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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 5628,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5628/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2026-06-18T14:10:00-04:00",
            "title": "Lucy Observations of Asteroid Donaldjohanson",
            "description": "Lucy Observations of Asteroid Donaldjohanson",
            "hits": 573
        },
        {
            "id": 14866,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14866/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-07-15T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Cosmic Desktop & Phone Wallpapers",
            "description": "We can’t clean up your messy desktop, but we can provide a bit of beauty from the universe to act as a backdrop to it. Here you’ll find a collection of images from across the universe. Download these phone and desktop wallpapers for your screens. ||",
            "hits": 13821
        },
        {
            "id": 14681,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14681/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-10-01T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Launch Your Creativity with Space Crafts",
            "description": "In honor of the completion of our Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope’s spacecraft — the vehicle that will maneuver the observatory to its place in space and enable it to function once there — we’re bringing you some space crafts you can complete at home! || ",
            "hits": 122
        },
        {
            "id": 14628,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14628/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-08-28T11:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "Discovering Earth’s Third Global Energy Field",
            "description": "High above the Earth’s North and South Poles, a steady stream of particles escapes from our atmosphere into space. Scientists call this mysterious outflow the “polar wind,” and for almost 60 years, spacecraft have been flying through it as scientists have theorized about its cause. The leading theory was that a planet-wide electric field was drawing those particles up into space. But this so-called ambipolar electric field, if it exists, is so weak that all attempts to measure it have failed – until now.In 2022, scientists traveled to Svalbard, a small archipelago in Norway, to launch a rocket in an attempt to measure Earth’s ambipolar electric field for the first time. This was NASA’s Endurance rocketship mission, and this is its story.To learn more, visit: https://science.nasa.gov/science-research/heliophysics/nasa-discovers-long-sought-global-electric-field-on-earth/ || ",
            "hits": 235
        },
        {
            "id": 14619,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14619/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-07-17T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Black Hole with Accretion Disk Visualization",
            "description": "This visualization shows the strange ways that light is gravitationally warped in the region around a black hole surrounded by a rapidly-rotating disk of gas and dust. The distortions seen in this image are due to the physics of general relativity, which informs us how the path of light is deflected in the presence of a gravitational field. The material forming a black hole has been compressed to densities so high that it is hidden within an “event horizon,” beyond which the gravitational field is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. Outside of this event horizon light paths will bend sharply, and even loop around the black hole, under the influence of the intense gravitational fields.The speed at which material, in what is known as an accretion disk, orbits the black hole increases with proximity. The orbital speed of material closest to the event horizon approaches the speed of light. This produces an effect known as “relativistic doppler beaming” which enhances the brightness of material moving towards us along our line of sight, and correspondingly dims the brightness of material moving away.The gravitational warping of the light from background stars is strong, creating the effect of a powerful lens. Light from the region directly behind the black hole forms an “Einstein Ring” that encircles the event horizon. Inside this ring we find an inverted view of the entire sky, which is increasingly distorted. The inner black disk is known as the black hole’s “shadow” which appears slightly larger than the actual location of the event horizon due to the distortion of the light paths.The light from the orbiting material is likewise distorted, making the flat accretion disk appear to bend completely around the black hole’s shadow and have the disk behind the black hole appear to be both above and below it. Yet despite these strange visual distortions that change with viewing angle, the accretion disk itself physically remains flat.These illustrations depict what is known as a “Schwarzschild” black hole, made from material that had no overall rotation. A black hole created from rapidly spinning material retains a sense of this rotation and displays additional asymmetries not pictured here; this is known as a “Kerr” black hole.The appearance of a black hole like this is “scale invariant,” meaning that the way light warps around it will appear the same, regardless of the mass of the object. The only thing that changes is the overall size of the distortions and shadow. Thus a black hole ten times as massive as the one shown here, viewed from ten times further away, would look exactly the same.These animations show qualitatively correct depictions of light distortion around a black hole that use a simplified optical model for the effect, rather than full general relativistic ray-tracing code. || ",
            "hits": 1209
        },
        {
            "id": 14620,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14620/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-07-17T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Isolated Black Hole Visualization",
            "description": "This visualization shows the strange ways that light is gravitationally warped in the region around a black hole. The distortions seen in this image are due to the physics of general relativity, which informs us how the path of light is deflected in the presence of a gravitational field. The material forming a black hole has been compressed to densities so high that it is hidden within an “event horizon,” beyond which the gravitational field is so strong that nothing, not even light, can escape. Outside of this event horizon light paths will bend sharply, and even loop around the black hole, under the influence of the intense gravitational fields.The gravitational warping of the light from background stars is strong, creating the effect of a powerful lens. Light from the region directly behind the black hole forms an “Einstein Ring” that encircles the event horizon. Inside this ring we find an inverted view of the entire sky, which is increasingly distorted. The inner black disk is known as the black hole’s “shadow” which appears slightly larger than the actual location of the event horizon due to the distortion of the light paths.These illustrations depict what is known as a “Schwarzschild” black hole, made from material that had no overall rotation. A black hole created from rapidly spinning material retains a sense of this rotation and displays additional asymmetries not pictured here; this is known as a “Kerr” black hole.The appearance a black hole like this is “scale invariant,” meaning that the way light warps around it will appear the same, regardless of the mass of the object. The only thing that changes is the overall size of the distortions and shadow. Thus a black hole ten times as massive as the one shown here, viewed from ten times further away, would look exactly the same.These animations show qualitatively correct depictions of light distortion around a black hole that use a simplified optical model for the effect, rather than full general relativistic ray-tracing code. || ",
            "hits": 1308
        },
        {
            "id": 14301,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14301/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2023-03-08T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Millions of Galaxies Emerge in New Simulated Images From NASA's Roman",
            "description": "This video begins by showing the most distant galaxies in the simulated deep field image in red. As it zooms out, layers of nearer (yellow and white) galaxies are added to the frame. By studying different cosmic epochs, Roman will be able to trace the universe's expansion history, study how galaxies developed over time, and much more.Credit: Caltech-IPAC/R. Hurt and M. Troxel || Roman_Zoom_still.jpg (1920x1080) [515.9 KB] || Roman_Zoom_still_searchweb.png (320x180) [106.4 KB] || Roman_Zoom_still_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || Roman_Zoom-HD2K.mp4 (1920x1080) [25.3 MB] || Roman_Zoom-HD2K.webm (1920x1080) [2.7 MB] || ",
            "hits": 170
        },
        {
            "id": 20362,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20362/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2022-07-07T15:20:00-04:00",
            "title": "Gravity on the Moon vs. Asteroid Bennu: Animation",
            "description": "The lunar surface is better at resisting impacts than the loose surface of asteroid Bennu – thanks to the Moon’s much stronger gravity. || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_print.jpg (1024x576) [74.2 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_searchweb.png (320x180) [60.3 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_thm.png (80x40) [4.3 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [58.2 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [128.0 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.webm (3840x2160) [8.7 MB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.mov (3840x2160) [3.2 GB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes_4K.mp4 (3840x2160) [238.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 127
        },
        {
            "id": 14146,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14146/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-05-04T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Black Hole Desktop & Phone Wallpapers",
            "description": "While black holes can’t emit their own light, matter surrounding and falling toward it can create quite a light show. Here you’ll find a collection of data visualizations, illustrations, and telescope images of black hole environments. Download these phone and desktop wallpapers for your screens. || ",
            "hits": 5506
        },
        {
            "id": 14131,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14131/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-04-12T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Black Hole Week: Traveler and Friends GIFs",
            "description": "Black Hole WeekThis page provides social media assets used during previous celebrations of Black Hole Week. The world of Black Hole Week is populated by a fun bunch of characters, including a little blue explorer (called the Traveler) and their cosmic friends.Below, you'll find tons of GIFs to download and use if you want to join in! || ",
            "hits": 120
        },
        {
            "id": 40436,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/black-hole-week/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2022-02-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Black Hole Week",
            "description": "This gallery brings together resources related to NASA’s Black Hole Week — videos, social media products, news stories, still images, and assets. This week is a celebration of celestial objects with gravity so intense that even light cannot escape them. Our goal is that no matter where people turn that week they will run into a black hole. (Figuratively, of course — we don’t want anyone falling in!)",
            "hits": 302
        },
        {
            "id": 13831,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13831/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2021-04-15T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Visualization Probes the Doubly Warped World of Binary Black Holes",
            "description": "Explore how the extreme gravity of two orbiting supermassive black holes distorts our view. In this visualization, disks of bright, hot, churning gas encircle both black holes, shown in red and blue to better track the light source. The red disk orbits the larger black hole, which weighs 200 million times the mass of our Sun, while its smaller blue companion weighs half as much. Zooming into each black hole reveals multiple, increasingly warped images of its partner. Watch to learn more. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman and Brian P. PowellMusic: \"Gravitational Field\" from Orbit.  Written and produced by Lars Leonhard.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still.jpg (3840x2160) [726.7 KB] || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [18.9 KB] || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_thm.png (80x40) [2.5 KB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_1080.webm (1920x1080) [23.8 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [234.7 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [348.3 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k_Best.mp4 (3840x2160) [936.6 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_ProRes_3840x2160_30.mov (3840x2160) [4.1 GB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k_Best.mp4.hwshow [137 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 384
        },
        {
            "id": 40409,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/fermi-stills/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2020-01-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Fermi Stills",
            "description": "A collection of Fermi-related still images, illustrations, graphics and short clips.",
            "hits": 241
        },
        {
            "id": 13326,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13326/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-09-25T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Black Hole Accretion Disk Visualization",
            "description": "This movie shows a complete revolution around a simulated black hole and its accretion disk following a path that is perpendicular to the disk. The black hole’s extreme gravitational field redirects and distorts light coming from different parts of the disk, but exactly what we see depends on our viewing angle. The greatest distortion occurs when viewing the system nearly edgewise.  As our viewpoint rotates around the black hole, we see different parts of the fast-moving gas in the accretion disk moving directly toward us. Due to a phenomenon called \"relativistic Doppler beaming,\" gas in the disk that's moving toward us makes that side of the disk appear brighter, the opposite side darker. This effect disappears when we're directly above or below the disk because, from that angle, none of the gas is moving directly toward us.When our viewpoint passes beneath the disk, it looks like the gas is moving in the opposite direction. This is no different that viewing a clock from behind, which would make it look like the hands are moving counter-clockwise.CORRECTION: In earlier versions of the 360-degree movies on this page, these important effects were not apparent. This was due to a minor mistake in orienting the camera relative to the disk. The fact that it was not initially discovered by the NASA scientist who made the movie reflects just how bizarre and counter-intuitive black holes can be! Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_print.jpg (1024x1024) [33.2 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [17.0 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_thm.png (80x40) [1.9 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_1080.mp4 (1080x1080) [19.0 MB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_1080.webm (1080x1080) [2.8 MB] || 360 (3840x3840) [0 Item(s)] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k.mp4 (3840x3840) [119.2 MB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.mov (3840x3840) [1020.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 2237
        },
        {
            "id": 30996,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30996/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2018-10-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "GRACE-FO First Light",
            "description": "The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-on (GRACE-FO) mission, launched on May 22, 2018 is a successor to the original 2002 GRACE mission, which monitored Earth's gravity by measuring the distance between two satllites following each other in orbit around Earth. In addition to carrying on the original series of measurements made by a microwave ranging system, the GRACE FO mission will test a new laser ranging interferometer, which will provide higher precision distance measurements.These two images show the first data from the Microwave Ranging Instrument and the Laser Ranging Interferometer (LRI) instrument onboard GRACE FO. The raw data for both instruments is a plot of inter-spacecraft distance, which changes as the spacecraft pass over varying mass distribution caused by features on Earth such as large mountain ranges.The Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment Follow-on (GRACE-FO) mission is a partnership between NASA and the German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ). || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 13025,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13025/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2018-08-01T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Scientist Reveals Greenland's Geologic Past",
            "description": "A new map of Greenland's geothermal heat flux is helping to reveal the path of the North American tectonic plate over geologic time. Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music Provided by Killer Tracks: \"Valfri\" by James Alexander Dorman || FACEBOOK_720_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [173.9 MB] || Greenland_Tectonic_Preview_print.jpg (1024x576) [383.0 KB] || Greenland_Tectonic_Preview.jpg (3840x2160) [3.0 MB] || Greenland_Tectonic_Preview_searchweb.png (320x180) [136.6 KB] || Greenland_Tectonic_Preview_thm.png (80x40) [8.8 KB] || TWITTER_720_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [28.6 MB] || 13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER.webm (960x540) [53.0 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [228.2 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_youtube_1080_Output.en_US.srt [2.5 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_youtube_1080_Output.en_US.vtt [2.5 KB] || YOUTUBE_4K_13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_youtube_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [543.3 MB] || 13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER_youtube_hq.mov (3840x2160) [1.3 GB] || 13025_Greenland_Hotspot_MASTER.mov (3840x2160) [6.3 GB] || ",
            "hits": 50
        },
        {
            "id": 3458,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3458/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-10-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Destination Asteroid",
            "description": "Not far from Earth, dark bodies of rock circle the sun in lonely orbits. These near Earth objects, or NEOs, are asteroids found outside the traditional belt between Mars and Jupiter. Protected from the gravitational tugs and tumbles that affect objects found closer to the gas giant, these asteroids may contain clues about the origins of the solar system. That's why experts from NASA and The University of Arizona want to send a research vehicle to collect a sample. That's OSIRIS. Once approved, the OSIRIS vehicle would leave Earth on a multi-year mission to map and collect samples from a particular NEO called RQ-36.In DESTINATION: ASTEROID, we look behind the scenes as a team of government scientists demonstrates for a visiting group of reporters how the mission will work. This short film explores the basics of the mission, including scientific goals, technical design plans, and a timeline of planned events. Imagination and invention meet in this spirited paean to NASA's legacy for great feats of exploration and discovery. Join us as we set our navigation systems to DESTINATION: ASTEROID. || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 12587,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12587/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-05-02T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Gigantic Wave Discovered in Perseus Galaxy Cluster",
            "description": "A wave spanning 200,000 light-years is rolling through the Perseus galaxy cluster, according to observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory coupled with a computer simulation. The simulation shows the gravitational disturbance resulting from the distant flyby of a galaxy cluster about a tenth the mass of the Perseus cluster. The event causes cooler gas at the heart of the Perseus cluster to form a vast expanding spiral, which ultimately forms giant waves lasting hundreds of millions of years at its periphery. Merger events like this are thought to occur as often as every three to four billion years in clusters like Perseus.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"The Undiscovered\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_print.jpg (1024x575) [47.6 KB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame.png (7342x4129) [4.0 MB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_thm.png (80x40) [3.3 KB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_searchweb.png (320x180) [39.3 KB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [85.7 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.webm (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [85.6 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.m4v (1920x1080) [160.3 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.mov (1920x1080) [241.7 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_SRT_Caption.en_US.vtt [1.7 KB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_SRT_Caption.en_US.srt [1.7 KB] || WMV_12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_HD.wmv (3840x2160) [154.8 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind.mp4 (3840x2160) [306.3 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_Good_4k.mov (3840x2160) [468.4 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_4K.m4v (3840x2160) [792.0 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_youtube_hq.mov (3840x2160) [1.2 GB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_ProRes_3840x2160_2997.mov (3840x2160) [5.2 GB] || ",
            "hits": 144
        },
        {
            "id": 12313,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12313/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-09-20T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Roman Space Telescope Milky Way Exoplanet Locations Animation",
            "description": "Animation illustrating the idea of finding many new exoplanets through gravitational microlensing.  These new discoveries will compliment the exoplanet survey begun by Kepler.Visible light imagery provided by Axel Mellinger, Central Michigan Univ.Credit: NASA Goddard/A. Mellinger (Central Michigan Univ.) || Milky_Way_Location_Animation_print.jpg (1024x576) [147.6 KB] || Milky_Way_Location_Animation.jpg (5760x3240) [2.6 MB] || Milky_Way_Location_Animation_searchweb.png (320x180) [65.3 KB] || Milky_Way_Location_Animation_thm.png (80x40) [4.8 KB] || Milky_Way_Location_Animation_web.png (320x180) [65.3 KB] || Milky_Way_Exo_Locations_H264_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.0 MB] || Milky_Way_Exo_Locations_H264_1080p.mov (1920x1080) [32.6 MB] || Milky_Way_Exo_Locations_5k_ProRes.mov (5760x3240) [2.7 GB] || 5760x3240_16x9_30p (5760x3240) [32.0 KB] || Milky_Way_Exo_Locations_H264_4K.mov (4096x2304) [43.2 MB] || ",
            "hits": 158
        },
        {
            "id": 20244,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20244/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2016-09-20T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Dark Matter Gravitational Lensing Animation",
            "description": "Animation illustrating light from a cluster of galaxies being lensed by dark matter. || GravLens_fr_00168_print.jpg (1024x576) [59.0 KB] || GravLens_fr_00168.png (3840x2160) [3.1 MB] || GravLens_fr_00168_searchweb.png (320x180) [43.7 KB] || GravLens_fr_00168_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || GravLens_H2641080p.mov (1920x1080) [27.1 MB] || GravLens_H2641080p.webm (1920x1080) [1.7 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || GravLens_H264_4K.mov (3840x2160) [35.4 MB] || GravLens_4k_ProRes.mov (3840x2160) [1.4 GB] || ",
            "hits": 216
        },
        {
            "id": 12183,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12183/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-03-24T13:10:18-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Outburst",
            "description": "A NASA spacecraft sees a spectacular explosion on the sun. || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [142.6 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [184.3 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [155.2 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.7 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [88.7 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [20.6 KB] || ",
            "hits": 58
        },
        {
            "id": 12181,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12181/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-03-22T16:56:00-04:00",
            "title": "Mars Gravity Map",
            "description": "Scientists have used small fluctuations in the orbits of three NASA spacecraft to map the gravity field of Mars. || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [238.0 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [324.9 KB] || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [504.9 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [251.2 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.5 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [97.5 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 30730,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30730/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2015-12-16T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "High-Resolution Soil Moisture Maps",
            "description": "These maps combine data from the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) with other satellite and ground-based measurements to model the relative amount of water stored at two different levels: at plant root level and underground. The wetness, or water content, of each layer is compared to the average between 1948 and 2009. The darkest red regions represent dry conditions that should occur only 2 percent of the time (about once every 50 years). All of the maps are experimental products funded by NASA’s Applied Sciences Program and developed by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the National Drought Mitigation Center. The maps do not attempt to represent human consumption of water; but rather, they show changes in water storage related to weather, climate, and seasonal patterns. || ",
            "hits": 95
        },
        {
            "id": 4376,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4376/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-10-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Mass Change from GRACE derived Gravity Observations: Jan 2004 - Jun 2014",
            "description": "GRACE, NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, consists of twin co-orbiting satellites that fly in a near polar orbit separated by a distance of 220 km.  GRACE precisely measures the distance between the two spacecraft in order to make detailed measurements of the Earth's gravitational field.  Since its launch in 2002, GRACE has provided a continuous record of changes in the mass of the Earth's ice sheets.These animations show the change in the mass of the Antarctic Ice Sheet between January 2004 and June 2014 as measured by the pair of GRACE satellites. The 1-arc-deg NASA GSFC mascon solution data was resampled to a 5130 x 5130 data array using Kriging interpolation.  A color scale was applied where blue values indicate an increase in the ice sheet mass while red shades indicate a decrease.  In addition, a graph overlay shows the running total of the accumulated mass change in gigatons.Four separate animations are shown here: one of the full Antarctic Ice Sheet (above) and three of individual regional views (below) showing the regions of West Antarctica, the Antarctic Peninsula and East Antarctica. The time-series of each region is shown with a graph depicting the ice loss for the region alone.  Note that the range on the color scale is different for each regional view in order to portray the most detail possible. Areas outside the region being shown are colored in a pale green to indicate that it is not included in the view.  The floating ice shelves, shown in a lighter shade of green, are also not included.Technical Note:  The glacial isostatic adjustment signal (Earth mass redistribution in response to historical ice loading) has been removed using the ICE-6G model (Peltier et al. 2015). || ",
            "hits": 48
        },
        {
            "id": 4325,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4325/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-08-26T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA GSFC MASCON Solution over Greenland from Jan 2004 - Jun 2014",
            "description": "Visualization of the mass change over Greenland from January 2004 through June 2014.  The surface of Greenland shows the change in equivalent water height while the graph overlay shows the total accumulated change in gigatons. || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30.1322_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.2 KB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30.1322_searchweb.png (180x320) [84.6 KB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30.1322_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30_720p.webm (1280x720) [2.5 MB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.9 MB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.9 MB] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [9.4 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || GRACE_Greenland_wGraph_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [3.4 MB] || MASCON_solution_greenland_4325.key [12.7 MB] || MASCON_solution_greenland_4325.pptx [10.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 29
        },
        {
            "id": 4347,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4347/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-08-26T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA GSFC MASCON Solution over Antarctica from Jan 2004 - Jun 2014",
            "description": "Visualization of the mass change over the Antarctic Ice Sheet from January 2004 through June 2014. The color on the surface of the ice sheet shows the change in equivalent water height while the graph overlay shows the total accumulated change in gigatons. || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [7.7 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [10.4 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_720p.webm (1280x720) [8.7 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || composite (1920x1080) [512.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [3.8 MB] || MASCON_solution_antartica_4347.pptx [11.0 MB] || MASCON_solution_antartica_4347.key [13.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 35
        },
        {
            "id": 4205,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4205/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-09-24T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Earth Science Heads-up Display",
            "description": "On September 10, 2014, NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) was celebrated in an evening event at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC.  The title of this event was \"Vital Signs: Taking the Pulse of Our Planet\", and the speakers at this event included several Earth Scientists from Goddard Space Flight Center.  This animation was used in the beginning of the event to illustrate the interconnectedness of the many Earth-based data sets that NASA has produced over the last decade or so.  The animation simulates a view of the Earth from the International Space Station, over which interconnected data sets are displayed as if on a head-up display. || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 11186,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11186/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-02-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Final Orbit",
            "description": "On December 17, 2012, two NASA spacecraft slammed into a ridge near the moon's north pole. The collisions marked the planned end to NASA's GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) mission. Flying in formation, the twin, washing machine-sized probes, named Ebb and Flow, spent 351 days in lunar orbit mapping the moon's gravitational field. The maps revealed features of the lunar surface and interior in incredible detail, providing scientists with new information about the moon's craggy topography and lumpy crust. Using these maps, researchers will be able to peer back at the moon's early history and better understand its origin and development, along with that of Earth and the other rocky bodies in the solar system. The visualization shows the two spacecraft's final three orbits and their mission-ending crash. || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 3906,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3906/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-02-07T12:40:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Mass Balance from GRACE",
            "description": "In the first comprehensive satellite study of its kind, a University of Colorado Boulder-led team used NASA data to calculate how much Earth's melting land ice is adding to global sea level rise.Using satellite measurements from the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), the researchers measured ice loss in all of Earth's land ice between 2003 and 2010, with particular emphasis on glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica. The total global ice mass lost from Greenland, Antarctica and all Earth's glaciers and ice caps over the period studied was about 4.3 trillion tons (1,000 cubic miles), adding about 12 millimeters (0.5 inches) to global sea level. That's enough ice to cover the United States 1.5 feet (0.5 meters) deep.About a quarter of the average annual ice loss came from glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica (about 148 billion tons, or 39 cubic miles), while ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica and their peripheral ice caps and glaciers averaged roughly 385 billion tons (100 cubic miles) a year. Results of the study are published online Feb. 8 in the journal Nature.\"Earth is losing a huge amount of ice to the ocean annually, and these new results will help us answer important questions in terms of both sea rise and how the planet's cold regions are responding to global change,\" said University of Colorado Boulder physics professor John Wahr, who helped lead the study.\"The strength of GRACE is it sees all the mass in the system, even though its resolution isn't high enough to allow us to determine separate contributions from each individual glacier,\" said Wahr, also a fellow at the University of Colorado-headquartered Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. Traditional estimates of Earth's ice caps and glaciers have been made using ground measurements from relatively few glaciers to infer what all the world's unmonitored glaciers were doing. Only a few hundred of the roughly 200,000 glaciers worldwide have been monitored for longer than a decade.One unexpected study result from GRACE was that the estimated ice loss from high Asian mountain ranges like the Himalaya, the Pamir and the Tien Shan was only about 4 billion tons of ice annually. Some previous ground-based estimates of ice loss in these high Asian mountains have ranged up to 50 billion tons annually, Wahr said.\"The GRACE results in this region really were a surprise,\" said Wahr. \"One possible explanation is that previous estimates were based on measurements taken primarily from some of the lower, more accessible glaciers in Asia and were extrapolated to infer the behavior of higher glaciers. But unlike the lower glaciers, most of the high glaciers are located in very cold environments, and require greater amounts of atmospheric warming before local temperatures rise enough to cause significant melting. This makes it difficult to use low-elevation, ground-based measurements to estimate results from the entire system.\"\"This study finds that the world's small glaciers and ice caps in places like Alaska, South America and the Himalayas contribute about 0.4 millimeters (.02 inches) per year to sea level rise,\" said Tom Wagner, cryosphere program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. \"While this is lower than previous estimates, it confirms that ice is being lost from around the globe, with just a few areas in precarious balance. The results sharpen our view of land ice melting, which poses the biggest, most threatening factor in future sea level rise.\"Launched in 2002, the twin GRACE satellites track changes in Earth's gravity field by noting minute changes in gravitational pull caused by regional variations in Earth's mass, which for periods of months to years is typically due to movements of water on Earth's surface. It does this by measuring changes in the distance between its two identical spacecraft to one-hundredth the width of a human hair. The spacecraft, developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., are in the same orbit approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles) apart. || ",
            "hits": 54
        },
        {
            "id": 3910,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3910/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-02-07T12:40:00-05:00",
            "title": "Ice Sheet Mass Balance from GRACE",
            "description": "In the first comprehensive satellite study of its kind, a University of Colorado Boulder-led team used NASA data to calculate how much Earth's melting land ice is adding to global sea level rise.Using satellite measurements from the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), the researchers measured ice loss in all of Earth's land ice between 2003 and 2010, with particular emphasis on glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica. The total global ice mass lost from Greenland, Antarctica and all Earth's glaciers and ice caps over the period studied was about 4.3 trillion tons (1,000 cubic miles), adding about 12 millimeters (0.5 inches) to global sea level. That's enough ice to cover the United States 1.5 feet (0.5 meters) deep. About a quarter of the average annual ice loss came from glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica (about 148 billion tons, or 39 cubic miles), while ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica and their peripheral ice caps and glaciers averaged roughly 385 billion tons (100 cubic miles) a year. Results of the study are published online Feb. 8 in the journal Nature.\"Earth is losing a huge amount of ice to the ocean annually, and these new results will help us answer important questions in terms of both sea rise and how the planet's cold regions are responding to global change,\" said University of Colorado Boulder physics professor John Wahr, who helped lead the study. \"The strength of GRACE is it sees all the mass in the system, even though its resolution isn't high enough to allow us to determine separate contributions from each individual glacier,\" said Wahr, also a fellow at the University of Colorado-headquartered Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. Traditional estimates of Earth's ice caps and glaciers have been made using ground measurements from relatively few glaciers to infer what all the world's unmonitored glaciers were doing. Only a few hundred of the roughly 200,000 glaciers worldwide have been monitored for longer than a decade. One unexpected study result from GRACE was that the estimated ice loss from high Asian mountain ranges like the Himalaya, the Pamir and the Tien Shan was only about 4 billion tons of ice annually. Some previous ground-based estimates of ice loss in these high Asian mountains have ranged up to 50 billion tons annually, Wahr said. \"The GRACE results in this region really were a surprise,\" said Wahr. \"One possible explanation is that previous estimates were based on measurements taken primarily from some of the lower, more accessible glaciers in Asia and were extrapolated to infer the behavior of higher glaciers. But unlike the lower glaciers, most of the high glaciers are located in very cold environments, and require greater amounts of atmospheric warming before local temperatures rise enough to cause significant melting. This makes it difficult to use low-elevation, ground-based measurements to estimate results from the entire system.\" \"This study finds that the world's small glaciers and ice caps in places like Alaska, South America and the Himalayas contribute about 0.4 millimeters (.02 inches) per year to sea level rise,\" said Tom Wagner, cryosphere program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. \"While this is lower than previous estimates, it confirms that ice is being lost from around the globe, with just a few areas in precarious balance. The results sharpen our view of land ice melting, which poses the biggest, most threatening factor in future sea level rise.\" Launched in 2002, the twin GRACE satellites track changes in Earth's gravity field by noting minute changes in gravitational pull caused by regional variations in Earth's mass, which for periods of months to years is typically due to movements of water on Earth's surface. It does this by measuring changes in the distance between its two identical spacecraft to one-hundredth the width of a human hair. The spacecraft, developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., are in the same orbit approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles) apart. || ",
            "hits": 195
        },
        {
            "id": 3911,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3911/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-02-07T12:40:00-05:00",
            "title": "Mass Balance Change over India from GRACE",
            "description": "In the first comprehensive satellite study of its kind, a University of Colorado Boulder-led team used NASA data to calculate how much Earth's melting land ice is adding to global sea level rise.Using satellite measurements from the NASA/German Aerospace Center Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE), the researchers measured ice loss in all of Earth's land ice between 2003 and 2010, with particular emphasis on glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica. The total global ice mass lost from Greenland, Antarctica and all Earth's glaciers and ice caps over the period studied was about 4.3 trillion tons (1,000 cubic miles), adding about 12 millimeters (0.5 inches) to global sea level. That's enough ice to cover the United States 1.5 feet (0.5 meters) deep. About a quarter of the average annual ice loss came from glaciers and ice caps outside of Greenland and Antarctica (about 148 billion tons, or 39 cubic miles), while ice loss from Greenland and Antarctica and their peripheral ice caps and glaciers averaged roughly 385 billion tons (100 cubic miles) a year. Results of the study are published online Feb. 8 in the journal Nature.\"Earth is losing a huge amount of ice to the ocean annually, and these new results will help us answer important questions in terms of both sea rise and how the planet's cold regions are responding to global change,\" said University of Colorado Boulder physics professor John Wahr, who helped lead the study. \"The strength of GRACE is it sees all the mass in the system, even though its resolution isn't high enough to allow us to determine separate contributions from each individual glacier,\" said Wahr, also a fellow at the University of Colorado-headquartered Cooperative Institute for Research in Environmental Sciences. Traditional estimates of Earth's ice caps and glaciers have been made using ground measurements from relatively few glaciers to infer what all the world's unmonitored glaciers were doing. Only a few hundred of the roughly 200,000 glaciers worldwide have been monitored for longer than a decade. One unexpected study result from GRACE was that the estimated ice loss from high Asian mountain ranges like the Himalaya, the Pamir and the Tien Shan was only about 4 billion tons of ice annually. Some previous ground-based estimates of ice loss in these high Asian mountains have ranged up to 50 billion tons annually, Wahr said. \"The GRACE results in this region really were a surprise,\" said Wahr. \"One possible explanation is that previous estimates were based on measurements taken primarily from some of the lower, more accessible glaciers in Asia and were extrapolated to infer the behavior of higher glaciers. But unlike the lower glaciers, most of the high glaciers are located in very cold environments, and require greater amounts of atmospheric warming before local temperatures rise enough to cause significant melting. This makes it difficult to use low-elevation, ground-based measurements to estimate results from the entire system.\" \"This study finds that the world's small glaciers and ice caps in places like Alaska, South America and the Himalayas contribute about 0.4 millimeters (.02 inches) per year to sea level rise,\" said Tom Wagner, cryosphere program scientist at NASA Headquarters in Washington. \"While this is lower than previous estimates, it confirms that ice is being lost from around the globe, with just a few areas in precarious balance. The results sharpen our view of land ice melting, which poses the biggest, most threatening factor in future sea level rise.\" Launched in 2002, the twin GRACE satellites track changes in Earth's gravity field by noting minute changes in gravitational pull caused by regional variations in Earth's mass, which for periods of months to years is typically due to movements of water on Earth's surface. It does this by measuring changes in the distance between its two identical spacecraft to one-hundredth the width of a human hair. The spacecraft, developed by NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory, Pasadena, Calif., are in the same orbit approximately 220 kilometers (137 miles) apart. || ",
            "hits": 22
        },
        {
            "id": 10764,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10764/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-05-02T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "India's Disappearing Water",
            "description": "During the past decade, groundwater beneath the northern Indian states of Punjab, Haryana, and Rajasthan has decreased by more than 88 million acre-feet. That's nearly eight times the amount held in Lake Mead, the largest reservoir in the United States. Now at risk of experiencing severe shortages of this vital resource are the 120 million inhabitants of those regions. Using NASA's twin GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellites, scientists measured tiny shifts in the Earth's gravitational field to determine the rate of groundwater change in India. Areas in red had slightly less mass due to a net loss of groundwater and therefore exhibited a weaker gravitational pull on the orbiting satellites. Areas in blue had greater mass and a stronger gravitational pull due to a net gain. Watch the data visualization in the first video below to see how India's groundwater supply declined over the six-year period between 2002 and 2008. || ",
            "hits": 92
        },
        {
            "id": 10740,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10740/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-04-07T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "When Neutron Stars Collide",
            "description": "Armed with state-of-the-art supercomputer models, scientists have shown that colliding neutron stars can produce the energetic jet required for a gamma-ray burst. Earlier simulations demonstrated that mergers could make black holes. Others had shown that the high-speed particle jets needed to make a gamma-ray burst would continue if placed in the swirling wreckage of a recent merger. Now, the simulations reveal the middle step of the process—how the merging stars' magnetic field organizes itself into outwardly directed components capable of forming a jet. The Damiana supercomputer at Germany's Max Planck Institute for Gravitational Physics needed six weeks to reveal the details of a process that unfolds in just 35 thousandths of a second—less than the blink of an eye.For the researchers' website, with more video and stills of their simulations, go here. || ",
            "hits": 493
        },
        {
            "id": 3671,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3671/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-01-14T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Amazon Basin Monthly GRACE Data",
            "description": "This visualization displays monthly GRACE data in the Amazon basin. GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) measures mass distribution and in this instance is used to demonstrate water storage and movement in the basin. Warmer colors like red and yellow reveal areas with greater mass, or more water, while cooler colors like blue and green indicate areas with lesser mass, or less water. || ",
            "hits": 163
        },
        {
            "id": 3655,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3655/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-11-24T14:30:00-05:00",
            "title": "GRACE Gravity Model",
            "description": "The following animation displays the Earth's gravitational anomalies. The colors and heights represent the strength of gravity at the locality. Areas with less mass, such as ocean basins, show up as blue, that is less gravity, while mountains such as the Andes are red, representing the greater pull of gravity. The visualization utilizes a version of the GRACE Gravity Model 02 that has been smoothed for greater readability. || ",
            "hits": 1688
        },
        {
            "id": 3595,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3595/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-07-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sentinels of the Heliosphere",
            "description": "Heliophysics is a term to describe the study of the Sun, its atmosphere or the heliosphere, and the planets within it as a system. As a result, it encompasses the study of planetary atmospheres and their magnetic environment, or magnetospheres. These environments are important in the study of space weather.As a society dependent on technology, both in everyday life, and as part of our economic growth, space weather becomes increasingly important. Changes in space weather, either by solar events or geomagnetic events, can disrupt and even damage power grids and satellite communications. Space weather events can also generate x-rays and gamma-rays, as well as particle radiations, that can jeopardize the lives of astronauts living and working in space.This visualization tours the regions of near-Earth orbit; the Earth's magnetosphere, sometimes called geospace; the region between the Earth and the Sun; and finally out beyond Pluto, where Voyager 1 and 2 are exploring the boundary between the Sun and the rest of our Milky Way galaxy. Along the way, we see these regions patrolled by a fleet of satellites that make up NASA's Heliophysics Observatory Telescopes. Many of these spacecraft do not take images in the conventional sense but record fields, particle energies and fluxes in situ. Many of these missions are operated in conjunction with international partners, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA).The Earth and distances are to scale. Larger objects are used to represent the satellites and other planets for clarity.Here are the spacecraft featured in this movie:Near-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTRACE: Observes the Sun in visible and ultraviolet wavelengths. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageGeospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of five satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. SVS pageL1 Fleet: The L1 point is a Lagrange Point, a point between the Earth and the Sun where the gravitational pull is approximately equal. Spacecraft can orbit this location for continuous coverage of the Sun.SOHO: Studies the Sun with cameras and a multitude of other instruments. SVS pageACE: Measures the composition and characteristics of the solar wind. Wind: Measures particle flows and fields in the solar wind. Heliospheric FleetSTEREO-A and B: These two satellites observe the Sun, with imagers and particle detectors, off the Earth-Sun line, providing a 3-D view of solar activity. SVS pageHeliopause FleetVoyager 1 and 2: These spacecraft conducted the original 'Planetary Grand Tour' of the solar system in the 1970s and 1980s. They have now travelled further than any human-built spacecraft and are still returning measurements of the interplanetary medium. SVS pageThis enhanced, narrated visualization was shown at the SIGGRAPH 2009 Computer Animation Festival in New Orleans, LA in August 2009; an eariler version created for AGU was called NASA's Heliophysics Observatories Study the Sun and Geospace. || ",
            "hits": 166
        },
        {
            "id": 3591,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3591/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-04-09T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "STEREO Visits the Lagrange Points - L4 and L5",
            "description": "The two STEREO spacecraft orbit the Sun in orbits slightly different from the Earth. STEREO A orbits between the Earth and the Sun, while STEREO-B orbits beyond the Earth and the Sun. As a result, relative to the Earth, STEREO-A appears to move ahead of the Earth, while STEREO-B falls behind the Earth, in their motion around the Sun.In this configuration, the two spacecraft are now passing near the two stable Lagrange Points, L4 and L5, of the Earth-Sun system. The STEREO spacecraft are imaging these regions in the hopes of finding material that might have been left over from the original formation of the Solar System.Revision Note: April 15, 2009:It was pointed out that L4 and L5 were reversed in the initial release of this visualization. These animations and stills were revised to reflect the corrections. We apologize for any inconvenience. || ",
            "hits": 166
        },
        {
            "id": 3570,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3570/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-12-15T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's Heliophysics Observatories Study the Sun and Geospace",
            "description": "Heliophysics is a term to describe the study of the Sun, its atmosphere or the heliosphere, and the planets within it as a system. As a result, it encompasses the study of planetary atmospheres and their magnetic environment, or magnetospheres. These environments are important in the study of space weather.As a society dependent on technology, both in everyday life, and as part of our economic growth, space weather becomes increasingly important. Changes in space weather, either by solar events or geomagnetic events, can disrupt and even damage power grids and satellite communications. Space weather events can also generate x-rays and gamma-rays, as well as particle radiations, that can jeopardize the lives of astronauts living and working in space.This visualization tours the regions of near-Earth orbit; the Earth's magnetosphere, sometimes called geospace; the region between the Earth and the Sun; and finally out beyond Pluto, where Voyager 1 and 2 are exploring the boundary between the Sun and the rest of our Milky Way galaxy. Along the way, we see these regions patrolled by a fleet of satellites that make up NASA's Heliophysics Observatory Telescopes. Many of these spacecraft do not take images in the conventional sense but record fields, particle energies and fluxes in situ. Many of these missions are operated in conjunction with international partners, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA).The Earth and distances are to scale. Larger objects are used to represent the satellites and other planets for clarity.Here are the spacecraft featured in this movie:Near-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTRACE: Observes the Sun in visible and ultraviolet wavelengths. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageGeospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of five satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. SVS pageL1 Fleet: The L1 point is a Lagrange Point between the Sun and the Earth. Spacecraft can orbit this location for continuous coverage of the Sun.SOHO: Studies the Sun with cameras and a multitude of other instruments. SVS pageACE: Measures the composition and characteristics of the solar wind. Wind: Measures particle flows and fields in the solar wind. Heliospheric FleetSTEREO-A and B: These two satellites observe the Sun, with imagers and particle detectors, off the Earth-Sun line, providing a 3-D view of solar activity. SVS pageHeliopause FleetVoyager 1 and 2: These spacecraft conducted the original 'Planetary Grand Tour' of the solar system in the 1970s and 1980s. They have now travelled further than any human-built spacecraft and are still returning measurements of the interplanetary medium. SVS pageA refined and narrated version of this visualization, Sentinels of the Heliosphere, is now available. || ",
            "hits": 83
        },
        {
            "id": 3364,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3364/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2007-02-07T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "STEREO's Routes to Solar Orbits",
            "description": "The two STEREO spacecraft, A (red path) and B (yellow path), are launched from the Earth into a highly eccentric orbit with an apogee that reaches the orbit of the Moon. Once in this orbit, the trajectories are adjusted so they can receive gravity-assists from the Moon. The gravity assist will send them both into heliocentric orbits, one spacecraft ahead of the Earth and the other behind the Earth.This trajectory was generated using a spacecraft ephemeris generated shortly after launch. || ",
            "hits": 72
        },
        {
            "id": 2970,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2970/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-08-05T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Volumetric Visualization of the Convection-generated Stresses in Earth",
            "description": "The fundamental problem of the deformation of the Earth involves stress conditions on the basis of the crust caused by the mantle convection. Based on decades of satellite gravity data, a harmonic analytical model of the convection flow has been developed at GSFC. The magnitudes and directions of the resultant stresses in the crust were obtained at 64,000 grid points for each of 18 layers from 150 km to 600 km under the Earth. In this project, we explored three dimensional volumetric visualization methods for the data. To overcome the typical volumetric visualization obstacles such as enormous amount of data and opacity of objects in the scene, we developed an interactive and transparent isosurface model to render the volumetric data. a) Animated isosurfaces of earth stress below Hawaii. The blue objects indicate the shape of the stress distribution and the yellow objects indicate the high stress areas. b) Interactive global earth stress. To view the model, please use the QuickTime Player (similarly, please select the QuickTime version of the movie). Hold the left button and drag the mouse horizontally to view areas on the earth at the same depth. Hold the left button and drag the mouse vertically to view the different layers of the stress distributions inside the earth, between 150 km to 600 km deep. || ",
            "hits": 45
        },
        {
            "id": 1089,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1089/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2000-03-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "MOLA Surface Topography With Gravity Texture Map",
            "description": "Rotating Mars showing variations in gravity. || Rotating Mars with colors indicating the strength of the gravitational field. || a001089.00005_print.png (720x480) [489.9 KB] || Gravity_pre.jpg (320x240) [9.2 KB] || a001089_pre.jpg (320x242) [7.8 KB] || a001089.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.9 MB] || a001089.dv (720x480) [179.2 MB] || a001089.mp4 (640x480) [9.8 MB] || Gravity.mov (320x240) [2.9 MB] || a001089.mpg (352x240) [7.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 34
        }
    ]
}