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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 40548,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/solarand-heliospheric-observatory-soho/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2026-03-03T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SOHO – Solar and Heliospheric Observatory",
            "description": "Launched in December 1995, the Solar and Heliospheric Observatory (SOHO) is a joint mission between NASA and ESA (European Space Agency) designed to study the Sun inside out. Though its mission was originally scheduled to last until 1998, SOHO continues to collect observations about the Sun’s interior, the solar atmosphere, and the constant stream of solar particles known as the solar wind, adding to scientists' understanding of our closest star and making many new discoveries, including finding more than 5,000 comets.\n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/soho/",
            "hits": 506
        },
        {
            "id": 40455,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/spacecraft-animations/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2023-01-24T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Satellite Animations",
            "description": "A collection of spacecraft beauty pass animations for current missions.",
            "hits": 305
        },
        {
            "id": 4931,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4931/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-08-26T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Earth Observing Fleet (August 2021)",
            "description": "Earth observing fleet for August 2021 - this version labels the \"Sentinel-6 Michael Freilich\" spacecraft:  Sentinel-6 || fleet_2021_AUG_sentinel6.6600_print.jpg (1024x576) [84.5 KB] || sentinel6 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || fleet_2021_AUG_sentinel6_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [39.5 MB] || fleet_2021_AUG_sentinel6_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [14.2 MB] || fleet_2021_AUG_sentinel6_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [198 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 4822,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4822/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2020-09-15T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Heliophysics Sentinels 2020",
            "description": "There have been few changes since the 2018 Heliophysics Fleet.  Van Allen Probes and SORCE have been decommissioned, while Solar Orbiter, ICON and SET have been added.  As of spring 2020, here's a tour of the NASA Heliophysics fleet from the near-Earth satellites out to the Voyagers beyond the heliopause.Excepting the Voyager missions, the satellite orbits are color coded for their observing program:Magenta: TIM (Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere) observationsYellow: solar observations and imageryCyan: Geospace and magnetosphereViolet: Heliospheric observations || ",
            "hits": 36
        },
        {
            "id": 4360,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4360/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2018-12-10T11:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Heliophysics Sentinels 2018",
            "description": "This movie presents the trajectories of the heliophysics fleet from close to Earth to out beyond the heliopause. || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [74.5 KB] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_searchweb.png (180x320) [65.6 KB] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_thm.png (80x40) [5.1 KB] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [40.3 MB] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [125.7 MB] || Sentinels2018.Sentinels2Voyager_1080p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "hits": 45
        },
        {
            "id": 12792,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12792/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-12-05T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's TSIS-1: Tracking Sun’s Power to Earth (Prelaunch Media Roll-Ins)",
            "description": "We live on a solar-powered planet. As we wake up in morning, the Sun peeks out over the horizon to shed light on us, blankets us with warmth, and provides cues to start our day. At the same time, the Sun’s energy drives our planet’s ocean currents, seasons, weather, and climate. Without the Sun, life on Earth would not exist. || ",
            "hits": 159
        },
        {
            "id": 12769,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12769/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-11-02T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "TSIS-1 Pre-launch Materials",
            "description": "Animation - NASA’s Solar Radiation and Climate Experiment, or SORCE, collected this data on total solar irradiance, the total amount of the Sun’s radiant energy, throughout Sept. 2017. While the Sun produced high levels of extreme ultraviolet light, SORCE actually detected a dip in total irradiance during the month’s intense solar activity. A possible explanation for this observation is that over the active regions — where solar flares originate — the darkening effect of sunspots is greater than the brightening effect of the flare’s extreme ultraviolet emissions. As a result, the total solar irradiance suddenly dropped during the flare events. Scientists gather long-term solar irradiance data in order to understand not only our dynamic star, but also its relationship to Earth’s environment and climate. NASA is ready to launch the Total Spectral solar Irradiance Sensor-1, or TSIS-1, this December to continue making total solar irradiance measurements. || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.00300_print.jpg (1024x576) [81.7 KB] || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.00300_searchweb.png (320x180) [48.6 KB] || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.00300_web.png (320x180) [48.6 KB] || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.00300_thm.png (80x40) [4.5 KB] || SORCE_TSI_Prores.mov (1920x1080) [183.3 MB] || PRORES_B-ROLL-SORCE_TSI_prores.mov (1280x720) [90.0 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080-SORCE_TSI_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.4 MB] || APPLE_TV-SORCE_TSI_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [5.5 MB] || NASA_TV-SORCE_TSI.mpeg (1280x720) [39.8 MB] || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [12.3 MB] || LARGE_MP4-SORCE_TSI_large.webm (1920x1080) [995.7 KB] || NASA_PODCAST-SORCE_TSI_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [4.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 35
        },
        {
            "id": 4589,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4589/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-10-25T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Heliophysics Sentinels 2017",
            "description": "This visualization starts from near Earth and the Earth orbiting satellite fleet out to the Moon, then past the Sun-Earth Lagrange point 1 to out beyond the heliopause.  This is the long-play version. || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [136.1 KB] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_searchweb.png (180x320) [84.6 KB] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.UHD3840.00000_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.HD1080i_p30.webm (1920x1080) [12.4 MB] || SlowPlay (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.HD1080i_p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [111.6 MB] || SlowPlay (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [336.2 MB] || Sentinels2017.Sentinels2Voyager.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow [209 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 11937,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11937/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-07-20T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Earth's Energy Budget",
            "description": "Earth's energy budget is a metaphor for the delicate equilibrium between energy received from the Sun versus energy radiated back out in to space. Research into precise details of Earth's energy budget is vital for understanding how the planet's climate may be changing, as well as variabilities in solar energy output. NASA’s (The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) CERES and NASA's Total and Spectral solar Irradiance Sensor (TSIS-1), missions play key roles in our continued understanding of Earth’s Energy Budget.NASA’s TSIS helps scientists keep a close watch on the sun’s energy input to Earth. Various satellites have captured a continuous record of this solar energy input since 1978. TSIS-1 sensors advance previous measurements, enabling scientists to study the sun's natural influence on Earth's ozone layer, atmospheric circulation, clouds, and ecosystems. These observations are essential for a scientific understanding of the effects of solar variability on the Earth system. TSIS-1 makes two key measurements: total solar irradiance, or TSI, the sun's total energy input into Earth, and solar spectral irradiance (SSI), the distribution of the sun's energy input across ultraviolet, visible, and infrared wavelengths of light. TSI measurements are needed to quantify the solar variations in the total amount of energy input to the Earth. SSI measurements are also vital because different wavelengths of light are absorbed by different parts of the atmosphere.For more than 20 years, NASA Langley's CERES (System) instruments have measured the solar energy reflected by Earth, the heat the planet emits, and the role of clouds in that process.  The final CERES Flight Model, CERES FM6 launched aboard NOAA’s JPSS-1 in Fall 2017.  CERES FM6 contributes to an already extensive CERES dataset that helps scientists validate models that calculate the effect of clouds on planetary heating and cooling. The same data can also be helpful for improving near-term, seasonal forecasts influenced by weather events such as El Niño and La Niña. El Niño and La Niña are weather patterns that develop when ocean temperatures fluctuate between warm and cool phases in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Built by Northrop Grumman and managed by Langley, CERES FM6 joins five other CERES instruments orbiting the planet on three other satellites.NASA Goddard Space Flight Center manages the TSIS-1 project. The University of Colorado's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) built both instruments and provides mission operations. The International Space Station carries TSIS-1.Earth's energy budget is a metaphor for the delicate equilibrium between energy received from the Sun versus energy radiated back out in to space. Research into precise details of Earth's energy budget is vital for understanding how the planet's climate may be changing, as well as variabilities in solar energy output. NASA’s (The Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) CERES and NASA's Total and Spectral solar Irradiance Sensor (TSIS-1), missions play key roles in our continued understanding of Earth’s Energy Budget.NASA’s TSIS helps scientists keep a close watch on the sun’s energy input to Earth. Various satellites have captured a continuous record of this solar energy input since 1978. TSIS-1 sensors advance previous measurements, enabling scientists to study the sun's natural influence on Earth's ozone layer, atmospheric circulation, clouds, and ecosystems. These observations are essential for a scientific understanding of the effects of solar variability on the Earth system. TSIS-1 makes two key measurements: total solar irradiance, or TSI, the sun's total energy input into Earth, and solar spectral irradiance (SSI), the distribution of the sun's energy input across ultraviolet, visible, and infrared wavelengths of light. TSI measurements are needed to quantify the solar variations in the total amount of energy input to the Earth. SSI measurements are also vital because different wavelengths of light are absorbed by different parts of the atmosphere.For more than 20 years, NASA Langley's CERES (System) instruments have measured the solar energy reflected by Earth, the heat the planet emits, and the role of clouds in that process.  The final CERES Flight Model, CERES FM6 launched aboard NOAA’s JPSS-1 in Fall 2017.  CERES FM6 contributes to an already extensive CERES dataset that helps scientists validate models that calculate the effect of clouds on planetary heating and cooling. The same data can also be helpful for improving near-term, seasonal forecasts influenced by weather events such as El Niño and La Niña. El Niño and La Niña are weather patterns that develop when ocean temperatures fluctuate between warm and cool phases in the Equatorial Pacific Ocean. Built by Northrop Grumman and managed by Langley, CERES FM6 joins five other CERES instruments orbiting the planet on three other satellites.NASA Goddard Space Flight Center manages the TSIS-1 project. The University of Colorado's Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics (LASP) built both instruments and provides mission operations. The International Space Station carries TSIS-1. || ",
            "hits": 158
        },
        {
            "id": 12335,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12335/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-08-15T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "2016 Sea Ice Minimum Live Shots",
            "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Live Shot Roll-Ins || 12335_Sea_Ice_LS_Roll_Ins_Still.png (1275x716) [79.0 KB] || 12335_Sea_Ice_LS_Roll_Ins_Still_print.jpg (1024x575) [27.4 KB] || 12335_Sea_Ice_LS_Roll_Ins.webm (1280x720) [37.0 MB] || 12335_Sea_Ice_LS_Roll_Ins.mov (1280x720) [1.9 GB] || ",
            "hits": 55
        },
        {
            "id": 12281,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12281/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-06-10T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Instagram: Solar Storms May Have Been Key to Life on Earth",
            "description": "Our sun's adolescence was stormy—and new evidence shows that these tempests may have been just the key to seeding life as we know it.Some 4 billion years ago, the sun shone with only about three-quarters the brightness we see today, but its surface roiled with giant eruptions spewing enormous amounts of solar material and radiation out into space. These powerful solar explosions may have provided the crucial energy needed to warm Earth, despite the sun's faintness. The eruptions also may have furnished the energy needed to turn simple molecules into the complex molecules such as RNA and DNA that were necessary for life. The research was published in Nature Geoscience on May 23, 2016, by a team of scientists from NASA.Understanding what conditions were necessary for life on our planet helps us both trace the origins of life on Earth and guide the search for life on other planets. Until now, however, fully mapping Earth's evolution has been hindered by the simple fact that the young sun wasn't luminous enough to warm Earth.\"Back then, Earth received only about 70 percent of the energy from the sun than it does today,\" said Vladimir Airapetian, lead author of the paper and a solar scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. \"That means Earth should have been an icy ball. Instead, geological evidence says it was a warm globe with liquid water. We call this the Faint Young Sun Paradox. Our new research shows that solar storms could have been central to warming Earth.\" || ",
            "hits": 67
        },
        {
            "id": 4288,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4288/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-06-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The 2015 Earth-Orbiting Heliophysics Fleet",
            "description": "Movie showing the heliosphysics missions from near Earth orbit out to the orbit of the Moon.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Helio2015A.MMStour.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0500_print.jpg (1024x576) [112.6 KB] || Helio2015A.MMStour.HD1080.webm (1920x1080) [6.7 MB] || WithoutTimeStamp (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || Helio2015A.MMStour.HD1080.mov (1920x1080) [196.3 MB] || Helio2015_4288.pptx [198.6 MB] || Helio2015_4288.key [201.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 3996,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3996/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-01-27T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including GPM",
            "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of January 2014) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and eleven others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, GPM, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #4070. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. Some simulated orbits where added, such as GPM, as they had not launched at the time these visualizations were created.Two versions of this visualization are provided. The first colors the orbits blue except that TRMM is colored green and GPM is colored red. The second visualization colors all of the orbits blue. || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 4127,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4127/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-12-16T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The 2013 Earth-Orbiting Heliophysics Fleet",
            "description": "There've been a few changes since the 2012 Earth-Orbiting Heliophysics Fleet. As of Fall of 2013, here's a tour of the NASA Near-Earth Heliophysics fleet, covering the space from near-Earth orbit out to the orbit of the Moon.The satellite orbits are color coded for their observing program:Magenta: TIM (Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere) observationsYellow: solar observations and imageryCyan: Geospace and magnetosphereViolet: Heliospheric observationsNear-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. SORCE: Monitors solar intensity across a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum.AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageVan Allen Probes: Two probes moving along the same orbit esigned to study the impact of space weather on Earth's radiation belts. SVS pageTWINS: Two Wide-Angle Imaging Neutral-Atom Spectrometers (TWINS) are two probes observing the Earth with neutral atom imagers.IRIS: Interface Region Imaging Spectrograph is designed to take high-resolution spectra and images of the region between the solar photosphere and solar atmosphere.Geosynchronous Fleet:SDO: Solar Dynamics Observatory keeps the Sun under continuous observation at 16 megapixel resolution.GOES: The newest GOES satellites include a solar X-ray imager operated by NOAA.Geospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of three satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. Two of the original five satellites were moved into lunar orbit to become ARTEMIS. SVS page IBEX: The Interstellar Boundary Explorer measures the flux of neutral atoms from the heliopause.Lunar Orbiting FleetARTEMIS: Two of the THEMIS satellites were moved into lunar orbit to study the interaction of the Earth's magnetosphere with the Moon. || ",
            "hits": 85
        },
        {
            "id": 30065,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30065/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2013-07-22T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Earth Science Division Missions",
            "description": "In order to study the Earth as a whole system and understand how it is changing, NASA develops and supports a large number of Earth observing missions. These missions provide Earth science researchers the necessary data to address key questions about global climate change.",
            "hits": 189
        },
        {
            "id": 4070,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4070/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-06-26T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including Landsat 8",
            "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of May 2013) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and nine others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #3725. It was created for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 6840 x 2304. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. || ",
            "hits": 106
        },
        {
            "id": 3969,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3969/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-09-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The 2012 Earth-Orbiting Heliophysics Fleet",
            "description": "Since Sentinels of the Heliosphere in 2008, there have been a few new missions, and a few missions have been shut down. As of Fall of 2012, here's a tour of the NASA Near-Earth Heliophysics fleet, covering the space from near-Earth orbit out to the orbit of the Moon.Revision (November 9, 2012): The RBSP mission has been renamed the Van Allen Probes. NASA Press Release.The satellite orbits are color coded for their observing program:Magenta: TIM (Thermosphere, Ionosphere, Mesosphere) observationsYellow: solar observations and imageryCyan: Geospace and magnetosphereViolet: Heliospheric observationsNear-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. SORCE: Monitors solar intensity across a broad range of the electromagnetic spectrum.AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageRBSP: (Renamed the Van Allen Probes) Designed to study the impact of space weather on Earth's radiation belts. SVS pageGeosynchronous Fleet:SDO: Solar Dynamics Observatory keeps the Sun under continuous observation at 16 megapixel resolution.GOES: The newest GOES satellites include a solar X-ray imager operated by NOAA.Geospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of three satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. Two of the original five satellites were moved into lunar orbit to become ARTEMIS. SVS page IBEX: The Interstellar Boundary Explorer measures the flux of neutral atoms from the heliopause.Lunar Orbiting FleetARTEMIS: Two of the THEMIS satellites were moved into lunar orbit to study the interaction of the Earth's magnetosphere with the Moon.Note: A number of near-Earth missions had their orbits generated from Two-Line orbital elements valid in July 2012. Orbit perturbations since then may result in significant deviation from the actual satellite position for the time frame of this visualization. || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 3892,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3892/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-12-06T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Hyperwall Show: Earth Observing Fleet with Suomi NPP and Aquarius",
            "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of November 2011) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Terra, Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and nine others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of entry 3725. It was created for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 6840 x 2304. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in November of 2011. The animation spans six hours, from 15:00 to 21:00 UT (10 am to 4 pm EST) on November 30, 2011. || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 3792,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3792/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-10-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Meet NASA's Earth-Observing Fleet",
            "description": "TRMM. Landsat 7. Terra. ACRIMSAT. EO-1. Jason 1. GRACE (twice). Aqua. ICESat. SORCE. Aura. CloudSat. CALIPSO. Jason 2. And, as of June 2011, Aquarius.  None of the acronym-heavy Earth-observing satellites seen in the visualization below have achieved the name recognition of big-ticket NASA missions like Apollo or Hubble. But unmanned probes are quietly beaming down information that has transformed our understanding of how the Earth works and what we know of the human fingerprint on climate. Together they represent a mission to planet Earth as ambitious as any NASA has made to the Moon or Mars. One of the oldest functioning satellites in the fleet, TRMM, monitors precipitation; the newest, Aquarius, measures the salinity of the ocean. The next to launch in October 2011—NPP—will continue a suite of atmospheric, ocean, and land surface records initiated decades ago. The visualization shows the precise orbit tracks of twenty current and former Earth-observing satellites (not including Aquarius), as well as the International Space Station and Hubble. || ",
            "hits": 43
        },
        {
            "id": 40046,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/nasas-heliophysics-gallery/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2010-03-04T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's Heliophysics Gallery",
            "description": "Heliophysics studies the nature of the Sun and how it influences the very nature of space and the planets and the technology that exists there. Learn more at nasa.gov/sun.",
            "hits": 313
        },
        {
            "id": 10524,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10524/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-11-04T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Glory's Suncatcher",
            "description": "The Sun's energy is one of the biggest forcings on Earth's climate, and for years satellites have measured total solar irradiance. Glory will continue collection of this critical climate data, which will contribute to the long-term climate record. The cutting edge TIM instrument will continue the work of NASA's SORCE mission. For complete transcript, click here. || Glorys_Suncatcher_512x288.00627_print.jpg (1024x576) [45.3 KB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_512x288_web.png (320x180) [150.8 KB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_512x288_thm.png (80x40) [15.2 KB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_960x540_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [40.2 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_1280x720_ProRes.mov (1280x720) [3.2 GB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_1280x720_H264.mov (1280x720) [97.7 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_960x540_AppleTV.m4v (960x540) [107.5 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_640x480_ipod.m4v (640x360) [35.1 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_512x288.mpg (512x288) [36.1 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher_320x240.mp4 (320x180) [14.3 MB] || Glorys_Suncatcher.wmv (320x180) [17.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 28
        },
        {
            "id": 10384,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10384/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-02-19T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Glory's Total Irradiance Monitor (TIM)",
            "description": "The Total Irradiance Monitor (TIM) is an electrical substitution radiometer (ESR) that measures total solar irradiance (TSI) with extreme accuracy and precision. It has four identical radiometers to provide redundancy and to detect changes in the instrument performance due to exposure to solar radiation. As illustrated by this animation, the TIM is mounted on a two-axis, gimbaled platform that tracks the Sun independent of spacecraft orientation. The Glory TIM will continue the TSI measurements currently being acquired by the TIM instrument on the NASA SORCE satellite, in orbit since 2003. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 10395,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10395/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-02-19T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Earth's Energy Budget Animations: Global View and Budget Breakout",
            "description": "Total solar irradiance (TSI) is the dominant driver of the Earth's climate. The global temperature of the Earth is almost completely determined by the balance between the intensity of the incident solar radiation and the response of the Earth's atmosphere via absorption, reflection, and re-radiation. Roughly 30 percent of the TSI that strikes the Earth is reflected back into space by clouds, atmospheric aerosols, snow, ice, desert sand, rooftops, and even ocean surf. The remaining 70 percent of the TSI is absorbed by the land, ocean, and atmosphere. In addition, different layers of the Earth's atmosphere absorb different wavelengths of light. Changes in either the TSI or in the composition of the atmosphere can cause climate change. Two conceptual science animations provide two different perspectives that both illustrate Earth's energy budget. || ",
            "hits": 88
        },
        {
            "id": 10198,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10198/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-05-07T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Striking a Solar Balance",
            "description": "This short film explores the vital connection between the Earth and the Sun.  NASA's Glory mission and the Total Irradiance Monitor will continue nearly three decades of solar irradiance measurments.  This crucial data will contribute to the long-term climate record.For complete transcript, click here. || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x48001227_print.jpg (1024x768) [110.2 KB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480_web.png (320x240) [213.2 KB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480_thm.png (80x40) [13.1 KB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.5 KB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_720x486_ProRes.webmhd.webm (960x540) [44.9 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480.mpg (640x480) [118.9 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_720x486_ProRes.mov (720x486) [972.5 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480_H264.mov (720x486) [171.0 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_640x480.m4v (640x480) [39.9 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance_320x240.mp4 (320x240) [17.5 MB] || Striking_a_Solar_Balance.wmv (346x260) [30.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 325
        },
        {
            "id": 3355,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3355/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2006-05-20T23:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "A Short Tour of the Cryosphere",
            "description": "A newer version of this animation is available here.This narrated, 5-minute animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet. This is a shorter version of a narrated, 7 1/2 minute animation entitled  'A Tour of the Cryosphere'.See the above link for a detailed description of the full animation.Two sections have been removed from the original animation: one showing a flyby of the South Pole station and glaciers feeding the Ross Ice Shelf and one showing solar data related to the Earth's energy balance.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website. || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 3181,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3181/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-12-04T23:55:00-05:00",
            "title": "A Tour of the Cryosphere",
            "description": "A new HD version of this animation is available here.Click here to go to the media download section.The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. In these regions, surface temperatures remain below freezing for a portion of each year. Since ice and snow exist relatively close to their melting point, they frequently change from solid to liquid and back again due to fluctuations in surface temperature. Although direct measurements of the cryosphere can be difficult to obtain due to the remote locations of many of these areas, using satellite observations scientists monitor changes in the global and regional climate by observing how regions of the Earth's cryosphere shrink and expand.This animation portrays fluctuations in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of satellite-based sensors. The animation begins in Antarctica, showing ice thickness ranging from 2.7 to 4.8 kilometers thick along with swaths of polar stratospheric clouds. In a tour of this frozen continent, the animation shows some unique features of the Antarctic landscape found nowhere else on earth. Ice shelves, ice streams, glaciers, and the formation of massive icebergs can be seen. A time series shows the movement of iceberg B15A, an iceberg 295 kilometers in length which broke off of the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. Moving farther along the coastline, a time series of the Larsen ice shelf shows the collapse of over 3,200 square kilometers ice since January 2002. As we depart from the Antarctic, we see the seasonal change of sea ice and how it nearly doubles the size of the continent during the winter.From Antarctica, the animation travels over South America showing areas of permafrost over this mostly tropical continent. We then move further north to observe daily changes in snow cover over the North American continent. The clouds show winter storms moving across the United States and Canada, leaving trails of snow cover behind. In a close-up view of the western US, we compare the difference in land cover between two years: 2003 when the region received a normal amount of snow and 2002 when little snow was accumulated. The difference in the surrounding vegetation due to the lack of spring melt water from the mountain snow pack is evident.As the animation moves from the western US to the Arctic region, the areas effected by permafrost are visible. In December, we see how the incoming solar radiation primarily heats the Southern Hemisphere. As time marches forward from December to June, the daily snow and sea ice recede as the incoming solar radiation moves northward to warm the Northern Hemisphere.Using satellite swaths that wrap the globe, the animation shows three types of instantaneous measurements of solar radiation observed on June 20, 2003: shortwave (reflected) radiation, longwave (thermal) radiation and net flux (showing areas of heating and cooling). Correlation between reflected radiation and clouds are evident. When the animation fades to show the monthly global average net flux, we see that the polar regions serve to cool the global climate by radiating solar energy back into space throughout the year.The animation shows a one-year cycle of the monthly average Arctic sea ice concentration followed by the mean September minimum sea ice for each year from 1979 through 2004. A red outline indicates the mean sea ice extent for September over 22 years, from 1979 to 2002. The minimum Arctic sea ice animation clearly shows how over the last 5 years the quantity of polar ice has decreased by 10 - 14% from the 22 year average.While moving from the Arctic to Greenland, the animation shows the constant motion of the Arctic polar ice using daily measures of sea ice activity. Sea ice flows from the Arctic into Baffin Bay as the seasonal ice expands southward. As we draw close to the Greenland coast, the animation shows the recent changes in the Jakobshavn glacier. Although Jakobshavn receded only slightly from 1042 to 2001, the animation shows significant recession over the past three years, from 2002 through 2004.This animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website. || ",
            "hits": 104
        },
        {
            "id": 3177,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3177/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-06-21T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Net Radiation Flux Compared to Clouds (WMS)",
            "description": "The Earth's climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun to the Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere. As the Earth rotates, the sun lights up only part of the Earth at a time, and some of that incoming solar energy is reflected and some is absorbed, depending on type of area it lights. The amount of reflection and absorption is critical to the climate. An instrument named CERES orbits the Earth every 99 minutes and measures the reflected solar energy. This animation shows the net radiation flux within view of CERES during 29 orbits on June 20 and 21 of 2003. The net flux is the incoming solar flux minus the outgoing reflected (shortwave) and thermal (longwave) radiation. If the flux in a region is positive, the Earth is being warmed by the sun in that region, while cooling regions have a negative flux. It is clear from the animation that the most intensive heating occurs in ocean regions with few clouds, while the second most intense are cloud-free regions over vegetated land areas. Deserts, cloudy regions, and ice caps all reflect enough solar radiation to reduce the amount of heating. Regions of night are, of course, cooling regions because there is no incoming flux at all. || ",
            "hits": 62
        },
        {
            "id": 3178,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3178/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-06-21T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Incoming Solar Flux Compared to Clouds (WMS)",
            "description": "The Earth's climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun to the Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere. As the Earth rotates, the sun lights up only part of the Earth at a time, and some of that incoming solar energy is reflected and some is absorbed, depending on type of area it lights. The amount of reflection and absorption is critical to the climate. An instrument named CERES orbits the Earth every 99 minutes and measures the reflected solar energy. This animation shows the incoming solar radiation within view of CERES during 29 orbits on June 20 and 21 of 2003. Because this is incoming solar flux, its magnitude only depends on the position of the sun, and, because the orbit is synchronized with the sun, the orbit crosses the equator in the daylight at about 1:30 PM local time on every orbit. This data is not actually measured from CERES, but is calculated to compare with the outgoing radiation that CERES does measure. Note that the infrared cloud image shown under the solar data shows high infrared as dark (land) and low infrared as light (clouds). || ",
            "hits": 35
        },
        {
            "id": 3105,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3105/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Instantaneous Incoming Solar Flux (WMS)",
            "description": "The Earth's climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun to the Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere. As the Earth rotates, the sun lights up only part of the Earth at a time, and some of that incoming solar energy is reflected and some is absorbed, depending on type of area it lights. The amount of reflection and absorption is critical to the climate. An instrument named CERES orbits the Earth every 99 minutes and measures the reflected solar energy. This animation shows the incoming solar radiation within view of CERES during 29 orbits on June 20 and 21 of 2003. Because this is incoming solar flux, its magnitude only depends on the position of the sun, and, because the orbit is synchronized with the sun, the orbit crosses the equator in the daylight at about 1:30 PM local time on every orbit. This data is not actually measured from CERES, but is calculated to compare with the outgoing radiation that CERES does measure. || ",
            "hits": 92
        },
        {
            "id": 3106,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3106/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Instantaneous Net Radiation Flux (WMS)",
            "description": "The Earth's climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun to the Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere. As the Earth rotates, the sun lights up only part of the Earth at a time, and some of that incoming solar energy is reflected and some is absorbed, depending on type of area it lights. The amount of reflection and absorption is critical to the climate. An instrument named CERES orbits the Earth every 99 minutes and measures the reflected solar energy. This animation shows the net radiation flux within view of CERES during 29 orbits on June 20 and 21 of 2003. The net flux is the incoming solar flux minus the outgoing reflected (shortwave) and thermal (longwave) radiation. If the flux in a region is positive, the Earth is being warmed by the sun in that region, while cooling regions have a negative flux. It is clear from the animation that the most intensive heating occurs in ocean regions with few clouds, while the second most intense are cloud-free regions over vegetated land areas. Deserts, cloudy regions, and ice caps all reflect enough solar radiation to reduce the amount of heating. Regions of night are, of course, cooling regions because there is no incoming flux at all. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 3109,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3109/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Solar Irradiance (WMS)",
            "description": "The Earth's climate is determined by energy transfer from the sun to the Earth's land, oceans, and atmosphere.  As the Earth moves around the sun, the fact that the Earth's axis is tilted means that the sun's overhead position moves from the Northern Hemisphere to the Southern Hemisphere and back from one summer to the next.  This effect causes winters to be cold and summers warm in the Northern Hemisphere and the opposite in the Southern Hemisphere.  This animation shows the incoming solar irradiance on the Earth at noon on the Greenwich meridian during an entire year, illustrating this movement.  The magnitude of this irradiance comes from measurements by the TIM instrument on SORCE.  Since the Earth's orbit is elliptical, the magnitude of the solar irradiance at the Earth is least when the Earth is farthest from the sun and greatest when the earth is closest.  This 6 or 7 percent change can be seen in the animation by watching the dark bands move.  When the bands expand from the bright spot, the Earth is getting closer to the sun, from July through December, and when they contract the Earth is moving away, from January through June.  The sun's irradiance is also variable from day to day, but that effect is about ten times smaller than the effect of the earth's orbit. || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 2917,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2917/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-02-20T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SORCE Monitors Solar Variability during Record Solar Flares",
            "description": "The SORCE mission monitors solar variability to determine its impact on the Earth's climate. The X-ray photometer aboard SORCE observes the record-breaking solar flares in the Fall of 2003. The line graph shows the photometer's measured solar radiation flux in the 1-7 nanometer wavelength band (x-ray) measured in milliwatts per square meter. The ultraviolet (195 angstrom) imagery from SOHO/EIT (green) illustrates where the flares (the bright white spots) are located on the solar disk. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 2918,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2918/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-02-20T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SORCE Monitors Solar Variability during Record Solar Flares - Video version",
            "description": "The SORCE mission monitors solar variability to determine its impact on the Earth's climate. The X-ray photometer aboard SORCE observes the record-breaking solar flares in the Fall of 2003. The line graph shows the photometer's measured solar radiation flux in the 1-7 nanometer wavelength band (x-ray) measured in milliwatts per square meter. The ultraviolet (195 angstrom) imagery from SOHO/EIT (green) illustrates where the flares (the bright white spots) are located on the solar disk. This version has the contents slightly smaller for use in video. || ",
            "hits": 23
        },
        {
            "id": 40220,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/archiveof-old-stories/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2004-01-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Archive of Old Stories (1997 - 2004)",
            "description": "",
            "hits": 12
        },
        {
            "id": 20076,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20076/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2003-03-26T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SORCE Beauty Pass",
            "description": "A close-up view of the SORCE satellite in orbit. || A close-up view of the SORCE satellite in orbit. || sorce_pre.00002_print.jpg (1024x698) [36.1 KB] || sorce_thm.png (80x40) [3.3 KB] || sorce_pre.jpg (320x218) [4.6 KB] || sorce_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [32.6 KB] || sorce.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.3 MB] || sorce.mpg (352x240) [5.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 22
        },
        {
            "id": 2644,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2644/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2003-01-02T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Solar 'Constant' - Faculae vs. Sunspots",
            "description": "Three views of the Sun showing different levels of solar activity. The color table has been altered to enhance the appearance of the faculae (white regions) which are hotter than sunspots (red-black regions) and whose greater total area contribute to increasing the solar flux reaching the Earth. || Low solar activity - October 28, 1998 || activity-01-low.jpg (2048x2048) [437.9 KB] || activity-01-low_web.jpg (320x320) [21.2 KB] || activity-01-low.tif (2048x2048) [1.7 MB] || ",
            "hits": 55
        },
        {
            "id": 2656,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2656/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2003-01-02T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Zoom-out from the Sun",
            "description": "A close-up view of a sunspot group with faculae and pull-out to show the entire Sun. || ",
            "hits": 61
        }
    ]
}