1 00:00:00,000 --> 00:00:03,990 [slate] 2 00:00:04,010 --> 00:00:08,020 [slate] 3 00:00:08,040 --> 00:00:12,050 4 00:00:12,070 --> 00:00:16,120 Yeah we are so excited for this total solar eclipse. It's going to 5 00:00:16,140 --> 00:00:20,210 be where the sun and the moon and the Earth are just perfectly aligned. 6 00:00:20,230 --> 00:00:24,360 The moon is in between the sun and the Earth blocking out the sun's light 7 00:00:24,380 --> 00:00:28,420 casting its shadow down on the United States. And that's super cool. 8 00:00:28,440 --> 00:00:32,480 The path of totality, the path where this moon blocks the sun's light 9 00:00:32,500 --> 00:00:36,560 the main body of the sun, comes in through Oregon, goes 10 00:00:36,580 --> 00:00:40,690 across the United States and exists out of South Carolina. 11 00:00:40,710 --> 00:00:44,880 And so it crosses 14 states and even if you're not in the path of totality 12 00:00:44,900 --> 00:00:48,930 you will get to see a partial eclipse which means that you'll see the moon 13 00:00:48,950 --> 00:00:53,020 take a bite out of the sun basically and it will get darker where you are. 14 00:00:53,040 --> 00:00:57,050 [slate] 15 00:00:57,070 --> 00:01:01,250 [slate] 16 00:01:01,270 --> 00:01:05,320 Scientists are super excited about the total solar eclipse. When the moon 17 00:01:05,340 --> 00:01:09,410 blocks the sun's light, we get to see the solar corona around the 18 00:01:09,430 --> 00:01:13,530 moon. So the solar corona is the sun's atmosphere. 19 00:01:13,550 --> 00:01:17,720 And it's not very bright so we usually can't see it. During a total solar eclipse 20 00:01:17,740 --> 00:01:21,770 we can. And this is where all sorts of dynamics, magnetic explosions 21 00:01:21,790 --> 00:01:25,860 occur. The corona is incredibly hot and we don't understand why 22 00:01:25,880 --> 00:01:29,990 that is. That's what I study. So we want to understand all of these 23 00:01:30,010 --> 00:01:34,180 dynamics that are going on on the sun because the sun of course affects us here, Earth. 24 00:01:34,200 --> 00:01:38,220 It affects all of the planets in the solar system. 25 00:01:38,240 --> 00:01:42,390 [slate] 26 00:01:42,410 --> 00:01:46,570 So NASA studies the sun in a lot of different ways. We study it 27 00:01:46,590 --> 00:01:50,640 with our satellites where we look at the sun in different wavelengths. 28 00:01:50,660 --> 00:01:54,750 Ultraviolet light, light that you can't see with your eye. And we 29 00:01:54,770 --> 00:01:58,890 watch these solar storms that happen. These solar storms that these magnetic 30 00:01:58,910 --> 00:02:02,960 explosions on the sun they can hit the Earth, they can hit the other planets. 31 00:02:02,980 --> 00:02:07,030 In fact even on just a normal day on the sun there are little magnetic explosions 32 00:02:07,050 --> 00:02:11,110 and the corona streams off of the sun 33 00:02:11,130 --> 00:02:15,240 filling the solar system, interacting with the planets. It can interact with 34 00:02:15,260 --> 00:02:19,430 the atmospheres of planets. It can interact with 35 00:02:19,450 --> 00:02:23,520 even stripping off some of the atmosphere like the ancient Martian atmosphere. 36 00:02:23,540 --> 00:02:27,540 [slate] 37 00:02:27,560 --> 00:02:31,580 [slate] Parker Solar Probe 38 00:02:31,600 --> 00:02:35,650 will be going to the corona. It will be launched in 2018 39 00:02:35,670 --> 00:02:39,760 and we are so excited about this mission. The Parker Solar Probe 40 00:02:39,780 --> 00:02:43,910 is going to touch the corona in contrast to our regular 41 00:02:43,930 --> 00:02:47,930 our other missions where we get to look at the corona. And in a total solar eclipse 42 00:02:47,950 --> 00:02:51,990 we get to look at the corona in images and we can learn a lot from that. 43 00:02:52,010 --> 00:02:56,080 But to actually get to stick the thermometer in the corona, that's going to be 44 00:02:56,100 --> 00:03:00,220 super cool. And we've never been this close to the sun, so we are very excited. 45 00:03:00,240 --> 00:03:04,250 46 00:03:04,270 --> 00:03:08,390 [slate] 47 00:03:08,410 --> 00:03:12,520 The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter 48 00:03:12,540 --> 00:03:16,700 picks out the very specific topography of the moon, 49 00:03:16,720 --> 00:03:20,760 the peaks and valleys on the moon to within a centimeter. 50 00:03:20,780 --> 00:03:24,840 The shape of the moon, because the moon isn't a perfect sphere, tells us how 51 00:03:24,860 --> 00:03:28,960 the shadow of the moon is going to land on the Earth. 52 00:03:28,980 --> 00:03:33,120 Because it doesn't make a perfect circle, there are jagged edges because of these peaks and valleys. 53 00:03:33,140 --> 00:03:37,130 [slate] 54 00:03:37,150 --> 00:03:41,170 So the details 55 00:03:41,190 --> 00:03:45,240 of exactly of what you're going to see in your city can be found at eclipse2017.nasa.gov. 56 00:03:45,260 --> 00:03:49,340 But in general if you're in the path of totality 57 00:03:49,360 --> 00:03:53,500 you will see the moon totally block 58 00:03:53,520 --> 00:03:57,560 the main body of the sun and you'll see this solar corona, the solar atmosphere around it 59 00:03:57,580 --> 00:04:01,650 If you're in a partial eclipse which is all of North America, 60 00:04:01,670 --> 00:04:05,790 central America and even parts of South America, then what you'll see is 61 00:04:05,810 --> 00:04:09,950 the moon pass in front of the sun, but not block all of its light. And so with 62 00:04:09,970 --> 00:04:14,010 a pinhole projector you can watch the moon go across the sun 63 00:04:14,030 --> 00:04:18,110 and take a bite out of the sun's light. And 64 00:04:18,130 --> 00:04:22,220 it's just going to be super cool wherever you are. 65 00:04:22,240 --> 00:04:26,270 [slate] 66 00:04:26,290 --> 00:04:30,460 Yes we never want to look 67 00:04:30,480 --> 00:04:34,530 directly at the sun with the naked eye. That can do extreme damage. 68 00:04:34,550 --> 00:04:38,630 to your eye. There are special safety glasses, safety solar glasses. 69 00:04:38,650 --> 00:04:42,770 So not sunglasses. These special safety glasses you can 70 00:04:42,790 --> 00:04:46,820 watch the eclipse with. You can look directly at the sun during the eclipse or 71 00:04:46,840 --> 00:04:50,870 you can use an indirect method like a pinhole camera projector 72 00:04:50,890 --> 00:04:54,970 You put the sun behind you, the sun comes through your pinhole or you can even go 73 00:04:54,990 --> 00:04:59,100 like this with your hands to make a little pinhole. The projected image 74 00:04:59,120 --> 00:05:03,290 will go down on the ground on a piece of people below you 75 00:05:03,310 --> 00:05:07,380 and you can watch safely then the moon come across the 76 00:05:07,400 --> 00:05:11,500 sun and that's the safe way to watch it if you're in a partial eclipse or even if you're in a 77 00:05:11,520 --> 00:05:16,763 total solar eclipse before and after totality.