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While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by Pond5.com is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. 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University of Alaska FairbanksThis video can be freely shared and downloaded. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by ASF is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.htmlComplete transcript available. || ABoVE_Title.jpg (1920x1080) [623.7 KB] || ABoVE_Title_searchweb.png (180x320) [91.6 KB] || ABoVE_Title_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || ABoVE_FINAL.webm (1920x1080) [66.4 MB] || TWITTER_ABoVE_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [341.3 MB] || ABoVE.en_US.srt [12.5 KB] || ABoVE.en_US.vtt [11.8 KB] || ABoVE_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.4 GB] || ", "hits": 77 }, { "id": 5036, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5036/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-09-27T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2022, With Graph", "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum area 1979-2022, with graph || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022.1199_print.jpg (576x1024) [188.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_area-w_graph_2022_print_res.png (5760x3240) [14.2 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022.1199_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [34.1 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_HW (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [14.9 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [98.3 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [236 bytes] || ", "hits": 186 }, { "id": 5028, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5028/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-09-22T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Spiral", "description": "A data visualization of the Arctic sea ice extent from October 1978 to September 2022. This version is in units of square miles, see below for version in square kilometers. || Arctic_Spira_mi.01000_print.jpg (1024x1024) [212.5 KB] || Arctic_Spira_mi.01000_searchweb.png (180x320) [61.5 KB] || Arctic_Spira_mi.01000_thm.png (80x40) [4.8 KB] || Arctic_Spira_mi.mp4 (2160x2160) [17.1 MB] || mi (2160x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_Spira_mi.webm (2160x2160) [4.7 MB] || Climate-dashboard.hwshow [1.6 KB] || ", "hits": 231 }, { "id": 5030, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5030/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-09-22T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2022", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2022, Animation || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_print.jpg (1024x576) [125.6 KB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_searchweb.png (180x320) [71.7 KB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || full (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.1 MB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.webm (1920x1080) [7.1 MB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.hwshow [89 bytes] || ", "hits": 82 }, { "id": 5017, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5017/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-08-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Decade of Sea Surface Salinity", "description": "This data visualization shows sea surface salinity (i.e., ocean salt concentration) over a ten year period (2011 to 2021). Warm colors (orange to yellow) are areas of high salinity/hot tropics. Cooler colors (blue to violet) are fresher waters, many of which can be seen coming from rainy/river/wetter tropics. || salinity_v48_8k.4653_print.jpg (1024x512) [132.1 KB] || salinity_v48_8k.4653_searchweb.png (180x320) [80.5 KB] || salinity_v48_8k.4653_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || salinity_v49_1000p30.mp4 (2000x1000) [56.3 MB] || 2000x1000_2x1_60p (2000x1000) [0 Item(s)] || salinity_v49_1000p30.webm (2000x1000) [14.5 MB] || salinity_v49_1000p60.mp4 (2000x1000) [31.9 MB] || 8000x4000_2x1_60p (8000x4000) [0 Item(s)] || salinity_v49_8k_2000p30_h265.mp4 (4000x2000) [88.0 MB] || ", "hits": 395 }, { "id": 5020, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5020/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-08-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Salinity Trend", "description": "This data visualization shows the areas where sea surface salinity has increased (depicted in red) and descreased (depicted in blue) over ten years (2011 to 2021). || trend_2k.png (2000x1000) [870.4 KB] || trend_8k.png (8000x4000) [12.8 MB] || trend_4k.png (4000x2000) [3.3 MB] || trend_8k_print.jpg (1024x512) [169.6 KB] || trend_8k_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.8 KB] || trend_8k_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || trend_2k.tif (2000x1000) [50.0 MB] || trend_8k.tif (8000x4000) [94.0 MB] || trend_4k.tif (4000x2000) [193.2 MB] || sea-surface-salinity-trend.hwshow [258 bytes] || ", "hits": 94 }, { "id": 5002, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5002/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-05-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2022", "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum 1979-2021, with graph || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_print.jpg (1024x576) [180.1 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_searchweb.png (180x320) [80.4 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [33.7 MB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.5 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [89.2 MB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ", "hits": 60 }, { "id": 4995, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4995/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-04-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Snow Cover and Sea Ice Cycle at Both Poles", "description": "Visualization showing the changes in snow cover and sea ice with the seasons, for the years 2019-2021. || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [121.9 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_searchweb.png (180x320) [64.0 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_web.png (320x180) [64.0 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [25.6 MB] || sea_ice_sidexside_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [7.1 MB] || full_video (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_sidexside_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [65.8 MB] || ", "hits": 213 }, { "id": 4985, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4985/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-03-22T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum 2022", "description": "Arctic sea ice maximum, February 25, 2022 || sea_ice_max_2022_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || sea_ice_max_2022.png (3840x2160) [6.8 MB] || sea_ice_max_2022_searchweb.png (320x180) [76.7 KB] || sea_ice_max_2022_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 4878, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4878/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-03-30T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum 2021", "description": "2021 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Extent, Animation, With Dates || sea_ice_2021_max_4k.2200_print.jpg (1024x576) [127.2 KB] || sea_ice_2021_max_4k.2200_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.9 KB] || sea_ice_2021_max_4k.2200_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || w_dates (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_2021_max_4k_2160p60.webm (3840x2160) [30.7 MB] || sea_ice_2021_max_4k_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [116.7 MB] || sea_ice_2021_max_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [104.6 MB] || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 13825, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13825/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2021-03-30T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "2021 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Extent Ranks Seventh-Lowest on Record", "description": "On March 21, 2021, Arctic sea ice reached its maximum extent, tying with 2007 for the seventh-lowest maximum on record. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 4867, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4867/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-10-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2020 with Area Graph", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2020, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print.jpg (1024x576) [173.8 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.5 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || sea_ice_w_graph_2020 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.4 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.2 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [206 bytes] || ", "hits": 148 }, { "id": 13722, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13722/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2020-09-21T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Sees High Temperatures, Wildfires, and Annual Sea Ice Minimum Extent in Warming Arctic", "description": "Music: Curves Ahead by Donn Wilkerson [BMI] and Genetic Analyzer by Le Fat Club [SACEM]Complete transcript available. || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail.jpg (1920x1080) [550.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [93.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Thumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [9.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_FINAL.mp4 (1920x1080) [741.6 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_FINAL.webm (1920x1080) [41.5 MB] || ArcticSeaIce2020.en_US.srt [6.9 KB] || ArcticSeaIce2020.en_US.vtt [6.9 KB] || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 4813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4813/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-04-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Day 2020: Biosphere", "description": "Global Biosphere data from 1997 through 2017 with corresponding colorbars and date stamp.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || earthday_bio_comp.0000_print.jpg (1024x576) [95.0 KB] || earthday_bio_comp.0000_searchweb.png (320x180) [51.5 KB] || earthday_bio_comp.0000_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || earthday_biosphere_composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || earthday_bio_comp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [17.9 MB] || earthday_bio_comp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [106.0 MB] || captions_silent.29351.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || earthday_bio_comp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ", "hits": 67 }, { "id": 13577, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13577/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2020-04-07T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Witness the Breathtaking Beauty of Earth's Polar Regions with NASA's Operation IceBridge", "description": "VIDEO: \"Witness the Breathtaking Beauty of Earth’s Polar Regions\"Operation IceBridge recorded the diversity and fragility of our rapidly changing polar regions. These areas are some of the most inhospitable, but breathtaking places on Earth. Sit back and witness the polar regions, from western Greenland to Antarctica. Notable features include the Pine Island Glacier, Larsen C ice shelf, and rapid summer melt on the western Greenland Ice Sheet. Learn more: Operation IceBridgeMusic Provided by Universal Production Music: \"Arabesque No.1\" by Claude Debussy [PD]This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_print.jpg (1024x576) [156.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_searchweb.png (320x180) [102.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_web.png (320x180) [102.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.mp4 (1920x1080) [240.8 MB] || TWITTER_720_13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic_VX-313147_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [25.0 MB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic_VX-313147.webm (960x540) [61.6 MB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.mov (1920x1080) [1.7 GB] || Cryosphere.en_US.srt [52 bytes] || Cryosphere.en_US.vtt [65 bytes] || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 4811, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4811/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-03-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum 2020", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Extent 2020, With Labels || sea_ice_max_2020_w_caption_print.jpg (1024x576) [199.5 KB] || sea_ice_max_2020_w_caption.jpg (5760x3240) [2.1 MB] || sea_ice_max_2020_w_caption_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || sea_ice_max_2020_w_caption_web.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || sea_ice_max_2020_w_caption_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || ", "hits": 87 }, { "id": 13525, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13525/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2020-01-20T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Science on Thin Ice", "description": "Music: \"Crystalline,\" \"Simple Truths,\" \"Afterlife,\" \"Echoes on Echoes,\" Universal Production Music.Complete transcript available. || mosaic_thumb_print.jpg (1024x572) [55.8 KB] || mosaic_thumb.png (3258x1820) [6.6 MB] || mosaic_thumb_searchweb.png (180x320) [73.1 KB] || mosaic_thumb_thm.png (80x40) [5.1 KB] || MOSAiC_prores.mov (1920x1080) [3.4 GB] || MOSAiC_social.mp4 (1920x1080) [257.6 MB] || MOSAiC_prores.webm (1920x1080) [27.6 MB] || MOSAiC.en_US.srt [4.6 KB] || MOSAiC.en_US.vtt [4.6 KB] || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 13519, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13519/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2020-01-14T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA’s IMPACTS Campaign Seeks to Decode East Coast Winter Storms", "description": "Complete transcript available.This video can be freely shared and downloaded. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by pond5.com and Artbeats is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. Specific details on stock footage may be found here. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.html.Music: \"Snowfall\" by Andy Blythe [PRS], Marten Joustra [PRS], \"Snow Blanket\" by Benjamin James Parsons [PRS] || IMPACTS_Image.jpg (1920x1080) [868.0 KB] || IMPACTS_Image_print.jpg (1024x576) [338.0 KB] || IMPACTS_Image_searchweb.png (320x180) [127.1 KB] || IMPACTS_Image_web.png (320x180) [127.1 KB] || IMPACTS_Image_thm.png (80x40) [8.3 KB] || IMPACTS_Final.webm (960x540) [47.1 MB] || IMPACTS_Final.mp4 (1920x1080) [273.8 MB] || IMPACTS_Final_EN.us.en_US.srt [3.2 KB] || IMPACTS_Final_EN.us.en_US.vtt [3.2 KB] || IMPACTS_Final.mov (1920x1080) [1.9 GB] || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 4786, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4786/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-01-10T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019 with Area Graph", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1200_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.2 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || minimum_with_graph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.2 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ", "hits": 38 }, { "id": 13501, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13501/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-11T15:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA’s Operation IceBridge Completes Eleven Years of Polar Surveys", "description": "Music:Foraging At Duskby Benjamin James Parsons [PRS];Orchestra Grooveby James Alexander Dorman [PRS];Watching Ladybirdsby Benjamin James Parsons [PRS];Nanofiberby Andrew Michael Britton [PRS], David Stephen Goldsmith [PRS]Complete transcript available. || OIBTop10_FINAL_COLOR.00_00_58_00.Still001.jpg (1920x1080) [743.5 KB] || OIBTop10_2019.mov (1920x1080) [1.1 GB] || OIBTop10_2019.webm (960x540) [139.0 MB] || OIBTop10_2019.mp4 (1920x1080) [542.3 MB] || OIBTop10_FINAL_COLOR.en_US.srt [6.4 KB] || OIBTop10_FINAL_COLOR.en_US.vtt [6.4 KB] || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 13490, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13490/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Alaskan Operations", "description": "In Alaska, 5 percent of the land is covered by glaciers that are losing a lot of ice and contributing to sea level rise. To monitor these changes, a small team of NASA-funded researchers has been flying scientific instruments on a bright red, single-engine plane since spring 2009.While scientists at the Goddard Space Flight Center managed the two larger yearly field campaigns in the Arctic and Antarctica, monitoring Alaskan glaciers fell on a smaller team based at the University of Fairbanks, Alaska. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 13434, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13434/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Thule, Greenland Landscape", "description": "Thule, Greenland has been one of the major hubs of Operation IceBridge since the mission began in 2009. The Thule Air Base, located 750 miles north of the Arctic circle, has been a critical hub of IceBridge Arctic flights during the course of the mission. || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 13435, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13435/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Svalbard, Norway Landscape", "description": "In 2017, IceBridge expanded its reach to explore the Arctic’s Eurasian Basin through two research flights based out of Svalbard, a Norwegian archipelago in the northern Atlantic Ocean.The addition of Svalbard allowed the mission to collect data on sea ice and snow in a scarcely measured section of the Arctic Ocean and its surrounding seas, along with measurements of a few glaciers in the Svalbard archipelago. || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 13437, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13437/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Arctic NOAA Flights", "description": "In Spring of 2016, Operation IceBridge conducted its eight spring Arctic survey of polar ice over the course of five weeks. Six research flights studying sea ice were based in Thule, Greenland, while ten that focused on land ice flew out of Kangerlussuaq in southern Greenland.For the survey, the crew utilized National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s P-3 Orion Hurricane Hunter plane. NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Virginia provided the laser altimeter and one of the infrared cameras on the P-3. IceBridge's three radar instruments came from the Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets at the University of Kansas, while NASA's Ames Research Center at Moffett Field, California, provided the Digital Mapping System, and the University of Colorado loaned the second infrared camera.During this campaign the IceBridge aircraft flew under the path of Sentinel-3A, a recently launched ESA satellite that carries a radar altimeter that gauges sea ice thickness. Scientists will compare the Sentinel-3A measurements to the data IceBridge collected over the same spots with its radar and laser altimeters. This comparison will help validate and refine Sentinel-3A’s data gathering. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 13439, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13439/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - DC8 Aircraft", "description": "NASA operates a highly modified Douglas DC-8 jetliner as a flying science laboratory. The aircraft, based at the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center facility in Palmdale, California, is used to collect data for experiments in support of projects serving the world's scientific community, including Antarctic flights as part of Operation IceBridge. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 13442, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13442/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - GV Aircraft", "description": "NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001.jpg (1920x1080) [454.2 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [180.7 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.1 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_web.png (320x180) [89.1 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13442_2011_G5_cockpit_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.1 MB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.webm (960x540) [5.7 MB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV (1920x1080) [69.3 MB] || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 13443, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13443/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 Aircraft", "description": "The P-3B aircraft is ideally suited for low altitude heavy lift airborne science missions. The NASA P-3B has a long history of supporting cryosphere studies, and due to the long range of the aircraft, it is able to support ice sheet studies in both the Arctic and Antarctica polar regions.NASA's P-3B is a four-engine turboprop, capable of long duration flights of 8-12 hours and is based out of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, VA. It will support the same suite of IceBridge instruments also flown in the IceBridge 2009-2012 Arctic and Antarctic campaigns, with exception of the Land, Vegetation, and Ice Sensor (LVIS), which in Arctic 2012 campaign flew on the NASA's new Falcon aircraft.The P-3B last flew with IceBridge on their 2012 Arctic campaign, during which the aircraft made flights out of both Kangerlussuaq and Thule, Greenland and will once again support IceBridge for the Arctic 2013 campaign || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 13447, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13447/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Misc Onboard Activity", "description": "NASA’s Operation IceBridge images Earth’s polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise.Now, for the first time since its inaugural flights a decade ago, while IceBridge is mapping Greenland’s ice from the air, one of NASA’s newest satellite missions, the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2), is simultaneously mapping that ice from space. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 13450, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13450/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 on Runway", "description": "4K Wide shot of P3-Orion taxiing on runway. Filmed during the 2019 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_03_13_57.Still001_print.jpg (1024x540) [190.7 KB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_03_13_57.Still001.jpg (4096x2160) [2.0 MB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_03_13_57.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.2 KB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_03_13_57.Still001_web.png (320x168) [75.8 KB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_03_13_57.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [149.9 MB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.webm (960x540) [37.5 MB] || 13450_P3_Taxi_Canon_2019_4K.mov (4096x2160) [9.1 GB] || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 13451, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13451/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Loading Aircraft", "description": "4K B-roll of loading the P3-Orion aircraft at the Thule Air Base. Filmed during the 2019 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_01_14_15.Still001_print.jpg (1024x540) [256.0 KB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_01_14_15.Still001.jpg (4096x2160) [2.3 MB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_01_14_15.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [106.7 KB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_01_14_15.Still001_web.png (320x168) [100.5 KB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_01_14_15.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [73.5 MB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.webm (960x540) [20.5 MB] || 13451_P3_Loading_Canon_2019_4K.mov (4096x2160) [4.5 GB] || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 13452, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13452/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Inspecting P3 Aircraft", "description": "NASA’s Operation IceBridge images Earth’s polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise.The IceBridge 2019 springtime flights use NASA Wallops Flight Facility’s P-3 Orion aircraft. The plane carries a comprehensive instrument suite: two laser altimeters that measure ice surface elevation, two radar systems to study snow layers and the bedrock underneath the ice sheet, a high-resolution camera that generates georeferenced images of polar ice, a hyperspectral imager that records the brightness of the surface across a wide spectral range, and an infrared camera to measure the surface temperature of ice. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 13453, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13453/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 Taxi in Thule, Greenland", "description": "4K B-roll collection of P3-Orion on runway at Thule Air Base. Filmed during the 2018 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov.00_07_58_23.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [223.1 KB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov.00_07_58_23.Still001.jpg (3840x2160) [2.1 MB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov.00_07_58_23.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [111.3 KB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov.00_07_58_23.Still001_web.png (320x180) [111.3 KB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov.00_07_58_23.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [8.3 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [411.5 MB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.webm (960x540) [114.2 MB] || 13453_4K_P3_2018_Taxi.mov (3840x2160) [11.4 GB] || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 13454, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13454/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 Cockpit Arctic Campaign", "description": "B-roll of cockpit operations of P3-Orion aircraft. Filmed during the 2018 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov.00_13_02_03.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [273.9 KB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov.00_13_02_03.Still001.jpg (3840x2160) [1.8 MB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov.00_13_02_03.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [135.0 KB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov.00_13_02_03.Still001_web.png (320x180) [135.0 KB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov.00_13_02_03.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [9.1 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [53.6 MB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.webm (960x540) [15.3 MB] || 13454_iPhone_2018_Cockpit.mov (3840x2160) [3.3 GB] || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 13455, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13455/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 Taxi and Takeoff in Thule, Greenland", "description": "B-roll collection of 4K footage of P3-Orion at Thule Air Base. Filmed during the 2017 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov.00_11_36_18.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [207.5 KB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov.00_11_36_18.Still001.jpg (3840x2160) [2.0 MB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov.00_11_36_18.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [103.9 KB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov.00_11_36_18.Still001_web.png (320x180) [103.9 KB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov.00_11_36_18.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [7.5 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [523.8 MB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.webm (960x540) [135.9 MB] || 13455_4K_P3_2017_TakeOffLandTaxi.mov (3840x2160) [15.5 GB] || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 13456, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13456/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 on Runway in Thule, Greenland", "description": "NASA's P-3 is a four-engine turboprop based out of Wallops and capable of long duration flights of 8-12 hours. It is supporting the same suite of IceBridge instruments flown in the past IceBridge Arctic and Antarctic campaigns. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 13463, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13463/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation Ice Bridge - Arctic Airborne Topographic Mapper", "description": "The Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM), developed at NASA Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va., is a scanning laser altimeter that measures changes in ice surface elevation. It accomplishes this by reflecting lasers off the ice surface and measuring the time it takes light to return to the aircraft, usually flying between 1000 and 2000 feet above the ground. By combining this timing data with detailed information about the aircraft’s position and attitude from GPS and inertial navigation systems, ATM can measure topography to an accuracy of as small as four inches. By flying ATM over the same swath of ground previously covered by ICESat, researchers can maintain a record of changes.In addition, the precise data from ATM’s navigation system can be fed to pilot displays in the cockpit or even electronically sent to the automatic pilot system, keeping the aircraft aligned with the planned survey track. This keeps the aircraft along the planned ATM survey swath and also benefits the other IceBridge instruments by minimizing aircraft roll and horizontal acceleration.The ATM has been participating in NASA's Operation IceBridge since 2009. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 13464, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13464/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Flight Path Indicator", "description": "4K B-roll from 2019 Arctic campaign. NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_00_03_39.Still001_print.jpg (1024x540) [279.9 KB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_00_03_39.Still001.jpg (4096x2160) [2.3 MB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_00_03_39.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [137.3 KB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_00_03_39.Still001_web.png (320x168) [129.0 KB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov.00_00_03_39.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [9.1 KB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.webm (960x540) [7.1 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [23.2 MB] || 13464_Instrument_Flight_Canon_2019_4K.mov (4096x2160) [1.8 GB] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 13465, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13465/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Misc.", "description": "NASA’s Operation IceBridge images Earth’s polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise. IceBridge also helps bridge the gap in polar observations between NASA’s ICESat satellite missions.The below clips represent a miscellaneous collection of instruments used during the Arctic campaigns. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 13466, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13466/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Outreach", "description": "Throughout the mission, IceBridge has directly connected with over 11,000 students while flying in the Arctic and Antarctic through live classroom chats using the Mission Tools Suite for Education. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 13467, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13467/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Radar", "description": "The University of Kansas's Center for Remote Sensing of Ice Sheets (CReSIS) operates a variety of radar instruments on the IceBridge P-3B and DC-8 airborne laboratories. Each of these instruments uses a different frequency band, which gives them the ability to examine the entire ice column, ranging from the surface, through accumulated snow and all the way down to the bedrock below.Radar Instruments Used:Multichannel Coherent Radar Depth Sounder (MCoRDS)Snow RadarAccumulation RadarKu-Band Radar AltimeterHigh Capability Radar Sounder (HiCARS) || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 13468, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13468/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Snow Radar", "description": "The snow radar instrument measures the thickness of snow on top of sea ice, which allows researchers to make more accurate sea ice thickness measurements. Scientists can measure sea ice freeboard, or the amount above the water’s surface, and using the known ratio of ice above and below water to calculate thickness. Snow accumulation can give higher freeboard figures, skewing these results, so knowing snow accumulation is important for measuring sea ice thickness. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 13469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13469/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Greenland Glaciers", "description": "Greenland’s more than 200 major outlet glaciers are constantly on the move, most of them draining ice from the central ice sheet. Jakobshavn is Greenland’s fastest-moving glacier, and the flow rate is variable with spurts of speed in the summer and additional variation from year to year.When an ice tongue such as the Jakobshavn calves, the glacier feeding that ice tongue typically accelerates. Reduced friction between the intact glacier and the bedrock, and reduced buoyancy from the seawater (which partially offsets the glacier’s downhill flow) mean less resistance to glacier movement. Warming conditions in the Arctic contribute to glacier acceleration in multiple ways. Warmer conditions can send meltwater to the glacier’s base, increasing lubrication and consequently glacier speed. During the winter, the rate of iceberg calving usually slows significantly; the glacier tongue advances, and its flow speed drops. Warm winters, however, may allow iceberg calving and high flow rates to continue.Since 2000, Greenland has lost some 739 gigatons of ice, and approximately 30 percent of that loss came from Jakobshavn and four other glaciers || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 13470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13470/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Greenland Melt", "description": "Each spring and summer, as the air warms up and the sunlight beats down on the Greenland ice sheet, sapphire-colored ponds spring up like swimming pools. As snow and ice melt atop the glaciers, the water flows in channels and streams and collects in depressions on the surface. The ponds provide an important indicator of how much the ice sheet is melting in a given year.Not only are melt ponds indicators of melt, but they also hint at how fast glaciers will shed ice into the sea. Melt ponds drain to the base of the ice sheet through crevasses. Flowing between the ice and the underlying bedrock, the water lubricates the bottom of the glacier, allowing it to flow more smoothly over the land surface and to shed ice more quickly at the coasts.Melting also darkens the ice sheet surface. Fresh snow is bright white; when it melts, older and darker ice is exposed. Old ice can be as much as 30 percent less reflective than the younger, brighter snow. The darker old ice absorbs more energy, which leads to more melting and further darkening of the glacial surface. || ", "hits": 168 }, { "id": 13471, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13471/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Icebergs", "description": "Icebergs start as land ice—snow that has accumulated on land and, over the course of many years, has been compacted into ice. When this glacial ice flows downstream and reaches the sea, cracks in the ice are widened as warm water and air melt the ice from below and above, respectively. When these cracks become large enough, pieces break off like fingernail clippings and drift into the water as icebergs. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 13473, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13473/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Svalbard", "description": "In its ninth year, Operation IceBridge operated three missions out of a base in Svalbard, Norway. The expanded reach across the Arctic Basin provided critical data to IceBridge's scientific mission. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 13477, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13477/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Spring Svalbard Sea Ice", "description": "On April 7, 2017, Operation IceBridge flew the distinct Zig Zag East mission. This flight started in the rugged fjords of Svalbard, passed over hundreds of miles of sea ice en route to the North Pole, flew through the narrow Nares Strait, and finally returned the team back to Thule Air Base in Greenland. The clip below shows dramatic sea ice encountered north of Svalbard as the mission prepard to cross the Fram Strait (the primary pathway that sea ice from the Arctic Basin gets out to warmer ocean). This type of sea ice is commonly referred to as broken pack ice. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 13441, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13441/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Pine Island Glacier", "description": "Pine Island Glacier is one of many outlet glaciers around the perimeter of Antarctica, but observations have shown that this glacier is worth extra attention. It is, along with neighboring Thwaites Glacier, one of the main pathways for ice entering the Amundsen Sea from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and one the fastest-retreating glaciers in Antarctica. Collectively, the region contains enough vulnerable ice to raise global sea level by 1.2 meters (4 feet).Operation IceBridge routinely surveyed the glacier during its annual missions over the continent. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 13444, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13444/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Transits", "description": "NASA is carrying out its sixth consecutive year of Operation IceBridge research flights over Antarctica in 2014 to study changes in the continent’s ice sheet, glaciers and sea ice. For several weeks, researchers flew aboard NASA’s DC-8 research aircraft out of Punta Arenas, Chile. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 13445, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13445/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Crew Activity Oboard", "description": "NASA's P-3B and DC-8 airborne laboratories have been the workhorses of Operation IceBridge. These aircraft house several sophisticated instruments for measuring snow depth, ice elevation and thickness, surface temperature, bed topography and other characteristics of sea ice, ice sheets and glaciers. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 13459, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13459/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Fissures", "description": "Ice shelves are the floating parts of ice streams and glaciers, and they buttress the grounded ice behind them; when ice shelves collapse, the ice behind accelerates toward the ocean, where it then adds to sea level rise. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 13460, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13460/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Ice Shelf", "description": "Larsen C, a floating platform of glacial ice on the east side of the Antarctic Peninsula, is the fourth-largest ice shelf on the coast of Antarctica. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 13461, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13461/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Icebergs", "description": "Tabular icebergs float near the Weddell Sea in Antarctica || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 13462, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13462/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Weddell Sea Ice", "description": "NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001.jpg (1920x1080) [1.0 MB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [394.9 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [119.4 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_web.png (320x180) [119.4 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.webm (960x540) [89.4 MB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov (1920x1080) [5.0 GB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [335.0 MB] || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 13446, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13446/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-11-25T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Instrument Panels", "description": "NASA's P-3B and DC-8 airborne laboratories have been the workhorses of Operation IceBridge. These aircraft house several sophisticated instruments for measuring snow depth, ice elevation and thickness, surface temperature, bed topography and other characteristics of sea ice, ice sheets and glaciers.The airborne laboratories have been joined by other aircraft, such as NASA's C-130 Hercules, King Air B-200 and HU-25C Falcon, the Gulfstream G-V owned by the National Science Foundation and operated by NCAR’s Research Aviation Facility, the University of Texas Institute for Geophysics' (UTIG) chartered Kenn Borek Basler BT-67, and a variety of small planes used by researchers from the University of Alaska-Fairbanks (UAF). These aircraft increase the number of instruments IceBridge can field at one time, greatly expand the geographic area covered and add a higher-altitude perspective on polar ice. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 13440, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13440/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-11-22T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Airborne Topographic Mapper", "description": "The Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM), developed at NASA Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va., is a scanning laser altimeter that measures changes in ice surface elevation. It accomplishes this by reflecting lasers off the ice surface and measuring the time it takes light to return to the aircraft, usually flying between 1000 and 2000 feet above the ground. By combining this timing data with detailed information about the aircraft’s position and attitude from GPS and inertial navigation systems, ATM can measure topography to an accuracy of as small as four inches. By flying ATM over the same swath of ground previously covered by ICESat, researchers can maintain a record of changes.In addition, the precise data from ATM’s navigation system can be fed to pilot displays in the cockpit or even electronically sent to the automatic pilot system, keeping the aircraft aligned with the planned survey track. This keeps the aircraft along the planned ATM survey swath and also benefits the other IceBridge instruments by minimizing aircraft roll and horizontal acceleration. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 4750, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4750/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2019-09-30T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Weekly Arctic Sea Ice Age with Graph of Ice Age By Area: 1984 - 2019", "description": "This visualization shows the age of the Arctic sea ice between 1984 and 2019. Younger sea ice, or first-year ice, is shown in a dark shade of blue while the ice that is four years old or older is shown as white. A graph displayed in the upper left corner quantifies the area covered sea ice 4 or more years old in millions of square kilometers.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph.3714_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.7 KB] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph.3714_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.6 KB] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph.3714_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [90.9 MB] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [14.9 MB] || iceAge_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || captions_silent.27894.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [255.2 MB] || IceAge_2019_comp_withGraph_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [200 bytes] || ", "hits": 210 }, { "id": 13309, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13309/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-09-23T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Reaches 2019 Minimum Extent", "description": "Music: Hiraeth by Anthony Edwin Phillips [PRS], James Edward CollinsComplete transcript available. || Arctic_Min_2019_Thumbnail_LKW.png (1920x1080) [2.2 MB] || Arctic_Min_2019_Thumbnail_LKW_print.jpg (1024x576) [102.3 KB] || Arctic_Min_2019_Thumbnail_LKW_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.1 KB] || Arctic_Min_2019_Thumbnail_LKW_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || Arctic_Min_2019_LKW.mov (1920x1080) [3.8 GB] || Arctic_Min_2019_LKW.webm (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || Arctic_Min_2019_LKW.mp4 (1920x1080) [182.4 MB] || Arctic_Min_2019_LKW.en_US.srt [3.4 KB] || Arctic_Min_2019_LKW.en_US.vtt [3.3 KB] || ", "hits": 58 }, { "id": 13303, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13303/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-09-05T17:00:00-04:00", "title": "Albedo Animation", "description": "This is a conceptual animation showing how polar ice reflects light from the sun. || ", "hits": 174 }, { "id": 4723, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4723/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2019-03-20T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum 2019", "description": "Animation of Arctic sea ice extent between its minimum on September 23, 2018 and its maximum on March 13, 2019. || maximum.1500_print.jpg (1024x576) [109.7 KB] || maximum.1500_searchweb.png (320x180) [82.0 KB] || maximum.1500_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || full (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || maximum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.6 MB] || maximum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || maximum_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [181 bytes] || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 13157, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13157/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-03-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2019 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Continues Trend of Decline", "description": "Music: Ambience by Axel Coon [GEMA], Ralf Goebel [GEMA] || Max19_Thumb_print.jpg (1024x578) [88.7 KB] || Max19_Thumb.png (3344x1888) [5.7 MB] || Max19_Thumb_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.5 KB] || Max19_Thumb_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || 13157_Max19.mp4 (1920x1080) [74.2 MB] || 13157_Max19.webm (1920x1080) [8.3 MB] || 13157_SeaIceMax19.mov (1920x1080) [621.1 MB] || SeaIceMax19.en_US.srt [954 bytes] || SeaIceMax19.en_US.vtt [965 bytes] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 13554, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13554/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-12-19T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Explorers | Season One: Cryosphere", "description": "Music: Very Fast Swing by Claude Salmieri and Fabien Colella Complete transcript available. || CRYO_Trailer_Thumbnail.png (1920x1080) [926.9 KB] || CRYO_Trailer_Thumbnail_print.jpg (1024x576) [57.5 KB] || CRYO_Trailer_Thumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [65.6 KB] || CRYO_Trailer_Thumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || Cryo_ShowTeaser.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.5 MB] || Cryo_ShowTeaser.webm (1920x1080) [5.0 MB] || CryoTeaser_FINAL.en_US.srt [966 bytes] || CryoTeaser_FINAL.en_US.vtt [979 bytes] || ", "hits": 82 }, { "id": 13089, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13089/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-10-11T13:15:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Cover Is the Thinnest and Youngest It's Been in 60 Years", "description": "Music: Galore by Lee Groves [PRS], Peter George Marett [PRS]Complete transcript available. || YOUTUBE_1080_13089_SeaIceThinning_youtube_1080.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [237.9 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13089_SeaIceThinning_youtube_1080.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [136.4 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13089_SeaIceThinning_youtube_1080.00001_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || YOUTUBE_720_13089_SeaIceThinning_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [139.9 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13089_SeaIceThinning_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [138.5 MB] || 13089_SeaIceThinning.webm (960x540) [34.4 MB] || TWITTER_720_13089_SeaIceThinning_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [16.9 MB] || FACEBOOK_720_13089_SeaIceThinning_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [101.9 MB] || 13089_SeaIceThinning.mov (1920x1080) [2.4 GB] || 13089_SeaIceThinning.en_US.srt [1.4 KB] || 13089_SeaIceThinning.en_US.vtt [1.4 KB] || ", "hits": 49 }, { "id": 4684, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4684/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-09-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 2018 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent", "description": "Animation of Maximum to Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent, 2018, with 30-Year Average || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_web.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_exent_w_avg (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [30.8 MB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 13075, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13075/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-09-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "2018 Arctic Sea Ice Ties for Sixth Lowest Minimum Extent on NASA Record", "description": "Music: Haunting Memories by Emmanuel David Lipszyc [SACEM], Franck Lascombes [SACEM], Sébastien Lipszyc [SACEM]Complete transcript available. || sea_ice_min_w_avg_print_res_print.jpg (1024x576) [119.6 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_avg_print_res_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [83.3 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_avg_print_res_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || TWITTER_720_13075_SeaIceMin18_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [50.6 MB] || 13075_SeaIceMin18.webm (960x540) [92.8 MB] || FACEBOOK_720_13075_SeaIceMin18_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [282.4 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13075_SeaIceMin18_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [378.5 MB] || SeaIce18.en_US.srt [4.3 KB] || SeaIce18.en_US.vtt [4.3 KB] || 13075_SeaIceMin18.mov (1920x1080) [6.2 GB] || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 4686, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4686/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2018 with Area Graph", "description": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1200_print.jpg (1024x576) [145.7 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_web.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || min_w_graph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.0 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 13047, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13047/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-08-17T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "New Arctic Lakes Could Soon Be a Major Source of Atmospheric Methane", "description": "For centuries, a massive store of carbon has been locked underground in the Arctic's permanently frozen soil known as permafrost. As Earth's climate continues to warm, that carbon has begun to leach into the atmosphere, the result of microbes waking up and digesting once-frozen organic materials. A new NASA-funded study focuses on a mechanism that could accelerate the release of this atmospheric carbon, the result of thermokarst lakes. These lakes form when thawing permafrost causes the ground to slump, creating a depression that collects rain and snowmelt and perpetuates a cycle of further permafrost thaw. || ", "hits": 73 }, { "id": 4629, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4629/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Snowflakes Melting Simulation Over Turntable", "description": "Clockwise rotating turntable of a cluster of melting snowflakes. || turntable_v39.0000_print.jpg (1024x576) [69.2 KB] || turntable_v39.0000_searchweb.png (320x180) [34.1 KB] || turntable_v39.0000_thm.png (80x40) [3.4 KB] || turntable_v39_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.2 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || turntable_v39_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.7 MB] || turntable_v39_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [187 bytes] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 4630, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4630/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Falling Snowflakes Melting Simulation", "description": "Simulation of a melting snowflakes tumbling. || falling_flake.0000_print.jpg (1024x576) [54.2 KB] || falling_flake.0000_searchweb.png (320x180) [25.3 KB] || falling_flake.0000_thm.png (80x40) [2.6 KB] || falling_flake.0.mp4 (1920x1080) [12.3 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_60p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || falling_flake.0.webm (1920x1080) [2.7 MB] || falling_flake.0.mp4.hwshow [202 bytes] || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 4628, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4628/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-03-23T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Maximum extent 2018", "description": "This visualization shows the Arctic sea ice as it expands from October 1, 2017 to its annual maximum extent that occurred on March 17th, 2018.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || SeaIceMax_2018.1071_print.jpg (1024x576) [195.9 KB] || SeaIceMax_2018_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [41.1 MB] || SeaIceMax_2018_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [7.6 MB] || Sea_Ice_with_dates (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || SeaIceMax_2018_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [134.9 MB] || ArcticSeaIceMax_2018_YouTube_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [171.5 MB] || SeaIceMax_2018_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [216 bytes] || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 12898, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12898/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-03-23T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Continues a Trend of Shrinking Maximum Extents", "description": "Dr. Claire Parkinson explains how and why NASA studies Arctic sea ice.Music: Children's Carousel by Maxi Schulze [GEMA], Moritz Limmer [GEMA]Complete transcript available. || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_large.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [163.4 KB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_large.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.5 KB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_large.00001_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || FACEBOOK_720_12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [287.5 MB] || NASA_TV_12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL.mpeg (1280x720) [827.8 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [387.4 MB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [131.1 MB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [138.0 MB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL.webm (960x540) [98.5 MB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [131.2 MB] || SeaIce_Max18.en_US.srt [4.1 KB] || SeaIce_Max18.en_US.vtt [4.1 KB] || 12898_SeaIce_Max18_FINAL_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [42.3 MB] || ", "hits": 121 }, { "id": 4616, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4616/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-03-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Disappearing Ice", "description": "This visualization begins by showing the dynamic beauty of the Arctic sea ice as it responds to winds and ocean currents. Research into the behavior of the Arctic sea ice for the last 30 years has led to a deeper understanding of how this ice survives from year to year. In the animation that follows, age of the sea ice is visible, showing the younger ice in darker shades of blue and the oldest ice in brighter white. This visual representation of the ice age clearly shows how the quantity of older and thicker ice has changed between 1984 and 2016.Complete transcript available.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_print.jpg (1024x576) [145.3 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.8 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.webm (1920x1080) [27.2 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.mp4 (1920x1080) [183.5 MB] || SeaIceAge_comp_final (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || a004616_captions.en_US.srt [3.9 KB] || a004616_captions.en_US.vtt [3.9 KB] || Disappearing_Ice.aif [38.1 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1.2160p30_wAudio.mp4 (3840x2160) [258.5 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_YTube.2160p30_wAudio.mp4 (3840x2160) [978.3 MB] || Final_seaIceAge_Prores_withAudio.mov (3840x2160) [14.3 GB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.mp4.hwshow [204 bytes] || ", "hits": 406 }, { "id": 12879, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12879/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-02-28T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Studies an Unusual Arctic Warming Event", "description": "Winter temperatures are soaring in the Arctic for the fourth winter in a row. The heat, accompanied by moist air, is entering the Arctic not only through the sector of the North Atlantic Ocean that lies between Greenland and Europe, as it has done in previous years, but is also coming from the North Pacific through the Bering Strait. “We have seen winter warming events before, but they’re becoming more frequent and more intense,” said Alek Petty, a sea ice researcher at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. Scientists are waiting to see how much this heat wave will impact the wintertime sea ice maximum extent, which has been shrinking in the past decades and has hit record lows each of the past three years. The sea ice levels are already at record lows or near-record lows in several areas of the Arctic. Another exceptional event this winter is the opening up of the sea ice cover north of Greenland, releasing heat from the ocean to the atmosphere and making the sea ice more vulnerable to further melting. “This is a region where we have the thickest multi-year sea ice and expect it to not be mobile, to be resilient,” Petty said. “But now this ice is moving pretty quickly, pushed by strong southerly winds and probably affected by the warm temperatures, too.” || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 12848, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12848/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-02-08T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Studies Snow At The Winter Olympics", "description": "This Winter Olympics, NASA will be studying how well researchers can measure snow from the ground and space and provide better data for snowstorm predictions. NASA will make these observations as one of 20 agencies from eleven countries in a project led by the Korean Meteorological Administration called the International Collaborative Experiments for PyeongChang 2018 Olympic and Paralympic Winter Games, or ICE-POP. NASA.gov feature: NASA Seeks the Gold in Winter Olympics Snow || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 4615, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4615/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-01-19T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2018 Snow Cyclone", "description": "This data visualization shows the rapid intensification of the snow cyclone over the east coast beginning on January 3rd, 2018. As the snow cyclone moves up the coast, the data visualization freezes on January 4th to show GPM taking it's measurement of the storm at approximately 5:47Z. The camera then moves down closer to the storm as we slice away the volumetric data to get a sense of what the storm structure looks internally, focusing on the transition from rain to snow. || snow_bomb.0310_print.jpg (1024x576) [187.1 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || snow_bomb.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || snow_bomb.webm (1920x1080) [3.4 MB] || snow_bomb.mp4.hwshow [190 bytes] || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 12822, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12822/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-01-18T10:30:00-05:00", "title": "2017 Takes Second Place for Hottest Year", "description": "Earth's surface temperatures in 2017 were the second warmest since since 1880, when global estimates first become feasible, NASA scientists found. Global temperatures in 2017 were second only to 2016, which still holds the record for the hottest year. However, 2017 was the warmest year without an El Niño. In a separate, independent analysis, NOAA scientists found that 2017 was the third-warmest year in their record. The minor difference is due to different methods to analyze global temperatures used by the two agencies, although over the long-term the records remain in strong agreement.Read the release. || ", "hits": 151 }, { "id": 4597, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4597/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-11-16T15:00:00-05:00", "title": "Earth: Our Living Planet (Updated)", "description": "Twenty years of global biosphere data mapped on a slowly spinning globe. || slow_spin_4k.5542_print.jpg (1024x576) [83.1 KB] || slow_spin_4k.5542_searchweb.png (320x180) [48.3 KB] || slow_spin_4k.5542_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || slow_spin_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [17.8 MB] || slow_spin_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [119.2 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || slow_spin_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [397.0 MB] || ", "hits": 61 } ] }