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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 14857,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14857/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-06-11T14:10:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA’s Webb Reveals Galaxy Population Driving Cosmic Renovation",
            "description": "Symbols mark the locations of young, low-mass galaxies bursting with new stars when the universe was about 800 million years old. Using a filter sensitive to such galaxies, NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope imaged them with the help of a natural gravitational lens created by the massive galaxy cluster Abell 2744. In all, 83 young galaxies were found, but only the 20 shown here (white diamonds) were selected for deeper study. The inset zooms into one of the galaxies. Credit: NASA/ESA/CSA/Bezanson et al. 2024 and Wold et al. 2025Alt text: Animation showing the locations of young, low-mass, starburst galaxies around galaxy cluster Abell 2744.Image description:White and yellow galaxies of various sizes and shapes appear against the blackness of space. Two bright stars in our own galaxy display prominent six-spike diffraction patterns with bluish rays, visible at center left and lower left. Then 20 white diamonds sweep across the image. One diamond enlarges to reveal an image of a young, low-mass, star-forming galaxy. It looks like a green oval against a red and green checked background. The enlarged image then shrinks back, and the diamonds sweep away. The sequence loops. || Pandora_stamp_60pct.gif (600x600) [961.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 150
        },
        {
            "id": 14164,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14164/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-06-07T19:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Australia Sounding Rocket Campaign Press Kit",
            "description": "NASA will launch three suborbital sounding rockets in June and July 2022 from the Arnhem Space Center in Australia’s Northern Territory to conduct astrophysics studies that can only be done from the Southern Hemisphere. The three missions will focus on α Centauri A and B, two of the three-star α Centauri system that are the closest stars to our Sun, and X-rays emanating from the interstellar medium, clouds of gases and particles between stars.The three sounding rocket night-time missions will be launched between June 26 and July 12 on two-stage Black Brant IX sounding rockets, from the Arnhem Space Center, which is owned and operated by Equatorial Launch Australia or ELA. The Arnhem Space Center is a commercial space launch facility, located on the Dhupuma Plateau near Nhulunbuy. The NASA missions will be the first launches from Arnhem.Learn more: Australia Sounding Rocket Fact SheetWatch more: Sounding Rockets: Cutting Edge Science, 15 Minutes at a TimeWhat Is a Sounding Rocket?Riding Along with a NASA Sounding Rocket || ",
            "hits": 70
        },
        {
            "id": 14150,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14150/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2022-05-02T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Webb Telescope Completes Alignment Phase",
            "description": "It is official, alignment of NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope is now complete. The alignment of the telescope across all of Webb’s instruments can be seen in a series of images that captures the observatory’s full field of view. Featured in this video are engineering images demonstrating the sharp focus of each instrument. For this test, Webb pointed at part of the Large Magellanic Cloud, a small satellite galaxy of the Milky Way, providing a dense field of hundreds of thousands of stars across all the observatory’s sensors. The sizes and positions of the images shown depict the relative arrangement of each of Webb’s instruments in the telescope’s focal plane, each pointing at a slightly offset part of the sky relative to one another. Webb’s three imaging instruments are NIRCam (images shown here at a wavelength of 2 microns), NIRISS (image shown here at 1.5 microns), and MIRI (shown at 7.7 microns, a longer wavelength revealing emission from interstellar clouds as well as starlight). NIRSpec is a spectrograph rather than imager but can take images, such as the 1.1 micron image shown here, for calibrations and target acquisition. The dark regions visible in parts of the NIRSpec data are due to structures of its microshutter array, which has several hundred thousand controllable shutters that can be opened or shut to select which light is sent into the spectrograph. Lastly, Webb’s Fine Guidance Sensor tracks guide stars to point the observatory accurately and precisely; its two sensors are not generally used for scientific imaging but can take calibration images such as those shown here. This image data is used not just to assess image sharpness but also to precisely measure and calibrate subtle image distortions and alignments between the instrument sensors as part of Webb’s overall instrument calibration process. || ",
            "hits": 63
        },
        {
            "id": 14111,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14111/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-02-28T07:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Webb's Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI) Light Path Animation",
            "description": "The spectrograph light path inside the Mid Infrared Instrument (MIRI) on the Webb Telescope.  Versions with labels and without labels.Credit:  European Space Agency || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.00030_print.jpg (1024x576) [40.5 KB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.00030_searchweb.png (320x180) [21.1 KB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.00030_web.png (320x180) [21.1 KB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.00030_thm.png (80x40) [2.1 KB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.mp4 (1920x1080) [156.3 MB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_labels_v3.mp4 (1920x1080) [177.9 MB] || MIRI_SPECTRO_v2.webm (1920x1080) [9.0 MB] || ",
            "hits": 77
        },
        {
            "id": 13826,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13826/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2021-05-11T09:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble’s Servicing Mission 4",
            "description": "The Hubble Space Telescope was reborn with Servicing Mission 4 (SM4), the fifth and final servicing of the orbiting observatory. During SM4, two new scientific instruments were installed – the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Two failed instruments, the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), were brought back to life by the first ever on-orbit repairs. With these efforts, Hubble has been brought to the apex of its scientific capabilities.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. Music Credits: \"Aquarius\" by Fred Dubois [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM], and Universal Production Music.“Adam and Eve” by Laurent Dury [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM], and Universal Production Music.\"Inquiring Mind\" by Leon Mitchener [NS] via Atmosphere Music Ltd. [PRS], and Universal Production Music.\"Weight of Water\" by Anthony Edwin Phillips [PRS] via Atmosphere Music Ltd. [PRS], and Universal Production Music.\"Urban Migration\" by Fred Dubois [SACEM] via Koka Media [SACEM], Universal Publishing Production Music France [SACEM], and Universal Production Music.\"Get up and Run\" by Raul del Moral Redondo [SGAE] via El Murmullo Sarao [SGAE], Universal Sarao [SGAE], and Universal Production Music.“Metamorphosis” by Matthew St Laurent [ASCAP] via Soundcast Music [SESAC] and Universal Production Music.Motion Graphics Template Media Credits:Lower Thirds Auto Self Resizing by cayman via Motion Array || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 13180,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13180/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-05-21T09:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble Tool Time Episode 6 - Servicing Mission 4",
            "description": "Retired NASA astronaut John Grunsfeld hosts this six-part mini-series about the tools used on the Hubble Space Telescope servicing missions. Hubble was uniquely designed to be serviced in space so that components could be repaired and upgraded. Astronauts using custom-designed tools performed challenging spacewalks on five servicing missions from 1993 to 2009 to keep Hubble operating so that it could change our fundamental understanding of the universe.Join John, EVA engineer Ed Rezac, and astronaut trainer Christy Hansen in this episode of Hubble Tool Time to learn about creating a Fastener Capture Plate to capture 111 screws in order to repair the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph on Servicing Mission 4 in 2009.In addition to enabling Hubble's scientific discoveries, the tools developed by teams at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center and tested in collaboration with the Johnson Space Center furthered NASA's human exploration capabilities. These tools and the knowledge gleaned from the Hubble servicing missions are used today by astronauts on the International Space Station, and will be critical to NASA's future crewed missions to the Moon and Mars.For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Katrina Jackson.Music credits: \"Wine On It\" by Kevin Blanc [SACEM]; KTSA Publishing SACEM; Gum Tapes; Killer Tracks Production Music. \"Breakthrough\" by Donn Wilerson [BMI]; Killer Tracks BMI; Killer Tracks Production Music. || ",
            "hits": 21
        },
        {
            "id": 13186,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13186/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-05-11T09:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "Servicing Mission 4 Overview",
            "description": "On May 11, 2009, the brave crew of Space Shuttle Atlantis lifted off to make NASA's Hubble Space Telescope more powerful than ever before. Hubble's Servicing Mission 4 (SM4) was the most ambitious and complicated to date. Changing out two major science instruments and repairing two others while in space helped to make this mission truly memorable. Thanks to the astronauts of SM4, the Hubble Space Telescope is at the apex of its power and capabilities. To celebrate SM4’s 10 year anniversary, this video gives a quick and in-depth review on the accomplishments of this historic mission. The tools and the knowledge gleaned from SM4 are used today by astronauts on the International Space Station, and will be critical to NASA's future crewed missions to the Moon and Mars. For more information, visit https://nasa.gov/hubble. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Paul Morris.Music credits: \"Aerial\" by Oliver Worth [PRS]; Killer Tracks Production Music || ",
            "hits": 43
        },
        {
            "id": 13160,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13160/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-04-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble Archive - Servicing Mission 4, STS-125",
            "description": "Hubble's fifth and final servicing mission, Servicing Mission 4, launched on May 11, 2009 on Space Shuttle Atlantis as part of the STS-125 mission.During SM4, two new scientific instruments were installed – the Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) and Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3). Two failed instruments, the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) and the Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS), were brought back to life by the first ever on-orbit repairs. With these efforts, Hubble has been brought to the apex of its scientific capabilities. To prolong Hubble's life, new batteries, new gyroscopes, a new science computer, a refurbished fine guidance sensor and new insulation on three electronics bays were also installed over the 12-day mission with five spacewalks. || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 12762,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12762/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2018-01-25T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "James Webb Space Telescope’s Multifaceted MIRI",
            "description": "James Webb Space Telescope’s mid-infrared instrument (MIRI) has both a camera and a spectrograph that sees light in the mid-infrared region of the electromagnetic spectrum, with wavelengths that are longer than our eyes see. MIRI covers the wavelength range of 5 to 28.5 microns. Its sensitive detectors will allow it to see the redshifted light of distant galaxies, helping identify the first galaxies in the universe, observe newly forming stars by peering inside dust-shrouded stellar nurseries, and analyze the atmospheres of exoplanets for markers of potential life. MIRI's camera will provide wide-field, broadband imaging that will return breathtaking astrophotography. MIRI was built by the MIRI Consortium (a group that consists of scientists and engineers from European countries), a team from the Jet Propulsion Lab in California, and scientists from several U.S. institutions. || ",
            "hits": 70
        },
        {
            "id": 12604,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12604/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-06-22T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Scientists Uncover Origins of Dynamic Jets on Sun's Surface",
            "description": "At any given moment, as many as 10 million wild jets of solar material burst from the sun’s surface. They erupt as fast as 60 miles per second, and can reach lengths of 6,000 miles before collapsing. These are spicules, and despite their grass-like abundance, scientists didn’t understand how they form. Now, for the first time, a computer simulation — so detailed it took a full year to run — shows how spicules form, helping scientists understand how spicules can break free of the sun’s surface and surge upward so quickly. This work relied upon high-cadence observations from NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, and the Swedish 1-meter Solar Telescope in La Palma. Together, the spacecraft and telescope peer into the lower layers of the sun’s atmosphere, known as the interface region, where spicules form. The results of this NASA-funded study were published in Science on June 22, 2017 — a special time of the year for the IRIS mission, which celebrates its fourth anniversary in space on June 26.Research: On the generation of solar spicules and Alfvénic waves.Journal: Science, June 22, 2017.Link to paper: http://science.sciencemag.org/content/356/6344/1269.full || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 12375,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12375/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-09-26T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble Directly Images Possible Plumes on Europa",
            "description": "NASA's Hubble Space Telescope took direct ultraviolet images of the icy moon Europa transiting across the disk of Jupiter. Out of ten observations, Hubble saw what may be water vapor plumes on three of the images. This adds another piece of supporting evidence to the existence of water vapor plumes on Europa - Hubble also detected spectroscopic signatures of water vapor in 2012. The existence of water vapor plumes could provide NASA's Europa flyby mission the opportunity to study the conditions and habitability of Europa's subsurface ocean.Read the full nasa.gov story here: http://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-s-hubble-spots-possible-water-plumes-erupting-on-jupiters-moon-europaRead the full science paper here: http://hubblesite.org/pubinfo/pdf/2016/33/pdf.pdfFull details on the images can be found on HubbleSite.org: http://hubblesite.org/newscenter/archive/releases/2016/33/Additional Resources:JPL's \"Europa: Tempting Target for Future Exploration\" video file is downloadable here: https://vimeo.com/118505538Read the Dec 2013 press release about Hubble's previous observations of Europa here: http://www.nasa.gov/content/goddard/hubble-europa-water-vapor || ",
            "hits": 89
        },
        {
            "id": 12292,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12292/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-06-24T15:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Highlights of 2016/2017",
            "description": "A collection of solar highlights featuring:- NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO)- NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph (IRIS) mission- ESA/NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO)- NASA's Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO) mission || ",
            "hits": 121
        },
        {
            "id": 11822,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11822/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-04-14T12:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble Memorable Moments",
            "description": "4. Hubble Memorable Moments: Comet ImpactIn July 1994, the Hubble Space Telescope was poised to use its newly fixed optics to observe one of the most impressive astronomical events of the century - the 21 fragments of Comet Shoemaker-Levy 9 impacting Jupiter. But these observations almost didn’t happen.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || Hubble_Memorable_Moments.png (1276x717) [1004.3 KB] || Hubble_Memorable_Moments_print.jpg (1024x575) [98.6 KB] || Hubble_Memorable_Moments_web.png (320x180) [78.1 KB] || Hubble_Memorable_Moments_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || mem.jpg (320x180) [9.8 KB] || HubbleMemorableMoments_CometImpact.webm (1280x720) [52.1 MB] || HubbleMemorableMoments_CometImpact.mp4 (1280x720) [763.6 MB] || HubbleMemorableMoments_CometImpact.en_US.srt [9.6 KB] || HubbleMemorableMoments_CometImpact.en_US.vtt [9.6 KB] || HubbleMemorableMoments_CometImpact.mov (1280x720) [6.4 GB] || ",
            "hits": 68
        },
        {
            "id": 4318,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4318/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-06-26T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "A Slice of Light: How IRIS Observes the Sun",
            "description": "Short version of the IRIS visualization with windowed SJI imagery. || SDO304IRISspectraWin4.2015MarA_stand.HD1080i.00400_print.jpg (1024x576) [122.9 KB] || SDO304IRISspectraWin4.2015MarA_stand.HD1080i.00400_searchweb.png (320x180) [95.6 KB] || SDO304IRISspectraWin4.2015MarA_stand.HD1080i.00400_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || SDO304IRISspectraWin4_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.3 MB] || Windowed.short (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || SDO304IRISspectraWin4_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [4.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 96
        },
        {
            "id": 11522,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11522/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-05-07T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Best Observed X-class Flare",
            "description": "On March 29, 2014 the sun released an X-class flare. It was observed by NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS; NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO; NASA's Reuven Ramaty High Energy Solar Spectroscopic Imager, or RHESSI; the Japanese Aerospace Exploration Agency's Hinode; and the National Solar Observatory's Dunn Solar Telescope located at Sacramento Peak in New Mexico. To have a record of such an intense flare from so many observatories is unprecedented.  Such research can help scientists better understand what catalyst sets off these large explosions on the sun. Perhaps we may even some day be able to predict their onset and forewarn of the radio blackouts solar flares can cause near Earth – blackouts that can interfere with airplane, ship and military communications. || ",
            "hits": 101
        },
        {
            "id": 4164,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4164/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-05-07T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "A Multi-Mission View of a Solar Flare: Optical to Gamma-rays",
            "description": "To improve our understanding of complex phenomena such as solar flares, a wide variety of tools are needed.  In the case of astronomy, those tools enable us to analyze the light in many different wavelengths and many different ways.Many different instruments are observing the Sun almost continuously, both from space and on the surface of the Earth.  On March 29, 2014, the Dunn Solar Telescope at Sacramento Peak, New Mexico was observing a solar active region and requested other observatories to watch as well.  As a result of this coordination, the region was being observed by a large number of different instruments, ground and space-based, when it subsequently erupted with an X-class flare.  This visualization presents various combinations of the datasets collected during this effort.  The color text represents the dominant color of the dataset in the imagery.Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO): HMI (617.1nm).  This data represents the Sun is visible light similar to how we see it from the ground.Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO): AIA (17.1nm).  Solar ultraviolet emission, which can only be seen from space, reveals plasma flowing, and escaping, along magnetic fields.IRIS Slit-Jaw Imager: 140.0nm.  This high-resolution imager also contains a slit (the dark vertical line in the center of the field) which directs the light to an ultraviolet spectrometer which is used to extract even more information about the light.  The imager slews back-and-forth across the region, providing spectra over a larger area of the Sun.Hinode/X-ray Telescope: x-ray band. Indicates very hot plasma.RHESSI: 50-100 keV.  High-energy gamma-ray emission.  Emission from these locations represent the very highest energy photons from the flare event.Dunn Solar Telescope: G-band filter.  This filter, showing much of the solar surface (photosphere) in visible light, provides a detailed view of the sunspots and convection cells.  The view moves because the instrument was repointed several times during the observation.Dunn Solar Telescope: IBIS ( Hydrogen alpha, 656.3nm;  Calcium 854.2 nm;  Iron 630.15nm).  This is the small rectangular view within the Dunn Solar Telescope G-band view.  This instrument can tune the wavelength during the observation, which provides views of the solar atmosphere at different depths. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 11467,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11467/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-03-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Deconstructing The Sun",
            "description": "On January 28, 2014, NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, spacecraft saw its strongest solar flare since it launched in 2013. Solar flares are bursts of X-rays and light that stream out into space, but no one yet knows the fine details of what sets them off. By observing a layer of the sun’s lower atmosphere called the chromosphere, which helps regulate how energy and material flows up from the sun's surface, IRIS can see part of the process that powers these events. However, there's a bit of luck involved in making such observations. IRIS’s instruments can’t look at the entire sun at once, so scientists must decide what areas might be the most interesting to watch. On January 28, scientists focused IRIS’s telescope and imaging spectrograph on a magnetically active region on the sun. Perfect timing: They witnessed a medium-sized solar flare in the act of erupting. Watch the video to see the flare through IRIS's eyes. || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 11448,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11448/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-02-06T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Into The Fire",
            "description": "On June 27, 2013, NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, launched into space to study the mysterious lowest layers of the sun’s atmosphere. These layers make up what's called the interface region, an area where solar material is constantly writhing and exploding. The spacecraft is designed to take high-resolution images of the interface region in unprecedented detail. Such images will help scientists see how energy traveling through the region heats the sun's upper atmosphere to temperatures a thousand times hotter than the surface. Initial observations show the region is much more violent than previously understood, and contains a multitude of thin, fibril-like structures that have never before been seen. Watch the video for close-up views of the sun captured by IRIS. || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 11385,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11385/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-12-17T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Jewel Box Sun",
            "description": "Telescopes help distant objects appear bigger, but this is only one of their advantages. Telescopes can also collect light in ranges that our eyes alone cannot see, providing scientists ways of observing a whole host of material and processes that would otherwise be inaccessible. A new NASA movie of the sun based on data from NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, shows the wide range of wavelengths – invisible to the naked eye – that the telescope can view. SDO converts the wavelengths into an image humans can see, and the light is colorized into a rainbow of colors. As the colors sweep around the sun in the movie, viewers should note how different the same area of the sun appears. This happens because each wavelength of light represents solar material at specific temperatures. Different wavelengths convey information about different components of the sun's surface and atmosphere, so scientists use them to paint a full picture of our constantly changing and varying star.Yellow light of 5800 angstroms, for example, generally emanates from material of about 10,000 degrees F (5700 degrees C), which represents the surface of the sun. Extreme ultraviolet light of 94 angstroms, which is typically colorized in green in SDO images, comes from atoms that are about 11 million degrees F (6,300,000 degrees C) and is a good wavelength for looking at solar flares, which can reach such high temperatures. By examining pictures of the sun in a variety of wavelengths – as is done not only by SDO, but also by NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, NASA's Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory and the European Space Agency/NASA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory — scientists can track how particles and heat move through the sun's atmosphere. || ",
            "hits": 104
        },
        {
            "id": 11327,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11327/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-08-05T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Astronomers Directly Image Jovian Planet Around GJ 504",
            "description": "Using infrared data from the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii, an international team of astronomers has imaged a giant planet around the bright star GJ 504. Several times the mass of Jupiter and similar in size, the new world, dubbed GJ 504b, is the lowest-mass planet ever detected around a star like the sun using direct imaging techniques. If we could travel to this giant planet, we would see a world still glowing from the heat of its formation with a color reminiscent of a dark cherry blossom, a dull magenta. GJ 504b orbits its star at nearly nine times the distance Jupiter orbits the sun, which poses a challenge to theoretical ideas of how giant planets form. According to the most widely accepted picture, called the core-accretion model, Jupiter-like planets get their start in the gas-rich debris disk that surrounds a young star. A core produced by collisions among asteroids and comets provides a seed, and when this core reaches sufficient mass, its gravitational pull rapidly attracts gas from the disk to form the planet. While this model works fine for planets out to where Neptune orbits, about 30 times Earth's average distance from the sun (30 astronomical units, or AU), it's more problematic for worlds located farther from their stars. GJ 504b lies at a projected distance of 43.5 AU from its star; the actual distance depends on how the system tips to our line of sight, which is not precisely known. The research is part of the Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (SEEDS), a project to directly image extrasolar planets and protoplanetary disks around several hundred nearby stars using the Subaru Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The five-year project began in 2009 and is led by Motohide Tamura at the National Astronomical Observatory of Japan (NAOJ). While direct imaging is arguably the most important technique for observing planets around other stars, it is also the most challenging. The SEEDS project images at near-infrared wavelengths with the help of the telescope's novel adaptive optics system, which compensates for the smearing effects of Earth's atmosphere, and two instruments: the High Contrast Instrument for the Subaru Next Generation Adaptive Optics and the InfraRed Camera and Spectrograph. The combination allows the team to push the boundary of direct imaging toward fainter planets. GJ 504b is about four times more massive than Jupiter and has an effective temperature of about 460 degrees Fahrenheit (237 Celsius). It orbits the G0-type star GJ 504, which is slightly hotter than the sun and is faintly visible to the unaided eye in the constellation Virgo. The star lies 57 light-years away and the team estimates the system is about 160 million years old, based on methods that link the star's color and rotation period to its age. || ",
            "hits": 521
        },
        {
            "id": 11314,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11314/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-07-25T13:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "IRIS First Light",
            "description": "The images and video on this page are from the IRIS first light media teleconference on July 25, 2013.For supporting media resources, please click here.On July 17, 2013 at 11:14 pm PDT (2:14 pm EDT) the IRIS Lockheed Martin instrument team successfully opened the door on NASA’s Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, which launched June 27, 2013, aboard a Pegasus XL rocket from Vandenberg Air Force Base, Calif.As the telescope door opened, IRIS’s single instrument began to observe the sun for the first time. Designed to research the interface region in more detail than has ever been done before, IRIS’s instrument is a combination of an ultraviolet telescope and a spectrograph. The telescope provides high-resolution images, capturing data on about 1 percent of the sun at a time. The images can resolve very fine features, as small as 150 miles across. While the telescope can look at only one wavelength of light at a time, the spectrograph collects information about many wavelengths of light at once. The instrument then splits the sun’s light into its various wavelengths and measures how much of any given wavelength is present. Analysis of the spectral lines can also provide velocity, temperature and density information, key information when trying to track how energy and heat moves through the region. || ",
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        },
        {
            "id": 11286,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11286/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-06-04T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IRIS L-14 Media Briefing",
            "description": "Lying just above the sun's surface is an enigmatic region of the solar atmosphere called the interface region. A relatively thin region, just 3,000 to 6,000 miles thick, it pulses with movement: zones of different temperature and density are scattered throughout, while energy and heat course through the solar material. Understanding how the energy travels through this region – energy that helps heat the upper layer of the atmosphere, the corona, to temperatures of 1,000,000 kelvins, some thousand times hotter than the sun’s surface itself – is the goal of NASA's Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph, or IRIS, scheduled to launch on June 26, 2013 from California's Vandenberg Air Force Base. Scientists wish to understand the interface region in exquisite detail, since energy flowing through this region has an effect on so many aspects of near-Earth space. For one thing, despite the intense amount of energy deposited into the interface region, only a fraction leaksthrough, but this fraction drives the solar wind, the constant stream of particles that flows out to fill the entire solar system. The interface region is also the source of most of the sun's ultraviolet emission, which impacts both the near-Earth space environment and Earth's climate. IRIS's capabilities are uniquely tailored to unravel the interface region by providing both high-resolution images and a kind of data known as spectra, which can see many wavelengths at once. For its high-resolution images, IRIS will capture data on about one percent of the sun at a time. While these are relatively small snapshots, IRIS will be able to see very fine features, as small as 150 miles across. || ",
            "hits": 85
        },
        {
            "id": 11019,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11019/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-06-28T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble, Swift Detect First-ever Changes in an Exoplanet Atmosphere",
            "description": "An international team of astronomers using data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has detected significant changes in the atmosphere of a planet located beyond our solar system. The scientists conclude the atmospheric variations occurred in response to a powerful eruption on the planet's host star, an event observed by NASA's Swift satellite.The exoplanet is HD 189733b, a gas giant similar to Jupiter, but about 14 percent larger and more massive. The planet circles its star at a distance of only 3 million miles, or about 30 times closer than Earth's distance from the sun, and completes an orbit every 2.2 days. Its star, named HD 189733A, is about 80 percent the size and mass of our sun.Astronomers classify the planet as a \"hot Jupiter.\" Previous Hubble observations show that the planet's deep atmosphere reaches a temperature of about 1,900 degrees Fahrenheit (1,030 C).HD 189733b periodically passes across, or transits, its parent star, and these events give astronomers an opportunity to probe its atmosphere and environment. In a previous study, a group led by Lecavelier des Etangs used Hubble to show that hydrogen gas was escaping from the planet's upper atmosphere. The finding made HD 189733b only the second-known \"evaporating\" exoplanet at the time.The system is just 63 light-years away, so close that its star can be seen with binoculars near the famous Dumbbell Nebula. This makes HD 189733b an ideal target for studying the processes that drive atmospheric escape.When HD 189733b transits its star, some of the star's light passes through the planet's atmosphere. This interaction imprints information on the composition and motion of the planet's atmosphere into the star's light.In April 2010, the researchers observed a single transit using Hubble's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), but they detected no trace of the planet's atmosphere. Follow-up STIS observations in September 2011 showed a surprising reversal, with striking evidence that a plume of gas was streaming away from the exoplanet.The researchers determined that at least 1,000 tons of gas was leaving the planet's atmosphere every second. The hydrogen atoms were racing away at speeds greater than 300,000 mph. Because X-rays and extreme ultraviolet starlight heat the planet's atmosphere and likely drive its escape, the team also monitored the star with Swift's X-ray Telescope (XRT). On Sept. 7, 2011, just eight hours before Hubble was scheduled to observe the transit, Swift was monitoring the star when it unleashed a powerful flare. It brightened by 3.6 times in X-rays, a spike occurring atop emission levels that already were greater than the sun's. Astronomers estimate that HD 189733b encountered about 3 million times as many X-rays as Earth receives from a solar flare at the threshold of the X class. || ",
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        },
        {
            "id": 10348,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10348/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "ACS Repair: The Challenge to Fix Hubble's Best Survey Camera",
            "description": "Shortly after NASA Administrator Michael Griffin announced that NASA would add a servicing mission to the Hubble Space Telescope, Hubble's most prominent camera and most used instrument, died. The incredible engineering challenge to understand the problem, develop a strategy to fix ACS that astronauts could perform, create the tools and new circuit board components in an incredibly short time, could not have been accomplished if the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) hadn't failed a few years ealier. Goddard Engineers leveraged techniques they developed for STIS repair to fix ACS. || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 10350,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10350/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "STIS Repair: The Quest for Renewed Exploration",
            "description": "Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), the most versatile spectrograph ever to fly on Hubble, ceased operations in August 2004 due to the failure of its power supply. In order to restore STIS to operational status, astronauts will perform a never-before-attempted on-orbit replacement of an electronics board inside STIS's main electronics box. On Earth this operation is relatively simple, but in space many challenges confront the astronauts as they work to replace the failed board including working to remove 111 tiny, non-captive screws with astronaut gloves.  The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph  (COS) that will be added during Servicing Mission 4, and STIS are highly complementary and are very complimentary to each other providing scientists with a full set of spectroscopic tools for astrophysical research. The STIS instrument's accomplishments include determining the atmospheric composition of an exoplanet as well as spectra and images at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths of the Universe from our solar system out to cosmological distances. For complete transcript, click here. || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30.00852_print.jpg (1024x576) [68.6 KB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30_web.png (320x180) [204.7 KB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30_thm.png (80x40) [16.2 KB] || STIS_Repair_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [57.1 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30.mov (1280x720) [133.2 MB] || STIS_Repair_YouTube.mov (1280x720) [69.8 MB] || STIS_Repair_AppleTV.m4v (960x540) [143.0 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-iPod-lg.m4v (640x360) [45.7 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-iPod-sm.m4v (320x180) [19.6 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair.mpg (320x240) [63.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 13
        },
        {
            "id": 10230,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10230/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-08-22T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "HST SM4 STIS Repair EVA",
            "description": "Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), the most versatile spectrograph ever to fly on Hubble, ceased operations in August 2004 due to failure of its power supply. In order to restore STIS to operational status, astronauts may attempt an on-orbit replacement of one electronics board inside one of its main electronics boxes. The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS) that will be added during Servicing Mission 4, and STIS are highly complementary and would work effectively together to provide a full set of spectroscopic tools for astrophysical research. The STIS instrument's accomplishments include determining the atmospheric composition of an exoplanet as well as spectra and images at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths of the Universe from our solar system out to cosmological distances. || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 10271,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10271/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-08-19T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "HST SM4 - Change Out Animation",
            "description": "Animation shows the change out of instruments and hardware planned during the Hubble Servicing Mission 4. The instrument change out order in the animation order is as follows: 1. Battery replacement  2. Wide Field Planetary Camera replaced with new Wide Field Camera 3 (WFC3) 3. Rate Sensor Units replaced (contain 2 gyros each) 4. COSTAR instrument replaced with new Cosmic Origins Spectrograph (COS)  5. Advanced Camera for Surveys (ACS) repair (circuit boards replaced and new power box added)  6. Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph repair (cover removed, circuit board replaced, new main electronics box cover added)  7. Fine Guidance Sensor replaced 8. Soft Capture Mechanism added || ",
            "hits": 17
        },
        {
            "id": 10321,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10321/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "HST SM4 Resource Reel v2.0",
            "description": "1. Hubble Space Telescope Service Mission 4 Animation: A collection of several animations showing the Hubble Space Telescope orbiting Earth and in space shuttle Atlantis cargo bay. All animations depict the Hubble Space Telescope in its current (July 2008) configuration. || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-100852_print.jpg (1024x768) [98.4 KB] || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-1_web.png (320x240) [107.6 KB] || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-1_thm.png (80x40) [16.4 KB] || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-1_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.3 KB] || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-1.webmhd.webm (960x540) [12.8 MB] || 1-resource-hstsm4animation-resourcereelreference_MPEG-1.mpg (320x240) [63.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 10318,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10318/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-07-26T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "HST SM4 Extended Resource Reel v2.0",
            "description": "Full HD Resource ReelThis resource reel includes all the clips shown below on this page. || G2008-009HD-HST_SM4_Footage_Resource_Reel_v2.0_Reel_1_1.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [99.1 KB] || G2008-009HD-HST_SM4_Footage_Resource_Reel_v2.0_Reel_1.mov (1280x720) [57.2 GB] || G2008-009HD-HST_SM4_Footage_Resource_Reel_v2.0_Reel_1_1.mp4 (1280x720) [4.1 GB] || G2008-009HD-HST_SM4_Footage_Resource_Reel_v2.0_Reel_1_1.webm (1280x720) [454.7 MB] || G2008-009HD-HST_SM4_Footage_Resource_Reel_v2.0_Reel_1.webm [0 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 35
        }
    ]
}