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        {
            "id": 40548,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solarand-heliospheric-observatory-soho/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2026-03-03T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SOHO – Solar and Heliospheric Observatory",
            "description": "Launched in December 1995, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a joint mission between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) designed to study the Sun inside out. Though its mission was originally scheduled to last until 1998, SOHO continues to collect observations about the Sun’s interior, the solar atmosphere, and the constant stream of solar particles known as the solar wind, adding to scientists' understanding of our closest star and making many new discoveries, including finding more than 5,000 comets.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/soho/",
            "hits": 500
        },
        {
            "id": 14973,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14973/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2026-02-17T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Furious February Flares",
            "description": "In early February 2026, the Sun emitted more than 50 flares including several X-class events, which is the most intense category of solar flares.  NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory watches the Sun 24/7 and captured these views of the Sun in multiple wavelengths of light.The Sun’s activity, which includes flares, follows an approximately 11-year cycle that creates periods of high and low activity. After reaching the current cycle’s most active phase in 2024 — known as solar maximum —  the Sun remains in a heightened period of activity.For news of the recent flares: https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/solar-cycle-25/ || ",
            "hits": 373
        },
        {
            "id": 14964,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14964/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2026-02-05T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Early February Flares 2026",
            "description": "So far, the Sun has emitted six X-class solar flares in the first four days of February. X-class flares are the most powerful.  In this composite image, we've layered all six X-class flares onto the Sun at once, to show the active areas. The images come from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), which observes the Sun in different wavelengths, using filters that emphasize different characteristics. Flare #6, for example, shows a subset of extreme ultraviolet light that highlights the extremely hot material in flares, which is colored in red and blue. The Sun’s magnetic field goes through a cycle, called the solar cycle, about every 11 years, with periods of more and less activity. The Sun reached its most active phase – solar maximum – in 2024, which means we’re still in a fairly active period of the cycle.For news of the recent flares: https://science.nasa.gov/blogs/solar-cycle-25/Image DescriptionComposite image of 6 X-class solar flares emitted in February. In the center, the Sun is a dark red globe with mottled darker and glowing orange spots. Just above the equator and to the left of center longitudinally, 2 bright white glowing spots are made of the combined 6 X-class flares emitted so far. Six squares pop out from the center Sun, with lines connecting to the spot on the composite Sun their flare is contributing. Along the top, the squares are labeled 2, 4 and 6. Each has a subset of the Sun seen in a different colored wavelength. Box 2 is a purple Sun with a pinkish flare, from Feb. 2, 2026. Box 4 is a golden Sun with a white flare from Feb. 2, 2026. Box 6 is a pink Sun with an orange flare from Feb. 4, 2026. Along the bottom, the boxes are labeled 1, 3 and 5. Box 1 has a turquoise Sun with a teal flare from Feb. 1, 2026. Box 3 has a yellow Sun with an orange flare from Feb. 2, 2026. Box 5 has a red Sun the same color as the center, with a white flare, from Feb. 3, 2026. || February_2026_X_Flares_SIX_FINAL.jpg (7000x7000) [5.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 779
        },
        {
            "id": 5577,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5577/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2025-11-20T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SDO Sun This Week",
            "description": "This visualization shows SDO AIA-304 imagery from the past 7 days with a color table and image processing applied. Archive folders are provided in the Download menu.",
            "hits": 0
        },
        {
            "id": 20409,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20409/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2025-08-22T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Heliosphere and Galactic Cosmic Rays",
            "description": "Surrounding our solar system is a giant protective bubble created by particles and magnetic fields from the Sun called the heliosphere. Every 11 years, the Sun’s activity ramps up and down in what’s known as the solar cycle. As the Sun reaches its peak activity level, called solar maximum, the heliosphere expands. During this time, the heliosphere’s protective shield is strengthened by the increase in particles and magnetic fields from the Sun. As a result, fewer damaging particles from the galaxy, such as galactic cosmic rays, are able to penetrate into the heliosphere. As the Sun ramps down into a low level of activity, called solar minimum, the heliosphere shrinks and more cosmic rays are able to enter the heliosphere. || ",
            "hits": 446
        },
        {
            "id": 5543,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5543/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2025-06-11T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Magnetic Field - from Solar Minimum to Solar Maximum",
            "description": "Visualizations of the solar magnetic field evolution as a potential-field-source-surface model (PFSS) from solar minimum (2019) to solar maximum (2025).",
            "hits": 185
        },
        {
            "id": 40532,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/punch/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2025-01-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH – Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere (PUNCH) mission is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit capturing global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind, a stream of charged particles from the Sun that fills the solar system. By using PUNCH to image the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere — including the Sun, solar wind, and Earth — as a single connected system.\n\nPUNCH launched on March 11, 2025, from Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.\n\nLearn more: science.nasa.gov/mission/punch",
            "hits": 225
        },
        {
            "id": 14722,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14722/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-12-06T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA Interview Opportunity: NASA Spacecraft Days Away From Historic Close Approach to the Sun",
            "description": "Scroll down the page for associated cut b-roll for the live shots and pre-recorded soundbites.Find out more about NASA's Parker Solar Probe here! nasa.gov/parker || Screenshot_2024-12-06_at_2.24.02 PM.png (1546x606) [1.9 MB] || Screenshot_2024-12-06_at_2.24.02 PM_print.jpg (1024x401) [195.3 KB] || Screenshot_2024-12-06_at_2.24.02 PM_searchweb.png (320x180) [128.7 KB] || Screenshot_2024-12-06_at_2.24.02 PM_thm.png (80x40) [12.2 KB] || ",
            "hits": 143
        },
        {
            "id": 14706,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14706/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-11-08T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's Illuminate Series (2024)",
            "description": "NASA's Illuminate is a video series about out-of-this-world images that shine light on our Sun and solar system. || ",
            "hits": 87
        },
        {
            "id": 14685,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14685/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-10-15T15:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "What is Solar Maximum?",
            "description": "The Sun is stirring from its latest slumber. As sunspots and flares bubble from the Sun’s surface, representatives from NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA), and the Solar Cycle Prediction Panel announced on Tuesday, September 24, 2024, the Sun has reached its solar maximum period.The solar cycle is the natural cycle of the Sun as it transitions between low and high activity. During the most active part of the cycle, known as solar maximum, the Sun can unleash immense explosions of light, energy, and solar radiation — all of which create conditions known as space weather. Space weather can affect satellites and astronauts in space, as well as communications systems — such as radio and GPS — and power grids on Earth. || ",
            "hits": 321
        },
        {
            "id": 5344,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5344/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-10-15T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Cycle 25 - the Solar Magnetic Field from Solar Minimum to Pole Flip",
            "description": "One advantage of long-lived missions like Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) is the ability to see slow but significant changes over long periods of time.This view from SDO's Helioseismic and Magnetic Imager (HMI) shows the evolution of sunspots on the solar disk starting from solar minimum (around December 2019) and into the maximum solar activity phase.  The video ends in September 2024, however this maximum phase is expected to continue into 2025.",
            "hits": 561
        },
        {
            "id": 14683,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14683/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-10-15T13:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA, NOAA Announce That the Sun Has Reached the Solar Maximum Period",
            "description": "In a teleconference with reporters on Tuesday, October 15, 2024, representatives from NASA, the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Agency (NOAA), and the Solar Cycle Prediction Panel announced the Sun has reached its solar maximum period.The solar cycle is the natural cycle of the Sun as it transitions between low and high activity. Roughly every 11 years, at the height of the solar cycle, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip — on Earth, that’d be like the North and South Poles swapping places every decade — and the Sun transitions from sluggish to active and stormy.During the most active part of the cycle, known as solar maximum, the Sun can unleash immense explosions of light, energy, and solar radiation — all of which create conditions known as space weather. Space weather can affect satellites and astronauts in space, as well as communications systems — such as radio and GPS — and power grids on Earth. When the Sun is most active, space weather events become more frequent. Solar activity, such as the storm in May 2024, has led to increased aurora visibility and impacts on satellites and infrastructure in recent months.Listen to the media telecon.Read NASA's article about the news. || ",
            "hits": 836
        },
        {
            "id": 40520,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-cycle25/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2024-06-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Cycle 25",
            "description": "The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel, an international group of experts co-sponsored by NASA and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA), announced that solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the start of Solar Cycle 25. Since then, the Sun’s activity has been steadily increasing as it approaches solar maximum — the peak of Solar Cycle 25.A new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the Sun transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again. At its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip.Understanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts, including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections, can disturb satellites and communication signals traveling around Earth. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better understand and predict solar activity.",
            "hits": 556
        },
        {
            "id": 14519,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14519/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-02-02T16:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "AMS Media Briefing: The 2024 Total Solar Eclipse & NASA",
            "description": "On Wednesday, Jan. 31, 2024, at the 104th American Meteorological Society Annual Meeting, NASA scientists participated in an informative media briefing about the April 8, 2024, total solar eclipse. In this briefing, panelists discussed what viewers can see across the path of totality, how they can safely watch the eclipse, and at-home activities to learn about and watch the eclipse. NASA scientists also shared a unique perspective on what it means to see this eclipse during solar maximum, when the Sun is at a period of high activity, as well as the parallels between space weather and meteorology, and space weather’s impact on Earth. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 14420,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14420/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2023-10-02T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Heliophysics Big Year Graphic Elements",
            "description": "The Heliophysics Big Year is a NASA-led public engagement campaign designed to promote heliophysics broadly, make heliophysics science and information accessible to all, and showcase ongoing efforts to understand the Sun and all that it touches. We are challenging the public to participate in as many Sun science activities as possible from October 2023 to December 2024, leading up to and around solar maximum.This page contains graphic elements for use in promotion and support of the Heliophysics Big Year. Anyone supporting the Heliophysics Big Year effort may use these resources in accordance with the guidance listed in the captions. || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 40507,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hyperwall-power-playlist-heliophysics-focus/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2023-08-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hyperwall Power Playlist - Heliophysics Focus",
            "description": "This is a collection of our most powerful, newsworthy, and frequently used Hyperwall-ready visualizations, along with several that haven't gotten the attention they deserve. They're especially great for more general or top-level science talks, or to \"set the scene\" before a deep dive into a more focused subject or dataset. We've tried to cover the subject areas our speakers focus on most. \n\nIf you're not seeing what you're looking for, there is a huge library of visualizations more localized or specialized in subject - please use the Search function above, and filter \"Result type\" for \"Hyperwall Visual.\"\n\n If you'd like to use one of these visualizations in your Hyperwall presentation, we'll need to know which element on which page. On the visualization's web page, below the visual you'd like to use, you'll see a Link icon next to the Download button. All we need is for you to click on that icon and include that link in your presentation Powerpoint/Keynote or visualization list. Additionally, please check our Hyperwall How-To Guide  for tips on designing your Hyperwall presentation, file specifications, and Powerpoint/Keynote templates.",
            "hits": 195
        },
        {
            "id": 14348,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14348/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2023-06-13T16:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Interview Opportunity: Summer Solstice Leads to an Exciting Year for Our Sun Live Shots",
            "description": "Quick link to cut b-roll for the LIVE SHOTSQuick link to canned interview with DR. ALEX YOUNG || 2023_summer_solstice.jpeg (1800x720) [257.0 KB] || 2023_summer_solstice_print.jpg (1024x409) [101.3 KB] || 2023_summer_solstice_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.8 KB] || 2023_summer_solstice_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || ",
            "hits": 54
        },
        {
            "id": 14189,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14189/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-08-19T12:45:00-04:00",
            "title": "50th Anniversary of NASA's Copernicus Mission",
            "description": "Watch: This vintage segment on Copernicus comes from a 1973 edition of “The Science Report,” a long-running film series produced by the U.S. Information Agency. Credit: National Archives (306-SR-138B)Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || OAO-CopernicusFilm.02735_print.jpg (1024x768) [108.8 KB] || OAO-CopernicusFilm.mov (1440x1080) [2.1 GB] || OAO-CopernicusFilm.mp4 (1440x1080) [235.2 MB] || OAO-CopernicusFilm.webm (1440x1080) [24.5 MB] || OAO-CopernicusFilm.en_US.srt [3.8 KB] || OAO-CopernicusFilm.en_US.vtt [3.8 KB] || ",
            "hits": 96
        },
        {
            "id": 4892,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4892/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2022-01-18T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Faculae and Sunspots at Solar Maximum and Solar Minimum",
            "description": "Movie of SDO/AIA 1700 angstrom imagery, collected near solar maximum (April 2014).  Note the small dark regions (sunspots) and the brighter speckled regions (faculae) around them. || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i.00300_print.jpg (1024x576) [61.4 KB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i.00300_searchweb.png (320x180) [35.9 KB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i.00300_thm.png (80x40) [3.3 KB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i_p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [66.8 MB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i_p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.0 MB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.UHD2160_p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [270.8 MB] || SolarMax_AIA1700A_stand.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow [201 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 114
        },
        {
            "id": 13776,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13776/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-12-15T21:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "2020 AGU Roundtable: What will we learn from Solar Cycle 25?",
            "description": "Solar Cycle 25 is here, ushering in the next season of space weather from the Sun. As our star’s activity ramps up—a natural part of its roughly 11-year cycle—scientists are eager to test their predictions. In this AGU 2020 media roundtable, scientists will discuss outstanding questions in solar cycle science, what opportunities this new cycle provides researchers, and how we track progress in predictions. || ",
            "hits": 91
        },
        {
            "id": 13775,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13775/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-12-02T11:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "25 Years of Sun from ESA/NASA's SOHO",
            "description": "December 2, 1995 marks the 25th anniversary of the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory, or SOHO — a joint mission of the European Space Agency and NASA. Since its launch on that date, the mission has kept watch on the Sun. || ",
            "hits": 89
        },
        {
            "id": 13716,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13716/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-09-17T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Solar Cycle As Seen From Space",
            "description": "VIDEO IN ENGLISH Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.The Sun is stirring from its latest slumber. As sunspots and flares, signs of a new solar cycle, bubble from the Sun’s surface, scientists are anticipating a flurry of solar activity over the next few years. Roughly every 11 years, at the height of this cycle, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip—on Earth, that’d be like the North and South Poles’ swapping places every decade—and the Sun transitions from sluggish to active and stormy. At its quietest, the Sun is at solar minimum; during solar maximum, the Sun blazes with bright flares and solar eruptions. In this video, view the Sun's disk from our space telescopes as it transitions from minimum to maximum in the solar cycle.Music credit: \"Observance\" by Andrew Michael Britton [PRS], David Stephen Goldsmith [PRS] from Universal Production Music || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.01410_print.jpg (1024x576) [68.8 KB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.01410_searchweb.png (320x180) [35.9 KB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.01410_web.png (320x180) [35.9 KB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.01410_thm.png (80x40) [3.8 KB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_Twitter.mp4 (1920x1080) [21.2 MB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.webm (1920x1080) [11.0 MB] || SolarCycleAsSeenFromSpace.en_US.srt [630 bytes] || SolarCycleAsSeenFromSpace.en_US.vtt [641 bytes] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_Facebook.mp4 (1920x1080) [115.2 MB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_Prores.mov (1920x1080) [1.3 GB] || 13716_SolarCycleFromSpace_YouTube.mp4 (1920x1080) [153.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 110
        },
        {
            "id": 13714,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13714/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-09-15T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Cycle 25 Is Here. NASA, NOAA Scientists Explain What This Means",
            "description": "Solar Cycle 25 has begun. The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel announced solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the transition into a new solar cycle. In a press event, experts from the panel, NASA, and NOAA discussed the analysis and Solar Cycle 25 prediction, and how the rise to the next solar maximum and subsequent upswing in space weather will impact our lives and technology on Earth.A new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the star transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again; at its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip. Now that the star has passed solar minimum, scientists expect the Sun will grow increasingly active in the months and years to come.Understanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts—including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections—can disturb the satellites and communications signals traveling around Earth, or one day, Artemis astronauts exploring distant worlds. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity.Click here for the NOAA press kit.Listen to the media telecon.Participants:• Lisa Upton, Co-chair, Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel; Solar Physicist, Space Systems Research Corporation• Doug Biesecker, Solar Physicist, NOAA’s Space Weather Prediction Center; Co-chair, Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel• Elsayed Talaat, Director, Office of Projects, Planning and Analysis; NOAA’s Satellite and Information Service • Lika Guhathakurta, Heliophysicist, Heliophysics Division, NASA Headquarters • Jake Bleacher, Chief Exploration Scientist, NASA Human Exploration and Operations Mission Directorate || ",
            "hits": 289
        },
        {
            "id": 13715,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13715/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-09-15T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "How To Track The Solar Cycle",
            "description": "A new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the Sun transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again; at its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip. Now that the star has passed solar minimum, scientists expect the Sun will grow increasingly active in the months and years to come.Understanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts—including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections—can disturb the satellites and communications signals traveling around Earth, or one day, Artemis astronauts exploring distant worlds. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity. As of 2020, the Sun has begun to shake off the sleep of minimum, which occurred in December 2019, and Solar Cycle 25 is underway. Scientists use several indicators to track solar cycle progress. || ",
            "hits": 246
        },
        {
            "id": 4854,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4854/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2020-09-15T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Coronal Holes at Solar Minimum and Solar Maximum",
            "description": "A sample of solar coronal holes around the time of the maximum of sunspot activity (April 2014).  Note the polar regions are devoid of coronal holes but a large hole appears in the southern hemisphere. || CoronalHoleMax_AIA193_00150_print.jpg (1024x1024) [173.1 KB] || CoronalHoleMax_AIA193_00150_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.6 KB] || CoronalHoleMax_AIA193_00150_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || CoronalHoleMax_AIA193_2048p30.mp4 (2048x2048) [61.7 MB] || CoronalHoleMax_AIA193_2048p30.webm (2048x2048) [2.9 MB] || AIA193-Time (4096x4096) [64.0 KB] || AIA193-Frames (4096x4096) [64.0 KB] || CoronalHoleMax_Timestamp (600x100) [64.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 138
        },
        {
            "id": 40421,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/the-solar-cycle/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2020-09-14T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Solar Cycle",
            "description": "Solar Cycle 25 has begun. The Solar Cycle 25 Prediction Panel announced solar minimum occurred in December 2019, marking the transition into a new solar cycle. In a press event, experts from the panel, NASA, and NOAA discussed the analysis and Solar Cycle 25 prediction, and how the rise to the next solar maximum and subsequent upswing in space weather will impact our lives and technology on Earth.\nA new solar cycle comes roughly every 11 years. Over the course of each cycle, the star transitions from relatively calm to active and stormy, and then quiet again; at its peak, the Sun’s magnetic poles flip. Now that the star has passed solar minimum, scientists expect the Sun will grow increasingly active in the months and years to come.\n\nUnderstanding the Sun’s behavior is an important part of life in our solar system. The Sun’s outbursts—including eruptions known as solar flares and coronal mass ejections—can disturb the satellites and communications signals traveling around Earth, or one day, Artemis astronauts exploring distant worlds. Scientists study the solar cycle so we can better predict solar activity.",
            "hits": 95
        },
        {
            "id": 12792,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12792/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-12-05T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's TSIS-1: Tracking Sun’s Power to Earth (Prelaunch Media Roll-Ins)",
            "description": "We live on a solar-powered planet. As we wake up in morning, the Sun peeks out over the horizon to shed light on us, blankets us with warmth, and provides cues to start our day. At the same time, the Sun’s energy drives our planet’s ocean currents, seasons, weather, and climate. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not exist. || ",
            "hits": 156
        },
        {
            "id": 12399,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12399/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-10-27T12:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA's Kepler, Swift Missions Harvest ‘Pumpkin’ Stars",
            "description": "Dive into the Kepler field and learn more about the origins of these rapidly spinning stars.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Electric Cosmos\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Pumpkin_Star_Still.png (1920x1080) [10.8 MB] || Pumpkin_Star_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [85.7 KB] || Pumpkin_Star_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.5 KB] || Pumpkin_Star_Still_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star2_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [2.0 GB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star_FINAL2_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [1.2 GB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star2_H264_1080.mov (1920x1080) [221.8 MB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star2_1080_Good.m4v (1920x1080) [147.1 MB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star2_1080_Most_Compatible.m4v (960x540) [59.7 MB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star_FINAL2_HD.wmv (1920x1080) [332.6 MB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star2_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.webm (1920x1080) [17.0 MB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [2.3 KB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [2.3 KB] || 12399_Swift_Pumpkin_Star_FINAL2_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [26.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 120
        },
        {
            "id": 40254,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hyperwall-heliophysics/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2015-09-04T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hyperwall Heliophysics",
            "description": "A topically-organized Gallery of Hyperwall-ready heliophysics content.",
            "hits": 122
        },
        {
            "id": 4133,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4133/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-02-11T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "February 2013: The Busy Sun",
            "description": "Even near solar maximum, with sunspots dotting the photosphere, the Sun can look tranquil and serene in visible light. In the case of these images from the HMI instrument on the Solar Dynamics Observatory, the only obvious changes are the constant shimmering of the solar disk due to the bubbling of solar granulation.But in ultraviolet light, in particular the 30.4 nanometer line of the helium ion, we see much more activity. Dark, wispy lines of cooler solar filaments (the term used for solar prominences when seen against the disk) stretch across the disk. The same structures, seen against the fainter glow of the solar corona, resemble slowly evolving flames on the limb of the Sun. Solar active regions surrounding the sunspots, appear bright in ultraviolet light. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 11429,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11429/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-12-05T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Sun Magnetic Field Flip Live Shots and Media Resources",
            "description": "On Dec. 6, 2013, NASA scientists Alex Young and Holly Gilbert discussed how the sun's magnetic field is in the process of flipping. || ",
            "hits": 139
        },
        {
            "id": 11386,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11386/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-10-28T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sun Continues to Emit Solar Flares",
            "description": "After emitting its first significant solar flares since June 2013 earlier in the week, the sun continued to produce mid-level and significant solar flares on Oct. 27 and Oct. 28, 2013.Then, on Nov. 5, 2013, The sun emitted a significant solar flare, peaking at 5:12 p.m. EST.  This flare was classified as an X3.3 flare.Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. One of the larger flares was classified as an X1.0 flare, which peaked at 10:03 p.m. EDT on Oct. 27. \"X-class\" denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. An X2 is twice as intense as an X1, an X3 is three times as intense, etc. In the past, X-class flares of this intensity have caused degradation or blackouts of radio communications for about an hour. Another large flare was classified as an M5.1 flare, which peaked at 12: 41 a.m. EDT on Oct. 28. Between Oct. 23, and the morning of Oct 28, there were three X-class flares and more than 15 additional M-class flares. Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun is headed toward solar maximum conditions as part of its normal 11-year activity cycle. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. The recent solar flare activity has also been accompanied by several coronal mass ejections or CMEs, another solar phenomenon that can send billions of tons of particles into space that can reach Earth one to three days later. These particles cannot travel through the atmosphere to harm humans on Earth, but they can affect electronic systems in satellites and on the ground. || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 11383,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11383/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-10-25T10:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sun Emits Third Solar Flare in Two Days",
            "description": "The sun emitted a significant solar flare, peaking at 4:01 a.m. EDT on Oct. 25, 2013. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. This disrupts the radio signals for as long as the flare is ongoing, anywhere from minutes to hours.This flare is classified as an X1.7 class flare. \"X-class\" denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. An X2 is twice as intense as an X1, an X3 is three times as intense, etc. In the past, X-class flares of this intensity have caused degradation or blackouts of radio communications for about an hour. Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun's normal 11-year activity cycle is currently near solar maximum conditions. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. The first X-class flare of the current solar cycle occurred on February 15, 2011. The largest X-class flare in this cycle was an X6.9 on August 9, 2011. || ",
            "hits": 39
        },
        {
            "id": 11298,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11298/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-06-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sun Emits a Solstice CME",
            "description": "On June 20, 2013, at 11:24 p.m., the sun erupted with an Earth-directed coronal mass ejection or CME, a solar phenomenon that can send billions of tons of particles into space that can reach Earth one to three days later. These particles cannot travel through the atmosphere to harm humans on Earth, but they can affect electronic systems in satellites and on the ground. Experimental NASA research models, based on observations from NASA's Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory and ESA/NASA's Solar and Heliospheric Observatory show that the CME left the sun at speeds of around 1350 miles per second, which is a fast speed for CMEs. Earth-directed CMEs can cause a space weather phenomenon called a geomagnetic storm, which occurs when they funnel energy into Earth's magnetic envelope, the magnetosphere, for an extended period of time. The CME's magnetic fields peel back the outermost layers of Earth's fields changing their very shape. Magnetic storms can degrade communication signals and cause unexpected electrical surges in power grids. They also can cause aurora. Storms are rare during solar minimum, but as the sun's activity ramps up every 11 years toward solar maximum—currently expected in late 2013—large storms occur several times per year.In the past, geomagnetic storms caused by CMEs of this strength and direction have usually been mild. In addition, the CME may pass by additional spacecraft: Messenger, STEREO B, Spitzer, and their mission operators have been notified. If warranted, operators can put spacecraft into safe mode to protect the instruments from the solar material. || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 11270,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11270/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-06-11T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "1,000 Days Of The Sun",
            "description": "In the spring of 2010, NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, or SDO, provided its first views of the sun. Since then the spacecraft has had virtually unbroken coverage of our star, capturing one image every 12 seconds in 10 different wavelengths. The collection of images chronicles the sun’s rise toward solar maximum, the peak of solar activity in its regular 11-year cycle. Repeatedly caught in the act were solar flares and coronal mass ejections, powerful eruptions that can send radiation and solar material toward Earth and interfere with satellite operations in space. SDO’s constant monitoring of the sun help scientists understand what causes these giant explosions—with the goal of someday improving our ability to predict this space weather. Watch the video to see a time-lapse sequence of SDO observations that spans three years in the life of the sun. || ",
            "hits": 97
        },
        {
            "id": 11262,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11262/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-05-03T21:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sun Emits Mid-Level Flare and Prominence Eruption",
            "description": "The sun emitted a mid-level solar flare, peaking at 1:32 pm EDT on May 3, 2013. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. This disrupts the radio signals for as long as the flare is ongoing, and the radio blackout for this flare has already subsided.This flare is classified as an M5.7-class flare. M-class flares are the weakest flares that can still cause some space weather effects near Earth. Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, as the sun's normal 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum, which is expected in late 2013. || ",
            "hits": 65
        },
        {
            "id": 11255,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11255/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-04-22T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Three Years of SDO Images",
            "description": "In the three years since it first provided images of the sun in the spring of 2010, NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has had virtually unbroken coverage of the sun's rise toward solar maximum, the peak of solar activity in its regular 11-year cycle. This video shows those three years of the sun at a pace of two images per day. Each image is displayed for two frames at a 29.97 frame rate.SDO's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) captures a shot of the sun every 12 seconds in 10 different wavelengths. The images shown here are based on a wavelength of 171 angstroms, which is in the extreme ultraviolet range and shows solar material at around 600,000 Kelvin. In this wavelength it is easy to see the sun's 25-day rotation as well as how solar activity has increased over three years.During the course of the video, the sun subtly increases and decreases in apparent size. This is because the distance between the SDO spacecraft and the sun varies over time. The image is, however, remarkably consistent and stable despite the fact that SDO orbits the Earth at 6,876 miles per hour and the Earth orbits the sun at 67,062 miles per hour.Such stability is crucial for scientists, who use SDO to learn more about our closest star. These images have regularly caught solar flares and coronal mass ejections in the act, types of space weather that can send radiation and solar material toward Earth and interfere with satellites in space. SDO's glimpses into the violent dance on the sun help scientists understand what causes these giant explosions — with the hopes of some day improving our ability to predict this space weather.The four wavelength view at the end of the video shows light at 4500 angstroms, which is basically the visible light view of the sun, and reveals sunspots; light at 193 angstroms which highlights material at 1 million Kelvin and reveals more of the sun's corona; light at 304 angstroms which highlights material at around 50,000 Kelvin and shows features in the transition region and chromosphere of the sun; and light at 171 angstroms.Noteworthy events that appear briefly in the main sequence of this video:00:30;24 Partial eclipse by the moon00:31;16 Roll maneuver01:11;02 August 9, 2011 X6.9 Flare, currently the largest of this solar cycle01:28;07 Comet Lovejoy, December 15, 201101:42;29 Roll Maneuver01:51;07 Transit of Venus, June 5, 201202:28;13 Partial eclipse by the moonWatch this video on YouTube. || ",
            "hits": 145
        },
        {
            "id": 11246,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11246/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-04-11T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Sun Emits a Mid-level Flare and CME",
            "description": "The sun emitted a mid-level flare, peaking at 3:16 a.m. EDT on April 11, 2013.Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. This disrupts the radio signals for as long as the flare is ongoing, anywhere from minutes to hours.This flare is classified as an M6.5 flare, some ten times less powerful than the strongest flares, which are labeled X-class flares. M-class flares are the weakest flares that can still cause some space weather effects near Earth. This flare produced a radio blackout that has since subsided. The blackout was categorized as an R2 on a scale between R1 and R5 on NOAA's space weather scales.This is the strongest flare seen so far in 2013. Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun's normal 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum, which is expected in late 2013. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. || ",
            "hits": 59
        },
        {
            "id": 11150,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11150/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-01-01T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Space Weather Forecast",
            "description": "The sun goes through a natural cycle approximately every 11 years, hitting peaks and valleys of solar activity. The cycle is marked by the increase and decrease of sunspots—visible as dark blemishes on the sun's surface and connected to eruptions such as solar flares and coronal mass ejections. The largest number of sunspots in any given solar cycle is designated as \"solar maximum,\" and this next peak of activity is predicted to occur in 2013. The eruptions that occur during solar maximum can't harm humans on Earth. But scientists observe this activity, what they call space weather, because it can affect satellites in orbit and disrupt power grids on the ground. Watch the movie to see the kind of gigantic, and often beautiful, eruptions we expect to see more of in 2013. || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 11072,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11072/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-11-26T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SDO Solar Comparison October 2010 to October 2012",
            "description": "The sun goes through a natural solar cycle approximately every 11 years. The cycle is marked by the increase and decrease of sunspots — visible as dark blemishes on the sun's surface, or photosphere. The greatest number of sunspots in any given solar cycle is designated as \"solar maximum.\" The lowest number is \"solar minimum.\" The solar cycle provides more than just increased sunspots, however. In the sun's atmosphere, or corona, bright active regions appear, which are rooted in the lower sunspots. Scientists track the active regions since they are often the origin of eruptions on the sun such as solar flares or coronal mass ejections. The most recent solar minimum occurred in 2008, and the sun began to ramp up in January 2010, with an M-class flare (a flare that is 10 times less powerful than the largest flares, labeled X-class). The sun has continued to get more active, with the next solar maximum predicted for 2013. The journey toward solar maximum is evident in current images of the sun, showing a marked difference from those of 2010, with bright active regions dotted around the star. || ",
            "hits": 40
        },
        {
            "id": 11132,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11132/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-11-13T12:30:00-05:00",
            "title": "Sun Emits a Mid-level Flare",
            "description": "On Nov. 13, 2012, the sun emitted a mid-level solar flare, peaking at 9:04 p.m. EST. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. This disrupts the radio signals for as long as the flare is ongoing, anywhere from minutes to hours. This flare is classified as an M6 flare. M-class flares are the weakest flares that can still cause some space weather effects near Earth. They can cause brief radio blackouts at the poles. This M-class flare caused a radio blackout categorized according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association's Space Weather Scales as R2 — or \"moderate\" — on a scale of R1 to R5. It has since subsided. Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun's normal 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum, which is expected in 2013. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. The flare was not associated with a coronal mass ejection (CME), another solar phenomenon that can send solar particles into space and can reach Earth one to three days later. When Earth-directed, CMEs can affect electronic systems in satellites and on Earth. || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 11120,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11120/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-10-23T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Active Region on the Sun Emits Another Flare",
            "description": "The sun emitted a significant solar flare on Oct. 22, 2012, peaking at 11:17 p.m. EDT. The flare came from an active region on the left side of the sun that has been numbered AR 1598, which has already been the source of a number of weaker flares. This flare was classified as an X.1-class flare. \"X-class\" denotes the most intense flares, while the number provides more information about its strength. An X2 is twice as intense as an X1, an X3 is three times as intense, and on. An X-class flare of this intensity can cause degradation or blackouts of radio communications for about an hour. Solar flares are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel. This can disrupt radio signals for anywhere from minutes to hours.  The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Association, which is the United States government's official source for space weather forecasts and alerts, categorized the radio blackout associated with this flare as an R3, on a scale from R1 to R5. It has since subsided.  Increased numbers of flares are quite common at the moment, since the sun's normal 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum, which is expected in 2013. Humans have tracked this solar cycle continuously since it was discovered in 1843, and it is normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. The first X-class flare of the current solar cycle occurred on Feb. 15, 2011 and there have been 15 X-class flares total in this cycle, including this one. The largest X-class flare in this cycle was an X6.9 on Aug. 9, 2011. This is the 7th X-class flare in 2012 with the largest being an X5.4 flare on March 7. This flare did not have an associated Earth-directed coronal mass ejection (CME), another solar phenomenon that can send solar particles into space and affect electronic systems in satellites and on Earth. Watch this video on YouTube. || ",
            "hits": 80
        },
        {
            "id": 11047,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11047/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-07-19T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "AR1520's Parting Shot: July 19, 2012 M7.7 Flare",
            "description": "The sun emitted a moderate solar flare on July 19, 2012, beginning at 1:13 AM EDT and peaking at 1:58 AM. Solar flares are gigantic bursts of radiation that cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to harm humans on the ground, however, when strong enough, they can disrupt the atmosphere and degrade GPS and communications signals.The flare is classified as an M7.7 flare. This  means it is weaker than the largest flares, which are classified as X-class. M-class flares can cause brief radio communications blackouts at the poles.Increased numbers of flares are currently quite common, since the sun's standard 11-year activity cycle is ramping up toward solar maximum, which is expected in 2013. It is quite normal for there to be many flares a day during the sun's peak activity. || ",
            "hits": 59
        },
        {
            "id": 10941,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10941/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-04-24T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Space Weather FAQ Interviews",
            "description": "NASA scientists answer some frequently asked questions about the sun, space weather, and the effects on Earth. Each video is one or more scientists responding to the question above it. The videos are available as ProRes files for broadcast use and have had minor audio equalizing and color correction applied.The scientists interviewed are:Dr. Holly Gilbert, NASA HeliophysicistDr. Alex Young, NASA HeliophysicistDr. Phil Chamberlin, NASA Research Heliophysicist and SDO Deputy Project ScientistThere are also two short videos created with this interview content. They are available here.Additional responses to these questions are available upon specific request.For space weather-related footage, animations, and features, visit the Space Weather gallery. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 10925,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10925/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-03-07T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "HD Close up of March 6th X5.4 Flare",
            "description": "The sun erupted with one of the largest solar flares of this solar cycle on March 6, 2012 at 7PM ET. ?This flare was categorized as an X5.4, making it the second largest flare — after an X6.9 on August 9, 2011 — since the sun's activity segued into a period of relatively low activity called solar minimum in early 2007. The current increase in the number of X-class flares is part of the sun's normal 11-year solar cycle, during which activity on the sun ramps up to solar maximum, which is expected to peak in late 2013. About an hour later, at 8:14 PM ET, March 6, the same region let loose an X1.3 class flare. ?An X1 is 5 times smaller than an X5 flare. These X-class flares erupted from an active region named AR 1429 that rotated into view on March 2. ?Prior to this, the region had already produced numerous M-class and one X-class flare. ?The region continues to rotate across the front of the sun, so the March 6 flare was more Earthward facing than the previous ones. ?It triggered a temporary radio blackout on the sunlit side of Earth that interfered with radio navigation and short wave radio.In association with these flares, the sun also expelled two significant coronal mass ejections (CMEs), which are traveling faster than 600 miles a second and may arrive at Earth in the next few days. ?In the meantime, the CME associated with the X-class flare from March 4 has dumped solar particles and magnetic fields into Earth's atmosphere and distorted Earth's magnetic fields, causing a moderate geomagnetic storm, rated a G2 on a scale from G1 to G5. ?Such storms happen when the magnetic fields around Earth rapidly change strength and shape. ?A moderate storm usually causes aurora and may interfere with high frequency radio transmission near the poles. ?This storm is already dwindling, but the Earth may experience another enhancement if the most recent CMEs are directed toward and impact Earth. In addition, last night's flares have sent solar particles into Earth's atmosphere, producing a moderate solar energetic particle event, also called a solar radiation storm. These particles have been detected by NASA's SOHO and STEREO spacecraft, and NOAA's GOES spacecraft. ?At the time of writing, this storm is rated an S3 on a scale that goes up to S5. ?Such storms can interfere with high frequency radio communication. Besides the August 2011 X-class flare, the last time the sun sent out flares of this magnitude was in 2006. ?There was an X6.5 on December 6, 2006 and an X9.0 on December 5, 2006. Like the most recent events, those two flares erupted from the same region on the sun, which is a common occurrence. || ",
            "hits": 74
        },
        {
            "id": 10834,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10834/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-12-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Magnetic Hotspots",
            "description": "Sunspots are the relatively cool, dark blemishes that appear on the sun's otherwise super-fiery and flawless surface. To scientists, these planet-sized phenomena indicate the location where strong magnetic fields that power solar flares and coronal mass ejections (CMEs) emerge from the sun's interior. The number of sunspots increases and decreases over time in a regular, approximately 11-year cycle, called the sunspot cycle. During each cycle sunspots migrate from the sun's mid-latitude regions towards the equator, with the highest number observed in any given cycle designated \"solar maximum\" and the lowest number designated \"solar minimum.\" Each cycle varies dramatically in number, with some solar maxima being so low as to be almost indistinguishable from the preceding minimum. Learn more about the sunspot cycle and see actual footage of sunspots in the videos below. || ",
            "hits": 55
        },
        {
            "id": 10804,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10804/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-10-27T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Solar Cycle",
            "description": "The number of sunspots increases and decreases over time in a regular, approximately 11-year cycle, called the sunspot cycle. The exact length of the cycle can vary. It has been as short as eight years and as long as fourteen, but the number of sunspots always increases over time, and then returns to low again. More sunspots mean increased solar activity, when great blooms of radiation known as solar flares or bursts of solar material known as coronal mass ejections (CMEs) shoot off the sun's surface. The highest number of sun spots in any given cycle is designated \"solar maximum,\" while the lowest number is designated \"solar minimum.\" Each cycle, varies dramatically in intensity, with some solar maxima being so low as to be almost indistinguishable from the preceding minimum. Sunspots are a magnetic phenomenon and the entire sun is magnetized with a north and a south magnetic pole just like a bar magnet. The comparison to a simple bar magnet ends there, however, as the sun's interior is constantly on the move. By tracking sound waves that course through the center of the sun, an area of research known as helioseismology, scientists can gain an understanding of what's deep inside the sun. They have found that the magnetic material inside the sun is constantly stretching, twisting, and crossing as it bubbles up to the surface. The exact pattern of movements is not conclusively mapped out, but over time they eventually lead to the poles reversing completely. The sunspot cycle happens because of this poles flip — north becomes south and south becomes north—approximately every 11 years. Some 11 years later, the poles reverse again back to where they started, making the full solar cycle actually a 22-year phenomenon. The sun behaves similarly over the course of each 11-year cycle no matter which pole is on top, however, so this shorter cycle tends to receive more attention. || ",
            "hits": 607
        },
        {
            "id": 10109,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10109/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-08-09T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "X-Class: A Guide to Solar Flares",
            "description": "Flares happen when the powerful magnetic fields in and around the sun reconnect. They're usually associated with active regions, often seen as sun spots, where the magnetic fields are strongest. Flares are classified according to their strength. The smallest ones are B-class, followed by C, M and X, the largest. Similar to the Richter scale for earthquakes, each letter represents a ten-fold increase in energy output. So an X is 10 times an M and 100 times a C. Within each letter class, there is a finer scale from 1 to 9. C-class flares are too weak to noticeably affect Earth. M-class flares can cause brief radio blackouts at the poles and minor radiation storms that might endanger astronauts. Although X is the last letter, there are flares more than 10 times the power of an X1, so X-class flares can go higher than 9. The most powerful flare on record was in 2003, during the last solar maximum. It was so powerful that it overloaded the sensors measuring it. They cut-out at X17, and the flare was later estimated to be about X45. A powerful X-class flare like that can create long lasting radiation storms, which can harm satellites and even give airline passengers, flying near the poles, small radiation doses. X flares also have the potential to create global transmission problems and world-wide blackouts. || ",
            "hits": 2138
        },
        {
            "id": 20185,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20185/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2010-10-01T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Heliopause Cycle",
            "description": "This animation shows the heliosphere expanding and contracting in response to the solar cycle. As the sun reaches solar maximum, the solar wind increases and expands the heliosphere. During solar minimum, the heliosphere contracts. || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 40051,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solar-cycle/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2010-03-08T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Solar Cycle",
            "description": "No description available.",
            "hits": 19
        },
        {
            "id": 40052,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/sunspots/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Sunspots",
            "description": "Large cooler regions on the solar photosphere where magnetic flux is concentrated.",
            "hits": 139
        },
        {
            "id": 3505,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3505/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Solar Cycle 23: Minimum-Maximum-Minimum Synoptic Sequence",
            "description": "This is a sequence of solar synoptic maps covering Solar Cycle 23.The SOHO spacecraft began collecting this data in May of 1996, near the beginning (minimum) of the sunspot cycle. The sequence is projected in cylindrical-equidistant (CED) coordinates suitable for reprojection on spheres for animation or visualization purposes. These images are not suitable for scientific analysis.The original data were collected in FITS format from the SOHO/MDI archive, one image for each Carrington Rotation, which are 27.2753 days long.Solar minimum for Cycle 23 was in May 1996 (Carrington Rotation #1909), solar maximum around March 2000 (Carrington Rotation #1960), with a return to minimum about October 2008 (Carrington Rotation #2075). There are two gaps in the sequence, totalling four rotations, at Carrington rotations #1938, 1939, 1940, 1941, and 1998. These images are missing from the sequence due to SOHO being offline. Gaps in the data coverage for individual maps (occasional day outages or poor coverage near the poles of the Sun) were filled using data accumulated from previous maps.IMPORTANT NOTE: These images are for visualization purposes only. They are not suitable for scientific analysis. || ",
            "hits": 67
        },
        {
            "id": 3548,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3548/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Comparison: Solar Minimum from SOHO/EIT",
            "description": "This is a short movie of the Sun at the minimum of solar activity. This images are collected in ultraviolet light (a wavelength of 195 Å or 19.5 nanometers) which is only visible to space-based instruments. In visible light, few to now sunspots would be visible.At solar minimum, we see few bright active regions. The mottled look is from small 'hot spots' which last less than 48 hours. There are dark regions at the top and bottom of the Sun (corresponding to the north and south solar poles) created by solar magnetic field lines that connect to the interstellar magnetic field. A similar dark region, below the solar equator, is called a coronal hole, where open magnetic field lines enable particles to stream away at high speeds. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 3549,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3549/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Comparison: Solar Maximum from SOHO/EIT",
            "description": "A short movie of the Sun at maximum solar activity as seen in ultraviolet light. These images are collected in ultraviolet light (a wavelength of 195Å or 19.5 nanometers) which is only visible to space-based instruments. In visible light, the bright white regions in these images would probably correspond to sunspots.At solar maximum, we see many bright active regions which tend to form in bands in the northern and southern hemispheres. Many of the active regions may eventually launch solar flares or coronal mass ejections (CME). || ",
            "hits": 27
        }
    ]
}