{ "count": 22, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 3082, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3082/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Ozone from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Ozone (O3) in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 3088, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3088/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Chlorine Monoxide from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Chlorine monoxide (ClO) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. ClO is a temporary byproduct of the chemical reaction sequence by which chlorine from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) destroys ozone. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3099, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3099/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Hydrogen Chloride from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. Ozone-destroying chlorine (Cl) atoms are neutralized when they bond with hydrogen (H) to form HCl. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3100, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3100/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Nitric acid from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Nitric Acid (HNO3) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. Nitric acid is created from the nitrogen oxide emitted by automobiles. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3101, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3101/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Water vapor from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Water vapor (H2O) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3102, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3102/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Temperature from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "This animation shows temperature in the atmosphere from August 13 through October 15, 2004. Red represents higher temperatures; blue represents lower temperatures. The spatial resolution is low: each pixel covers an area of 5 degrees longitude by 2 degrees latitude, so the entire world (except for 1 degree at each pole) is covered by the 72x89 pixel images.This product is available through our Web Map Service. || temp-movie.gif (72x89) [227.1 KB] || temp.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || temp.jpg (320x396) [8.3 KB] || gal.png (160x80) [16.1 KB] || temp_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [56.3 KB] || temp.2004.0034.png (72x89) [4.4 KB] || temp-movie.webmhd.webm (960x540) [36.2 KB] || 72x89 (72x89) [4.0 KB] || temp-movie.m1v (72x88) [119.4 KB] || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3056, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3056/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Chlorine Monoxide", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Measuring concentration of chlorine monoxide and other chemicals. Chlorine monoxide (CIO) is formed by the photolysis of CFCs in the stratosphere and the subsequent destruction of an ozone molecule, these radicals can act as a catalyst in the destruction of ozone while not being destroyed themselves. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 3057, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3057/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Water Vapor", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Measuring concentration of water vapor and other chemicals. Approximately 50 percent of the atmosphere's moisture lies within about 1.84 km of the earth's surface, and only a minute fraction of the total occurs above the tropopause. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3058, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3058/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Hydrochloric Acid", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Hydrogen Chloride, is a covalent bonded nonflammable gas and ionizes almost completely when dissolved in water. When dissolved in water, hydrogen chloride forms a strong acid, hydrochloric acid. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3059, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3059/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Nitric Acid", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Nitric Acid is a corrosive, non-volatile, and inorganic acid. In the atmosphere it is formed by the conversion of nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen dioxide, and ultimately into nitric acid. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3060, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3060/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Ozone", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Ozone that is present in the troposphere is mostly a result of anthropogenic pollution and therefore higher concentrations are found in urban areas. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 3061, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3061/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Temperature", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. It also measures the temperature. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3062, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3062/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Microwave Limb Sounder Observes the Lower Stratosphere and Upper Troposphere", "description": "MLS measures lower stratospheric temperature and concentrations of H2O, O3, ClO, BrO, HCl, OH, HO2, HNO3, HCN, and N2O, for their effects on (and diagnoses of) ozone depletion, transformations of greenhouse gases, and radiative forcing of climate change. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3066, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3066/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Aura/OMI Ozone Hole from September 12, 2004 to November 15,2004", "description": "Data from NASA satellites establishes a 40 year record of stratospheric ozone measurements. The stratospheric ozone layer shields life on Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Research shows that excess exposure to UV radiation causes skin cancer and eye problems and impacts plant growth. Global stratospheric ozone has decreased by 3 percent globally between 1980 and 2000 and has thinned by 50 percent over Antarctica in winter and spring. Depletion of the ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth's surface. This animation shows the ozone layer blocking harmful UV radiation from the Earth's surface. The hole in the ozone is seen in purple. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 3067, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3067/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Aura/OMI Ozone Hole from September 12, 2004 to November 15, 2004 with Polar Vortex Demarcation", "description": "Data from NASA satellites establishes a 40-year record of stratospheric ozone measurements. The stratospheric ozone layer shields life on Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Research shows that excess exposure to UV radiation causes skin cancer and eye problems and impacts plant growth. Global stratospheric ozone has decreased by 3 percent globally between 1980 and 2000 and has thinned by 50 percent over Antarctica in winter and spring. Depletion of the ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth's surface.This animation shows the ozone layer blocking harmful UV radiation from the Earth's surface. The hole in the ozone is seen in purple. The location, size, and shape of the polar vortex is derived from potential vorticity data, PV. The PV, shown in white at 550 degrees Kelvin, is an atmospheric regional event that isolates polar air from the air at lower latitudes, producing conditions favorable for wintertime polar ozone depletion. The animation shows that most of the low-temperature and chemically-perturbed region is confined within the polar vortex during the Antarctic winter. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3068, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3068/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over South America", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry. Many different organizations monitor regional areas of the troposphere, but Aura is the first to record daily global measurements. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 3069, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3069/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over South America and Africa", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor of air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In this animation, Aura shows a large concentration of tropospheric ozone is being transported from South America to Africa. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3070, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3070/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over Indonesia", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3071, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3071/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone On a Flat Map", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor of air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The complexity of pollution transport makes it difficult to quantify how much industry contributes to poor local air quality. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3073, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3073/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "NO2 Concentration Over the United States: September 24 - November 7, 2004", "description": "Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is a traffic-related pollutant. Emissions are generally highest in urban rather than rural areas. Annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in urban areas are generally in the range 10-45 ppb, and lower in rural areas. Levels vary significantly throughout the day, with peaks generally occurring twice daily as a consequence of rush hour traffic. Concentrations can be as high as 200 ppb. Particulate matter is very fine and can be carried deep into the lungs where they can cause inflammation and a worsening of the condition of people with heart and lung disease. Further, the problem is not necessarily concentrated in the inner cities. Because many major road / motorway interchange complexes are situated in semi-rural areas, under conditions of near-stationary traffic, a rapid build-up of engine exhaust pollution can occur, which if the low-level atmospheric conditions are correct, will not be dispersed. || ", "hits": 97 }, { "id": 3074, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3074/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration Over China: September 24 - November 7, 2004", "description": "Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is a traffic-related pollutant. Emissions are generally highest in urban rather than rural areas. Annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in urban areas are generally in the range 10-45 ppb, and lower in rural areas. Levels vary significantly throughout the day, with peaks generally occurring twice daily as a consequence of rush hour traffic. Concentrations can be as high as 200 ppb. Particulate matter is very fine and can be carried deep into the lungs where they can cause inflammation and a worsening of the condition of people with heart and lung disease. Further, the problem is not necessarily concentrated in the inner cities. Because many major road / motorway interchange complexes are situated in semi-rural areas, under conditions of near-stationary traffic, a rapid build-up of engine exhaust pollution can occur, which if the low-level atmospheric conditions are correct, will not be dispersed. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3075, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3075/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-09T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Biomass Burning over South America", "description": "Biomass burning is the burning of living and dead vegetation. It includes the human-initiated burning of vegetation for land clearing and land-use change as well as natural, lightning-induced fires. Scientists estimate that humans are responsible for about 90% of biomass burning with only a small percentage of natural fires contributing to the total amount of vegetation burned. Burning vegetation releases large amounts of particulates (solid carbon combustion particles) and gases, including greenhouse gases that help warm the Earth. Studies suggest that biomass burning has increased on a global scale over the last 100 years, and computer calculations indicate that a hotter Earth resulting from global warming will lead to more frequent and larger fires. Biomass burning particulates impact climate and can also affect human health when they are inhaled, causing respiratory problems. Here are three images of South America on October 7, 2004. The first image shows clouds and fires on that day. The second image is clouds and nitrous dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the stratosphere. The last image overlays the fires on the NO2 data. || ", "hits": 11 } ] }