,671 --> 00:00:41,441 You might wonder, how did we learn to do the complex tasks 12 00:00:41,441 --> 00:00:45,112 using all the cool tools that we used on the Hubble Space 13 00:00:45,112 --> 00:00:48,715 Telescope? Christy, how did we learn how to do all of that? 14 00:00:48,715 --> 00:00:51,451 >>CHRISTY: So as the EVA task training lead, one of my big 15 00:00:51,451 --> 00:00:54,454 duties was to work together with the astronauts, for about two 16 00:00:54,454 --> 00:00:57,457 years, as well as my Goddard engineering colleagues, to 17 00:00:57,457 --> 00:00:59,993 develop tools, techniques, and procedures to train crews. But 18 00:00:59,993 --> 00:01:03,397 generically, from Johnson Space Center, I had to train the crew 19 00:01:03,397 --> 00:01:07,200 on how to work on mockups that simulated flight-like hardware 20 00:01:07,200 --> 00:01:10,871 on orbit. And there are various venues that we did that. So the 21 00:01:10,871 --> 00:01:13,507 neutral buoyancy tank is a giant swimming pool that’s 40 feet 22 00:01:13,507 --> 00:01:17,611 deep, 6.2 million gallons of water, and we can take mockups 23 00:01:17,611 --> 00:01:20,847 which are volumetric equivalents of space tools and science 24 00:01:20,847 --> 00:01:23,450 instruments on orbit, take them down under the water and put 25 00:01:23,450 --> 00:01:26,053 them in flight-like positions. “Volumetrically similar” meaning 26 00:01:26,053 --> 00:01:30,123 same size, screw positions are in the same location, um 27 00:01:30,123 --> 00:01:32,125 distances from point A to point B are the same as what you’ll 28 00:01:32,125 --> 00:01:35,195 see on the telescope. So in the neutral buoyancy tank we have a 29 00:01:35,195 --> 00:01:37,864 mockup of the Hubble Space Telescope, so it’s built out of 30 00:01:37,864 --> 00:01:39,933 different materials with holes in it you know because you don’t 31 00:01:39,933 --> 00:01:42,970 want a heavy metal object in the pool but in terms of distances 32 00:01:42,970 --> 00:01:46,707 to a science instrument, or like a hand rail sill those are all 33 00:01:46,707 --> 00:01:49,509 the same. >>JOHN: This particular mockup which means 34 00:01:49,509 --> 00:01:52,879 model of what we have on orbit on the Hubble, I actually had on 35 00:01:52,879 --> 00:01:56,850 my desk for a long time because I wanted to practice over and 36 00:01:56,850 --> 00:02:01,288 over and over again. My goal was to you know, memorize to learn 37 00:02:01,288 --> 00:02:04,391 every single screw of the hundreds of screws that we had 38 00:02:04,391 --> 00:02:07,094 to remove on Hubble, so that when I got to orbit there were 39 00:02:07,094 --> 00:02:10,697 no surprises. Same for how to use the tools, and how to turn 40 00:02:10,697 --> 00:02:15,235 the lights on, [TOOL WHIRRS] run the tool, change the torques, 41 00:02:15,235 --> 00:02:18,705 change the direction of the tool. All those things had to be 42 00:02:18,705 --> 00:02:22,042 second nature so when I got to orbit it was just about fixing 43 00:02:22,042 --> 00:02:25,412 the Hubble. Sometimes I would come to the Goddard Space Flight 44 00:02:25,412 --> 00:02:28,882 Center where we had the full mockup of the camera and I would 45 00:02:28,882 --> 00:02:32,386 put on EVA gloves, spacewalking gloves, and practice removing 46 00:02:32,386 --> 00:02:36,289 the screws and doing the whole task. >>CHRISTY: One thing about 47 00:02:36,289 --> 00:02:38,325 doing these tasks at Goddard, because they did have higher 48 00:02:38,325 --> 00:02:42,195 fidelity mockup units in the building 29 clean room was 49 00:02:42,195 --> 00:02:45,332 understanding, not only the tasks at hand, but what areas 50 00:02:45,332 --> 00:02:48,268 you can’t touch when you’re in a spacesuit. So in a higher 51 00:02:48,268 --> 00:02:51,471 fidelity volumetric simulator at Goddard for example, when John 52 00:02:51,471 --> 00:02:54,274 is performing the duties on this advanced camera for survey 53 00:02:54,274 --> 00:02:57,411 upgrade task he can look around inside the telescope and it 54 00:02:57,411 --> 00:03:00,380 looks more like what it’ll actually look like in space. As 55 00:03:00,380 --> 00:03:02,549 compared to the neutral buoyancy tank where you just see kind of 56 00:03:02,549 --> 00:03:04,951 a lot of plastic around you, and you can envision there are 57 00:03:04,951 --> 00:03:07,821 certain areas, like seals, and radiators that you’re not 58 00:03:07,821 --> 00:03:10,791 supposed to touch, and sharp edges, you learn- so you piece 59 00:03:10,791 --> 00:03:13,627 all those parts together. We also have the virtual reality 60 00:03:13,627 --> 00:03:16,063 lab. So the pool, you know the pool’s good for body 61 00:03:16,063 --> 00:03:18,999 positioning, and translating, and managing tools, but it’s not 62 00:03:18,999 --> 00:03:21,301 really good cause there’s drag in the water right? So you’re 63 00:03:21,301 --> 00:03:23,637 not really- you don’t really- you know you’re moving a mockup 64 00:03:23,637 --> 00:03:26,907 but you’re not really feeling what a 500 pound mass feels 65 00:03:26,907 --> 00:03:29,409 like. So we take that into the virtual reality lab where we 66 00:03:29,409 --> 00:03:32,112 have a mass simulator called Charlotte. And we can take the 67 00:03:32,112 --> 00:03:35,816 giant axial instruments that weigh what 800, 900 pounds? Or a 68 00:03:35,816 --> 00:03:39,286 battery. Put in all the mass specs into the simulator, and 69 00:03:39,286 --> 00:03:41,955 then the crew, like John, can stand there with a headset on 70 00:03:41,955 --> 00:03:44,758 that makes it look like he’s in space, holding handrails on a 71 00:03:44,758 --> 00:03:47,527 mockup and simulates what it would feel like to move an 800 72 00:03:47,527 --> 00:03:51,465 pound mass around an orbit. >>JOHN: All in all, the tools, 73 00:03:51,465 --> 00:03:55,035 the training, the mockups allowed us to repair and upgrade 74 00:03:55,035 --> 00:03:57,938 the Hubble Space Telescope so that now it’s doing better than 75 00:03:57,938 --> 00:03:58,872 ever. [UPBEAT MUSIC] 76 00:03:58,872 --> 00:04:01,975 [UPBEAT MUSIC] 77 00:04:01,975 --> 00:04:07,714 [SILENCE] 78 00:04:07,714 --> 00:04:09,916 >>CHRISTY: [LAUGHS] Ready, should I start? 79 00:04:09,916 --> 00:04:11,051 >>JOHN: Just don’t be late. >>CHRISTY: I know don’t be late. 80 00:04:11,051 --> 00:04:14,654 I hate when people are late by the way. Okay. Ready? 81 00:04:14,654 --> 00:04:21,228 [UPBEAT MUSIC] 82 00:04:21,228 --> 00:04:22,896 >>JOHN: Hi, I’m John. [LAUGHS] >>CHRISTY: Do I need to 83 00:04:22,896 --> 00:04:25,465 do this? [LAUGHTER] >>JOHN: Do it again, one more time. 84 00:04:25,465 --> 00:00:00,000 >>CHRISTY: Okay ready?