>>HI, WE'RE LIVE FROM GODDARD
SPACE FLIGHT CENTER.
TODAY WE'RE CELEBRATING 25 YEARS
OF HUBBLE SERVICING.
YOU MAY WONDER WHAT IT IS, IT'S
LIKE WHEN YOU TAKE YOUR CAR IN
TO GET THE OIL CHANGED OR FUEL
UP.
SOMETIMES SATELLITES IN SPACE
NEED HELP TOO.
WITH US TODAY, WE HAVE
ASTRONAUTS WHO WENT ON THE FIRST
SERVICING MISSION TO HUBBLE 25
YEARS AGO THIS WEEK, AND THEY'RE
ABOUT TO TELL YOU A LITTLE BIT
ABOUT THEIR EXPERIENCE.
SO HANG ON TIGHT.
>>GOOD MORNING.
I'M DR.KEN CARPENTER, THE
OPERATIONS PROJECTS SCIENTIST
FOR HUBBLE.
AT THE TIME OF THE SERVICING
MISSION, WHILE I WAS OPERATIONS
FOR THE GODDARD HIGH RESOLUTION
SPECTROGRAPH, I WAS ON THE
MISSION AS WELL, AND RELATIVELY
FRESH OPERATIONS SCIENTIST FOR
THE PROJECT OVERALL AT THAT
POINT.
WE HAVE HEARD WHAT THE
ATMOSPHERE WAS LIKE DURING THAT
TIME AND THE CHALLENGES FROM THE
MANY PREVIOUS SPEAKERS.
NOW WE WILL HEAR FROM THE PEOPLE
THAT ACTUALLY MADE IT HAPPEN IN
SPACE.
SN1 WAS LAUNCHED ON THE 2ND OF
DECEMBER, 199 3.
AND AS YOU KNOW, THE MISSION
RESTORED THE SPACE LABORATORY'S
OPTICAL PERFORMANCE, WITH THE
INSTALLATION OF 2.
AND THE FLIGHT ALSO INSTALLED
NEW GYROS AND SOLAR REYS ON THE
TELESCOPE.
THERE WERE SEVEN ASTRONAUTS ON
STS61.
COVEY-- TWO OF THESE BRAVE AND
AMAZING ASTRONAUTS ARE HERE WITH
US TODAY TO TELL US THEIR
EXPERIENCES IN ORBIT ON A
MISSION WHICH SAVED THE HUBBLE
SPACE TELESCOPE.
I'M GOING TO INTRODUCE BOTH OF
THEM.
AND THEY WILL GET INTO THEIR
FEATURES.
KATHERINE THORNAN EARNED HER
Ph.D FROM VIRGINIA AND BECAME
AN ASTRONAUT IN 1985.
SOFTWARE VERIFICATION AND THE
SHUTTLE AVIONICS INTEGRATION
LABORATORY.
SERVING AS A TEAM MEMBER OF THE
TEST TEAM AT KENNEDY AND
SPACECRAFT COMMUNICATOR.
CONTACTEE WAS A MISSION
SPECIALIST ON FOUR FLIGHTS.
FIRST THE DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE
CLASSIFIED MISSION, THE SECOND,
A MAIDEN VOYAGE OF SPACE SHUTTLE
ENDEAVOR AND HELPED REPAIR THE
INTEL AND EVALUATED SPACE
STATION ASSEMBLY TECHNIQUES.
ON HER FOURTH AND FINAL FLIGHT,
SHE SERVED AS THE PAYLOAD
COMMANDER ON THE GRAVITY
MISSION.
AND TODAY WE'RE CONCENTRATING ON
HER THIRD FLIGHT, IN WHICH
DR.THORNTON WAS A MISSION
SPECIALIST FOR THE SERVICING
MISSION.
SHE INSTALLED COSTAR, WHICH YOU
HEARD ABOUT EARLIER, AND BALL
LEI, ONE OF THE SOLAR RAYS.
EVERY TIME I HEAR THE BLUE
DANUBE, I SEE THAT SCENE TO THAT
MUSIC.
SHE HAS LOGGED OVER 175 HOURS IN
SPACE, INCLUDING 21 HOURS OF
ACTIVITY AND IS CURRENTLY A
PROFESSOR OF MECHANICAL AND
SPACE ENGINEERING AT THE
UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA.
JEFFREY HOFFMAN RECEIVED A PH
DID FROM HARVARD IN 1971 AND
BECAME AN ASTRONAUT IN 1979.
DURING THE PREPARATIONS DURING
THE SHUTTLE ORBIT TEST FLIGHTS,
HE WORKED IN THE LABORATORY IN
CALIFORNIA TESTING GUIDANCE
NAVIGATION AND CONTROL SYSTEMS.
HE SERVED AS A SUPPORT FOR STS5
AND STS8 IN'82.
JEFF IS A VETERAN OF SHUTTLE
FLIGHTS, AND HE MADE A WALK, AND
THE SECOND WAS THE ASTRO 1 UV
ASTRONOMY PACKAGE.
AND THE THIRD WAS ON STS46, WE
CARRIED OUT THE FIRST TEST
FLIGHT OF THE TETHERED SATELLITE
SYSTEM.
THE FOURTH FLIGHT WAS SM1, WHICH
HE CONDUCTED THREE.
AND HE DID ONE MORE FLIGHT AFTER
SM1, ON STS7 5, RETETHER OF THE
SATELLITE SYSTEM.
AND THE THIRD FLIGHT OF THE U.S.
GRAVITY PAYLOAD.
HE HAS LOGGED 21.5MILLIONMILES
IN SPACE.
HE'S CURRENTLY A PROFESSOR IN
THE DEPARTMENT OF AERONAUTICS AT
MIT AND IS THE AUTHOR OF A BOOK
ENTITLED ASTRONAUT'S DIARY.
PLEASE JOIN ME IN WELCOMING
DR.THORNTON AND HOFFMAN.
[ APPLAUSE ]
>>ARE WE LIVE?
GOOD.
YOU KNOW, JUST BEFORE WE STARTED
THE 25TH ANNIVERSARY, IT'S GREAT
TO COME HERE AND SEE OLD FRIENDS
AND COLLEAGUES, BUT WE'RE BOTH
PROFESSORS, SO I DON'T KNOW IF
YOU HAVE THE SAME SORT OF SHOCK
THAT I TO DO WHEN I TALK TO MY
STUDENTS NOW ABOUT HUBBLE AND
REALIZE HEY, THEY WEREN'T BORN
WHEN THEY DID THIS.
IT SORT OF MAKES US REMEMBER
WHERE WE ARE.
I THINK WHAT WE WOULD LIKE TO
DO, WE HAVE A FEW PICTURES, MOST
OF WHICH YOU'VE PROBABLY SEEN
BEFORE.
BUT TO TRY TO GIVE A SENSE OF
WHAT IT WAS LIKE BEING THE CREW
THAT WAS GOING TO GO UP AND DO
THIS, AND OF COURSE, AS A CREW,
WE'RE THE PEOPLE THAT THE PUBLIC
SEES MORE THAN ANYONE ELSE.
BUT WE'RE PROBABLY MORE AWARE
THAN ANY OF THE PUBLIC OF HOW
MANY PEOPLE WERE INVOLVED IN THE
SUCCESS OF THIS MISSION, AND
THAT'S WHY IT'S GREAT TO BE HERE
AND EVERYBODY HAS HAD THE CHANCE
TO REVIEW ALL OF THE INCREDIBLE
CONTRIBUTIONS THAT SO MANY
PEOPLE MADE.
SO YOU KNOW, WHEN WE STARTED
OUT, THIS WAS ONE THING THAT
MAYBE DIDN'T GET MENTIONED SO
MUCH, THAT HUBBLE-- A SERVICING
TELESCOPE, THERE WAS SO MUCH NEW
TECHNOLOGY INVOLVED.
THERE WERE A LOT OF PROBLEMS,
AND YOU KNOW, THERE WAS A LOT OF
CRITICISM OF HUBBLE, JUST LIKE
THIS IS NOW OF THE WEB
TELESCOPE, WHICH ALSO HAS SO
MUCH NEW TECHNOLOGY.
IT'S A LESSON THAT I DON'T KNOW
HOW YOU DEAL WITH CONGRESS AND
THE POLITICAL BUDGET PEOPLE,
KNOWING, WHEN YOU SET OUT ON
TRYING TO DO SOMETHING THAT'S SO
NEW AND SO COMPLICATE, ALMOST
CERTAINLY, YOU'RE GOING TO RUN
INTO PROBLEMS, BUT HOW DO YOU
PREPARE PEOPLE FOR THAT?
BUT ANYWAY, YOU KNOW, WE WERE
BOTH FLYING, SO WE WEREN'T
REALLY DIRECTLY INVOLVED WITH
HUBBLE IN THE EARLY DAYS.
BUT THAT'S ANOTHER THING THAT
YOU KNOW, WE HAVE TO REALIZE.
THERE WERE PEOPLE EVEN BEFORE
HUBBLE WAS LAUNCHED.
I MEAN BRUCE MC CANN, CATHY
SULLIVAN.
THEY SPENT A LOT OF TIME WORKING
ON WHAT THE PROCEDURES WOULD BE.
AND THEN OF COURSE THERE WAS THE
BIG SHOCK, AND AGAIN, WE WEREN'T
DIRECTLY INVOLVED IN ANY OF THIS
UNTIL WE GOT, YOU KNOW, PEOPLE
FIGURED OUT WHAT THE PROBLEMS
WERE AND HOW WE WERE GOING TO
FIX THEM.
AND THEN OF COURSE, WITHIN THE
ASTRONAUT OFFICE, WE, AS NASA
PEOPLE, HAVE TO BEAR THE BRUNT,
AS WELL AS ALL OF THE
ASTRONOMERS.
AND I WAS ORIGINALLY TRAIN AS AN
ASTRONOMER.
SO I KEPT GETTING MESSAGED FROM
ASTRONOMER FRIENDS TELLING ME
THAT THEY WERE EMBARRASSED WHEN
YOU GO AWAY IN THE SUMMER AND
PEOPLE WOULD-- YOU MEET NEW
PEOPLE, WHAT DO YOU DO FOR A
LIVING?
I DON'T WANT TO SAY I'M AN
ASTRONOMER.
BECAUSE SOMEHOW THEY HOLD YOU
RESPONSIBLE FOR HUBBLE.
WE ALL LIVED THROUGH THAT
TOGETHER.
BUT ONCE WE WERE GETTING READY,
THIS WAS THE BIG QUESTION AROUND
THE ASTRONAUT OFFICE, AND
BECAUSE IT WAS SO CRITICAL TO
ANYTHING YOU COULD THINK OF THAT
WOULD REDUCE THE RISK OF
FAILURE, NASA WAS READY TO DO.
SO THEY MADE THIS DECISION.
THIS WAS FOR THE FIRST SERVICING
POLICE THAT WAS RELAXED LATER
ON.
BUT I'LL TELL MY STORY, AND THEN
YOU CAN TAKE IT.
BUT AS WAS MENTIONED ON MY FIRST
FLIGHT, IT WAS NOT AN EBA
FLIGHT.
WE WERE JUST DEPLOYING TWO
SATELLITES.
I ALWAYS REMEMBER, AS WE GOT OUT
OF THE WATER TANK BEFORE THIS
WAS THE LAST EVA TRAINING
SESSION BEFORE OUR FLIGHT, IT
WAS A JOKE.
I SAID TO ALL OF THE TECHNICIANS
AROUND, I SAID WELL, GUYS, IF WE
ACTUALLY GET TO DO AN EBA,
THERE'S A BEER PARTY AT THE
OUTPOST ON US.
AND SURE ENOUGH, ONE OF THE
SATELLITES DIDN'T TURN OFF AND
THEY SENT US UP TO THE TEST
FLIGHT TO THE END OF THE ARM,
USING THE SAME STRAPPING TOOL.
AND PEOPLE AND WHAT IS MY
FAVORITE TOOL, AND YOU HEARD
ABOUT THE STRAPPING TOOL FOR
CLOSING THE DOOR AND IT'S THE
SAME THING.
NO QUESTION, IT'S MY FAVORITE
TOOL.
AND WE DID GET THE BEER PARTY
WHEN WE CAME BACK.
IT WAS WELL WORTH IT.
AND THE CRITICAL THING, I HAD MY
EBA UNION CARD, SO YOU HAD YOUR
OWN EBA EXPERIENCE.
>> I WAS ON THE FIRST FLIGHT OF
ENDEAVOR WHEN WE WENT OUT TO
CAPTURE THAT SATELLITE,
STRAPPING THE BOOSTER MOTOR ON
AND SENDING IT ON ITS WAY.
AND THAT ONE IS MEMORABLE AND
REMARKABLE FOR ALL OF THE THINS
THAT WENT WRONG BEFORE WE
FINALLY SUCCESSFULLY DID GET IT
DEPLOYED.
AND THAT SATELLITE, THIS WAS IN
MAY OF 92, AND THAT SATELLITE
CARRIED THE OLYMPICS FROM
BARCELONA THAT SAME SUMMER.
WE DID THE FIRST AND ONLY
THREE-PERSON EBA, SENDING THE
GUYS OUT THERE TO CAPTURE IT
WITH THEIR HANDS BECAUSE THE BAR
DIDN'T WORK.
AND IT WAS SUCCESSFUL BUT IT WAS
CONSIDERED TO BE-- WE WERE
CALLED THE COWBOY EBA CREW
BECAUSE WE DID THINGS SOMEWHAT
UNCONVENTIONAL.
AND NUMBER ONE, NASA DETERMINED
THAT THEY WERE NOT GOING TO HAVE
ANY COWBOYS, AND THEY WANTED
ONLY EXPERIENCED EBA CREW
MEMBERS ON T WELL, AS IT TURNED
OUT, THE EBA EXPERIENCE WAS KIND
OF THIN AT THAT TIME.
SO THEY GOT ME AND TOM ACRES
FROM THE COWBOY EBA GROUP ON THE
MISSION.
>>I LOVE THIS PICTURE, WE
LOOKED SO YOUNG.
>> ZERO GRAVITY HELPS THAT A
LOT.
>> MUCH BETTER WITH BOTOX.
FOUR OF US WITH MUSTACHES.
>> AND ME.
>> WE DIDN'T GIVE CATHY ANY
GRIEF.
BUT IN ANY CASE, YOU KNOW, A
TREMENDOUS AMOUNT OF TIME
TRAINING.
YOU KNOW, CLAUDE, WHO WAS A
EUROPEAN ASTRONAUT.
AND OF COURSE THE EUROPEANS HAD
CONTRIBUTED TO HUBBLE, AND IT
WAS GREAT.
AND CLAUDE HAD FLOWN WITH ME ON
MY THIRD FLIGHT.
HIS FIRST FLIGHT.
AND HE HAD OPERATED THE ARM FOR
THE DEPLOYMENT OF EUREKA.
AND HE DID IT WITH CAN THE
PRECISION OF A SWISS WATCH
MAKER, AND IT WAS GREAT TO HAVE
HIM ON THE FLIGHT.
AND WE ACTUALLY INTRODUCED
VIRTUAL REALITY AS A TRAINING
TOOL FOR THE FIRST TIME.
IT WAS PRETTY CLUNKY AND IT ONLY
UPDATED ONCE A SECOND.
SO YOU HAD TO MOVE REALLY SLOWLY
AS YOU MOVED AROUND.
BUT YOU MOVE PRETTY SLOWLY WHEN
YOU'RE OUT DOING EBA.
FOR THE SPACEWALKERS, OF COURSE
THE MAIN WORK GOES ON
UNDERWATER.
WE WERE KIND OF UNIQUE HERE,
BECAUSE WE DID OUR-- MOST OF
OUR EBA TRAINING AT THE NATIONAL
SPACE FLIGHT CENTER.
BECAUSE THEY HAD A REALLY DEEP
POOL.
AND THE NEUTRAL BUOYANCY
FACILITY HAD NOT YET BEEN BUILT
AT JOHNSON, SO IT WAS REALLY
UNIQUE.
YOU REMEMBER, WE WOULD BE AWAY
FOR A LONG TIME.
AND INSTEAD OF TRAINING IN
HOUSTON AND GOING HOME EVERY
NIGHT, WE WERE STAYING AT THE
RESIN, AND WE WOULD GET UP EVERY
MORNING AND HAVE BREAKFAST
AROUND THE TABLE WITH OUR
TRAINERS, AND THEY WOULD HAVE
THE HUBBLE MODELS, AND WE WOULD
GO THROUGH IN GREAT DETAIL THIS
IS WHAT WE'RE GOING TO DO TODAY
AND THIS IS WHAT WE'RE GOING TO
LEARN AND WE WERE INVESTIGATING
AND THEN WE WOULD DO THE WATER
RUN, AND THE TWO OF US WHO WERE
NOT IN SPACE GEAR, WE WOULD
USUALLY SCUBA FOR PART OF IT.
AND THEN AFTERWARDS, WE WOULD
SIT AROUND AND HAVE A DEBRIEF.
AND THEN WE WOULD ALL GO TO THE
GYM AND HAVE DINNER, AND WE
WOULD SIT AROUND IN THE HOT TUB
AND TALK ABOUT WHAT WE WERE
GOING TO DO THE NEXT DAY.
>>WE WERE SPEAKING IN ACRONYMS.
>> AND IT DID BUILDUP A TEAM,
AND I'M NOT SAYING THAT IT WAS
PLEASANT BEING AWAY FROM THE
FAMILIES FOR ALL OF THAT TIME.
BUT IT WAS CERTAINLY-- IT WAS
THE FIRST MISSION, AND WE KNEW
HOW UNIQUE AND IMPORTANT IT WAS.
YEAH, YOU'VE ALL SEEN THIS.
THE PRACTICING ON THE-- JUST
HOW TO GET YOURSELF IN JUST THE
RIGHT POSITION.
THE STORY REFERRED TO WHAT WE
WERE DOING AS CHOREOGRAPHY.
WHICH WE KIND OF LIKED THAT
IDEA.
JUST TO BE ONE OR TWO INCHES IN
A DIFFERENT POSITION, SO YOU
CAN'T REACH WHAT YOU GET TO,
BECAUSE IT MAKES ALL THE
DIFFERENCE.
THE HARDWARE, SO WE SPENT A LOT
OF TIME UP HERE AT GODDARD.
YOU KNOW, THIS WAS HUBBLE.
AND ONE OF THE INCREDIBLE THINGS
WORKING ON IT WAS, EVERYBODY WAS
WORKING IN THE SAME DIRECTION.
I KNOW I HAD HAD THE EXPERIENCE
WITH MARSHALL AND JOHNSON, THERE
WERE ALWAYS CERTAIN CONFLICTS.
I DON'T KNOW ABOUT YOUR
EXPERIENCE.
BUT HERE, EVERYBODY, WHATEVER IT
TOOK, YOU KNOW, WE HAVE HEARD
ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE NEW
TOOLS.
WE CAN BE IN THE WATER TANK, IF
MY WRENCH HAD INSTEAD OF A
10-DEGREE BEND, A 20-DEGREE
BEND, I CAN SAVE A LITTLE TIME
AND HAVE EASIER ACCESS AND NEXT
WEEK, SURE ENOUGH, YOU HAVE A
NEW TOOL.
AND IT WAS PHENOMENAL.
AND EVERYTHING HERE.
REMEMBER?
EVERY TOOL WE HAD, WE HAD TO
TEST ON EVERY BOLT.
>> AND WE WORKED IN THE WATER
TANKS, AND THINGS DIDN'T GO AS
SMOOTHLY AS REAL LIFE.
AND AND EVEN IN THE,, YOU HAD TO
PUT A LOT OF EFFORT BEHIND IT.
AND IT WAS GOING TO BE REAL.
AND WE CAME UP HERE AND DID
CHECKS, AND WE WATCHED THE
INSTRUMENTS BE PUT INTO THE HIGH
FIDELITY SIMULATOR.
BUT THEY WERE ON CRANES, AND
THEY'RE NOT GOING TO FLOAT HERE.
SO IN PARTICULAR, THE HIGH
FIDELITY SIMULATOR HERE.
WE HAD THE CHANCE TO GET
EVERYTHING.
>> DO YOU REMEMBER, THE FIRST
TIME WE PUT THE PICK IN, IT
SUSPENDED AND WE'RE PUSHING IT
IN.
AND IT GOT ABOUT HALFWAY IN, AND
IT WOULDN'T GO ANY FURTHER.
THEY TOOK IT OUT AND TURNED OUT
THAT THE THERMAL COVERING ON IT,
THE CAP TIME, THE WICK PICK WAS
SORT OF LIKE THAT.
AND THEY HAD PUT THE COVERING ON
A DIAGONAL.
AND THAT'S WHY IT WOULDN'T FIT
IN.
AND THEY WENT BACK AND SURE
FLUFF, IT TURNED OUT THAT WICK
PICK 1 HAD HAD THAT SAME
PROBLEM, BECAUSE THAT'S THE WAY
THE DRAWING HAD BEEN, SO THEY
FIXED WICK PICK ONE, BUT THEY
DIDN'T CHANGE THE DRAWING.
>>A COSTAR,.
>>WE DON'T KNOW THAT IT'S 1G.
AND IT WAS SUPPOSED TO BE A
RECESS BOLT.
BUT EVERYONE SAID THEY BUILT A
HIGH FIDELITY SIMULATOR THE SIM
SPECKS AS THE TELESCOPE.
AND WHEN YOU TAKE OUT THE
PHOTOMETER, YOU CAN SEE THAT THE
BOLT WAS RECESSED.
BUT WHEN YOU THINK ABOUT IT,
NEITHER THE LIFT PICK OR THE
BOLT WE WANT INTO THE HIGH
FIDELITY SIMULATOR THE FIRST
TIME WE WENT TO INSTALL THEM.
AND THE OTHER THING, REMEMBER WE
HAD OUR HELMETS WE WANTED TO SEE
WHAT WE WOULD LIKE LIKE AT
NIGHT.
HOW MUCH VISIBILITY WE WOULD
HAVE AT NIGHT.
SO COW TURN OUT THE LIGHTS?
OH, NO, YOU CAN'T POSSIBLY DO
THAT, MUCH TOO DANGEROUS, BUT
THIS WAS HUBBLE, AND THEY DID
IT.
AND IT WAS LITTLE THINGS LIKE
THAT.
THE OTHER THING THAT I REMEMBER,
FROM ONE OF OUR TRIPS UP HERE TO
GODDARD, WE GOT A MESSAGE WE
WERE TO GO DOWN TO NASA
HEADQUARTERS TO MEET WITH STAN
GOLDEN.
REMEMBER THAT?
THERE WERE THE SEVEN OF US, IN
HIS OFFICE, FACING HIM BEHIND
HIS DESK, AND HE JUST LOOKED AT
US AND SAID, I HOPE YOU REALIZE
THAT THE FUTURE OF NASA'S HUMAN
SPACE FLIGHT PROGRAM DEPENDS ON
THE SUCCESS OF YOUR MISSION, SO
NO PRESSURE.
>>RIGHT.
>> PEOPLE SORT OF ASK IF WE--
HOW DID YOU FEEL ABOUT IT?
>> I FELT WE AS A CREW WERE
SHIELDED BY MIDDLETON AND OTHER
FOLKS FROM A LOT OF THE
INDEPENDENT REVIEWS AND THINGS
GOING ON OUTSIDE OF OUR TRAINING
AND WE WERE LARGELY LEFT
ALONE-- I FELT WE WERE-- TO
TRAIN AND DO WHAT WE NEEDED TO
DO TO ACCOMPLISH THE MISSION.
>> THAT'S THE THING.
THE FIRST THING THAT ANY OF
THESE INDEPENDENT REVIEWS WOULD
WANT TO DO, WE HAVE TO GO TALK
WITH THE CREW, AND AFTER THE
FIRST TWO OR THREE, WE'RE JUST
GOING TO TAKE TOO MUCH TIME.
SO WE WERE PRETTY WELL SHIELDED.
LET'S MOVE ALONG.
SO YEAH, THIS IS THAT EXCITING
MOMENT, AND NORMALLY, PLANES ARE
NOT ALLOWED TO FLY OVER THE
LAUNCH PAD, BUT THEY ALWAYS MAKE
AN EXCEPTION WHEN THE ASTRONAUTS
COME DOWN IN THE T38s.
THEY LOVE TO SEE THEM CIRCLE
AROUND THE LAUNCH PAD.
SO WE DID TRY ON THE 1ST OF
DECEMBER, BUT THE WINDS WERE TOO
HIGH.
THERE WAS A TOTAL ECLIPSE OF THE
MOON.
I'M AN ASTRONOMER, I PAY
ATTENTION.
>>WHAT'S THAT THING UP THERE?
[ LAUGHTER ]
>>SO WHETHER THAT WAS A BAD
OMEN FOR THE 1ST OF DECEMBER, OR
A GOOD OMEN FOR THE SUCCESS OF
OUR MISSION, WHO KNOWS?
BUT WE DID GO UP AND YEAH, I
MEAN WE WERE-- WE HAD ALL BEEN
IN SPACE BEFORE.
AND SO WE COULD REALLY GET RIGHT
TO WORK.
WE KNEW WHAT WE WERE DOING.
>> THERE'S ONE MOMENT THAT I
REMEMBER VIVIDLY, AND THAT'S
WHEN WE WERE IN QUARANTINE IN
HOUSTON, JUST BEFORE WE LEFT.
WE WERE ON A SPLIT SHIFT.
SO I GOT UP LIKE 2:00 IN THE
MORNING WITH THE WAKE-UP, AND WE
WENT OUTSIDE AT 3:00 IN THE
MORNING AND WATCHED HUBBLE FLY
OVER.
AND THOUGHT IN THREE DAYS, WE'RE
GOING TO BE RIGHT THERE.
>>WELL, THE OTHER STORY ABOUT
WHAT, WHEN WE WERE WAITING, WE
WERE IN THE SHUTTLE BUT ALL OF
THE SPECTATORS WERE WAITING, AND
MY BROTHER TOLD ME ABOUT THIS.
HE SAID SHORTLY BEFORE I
LAUNCHED, THEY ALL SAW HUBBLE
FLY OVER, AND THAT GAVE THEM A
GOOD FEELING BECAUSE THEY
FIGURED THAT NASA KNEW WHAT THEY
WERE DOING, BUT WE HAD FOUR
SPACESUITS.
BECAUSE WE WERE ALL DIFFERENT
SIZES, AND SO THE AIRLOCK WAS
PRETTY CRAMMED UP.
WE TALKED A LOT ABOUT TOOLS, AND
THE TOOLS JUST ABSOLUTELY
EXTRAORDINARY.
AND YOU HEARD THE STORY ABOUT
HOW NOT TOO MANY MONTHS BEFORE
THE FLIGHT, WE HAD THE IDEA, YOU
KNOW, INSTEAD OF HAVING TO GO
OUT TO THE AFT OF THE SHUTTLE,
LOAD UP WITH THE TOOLS, DO OUR
WORK, GO BACK AND PUT THE TOOLS
IN THE TOOL CHEST AND COME BACK
IN, WOULDN'T IT BE EASIER IF WE
HAD ALL OF THE TOOLS INSIDE?
AND NORMALLY, THE RESPONSE WOULD
HAVE BEEN NO WAY.
WE HAVE DONE THE WEIGHT AND
BALANCE, AND EVERYTHING IS
CHECKED AND WE CAN'T, ALL OF THE
DRAWINGS ARE DONE, BUT AGAIN,
THIS WAS HUBBLE, AND DARNED IF
THEY DIDN'T DO IT.
AND THE FIRST DAY WHEN THEY
COULDN'T GET THE DOORS CLOSED,
THAT REALLY MADE THE DIFFERENCE,
BECAUSE WE WERE OUT OVER EIGHT
HOURS, AND I KNOW MY ELECTRICAL
POWER WAS STARTING TO GO OFF THE
CURVE.
>> THE ONE THING WE MADE SURE IS
EVERY TOOL THAT WAS INSIDE OF
THE CREW MODULE THAT WE WOULD
NEED WAS MOVED INTO THE AIRLOCK
BEFORE WE COMPRESSED IT.
SO WE HAD ACCESS TO EVERY TOOL.
IT WAS CROWDED IN THE AIRLOCK,
BUT WE MADE SURE THAT WAS THE
CASE EVERY SINGLE DAY.
>>OF COURSE EVERY ONE OF THE
TOOLS HAS TO BE TETHERED, AND
LEARNING TO DO THAT WAS THE
DIFFERENCE, TAKING CARE OF OUR
SUITS, I GUESS YOU HAD ALREADY
BEEN TRAINED ON MULTIPLE EBAs,
AND THERE WERE A LOT OF SPECIAL
PROCEDURES WHEN YOU HAVE TO USE
YOUR SPACESUITS MORE THAN ONCE
ON A MISSION, AND THE OTHER
THING, THEY WERE VERY INTERESTED
IN-- IT HAD BEEN DETERMINED
THAT DOING FIVE EBAs IN A ROW
WAS TOO MUCH FOR JUST A NORMAL
TWO-PERSON CREW, AND THAT'S WHY
THERE WERE FOUR OF US IN TWO-EBA
CREWS, BUT THE EBAs WERE SO
WELL DESIGNED.
AND THE TASKS THAT WE HAD TO DO.
I FELT PROBABLY AT THE END OF
EVERY EBA, IF I HAD TO GO OUT
THE NEXT DAY, WE ALL FELT THAT
WAY.
>>DID I MENTION THAT STORY WAS
ANXIOUS TO GET OUT EARLY THE
FIRST DAY, AND WE DID EVERY DAY.
BECAUSE AS DESIGNED, WE WOULD
HAVE BEEN IF GOING EBA DURING
THE TIME THE SHUTTLE PASSED
THROUGH THE ANOMALY, WHICH WOULD
HAVE INCREASED OUR RADIATION
EXPOSURE SIGNIFICANTLY, SO EVERY
DAY WE GOT OUT EARLIER THAN THE
FLIGHT PLAN CALLED FOR, WHICH
DROVE THEM CRAZY, BECAUSE THEY
HAD TO PLAN ALL OF THE MANEUVERS
AS WE WERE LEAVING BUT WE DID
MANAGE TO GET BACK IN BEFORE WE
PASS THROUGH THE ANOMALY.
THE CREWS WHO WERE NOT GOING
THROUGH THE EBA DID EVERYTHING
IN THE MORNING, SO THE CREW ONLY
HAD TO GET UP AND EAT AND GET
DRESSED AND CLIMB INTO THE SUITS
PREPARED FOR THEM.
NO ONE ELSE HAD THE CHANCE TO
EVEN EAT.
SO WE WERE DOING THAT, AND IT
OVER THE FIVE DAYS, THE CREW
DIDN'T TAKE CARE OF OURSELVES
VERY WELL BECAUSE WE WERE
FOCUSED ON THE TIMELINE OF
GETTING THINGS DONE.
WE DID REST A LITTLE BIT AFTER
WE GOT DEPLOYED.
A DAY TO RECOUP BEFORE WE WERE
ORBITED BUT IT WAS A TOUGH TIME
FOR EVERYBODY.
>>I'LL TAKE EXCEPTION,
ESPECIALLY BREAKFAST.
I ALWAYS ATE A BIG BREAKFAST,
AND I KNEW I WAS NOT GOING TO
GET ANYTHING TO EAT FOR THE NEXT
EIGHT HOURS, SO I ALWAYS MADE
SURE THAT I GOT A GOOD
BREAKFAST.
AS CATHY MENTIONED, RADIATION,
HUBBLE IS HIGHER THAN ANY OTHER
SHUTTLE ORBIT.
SO WE WERE SORT OF SCRAPING THE
INNER EDGE OF THE RADIATION
BELT.
AND IT WAS PREDICTED WE WERE
GOING TO GET ABOUT TEN TIMES THE
NORMAL DOSE, WHICH IS STILL
NOTHING TO GET CONCERNED ABOUT.
BUT THEY DID HAVE US WEAR
SPECIAL RADIATION MONITORS IN
VARIOUS PLACES IN OUR BODY SO
THEY COULD GET A BETTER SENSE OF
WHAT THE DOSAGE REALLY WAS.
AND THEN TYPICAL PROCESS OF
GOING IN.
IN THE EARLY DAYS OF EBA, WE
ONLY WORE THE LIQUID COOLING
GARMENTS, AND WE KNEW WE WERE
GOING TO GET COLD, BUT WE WORE
UNDERNEATH THAT, WE WORE UNDER
WEAR LIKE YOU WOULD WHEN YOU GO
SKIING, THE OUTSIDE IS PURE
OXYGEN, SO FLAMMABILITY IS A
CONCERN.
AND GETTING THE SUITS, IT'S KIND
OF A SQUEEZE.
YOU GET SOME SENSE THERE OF HOW
MANY TOOLS WE HAD TO CARRY OUT.
AND OF COURSE YOU HAVE TO DO A
PRE BREATHE OF PURE OXYGEN FOR
40 MINUTES BEFORE YOU CAN
DEPRESS YOUR SUIT.
AND THEN-- THE MOVIE WAS
SUPPOSED TO START AUTOMATICALLY.
I DON'T THINK THAT WE'LL SHOW
THE ENTIRE MOVIE IN THE INTEREST
OF TIME.
BUT JUST MAYBE TAKE US THROUGH
THE FIRST TWO EBAs, SO BOTH OF
US-- THE GRAPHICS GET MORE AND
MORE FANCY, BUT YEAH, ANYWAY,
4A.M. LAUNCH, IT'S LIKE
WATCHING AN ARTIFICIAL SUNRISE.
AND THAT'S THE EARTH FROM
600-KILOMETER.
STARTING RIGHT AWAY.
CATHY WAS HAVING A BAD HAIR DAY.
>> EVERY DAY.
THE STORY AS WELL.
>> POWER TOOLS OF COURSE WERE
ABSOLUTELY CRITICAL.
THE PILOT AND COMMANDER, THEY
HAVE TO DO THE RENDEZVOUS, FIND
HUBBLE, CAPTURE IT.
IT'S REALLY EXCITING WHEN YOU
FIRST SEE IT AS A POINT OF
LIGHT.
AND THEN IT GETS BIGGER AND
BIGGER AND THEN CLAUDE DOES HIS
STUFF.
AND OF COURSE WE DIDN'T HAVE THE
HD CAMERAS THAT THEY TAKE UP
NOWADAYS, SO THIS WAS ALL
OLD-FASHIONED RESOLUTION.
BUT GETTING EVERYTHING READY,
AND THEN AT THIS POINT, IT SORT
OF HITS YOU AND ALL OF THAT
PREPARATION, AND NOW THE VERY
THE VERY FIRST, ACTUALLY CHANGED
THE PROCEDURE THAT HAD BEEN
ABANDONED FOR DOING THE GYROS,
WHERE INSTEAD OF HAVING TO
REMOVE THE SUN SHADES, WHICH
WOULD HAVE TAKEN A LOT MORE
TIME, I SORT OF INSERTED THE
STORY UNDERNEATH.
AND I WOULD LOOSEN THE BOLTS,
AND HE WOULD REMOVE THE PACKAGE,
AND HAND IT TO ME AND I WOULD
PUT IT IN PLACE, PUT THE BOLTS
ON.
AND THEN WHEN WE WERE ALL
FINISHED AND REMEMBER, HE CAN'T
SEE WHAT'S BEHIND HIM.
ALL OF THIS COMPLEX MACHINERY,
AND NONE OF US WANT TO BE KNOWN
AS SOMEONE WHO BROKE SOMETHING
ON HUBBLE THAT WASN'T ALREADY
BROKEN, THAT WOULD BE A BAD
DEAL.
AND THE THERMAL ENCLOSURES, THIS
IS PUTTING THE OLD GYRO PACKAGES
BACK.
>> WE ALL CROSS-TRAIN, AND
DURING THE NIGHT--
>>THIS IS THE DOOR PROBLEM, BY
THE WAY.
WE'LL TALK ABOUT THAT IN DETAIL
MAYBE THIS AFTERNOON.
>> IF THE TEAM HAS DECIDED TO
RESCHEDULE THE EVENTS FOR THE
NEXT DAY, AND SAY WE'RE NOT
DOING SOLAR THE NEXT DAY, WE'RE
DOING SOMETHING ELSE.
AND WE ARE PREPARED TO DO ALL OF
THIS.
>>YEAH, I JUST-- MILT
DESCRIBED HIS FEELING WHEN HE
SAID THE DOORS WOULDN'T CLOSE,
AND MY TWO SONS SAID JEFF, YOU
HAVE A REAL OPPORTUNITY.
>> SO YOU JUST SAW THE FIRST
SOLAR RAY, AND THIS IS THE
SECOND ONE.
AND AS SOON AS COVEY SAW THE
BLANKETS GO SLACK, HE STOPPED
THE RETRACTION, BECAUSE THERE
WAS A KINK THAT WOULDN'T LET IT
ROLL UP, SO TOM AND I KNEW
BEFORE WE WENT OUT THAT
AFTERNOON, WE WERE GOING TO BE
JETTISONING THAT SOLAR RAY.
>> THAT WAS IN THE PLAN.
>>WE KNEW FOR CERTAIN IT WAS
GOING TO HAPPEN.
SO WE DISCONNECTED THE SOLAR RAY
IN DARKNESS, BECAUSE OF THE
CONNECTION, AND WE HAD TO
RELEASE IT IN LIGHT.
I DID TAKE THE TETHER OFF, SO WE
WOULDN'T BE TIED TO T I JUST
RELEASED IT.
I DIDN'T PUSH IT OFF.
I JUST LET IT GO, AND BACKED
AWAY FROM IT, AND YOU COULD SEE
WHEN THEY FIRED THE JETS TO MOVE
US AWAY FROM IT, IT PINGED ON
THE RAY.
AND IT WAS INCREDIBLE.
>>WE WERE MESMERIZED.
AND I REMEMBER FINALLY TOM
CALLED UP FROM THE CARGO BAY AND
SAID AREN'T WE SUPPOSED TO BE
DOING USEFUL WORK?
OH, YEAH.
>> SO WE INSTALLED ONE OF THE
SOLAR RAISE, ONE OF THE
CONNECTIONS WE DROVE BY HAND AND
IT WAS SO INCREDIBLE, WE DIDN'T
CROSS THREAD IT AND KILL THE
TELESCOPE.
>>THIS IS THE FIRST OF THE
OPTICAL CONNECTIONS PUTTING IN
THE WHIFF PICK, AND FOR ALL OF
THE POTENTIAL POTENTIAL PROBLEMS
THAT WE WERE PREPARED FOR, WE
HAD THE FEW SNAGS, AND AGAIN, IF
WE HAVE THE CHANCE AGAIN, WE'LL
BE TALKING ABOUT THE SCREW CHASE
ON THE FINAL EBA, BUT BRINGING
THIS UP, WE'LL STOP IT.
>>I WOULD BET MONEY THAT AT
LEAST ONE OF THESE INSTRUMENTS
WOULD HAVE GONE IN ON THE FIRST
ATTEMPT.
AND WE WOULD BE DOING SOME
McGYVERING UP THERE TO MAKE IT
WORK.
>> WE HAVE HAMMERS AND WHATEVER
IT TAKES, WE WERE READY.
AND I ACTUALLY HAD HAD A CALL
FROM SOMEONE I WON'T NAME.
BUT HIGH UP IN THE SPACE
TELESCOPE SCIENCE INSTITUTE, A
FELLOW ASTRONOMER, TELLING ME,
IF YOU CAN ONLY GET IN WITH
WHIFF PICK OR COSTAR, IT WILL BE
A SUCCESS, BUT DON'T TELL ANYONE
I SAID THAT.
AND WE DID IT AND WE DID BOTH.
AND THEN THE SIMPLE
MAGNETOMETERS, THEY'RE NOT GOING
TO FAIL.
AND BOTH FAILED.
AND WE HAD TO PUT NEW ONES ON
TOP OF THE OLD ONES, AND
DISCONNECT THE OLD WIRING AND
WIRE UP THE NEW ONES, AND NOW
CATHY AND TOM ARE GOING TO
COMPLETE THE OPTICAL REPAIRS.
>> THIS IS EBA DAY FOUR, AND
WHEN I CAME IN WITH DAY WORKS I
CAME IN WITH AN EAR BLOCK, SO I
WAS ON INJURY RESERVE THE NEXT
DAY, AND THEY LET ME GO OUT.
TOM IS INSIDE OF THE TELESCOPE,
AND HE'S DIRECTING MOSTLY CLAUDE
AND ALSO ME ON HOW TO HOLD IT
AND UP, DOWN, RIGHT, LEFT TO GET
IT IN.
>> AND IT'S A TIGHT FIT.
>>IT JUST FLOATED IN.
I DIDN'T HAVE TO DO ANYTHING TO
T I JUST PUT MY HANDS ON IT, AND
IT WANTED TO GO IN.
STRAIGHT IN THERE.
AND THEN TOM LOCKED IT DOWN.
AND WE ALSO PUT MEMORY ON THE
COMPUTERS, AND CATS AND DOGS,
SMALL THINGS WE DID WHEN WE WERE
UP THERE.
>>AFTER INSTALLING WHIFF PICK,
YOU DON'T GET TOO MUCH TIME OUT
THERE, BUT WE HAD ENOUGH TIME
THAT I ASKED CLAUDE TO FLY ME
OUT OVER THE WING, AND THEY HAD
LET US TAKE ONE OF THE APOLLO
HASSLE-- JUST TO TAKE OUTSIDE
AND SHARE WITH PEOPLE WHAT IT
LOOKED LIKE TO BE OUTSIDE
SERVICING HUBBLE.
SO YOU CAN SEE IT OUTSIDE, AND
IT'S A REAL WIDE ANGLE CAMERA.
THE EARTH IS NOT FLAT, BELIEVE
ME.
>> AND THE OR BITTER IS NOT
SHAPED LIKE A BANANA.
>> RIGHT.
NORMALLY, WE TALK ABOUT GOING
AROUND EVERY 90 MINUTES, 16
ORBITS A DAY, BUT WE WENT AROUND
EVERY HAD 95 MINUTES BECAUSE OF
KEPLER'S LAWS, AND THEY REALLY
WORKED, 15 ORBITS A DAY, BUT
STILL, EVERY ONCE IN A WHILE,
IT'S SO BEAUTIFUL UP THERE, AND
I DON'T KNOW IF THIS IS A
SUNRISE OR SUNSET.
BUT YOU HAVE TO SMELL THE ROSES,
BUT YOU COULDN'T SMELL ANYTHING,
BUT JUST WATCH SOME OF THE
BEAUTY UP THERE.
AND THAT'S KIND OF THE IMAGE
THAT-- HUBBLE IS BIG, AND
PARTICULARLY WHEN YOU SEE IT
FROM THE BOTTOM.
AND YOU KNOW, WHEN STORY AND I
GOT TO GO UP TO THE VERY TOP OF
THE TELESCOPE, 50FEET MAY NOT
SOUND LIKE A LONG WAY FROM THE
ORBITER, BUT IT SURE FELT THAT
WAY.
NOT WHERE YOU WANT TO BE IF YOU
HAVE A SENSE OF VERTIGO.
IT'S A LONG WAY DOWN.
JUST EXTRAORDINARY EXPERIENCES
THAT I THINK NONE OF US WILL
FORGET FOR THE REST OF OUR
LIVES.
AND--
>>WE CALLED THIS OUR FINISHED
JEWEL.
IT SAT IN THE CARGO BAY FOR A
DAY OR MORE BEFORE WE DEPLOYED T
WE WOULD GO OUT THE FLIGHT DECK
AND STARE OUT THE BACK WINDOW AT
IT.
>> THE OTHER THING THAT I'LL
SHARE, WHEN THEY DISCOVERED THE
PICTURES WERE COMING BACK AND
WERE WORKING, WE DIDN'T KNOW
THAT.
BUT I'LL NEVER FORGET, NO PUBLIC
ANNOUNCEMENTS HAD BEEN MADE BUT
WE WERE COMING BACK FROM A PARTY
AT 4:00 IN THE MORNING, AND IT
WAS AN OLD ASTRONOMER FRIEND
FROM THE HUBBLE TELESCOPE.
AND AFTERWARDS, WE WERE WISHING
EACH OTHER A HAPPY NEW YEAR, AND
HE SAID JEFF, DO YOU HAVE ANY
CHAMPAGNE?
AND I SAID YES, THERE'S SOME IN
THE REFRIGERATOR.
AND HE SAID I DON'T WANT TO TELL
ANYBODY, BUT A CERTAIN
POLITICIAN IS GOING TO MAKE
ANNOUNCEMENT BUT THE CREW SHOULD
KNOW WE HAVE THE PICTURES BACK,
AND IT WORKS, AND OF COURSE WE
ALL KNEW, BUT THAT WAS THE--
BECAUSE WE OF COURSE KNEW THAT
WE HAD GONE UP AND DONE OUR JOB.
AND MANY PEOPLE HAD FELT THIS
WAS SUCH A COMPLEX MISSION
THAT-- I MEAN, AT ONE POINT,
THEY WERE TALKING ABOUT THEY
SHOULD SPLIT INTO TWO MISSIONS
BECAUSE THERE WERE SO MANY
THINGS THEY HAD TO DO.
BUT WE KNEW THAT EVERYTHING WE
HAD DONE WORKED, AND WOULD THE
OPTICS ACTUALLY WORK?
SO THE REST, AS THEY SAY, IS
HISTORY.
IT'S SOMETHING THAT I THINK I
LOOK BACK ON, BOTH AS AN
ASTRONOMER AND AN ASTRONAUT, OF
BEING ABLE TO PUT MY TWO HANDS
ON HUBBLE IN SPACE.
YOU KNOW, ONE OF THE HIGH POINTS
OF MY LIFE.
>>IT HAS NURTURED A GENERATION
OF YOUNG SCIENTISTS.
ED MENTIONED TO ME THIS MORNING,
REMINDED ME THAT WHILE I WAS IN
ORBIT, HE WAS SHEPHERDING MY
HUSBAND AND THREE YOUNG
DAUGHTERS, THROUGH AN
EARLY-MORNING LIVE INTERVIEW ON
"GOOD MORNING, AMERICA."
>> All I could say was it was a
pleasure.
Truly.
>> Call us again.
[laughing]
>> You'll be like space cowboys
meet hst.
It will be awesome.
>> There we go.
[Applause]
>> Five, four, three, two, one,
and lift off of space shuttle
discovery.
Our window on the universe.
♪
>> Hubble isn't just a Satellite.
It's about humanity's quest for
knowledge.
The only way to find the limits
passable is by going to beyond
them to the impossible.
I want to wish Hubble Its owm set of adventures
unlock further mysteries of the
universe.
♪