{ "count": 261, "next": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/api/search/?limit=100&offset=100&search=%22False+Color%22", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 40550, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/voyager/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2026-03-04T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Voyager", "description": "Launched in 1977, the twin Voyager spacecraft are NASA’s longest operating and most distant spacecraft. Hurtling through space at over 38,000 miles per hour, Voyager 1 and 2 were the first confirmed human-made objects to cross the threshold into interstellar space. After completing an in-depth reconnaissance of the outer planets, the Voyager spacecraft departed the heliosphere, the protective bubble of particles and magnetic fields generated by the Sun, in two separate directions and are now exploring the edges of interstellar space. \n\nLearn more: https://science.nasa.gov/mission/voyager/", "hits": 625 }, { "id": 5417, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5417/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2024-12-09T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "GeoXO - OCX", "description": "This visualization begins with a global view of Earth, showcasing a hypothetical scanning pattern for the OCX instrument on the proposed GeoXO East satellite. The camera then zooms in on several scan regions, displaying false-color ocean data. A spectral \"hypercube\" of data is revealed next, with each color-tinted layer representing a specific band of collected data for a given location. Finally, the camera transitions into a swath of satellite imagery, highlighting the proposed OCX resolution.", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 31320, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31320/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2024-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Ozone Hole Maximum, 1979-2024", "description": "Here, the globes show ozone data on the day that the minimum ozone concentration was reached over Antarctica, each year from 1979 and 2024. || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_1080pa.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [115.6 KB] || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_1080pa.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [54.4 KB] || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_1080pa.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_1080pa.mp4 (1920x1080) [82.2 MB] || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_1080pa.webm (1920x1080) [7.6 MB] || annual_minimum_ozone_hole_area_yesColorbar_4ka.mp4 (3840x2160) [228.9 MB] || antarctic-ozone-hole-maximum-1979-2024-4k-movie.hwshow [361 bytes] || antarctic-ozone-hole-maximum-1979-2024-1080p-movie.hwshow [370 bytes] || ", "hits": 231 }, { "id": 31195, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31195/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2024-04-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "50+ years of Landsat: Las Vegas", "description": "The city of Las Vegas—meaning the meadows—was established in 1905. In the 1930s, gambling became legalized and construction of the Hoover Dam began, resulting in the city's first growth spurt. Since then, Las Vegas has not stopped growing. Population has reached nearly two million over the past decade, becoming one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the world. These false-color images show the rapid urbanization of Las Vegas between 1972 and 2024.", "hits": 160 }, { "id": 31253, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31253/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2023-10-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ozone Minimum Concentrations, 1979-2023", "description": "Here, the globes show ozone data on the day that the minimum ozone concentration was reached over Antarctica, each year from 1979 and 2023. || annual_ozone_min_v2_4k.00001_print.jpg (1024x574) [109.7 KB] || annual_ozone_min_v2_4k.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [52.9 KB] || annual_ozone_min_v2_4k.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || annual_ozone_min_v2_1080p30_2.mp4 (1920x1080) [7.5 MB] || annual_ozone_min_v2_1080p30_2.webm (1920x1080) [5.2 MB] || annual_ozone_min_v2 (4104x2304) [128.0 KB] || annual_ozone_min_v2_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [18.2 MB] || ", "hits": 117 }, { "id": 40459, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/cosmic-cycles5-planetary-fantasia/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2023-05-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Cosmic Cycles 5 Planetary Fantasia", "description": "Earth’s siblings, the other planets were created at the birth of the solar system. They give us a glimpse of the variety possible in the universe and how rare Earth is. As we explore these other worlds, we fuel our adventurous spirit and discover new wonders at every turn: riverbeds on Mars, volcanoes on Jupiter’s moon Io, auroras on Saturn, and sulfuric-acid clouds on Venus.", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 40462, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/cosmic-cycles3-earthas-art/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2023-05-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Cosmic Cycles 3 Earth as Art", "description": "Starting in 1972, nine Landsat satellites have orbited Earth, taking images of the surface. This unprecedented coverage has been tremendously useful to the scientific community, but it has also produced thousands of beautiful high-resolution images of the complex patterns of our world. From the fractal patterns of mountain ranges and river deltas to the precise geometry of agriculture, Landsat has rendered Earth as a work of art.", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 31196, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31196/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2022-10-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "50 years of Landsat: Denver", "description": "Since 1972, Landsat satellites have observed our planet’s forests, deserts, cities, farms, and badlands. The Mile High City rose up on the hopes of gold miners, who founded the city in 1858 after the discovery of gold in the waters at the confluence of the South Platte River and Cherry Creek. Denver, Colorado, quickly became a hub for the mining towns to the west and the agricultural interests on the plains to the east. Unhindered by any major body of water or topographic feature to the north, south, or east, the city has expanded in all directions. These red-NIR-green combination false color images show the city of Denver between 1972 or 1972 and 2022, using sensors aboard Landsat satellites that have been collecting data in different ranges of frequencies along the electromagnetic spectrum for nearly 50 years. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 31191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31191/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2022-08-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Webb’s Jupiter Images Showcase Auroras and Hazes", "description": "A wide field view showcases Jupiter in the upper right quadrant. The planet’s swirling horizontal stripes are rendered in blues, browns, and cream. Electric blue auroras (labeled Northern and Southern Aurora) glow above Jupiter’s north and south poles. A white glow emanates out from the auroras. Along the planet’s equator, rings glow in a faint white. These rings are one million times fainter than the planet itself! At the far left edge of the rings, a moon (labeled as Andrastea) appears as a tiny white dot. Slightly further to the left, another moon (labeled as Amalthea) glows with tiny white diffraction spikes. The rest of the image is the blackness of space, with faintly glowing white galaxies in the distance. Also labeled are spikes of light eminating from the Southern Aurora, which are diffraction spikes. At far left there is also another faint line labeled as a diffraction spike from Jupiter's moon Io. || webb-jupiter-first-image_print.jpg (1024x576) [47.7 KB] || webb-jupiter-first-image.png (3840x2160) [2.9 MB] || webb-jupiter-first-image_searchweb.png (320x180) [31.3 KB] || webb-jupiter-first-image_thm.png (80x40) [3.0 KB] || webbs-jupiter-images-showcase-auroras-and-hazes.hwshow [319 bytes] || ", "hits": 298 }, { "id": 31161, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31161/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2021-10-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Shrinking Tropical Ice Areas", "description": "Ten selected false-color Landsat images from 1980 to 2020 show the progressive loss of ice from the highest part of the Surdiman Range, part of the Maoke ‘Snow’ Mountains in the Indonesian Province of Papua on the island of New Guinea. This location is about 4 degrees south of the Equator but the rocky peaks near Puncak Jaya (4884 m or 16,020 ft at the highest point) are known to have had extensive glacial ice cover for thousands of years. Excluding the small ice area once found near Ngga Pilimsit, from an initial ice area of ~6.3 km2 in 1980 near the highest peaks east of the vast Grasberg Mine, only about 0.3 km2 of glacial ice remains in these mountains. The imagery series also gives the approximate dates of when specific ice remnants disappeared. Each image in the time series has an area of about 16.9 x 9.5 km (10.5 x 5.9 mi). || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [135.3 KB] || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_00000_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.4 KB] || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_00000_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [24.3 MB] || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.6 MB] || puncakjaya (3840x2160) [128.0 KB] || v2-puncakjaya-time-series_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [58.3 MB] || ", "hits": 90 }, { "id": 31167, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31167/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2021-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Radar Detects Oil Slick in Gulf of Mexico", "description": "An oil slick is detected in airborne radar data and satellite visible band imagery. || delta-x_uavsar_oil_slick_PIA24540_print.jpg (1024x576) [145.6 KB] || delta-x_uavsar_oil_slick_PIA24540.png (3840x2160) [8.2 MB] || delta-x_uavsar_oil_slick_PIA24540_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.5 KB] || delta-x_uavsar_oil_slick_PIA24540_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || delta-x_uavsar_oil_slick_PIA24540.hwshow [324 bytes] || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 4886, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4886/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-02-16T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Bennu visualization on the cover of Science", "description": "3d model of asteroid Bennu with three data layers. Left to right - Albedo map with global image mosaic, carbon data, and false-color imagery. || Science_cover_3-slices_image-color-carbon.jpg (2304x2932) [3.1 MB] || Science_cover_3-slices_image-color-carbon_searchweb.png (320x180) [108.7 KB] || Science_cover_3-slices_image-color-carbon_thm.png (80x40) [20.1 KB] || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 13129, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13129/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-11-05T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Yellowstone Fire: Then and Now", "description": "Satellite images reveal a drastic change over the 30 years since the 1988 Yellowstone fires. || Yellowstone_1989_2018.jpg (1920x1080) [614.1 KB] || Yellowstone_1989_2018_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [299.7 KB] || Yellowstone_1989_2018_searchweb.png (320x180) [112.6 KB] || Yellowstone_1989_2018_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || ", "hits": 139 }, { "id": 40372, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/moonpole/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2019-05-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Moon's South Pole", "description": "This is a collection of the media resources available on the Scientific Visualization Studio website related to the south pole of the Moon, an area of special interest for future exploration. It has been studied intensively by every instrument aboard Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). It includes cold, permanently shadowed craters that have collected water and other volatiles and shielded them from the Sun. Its rugged terrain also offers temperate high spots with persistent sunshine ideal for continuous solar power generation. More information and media are available at\nLRO Camera Images (search for south pole)\nLRO Diviner temperature measurements\nLyman-Alpha Map\n", "hits": 1670 }, { "id": 31032, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31032/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-04-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Historic Floods Inundate Nebraska", "description": "Comparison of imagery of Omaha in March 2018 and 2019 shows flooding in 2019 || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_print.jpg (1024x576) [246.2 KB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019.png (3840x2160) [12.9 MB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_searchweb.png (320x180) [124.7 KB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [3.0 MB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [1.6 MB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_720p.webm (1280x720) [635.5 KB] || omaha_oli_flooding_2019_3840p.mp4 (3840x2160) [8.5 MB] || ", "hits": 87 }, { "id": 31026, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31026/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Opportunity's Final Image", "description": "Annotations:Incomplete image frames appear black and white. Color images taken with the rover's Pancam are taken one color at a time requiring three images of the same subject to create full color. Opportunity did not have the time to photograph those locations using the green and blue filters before a severe Mars-wide dust storm swept in on June 2018.The solar panel pyro-release mechanism is located at the hinge of the rover's solar panels. The solar arrays are folded for launch, cruise and landing on Mars. After the rover is safely on the surface, pyro-release mechanisms are fired to release the solar panels to their fixed deployment configuration.The tabular rock outcrop was the last surface feature Opportunity analyzed on June 3, 2018, (Sol 5,014) during its mission of exploration. The rover team was wrapping up investigations of these rocks when the dust storm hit.A portion of Opportunity's solar array can be seen here. The rover's solar arrays consist of high-efficiency triple-junction solar cells. The extended \"wings\" of the deployed solar arrays are often visible in images, especially ones that image the ground near the rover.Opportunity's entry point to Perseverance Valley. The rover first arrived at the valley rim on May 20, 2017, or Sol 4,736.Three pitted rock targets (\"Tomé,\" \"Nazas\" and \"Allende\") were investigated by Opportunity in late April and early May 2018. The pitted rocks had textures and compositions that were unique from anything the science team had seen during the mission.Endeavour Crater's rim is 250 feet (76 meters) distant.This small hill on Endeavour Crater rim is 210 feet (64 meters) distant.Rover wheel tracks appear as a reddish-brown color with linear tread marks.Rocky outcrop \"Ysleta del Sur,\" which is 23 feet (7 meters) distant, was investigated by Opportunity from March 3 through 29, 2018, or sols 5,015 through 5,038.The low-gain antenna, whose upper portion is visible here, would send and receive information in every direction, meaning it was \"omni-directional.\" The antenna was designed to transmit and receive radio waves at a low rate to the Deep Space Network antennas on Earth. || opportunity_last_image_print.jpg (1024x574) [80.8 KB] || opportunity_last_image.png (4104x2304) [6.3 MB] || opportunity_last_image_searchweb.png (320x180) [44.4 KB] || opportunity_last_image_thm.png (80x40) [4.2 KB] || opportunitys-final-image.hwshow [292 bytes] || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 30215, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30215/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-15T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "Urban Growth in Las Vegas", "description": "The city of Las Vegas—meaning the meadows—was established in 1905. Its grassy meadows and artesian springs attracted settlers traveling across the arid Desert Southwest in the early 1800s. In the 1930s, gambling became legalized and construction of the Hoover Dam began, resulting in the city's first growth spurt. Since then, Las Vegas has not stopped growing. Population has reached nearly two million over the past decade, becoming one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the world. These false-color images show the rapid urbanization of Las Vegas between 1972 and 2018. The city streets and other impervious surfaces appear gray, while irrigated vegetation appears red. Over the years, the expansion of irrigated vegetation (e.g., lawns and golf courses) has stretched the city’s desert bounds. || ", "hits": 430 }, { "id": 30965, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30965/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2018-05-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Infrared Glow of Kilauea’s Lava Flows", "description": "The Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8 acquired the data for this false-color view of the lava flow as it appeared on the night of May 23, 2018. || IR_leilani_print.jpg (1024x574) [95.3 KB] || IR_leilani.png (4104x2304) [3.5 MB] || IR_leilani_searchweb.png (320x180) [44.9 KB] || IR_leilani_thm.png (80x40) [2.7 KB] || the-infrared-glow-of-kilaueas-lava-flows.hwshow [284 bytes] || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 40348, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/esddatafor-societal-benefits/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2018-04-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "ESD data for Societal Benefit", "description": "No description available.", "hits": 228 }, { "id": 30938, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30938/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2018-04-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ice Losses in Tropical Asia", "description": "Progression from 1980-2018 || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [99.1 KB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_1080p.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.8 KB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_1080p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [5.2 MB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [3.0 MB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [4.1 MB] || L2to8_1980_HWcrop2_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [16.1 MB] || 4104x2304_16x9_30p (4104x2304) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 49 }, { "id": 12740, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12740/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-10-16T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Doomed Neutron Stars Create Blast of Light and Gravitational Waves", "description": "This animation captures phenomena observed over the course of nine days following the neutron star merger known as GW170817, detected on Aug. 17, 2017. They include gravitational waves (pale arcs), a near-light-speed jet that produced gamma rays (magenta), expanding debris from a kilonova that produced ultraviolet (violet), optical and infrared (blue-white to red) emission, and, once the jet directed toward us expanded into our view from Earth, X-rays (blue). Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/CI LabMusic: \"Exploding Skies\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.png (1920x1080) [2.5 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.jpg (1920x1080) [167.3 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_print.jpg (1024x576) [50.4 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new.png (3840x2160) [7.7 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new.jpg (3840x2160) [1.0 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_searchweb.png (320x180) [51.4 KB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_1080.m4v (1920x1080) [50.3 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_H264_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [96.9 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_1080p.mov (1920x1080) [101.9 MB] || NS_Merger_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [417 bytes] || NS_Merger_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [399 bytes] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update.webm (3840x2160) [10.0 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.mp4 (3840x2160) [254.9 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.mov (3840x2160) [516.7 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov (3840x2160) [5.1 GB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.hwshow [90 bytes] || ", "hits": 505 }, { "id": 30903, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30903/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-10-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Two Titans", "description": "Two views of Saturn's moon Titan || PIA21624_print.jpg (1024x518) [43.1 KB] || PIA21624_searchweb.png (320x180) [51.4 KB] || PIA21624_thm.png (80x40) [5.2 KB] || PIA21624.tif (2024x1024) [3.9 MB] || two-titans.hwshow [186 bytes] || ", "hits": 79 }, { "id": 30162, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30162/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-09-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Devastation and Recovery of Mt. St. Helens", "description": "In the nearly four decades since the eruption (1980), Mt. St. Helens has given scientists an unprecedented opportunity to witness the steps through which life reclaims a devastated landscape. The scale of the eruption and the beginning of reclamation in the Mt. St. Helens blast zone are documented in this series of images between 1979 and 2017. The older images are false-color (vegetation is red). Not surprisingly, the first noticeable recovery (late 1980s) takes place in the northwestern quadrant of the blast zone, farthest from the volcano. It is another decade (late 1990s) before the terrain east of Spirit Lake is considerably greener. By the end of the series, the only area (beyond the slopes of the mountain itself) that remains conspicuously bare at the scale of these images is the Pumice Plain. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 30890, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30890/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-08-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Landsat 'Sees in the Dark' the Evolution of Antarctica’s Delaware-Sized Iceberg", "description": "Evolution of Larsen C ice shelf leading up to and following the calving || larsencriftevolution20162017v5.png (3427x1650) [5.0 MB] || larsencriftevolution20162017v5_print.jpg (1024x493) [158.0 KB] || larsencriftevolution20162017v5_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.6 KB] || larsencriftevolution20162017v5_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || ", "hits": 84 }, { "id": 30761, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30761/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-07-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Cape Canaveral and Orlando Landsat timeseries", "description": "Kennedy Space Center and Orlando land cover change.Since December 1968, the John F. Kennedy Space Center (KSC) has been NASA's primary launch center of human spaceflight. The center is home to one Launch Complex (LC) with two pads: LC-39A and LC-39B. Built on a swamp, the two pads were originally constructed in the 1960s as clean pads and served as a starting point for Apollo and our journey to the moon.This pair of false-color images shows KSC and the adjacent Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in 1972 and 2016. Acquired with the Landsat series of satellites, the scenes are shown in green, red, and near-infrared light, a combination that helps differentiate components of the landscape. Vegetation is red, while urban areas are brown to gray. West of launch pads 39A and 39B, you can see the facility’s 525-foot-tall Vehicle Assembly Building (for stacking NASA's largest rockets), the 3-mile-long Shuttle Landing Facility, and the iconic Kennedy Space Center Visitor Complex. As of 2017, only Launch Complex 39A is active, launching SpaceX's Falcon 9. Launch Complex 39B will serve as the launch site for the agency's Space Launch System rocket and Orion spacecraft on deep-space missions, including the journey to Mars. South of KSC, launch pads (active and inactive) line the coast of Cape Canaveral Air Force Station (CCAFS). || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 4577, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4577/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-07-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Sea Ice on August 28, 2016", "description": "This is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on August 28, 2016, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. The opacity of the sea ice is determined by the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica data shown here has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.7 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698.tif (1920x1080) [14.5 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_layers.11698.tif (1920x1080) [42.3 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_4k_flat.11698.tif (3840x2160) [55.8 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_4k_layers11698.tif (3840x2160) [167.0 MB] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 40317, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/vcearth-video-wall/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2017-02-02T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "VC Earth Video Wall", "description": "list of videos to display on video wall in Earth science exhibit at Goddard Visitor Center", "hits": 6 }, { "id": 12392, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12392/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-10-17T03:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ultraviolet Mars Reveals Cloud Formation", "description": "Ultraviolet images from NASA's Mars Atmosphere and Volatile Evolution mission, MAVEN, were used to make this movie of rapid cloud formation on Mars. Watch this video on the NASA.gov Video YouTube channel. || MarsCloudsUltravioletPreview.jpg (800x800) [87.2 KB] || MarsCloudsUltravioletPreview_searchweb.png (320x180) [83.3 KB] || MarsCloudsUltravioletPreview_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || IUVS3CloudMovie.mov (800x800) [8.4 MB] || IUVS3CloudMovie_large.mp4 (800x800) [11.1 MB] || IUVS3CloudMovie.webm (960x540) [4.3 MB] || ", "hits": 65 }, { "id": 30797, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30797/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-08-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Landsat 8 Views the Soberanes Fire", "description": "By chance, Landsat 8 acquired imagery of the Soberanes fire burning near the California coast between Monterey and Big Sur a few hours after it started on July 22, 2016. Seven days later, on July 29, the fire had grown so much that the surrounding area is almost entirely covered by smoke. This set of Landsat images shows the region on [left to right] July 22, July 29, and August 8 in true color (using bands 4, 3, and 2) and also in shortwave and near-infrared light (using bands 7, 5, and 4). Active fires, which can be detected based on calculations using the shortwave infrared and near-infrared bands, are shown in red on the true color images. The shortwave and near-infrared images penetrate the smoke to provide a clearer view of the burn scar. In this false-color view, active fires are bright red and orange, scarred land is dark red, and intact vegetation and human development are shades of green. || ", "hits": 56 }, { "id": 12305, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12305/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-07-19T12:15:00-04:00", "title": "Record-Breaking Climate Trends Briefing – July 19, 2016", "description": "Two key climate change indicators have broken numerous records through the first half of 2016, according to NASA analyses of ground-based observations and satellite data.Each of the first six months of 2016 set a record as the warmest respective month globally in the modern temperature record, which dates to 1880. Meanwhile, five of the first six months set records for the smallest monthly Arctic sea ice extent since consistent satellite records began in 1979.NASA will host a media teleconference at 1:00 PM EDT on Tuesday, July 19, to discuss the latest insights into these two key climate indicators, and what this means for our future climate.Participating in the briefing:* Gavin Schmidt, director of Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), New York, New York* Walt Meier, sea ice scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland* Charles Miller, science co-lead for the Arctic Boreal Vulnerability Experiment at NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California* Nathan Kurtz, project scientist for NASA's Operation IceBridge at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, MarylandFor more information:2016 Climate Trends Continue to Break Records || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 30788, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30788/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-07-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ice Loss in Glacier National Park, Montana", "description": "Changes in Grinnell and Blackfoot-Jackson Glaciers, false color images from Landsat || glaciernp_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [233.6 KB] || glaciernp_1080p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [8.1 KB] || glaciernp_1080p.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [124.2 KB] || glaciernp_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [11.7 MB] || glaciernp_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [6.2 MB] || glaciernp_720p.webm (1280x720) [2.8 MB] || glaciernp_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [33.2 MB] || glaciernp_360p.mp4 (640x360) [1.8 MB] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 40302, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/svsyoutube-candidates/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2016-06-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "SVS YouTube Candidates", "description": "These are the proposed visualization candidates to be included in the SVS YouTube Channel.", "hits": 183 }, { "id": 12196, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12196/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-04-05T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Southeast India Flooding, Dec. 2015", "description": "False-color image, acquired on December 8, 2015, by the Operational Land Imager (OLI) on Landsat 8, showing the extent of flooding in southeastern India after a deluge of rain a week earlier. The Somasila Reservoir and other water bodies in the region are significantly expanded compared to the image from October 21, 2015. || india_oli_2015342_after_print.jpg (1024x576) [243.7 KB] || india_oli_2015342_after.png (4096x2304) [18.0 MB] || india_oli_2015342_after_searchweb.png (320x180) [125.5 KB] || india_oli_2015342_after_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || southeast-india-flooding-dec-2015-after.hwshow [268 bytes] || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 30764, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30764/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-04-05T03:00:00-04:00", "title": "Dawn Images of Ceres", "description": "Occator Crater || image1.jpg (1722x1650) [758.0 KB] || ceres-images-of-dawn-occator-crater-russell-1.hwshow [281 bytes] || ", "hits": 106 }, { "id": 12021, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12021/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-10-13T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hubble Maps Jupiter in 4k Ultra HD", "description": "New imagery from the Hubble Space Telescope is revealing details never before seen on Jupiter. Hubble’s new Jupiter maps were used to create this Ultra HD animation.Watch this video on the NASA Explorer YouTube channel. || JupiterThumbnailSmall.png (2160x1215) [1.4 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_appletv_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [39.0 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [39.0 MB] || WEBM_G2015-085_Jupiter4k_MASTER_YouTube.webm (960x540) [28.5 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER.mp4 (1280x720) [98.9 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_nasa_tv.mpeg (1280x720) [249.3 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_prores.mov (1280x720) [917.9 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER.en_US.srt [98 bytes] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER.en_US.vtt [111 bytes] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_.key [41.8 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_.pptx [39.3 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_12021.key [41.7 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_12021.pptx [39.3 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter4k_MASTER_YouTube.mp4 (3840x2160) [495.9 MB] || G2015-085_Jupiter4k_MASTER.mov (3840x2160) [4.5 GB] || G2015-085_Jupiter4k_MASTER_YouTube.hwshow [94 bytes] || G2015-085_Jupiter720_MASTER_appletv.m4v.hwshow [88 bytes] || ", "hits": 1018 }, { "id": 30696, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30696/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-10-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Water on Mars", "description": "A false color image of lineae in Hale crater. || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_print.jpg (1024x576) [246.5 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_searchweb.png (180x320) [124.1 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_thm.png (80x40) [8.3 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5.tif (6481x3646) [14.5 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_30696.key [17.3 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_30696.pptx [14.5 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5.hwshow [236 bytes] || ", "hits": 66 }, { "id": 40277, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hyperwall20-nov2015/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2015-10-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hyperwall 20 Nov 2015", "description": "Content from the November 20, 2015 Hyperwall Content News mailing list", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 11919, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11919/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-10-06T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Changing Shape Of Farming", "description": "Satellite images taken over the last half-century tell the story of America's evolving agricultural landscape. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [1.4 MB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [863.3 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [615.4 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [642.1 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [187.4 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [187.4 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [38.6 KB] || ", "hits": 52 }, { "id": 4328, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4328/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-08-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland's Glaciers as seen by RadarSat", "description": "An animation up the Greenland's Sermilik Fjord to the calving front of the Helheim Glacier, showing the glacier front's change between 2000 to 2013This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Helheim_radarsat_4k.0800_print.jpg (1024x576) [242.6 KB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k.0800_searchweb.png (180x320) [121.8 KB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k.0800_web.png (320x180) [121.8 KB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k.0800_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [84.5 MB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [43.3 MB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [16.2 MB] || Helheim (3840x2160) [256.0 KB] || Helheim_radarsat_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [225.6 MB] || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 11918, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11918/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-07-28T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Orlando Development Blooms", "description": "Development turned Central Florida from swampland to the most visited tourist region of the U.S. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [924.3 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [621.5 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [455.1 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [425.6 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [152.9 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [27.3 KB] || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 30617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30617/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pluto's Atmosphere", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || A photo of Pluto backlit by the sun reveals a layer of haze || pluto_haze_print.jpg (1024x574) [27.2 KB] || pluto_haze.jpg (1920x1080) [196.4 KB] || pluto_haze_searchweb.png (180x320) [12.9 KB] || pluto_haze_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || pluto_haze_30617.key [2.5 MB] || pluto_haze_30617.pptx [115.9 KB] || pluto_haze.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 30618, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30618/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pluto's Surface Composition", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || The Ralph instrument detected frozen methane, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide on Pluto || pluto_ices_print.jpg (1024x574) [83.9 KB] || pluto_ices.png (4096x2304) [3.2 MB] || pluto_ices_searchweb.png (180x320) [37.2 KB] || pluto_ices_thm.png (80x40) [3.1 KB] || pluto_ices_30618.key [6.2 MB] || pluto_ices_30618.pptx [3.6 MB] || pluto_ices.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 81 }, { "id": 40246, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hyperwall-planets/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2015-07-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hyperwall Planets", "description": "Hyperwall-ready visualizations featuring planets, moon, and small bodies\nReturn to Main Hyperwall Gallery.", "hits": 131 }, { "id": 11845, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11845/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-05-19T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Raising Crops In The Desert", "description": "Over the past three decades, Saudi Arabia has been drilling for a resource more precious than oil. || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [584.6 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [435.4 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [405.3 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [158.8 KB] || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 11759, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11759/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-03-26T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Growing Plains", "description": "River sediment is creating new landforms on Louisiana's coastline. || cf-1024.jpg (1024x576) [200.3 KB] || cf-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [195.6 KB] || cf-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [102.0 KB] || cf-1024_print_thm.png (80x40) [20.8 KB] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 11748, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11748/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-02-17T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Vanishing Lake", "description": "The Middle East’s largest lake is drying up—and it’s not because of drought. || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [310.8 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [221.6 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [208.7 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [114.3 KB] || c-1024_print_thm.png (80x40) [19.8 KB] || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 4219, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4219/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-10-07T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "In this animation we see the Antarctic sea ice expansion from March, 21, 2014 through September 19, 2014, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. Over the water, the opacity of the sea ice is determined by a running 3-day maximum of the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 11469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11469/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-03-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Invisible Earth", "description": "In our photo-saturated world, it’s natural to think of satellite images as snapshots from space. But most aren’t. A satellite image is created by combining measurements of the intensity of certain wavelengths of light, both visible and invisible to humans. When we combine measurements of visible light, the resulting image is true color, or similar to what our eyes would see. When we use non-visible light (usually infrared measurements), the resulting image is false color, and things might look different than we’d expect. Watch the video to see how distinct combinations of light are combined to create powerful and informing satellite views of our planet. || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 11388, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11388/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-10-30T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Suzaku Study Points to Early Cosmic 'Seeding'", "description": "Most of the universe's heavy elements, including the iron in our blood, formed early in cosmic history and spread throughout the universe, according to a new study of the Perseus Galaxy Cluster using Japan's Suzaku satellite. Between 2009 and 2011, researchers from the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology (KIPAC), jointly run by Stanford University and the Department of Energy's SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory in California, used Suzaku's unique capabilities to map the distribution of iron throughout the Perseus Galaxy Cluster. What they found is remarkable: Across the cluster, which spans more than 11 million light-years of space, the concentration of X-ray-emitting iron is essentially uniform in all directions.This tells astronomers that iron — and by extension other heavy elements — already was widely dispersed throughout the universe when the cluster began to form. Explaining this helps scientists better understand what the universe was like 10 to 12 billion years ago, a time when rapid-fire supernova explosions were common and black holes were especially active. || ", "hits": 67 }, { "id": 11366, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11366/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Colossal Glow", "description": "Scientists first observed Saturn’s auroras in 1979. Decades later, these shimmering ribbons of light still fascinate. For one thing they’re magnificently tall, rising hundreds of miles above the planet’s poles. And unlike on Earth where bright displays fizzle after only a few hours, auroras on Saturn can shine for days. Auroras are produced when speeding particles accelerated by the sun’s energy collide with gases in a planet’s atmosphere. The gases fluoresce, emitting flashes of light at different wavelengths. Watch the video to see an edge-on view of Saturn’s northern and southern lights courtesy of NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope. || ", "hits": 86 }, { "id": 30355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30355/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hubble Finds Many Bright Clouds on Uranus", "description": "This image, orignally published on hubblesite.org, has been prepared for use on the hyperwall.A 1998 Hubble Space Telescope view reveals Uranus surrounded by its four major rings and by 10 of its 17 known satellites. This false-color image was generated by Erich Karkoschka using data taken on August 8, 1998, with Hubble's Near Infrared Camera and Multi-Object Spectrometer. Hubble recently found about 20 clouds—nearly as many clouds on Uranus as the previous total in the history of modern observations.The Wide Field/Planetary Camera 2 was developed by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory and managed by the Goddard Space Flight Center for NASA's Office of Space Science. || ", "hits": 49 }, { "id": 30356, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30356/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Uranus in True and False Color", "description": "These two pictures of Uranus — one in true color (left) and the other in false color — were compiled from images returned Jan. 17, 1986, by the narrow-angle camera of Voyager 2. The spacecraft was 9.1 million kilometers (5.7 million miles) from the planet, several days from closest approach. The picture at left has been processed to show Uranus as human eyes would see it from the vantage point of the spacecraft. The picture is a composite of images taken through blue, green and orange filters. The darker shadings at the upper right of the disk correspond to the day-night boundary on the planet. Beyond this boundary lies the hidden northern hemisphere of Uranus, which currently remains in total darkness as the planet rotates. The blue-green color results from the absorption of red light by methane gas in Uranus' deep, cold and remarkably clear atmosphere. The picture at right uses false color and extreme contrast enhancement to bring out subtle details in the polar region of Uranus. Images obtained through ultraviolet, violet and orange filters were respectively converted to the same blue, green and red colors used to produce the picture at left. The very slight contrasts visible in true color are greatly exaggerated here. In this false-color picture, Uranus reveals a dark polar hood surrounded by a series of progressively lighter concentric bands. One possible explanation is that a brownish haze or smog, concentrated over the pole, is arranged into bands by zonal motions of the upper atmosphere. The bright orange and yellow strip at the lower edge of the planet's limb is an artifact of the image enhancement. In fact, the limb is dark and uniform in color around the planet. The Voyager project is managed for NASA by the Jet Propulsion Laboratory. || ", "hits": 194 }, { "id": 30212, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30212/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Urbanization of Dubai", "description": "To expand the possibilities for beachfront tourist development, Dubai, undertook a massive engineering project to create hundreds of artificial islands along its Persian Gulf coastline. This image series shows the progress of the Palm Jumeirah Island from 2000 to 2011. In these false-color images, bare ground appears brown, vegetation appears red, water appears dark blue, and buildings and paved surfaces appear light blue or gray. The first image shows the area prior to the island’s construction. The final image, acquired in February 2011, shows vegetation on most of the palm fronds, and numerous buildings on the tree trunk. As the years pass, urbanization spreads, and the final image shows the area almost entirely filled by roads, buildings, and irrigated land. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 30132, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30132/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "SOFIA views Orion in Mid-IR", "description": "This three-panel comparison of Orion's Messier 42 (M42) region is composed of a visible light image from the Hubble Space Telescope, a near-infrared image captured by the European Southern Observatory in Chile, and a mid-infrared mosaic image taken by SOFIA's Faint Object InfraRed Camera for the SOFIA Telescope, or FORCAST. The FORCAST image, a two-filter false-color composite (20 microns – green, 37 microns – red), reveals detailed structures in the clouds of star forming material, as well as heat radiating from a cluster of luminous newborn stars seen in the upper right. || ", "hits": 57 }, { "id": 30182, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30182/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tehran Urbanization", "description": "Tehran, Iran’s capital, ranks high among the world’s fast-growing cities. In the early 1940s, Tehran’s population was about 700,000. By 1966, it had risen to 3 million, and by 1986—during the Iran-Iraq war—migrants brought the population to 6 million. Today, the metropolitan area has more than 10 million residents. This explosive growth has environmental and public health consequences, including air and water pollution and the loss of arable land.The Thematic Mapper sensor on NASA’s Landsat 5 satellite acquired these false-color images of Tehran on August 2, 1985, and July 19, 2009. In both images, vegetation appears bright green, urban areas range in color from gray to black, and barren areas appear brown. Whereas non-urbanized areas fringe the earlier image, urbanization fills almost the entire frame of the later image. Major roadways crisscrossing the city in 1985 remain visible in 2009, but many additional roadways have been added, particularly in the north. || ", "hits": 119 }, { "id": 11352, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11352/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-09-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Waveless Lakes", "description": "Lakes on another world are strange enough. But lakes without waves? Scientists studying Titan, Saturn’s largest moon, have never seen a wave in the hundreds of liquid pools discovered at its poles. Some of these pools are comparable in size to Earth’s biggest lakes. However, unlike our planet, Titan's lakes are not made of water. Data collected by NASA’s Cassini spacecraft show they're filled with a mix of methane, ethane and other complex hydrocarbons. Such molecules freeze at very low temperatures and can still exist as a liquid in Titan’s frigid minus 290°F weather. Cassini has surveyed Titan since it arrived at the Saturn system in 2004. Any wave, even millimeters high, would appear as a bright spot in its radar images. So why isn’t the surf up on these alien lakes? Researchers have put forth a new theory that may explain their calm surface. Watch the video to learn more. || ", "hits": 45 }, { "id": 4097, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4097/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-29T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland's Mega-Canyon beneath the Ice Sheet", "description": "Subglacial topography plays an important role in modulating the distribution and flow of meltwater beneath the ice known as basal water flow. This animation portrays topographic data of the bedrock under the Greenland ice sheet derived from ice-penetrating radar data. Clearly evident in the topography is a 750-km-long subglacial canyon in northern Greenland that is likely to have influenced basal water flow from the ice sheet interior to the margin. The authors suggest that the mega-canyon predates ice sheet inception and has influenced basal hydrology in Greenland over past glacial cycles. (See reference under \"Science Paper\" below)Starting with a view of the surface of Greenland, the animation zooms closer to the surface as the ice sheet is stripped away to reveal the false-color topography of the bedrock that lies beneath. Regions above sea level are shown in shades of green while areas below zero are colored by shades of brown. Yellow indicates the area near sea level. The topography is exaggerated from 12 to 40 times in order to accentuate the topographic relief. Visible in the topography from about the midpoint of Greenland to its Northwest coast is the 750-km-long subglacial canyon described by the authors. || ", "hits": 172 }, { "id": 11330, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11330/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-08-09T00:01:00-04:00", "title": "2013 Wildfires Satellite Images", "description": "2013 satellite images of wildfires and burn scars resulting from wildfires in the United States and Canada.For more information and images like these, click here . || Yarnell Hill Fire near the town of Yarnell, Arizona. Image acquired July 1, 2013 || Arizona_Yarnell_fire.jpg (3000x2200) [1.6 MB] || Arizona_Yarnell_fire_web.png (320x234) [170.9 KB] || Arizona_Yarnell_fire_thm.png (80x40) [21.0 KB] || Arizona_Yarnell_fire.tif (3000x2200) [11.4 MB] || ", "hits": 70 }, { "id": 11278, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11278/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-07-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Lunar Impact", "description": "On March 17, 2013, a meteoroid crashed into the surface of the moon. Such events are common for the moon, which has no atmosphere to protect itself from incoming debris. In fact, there are hundreds of detectable impacts each year. This particular meteoroid, however, packed an unusual punch, kicking off a powerful explosion as it slammed into the lunar surface. The impact, visible from our planet with the naked eye, created a flash that shined about as bright as the stars of the Little Dipper. Now, NASA’s Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter—a robotic craft that regularly circles the moon—has been tasked to keep an eye out for the crater left behind in the crash. Observing the crater will help scientists validate and improve models of other lunar impacts. Watch the video to see where astronomers think this meteoroid, and others like it, might have come from. || ", "hits": 2499 }, { "id": 30055, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30055/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-06-27T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Columbia Glacier, Alaska", "description": "The Columbia Glacier in Alaska is one of the most rapidly changing glaciers in the world. These false-color images show how the glacier and the surrounding landscape has changed since 1986. Snow and ice appears bright cyan, vegetation is green, clouds are white or light orange, and the open ocean is dark blue. Exposed bedrock is brown, while rocky debris on the glacier’s surface is gray. By 2011, the terminus had retreated more than 20 kilometers (12 miles) to the north. Since the 1980s, the glacier has lost about half of its total thickness and volume. The retreat of the Columbia contributes to global sea-level rise, mostly through iceberg calving. This one glacier accounts for nearly half of the ice loss in the Chugach Mountains. However, the ice losses are not exclusively tied to increasing air and water temperatures. Climate change may have given the Columbia an initial nudge, but it has more to do with mechanical processes. In fact, when the Columbia reaches the shoreline, its retreat will likely slow down. The more stable surface will cause the rate of calving to decline, making it possible for the glacier to start rebuilding a moraine and advancing once again. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 11275, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11275/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-06-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "One City, 660 Views", "description": "For 41 years, USGS-NASA Landsat satellites have collected images of our planet...millions of them. Such images help everyone from scientists to city planners examine how the landscape changes with time. In one patch of desert, where the Rio Grande makes a border between the United States and Mexico, the Landsat fleet has captured hundreds of photo-like natural-color images. They show fields turning green and brown with the season; new urban and suburban developments expanding around El Paso, Texas, and Ciudad Juárez, Mexico; changing angles of sunlight; and clouds moving over the neighboring mountains. They also reveal subtle changes in the sensors as technology improves with each generation of satellite. Watch the video to see a multi-decadal, time-lapse view of this desert city. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 30268, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30268/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-06-26T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Crop Circles in the Desert", "description": "Over the past three decades, Saudi Arabia has been drilling for a resource more precious than oil. Engineers and farmers have tapped ancient reserves of water, dating back to the last Ice Age, to grow crops in the desert. This series of false-color satellite images show the evolution of agricultural operations in the Wadi As-Sirhan Basin. New vegetation appears bright green while dry vegetation or fallow fields appear rust colored. Dry, barren surfaces (mostly desert) are pink and yellow. Saudi Arabians have reached this underground water source by drilling wells through sedimentary rock, as much as a kilometer beneath the desert sands. Rainfall averages just 100 to 200 millimeters per year and usually does not recharge the underground aquifers, making the groundwater a non-renewable source. Although no one knows how much water lies beneath the desert—estimates range from 252 to 870 cubic kilometers—hydrologists believe it will only be economical to pump it for about 50 years. || ", "hits": 78 }, { "id": 30053, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30053/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-06-25T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Dead Sea Salt Farming", "description": "The Dead Sea is so named because its high salinity discourages the growth of fish, plants, and other wildlife. It is the lowest surface feature on Earth, sitting roughly 1,300 feet below sea level. On a hot, dry summer day, the water level can drop as much as one inch because of evaporation. These three false-color images were captured in 1972, 1989, and 2011 by Landsat satellites. Deep waters are blue or dark blue, while brighter blues indicate shallow waters or salt ponds. Green indicates sparsely vegetated lands. Denser vegetation appears bright red. The ancient Egyptians used salts from the Dead Sea for mummification, fertilizers, and potash (a potassium-based salt). In the modern age, sodium chloride and potassium salts culled from the sea are used for water conditioning, road de-icing, and the manufacturing of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) plastics. The expansions of massive salt evaporation projects are clearly visible over the span of 39 years. || ", "hits": 128 }, { "id": 4075, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4075/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-06-12T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Lunar Transit from Solar Dynamics Observatory (2010)", "description": "Just as we do on Earth, the Solar Dynamics Observatory satellite periodically crosses the Moon's shadow and experiences a solar eclipse. During the eclipse witnessed by SDO on October 7, 2010, the southern hemisphere of the Moon was silhouetted against the solar disk, revealing some especially prominent mountain peaks near the Moon's south pole. By using elevation data from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter to visualize the Moon from SDO's point of view, it's possible to identify these peaks. Although all of these are well-known features, all but one of them have no official names. The following list corresponds to the labels in the animation, from left to right.In his 1954 sketch of the lunar south pole, astronomer Ewen Whitaker labeled this feature \"M3.\" It's a mountain about halfway between the craters Cabeus and Drygalski, at 83.2°S 68°W.Whitaker's \"M1,\" a mountain on the northern rim of Cabeus, 83.4°S 33°W.A mountain on the southern rim of Malapert crater, about halfway between the centers of Malapert and Haworth. Whitaker labels this Malapert Alpha. It's also known as Mons Malapert or Malapert Peak. 85.8°S 0°E.Labeled Leibnitz Beta by Whitaker and now officially named Mons Mouton, this is part of the highlands adjacent to the northern rim of Nobile crater. 84°S 37°E. Part of the Leibnitz mountain range first identified by Johann Schröter in the late 1700s, unrelated to Leibnitz Crater on the lunar far side.A mountain near Amundsen crater, on the western (Earthward) rim of Hédervári crater, 82.2°S 75°E. Whitaker tentatively labels this Leibnitz Epsilon in his sketch.The Moon visualization uses the latest albedo and elevation maps from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO). || ", "hits": 93 }, { "id": 11260, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11260/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-05-29T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA's Swift Catches an Anti-glitch from a Neutron Star", "description": "Using observations by NASA's Swift satellite, an international team of astronomers has identified an abrupt slowdown in the rotation of a neutron star. The discovery holds important clues for understanding some of the densest matter in the universe.While astronomers have witnessed hundreds of events, called glitches, associated with sudden increases in the spin of neutron stars, the sudden spin-down caught them off guard. A neutron star is the crushed core of a massive star that ran out of fuel, collapsed under its own weight, and exploded as a supernova. It's the closest thing to a black hole that astronomers can observe directly, compressing half a million times Earth's mass into a ball roughly the size of Manhattan Island. Matter within a neutron star is so dense that a teaspoonful would weigh about a billion tons on Earth. Neutron stars possess two other important traits. They spin rapidly, ranging from a few rpm to as many as 43,000, comparable to the blades of a kitchen blender, and they boast magnetic fields a trillion times stronger than Earth's. About two dozen neutron stars occasionally produce high-energy explosions that astronomers say require magnetic fields thousands of times stronger than expected. These exceptional objects, called magnetars, are routinely monitored by a McGill team led by Kaspi using Swift's X-Ray Telescope.Read the rest of the story here. || ", "hits": 184 }, { "id": 11290, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11290/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-05-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pivot Irrigation in Saudi Arabia", "description": "Saudi Arabia is drilling for a resource possibly more precious than oil.Over the last 24 years, it has tapped hidden reserves of water to grow wheat and other crops in the Syrian Desert. This time series of data shows images acquired by three different Landsat satellites operated by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey.The green fields that dot the desert draw on water that in part was trapped during the last Ice Age. In addition to rainwater that fell over several hundred thousand years, this fossil water filled aquifers that are now buried deep under the desert's shifting sands.Saudi Arabia reaches these underground rivers and lakes by drilling through the desert floor, directly irrigating the fields with a circular sprinkler system. This technique is called center-pivot irrigation.Because rainfall in this area is now only a few centimeters (about one inch) each year, water here is a non-renewable resource. Although no one knows how much water is beneath the desert, hydrologists estimate it will only be economical to pump water for about 50 years.In this series of four Landsat images, the agricultural fields are about one kilometer (.62 miles) across. The images were created using reflected light from the short wave-infrared, near-infrared, and green portions of the electromagnetic spectrum (bands 7, 4, and 2 from Landsat 4 and 5 TM and Landsat 7 ETM+ sensors). Using this combination of wavelengths, healthy vegetation appears bright green while dry vegetation appears orange. Barren soil is a dark pink, and urban areas, like the town of Tubarjal at the top of each image, have a purple hue.Landsat 4 launched in 1982 and provided scientific data for 11 years until 1993. NASA launched Landsat 5 in 1984 and it ran a record-breaking 28 years, sending back what was likely its last data in 2011. Landsat 7 is still up and running; it was launched in 1999. The data from these and other Landsat satellites has been instrumental in increasing our understanding of forest health, storm damage, agricultural trends, urban growth, and many other ongoing changes to our land.NASA and the U.S. Department of the Interior through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jointly manage Landsat, and the USGS preserves a 40-year archive of Landsat images that is freely available data over the Internet. Download a still image showing four of the years: 1987, 1991, 2000, and 2012. || ", "hits": 244 }, { "id": 11264, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11264/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-05-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Tempest", "description": "There’s a storm brewing on Saturn. Though it looks like a hurricane, the force and size of the spinning vortex at the planet’s north pole far outstrip that of any on Earth. The storm's eye measures more than 1,000 miles in diameter, making it twenty times larger in size than the typical eye of a terrestrial storm. And the winds around its center travel at 330 mph, or twice the speed of a Category 4 hurricane. In November 2012 NASA’s Cassini spacecraft captured high-resolution images of the storm. The detailed views reveal the counter-clockwise nature of its spiral, and provide scientists with the first close-up look at Saturn’s north pole since the spacecraft arrived at the planet in 2004. Watch the video to see the storm in motion. || ", "hits": 68 }, { "id": 11250, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11250/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-04-16T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Trio of Swift Bursts Form A New Class of GRBs", "description": "Three unusually long-lasting stellar explosions discovered by NASA's Swift satellite represent a previously unrecognized class of gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Two international teams of astronomers studying these events conclude that they likely arose from the catastrophic death of supergiant stars hundreds of times larger than the sun. GRBs are the most luminous and mysterious explosions in the universe. The blasts emit surges of gamma rays — the most powerful form of light — as well as X-rays, and they produce afterglows that can be observed at optical and radio energies. Swift, Fermi and other spacecraft detect an average of about one GRB each day.Traditionally, astronomers have recognized two GRB types, short and long, based on the duration of the gamma-ray signal. Short bursts last two seconds or less and are thought to represent a merger of compact objects in a binary system, with the most likely suspects being neutron stars and black holes. Long GRBs may last anywhere from several seconds to several minutes, with typical durations falling between 20 and 50 seconds. These events are thought to be associated with the collapse of a star several times the sun's mass and the resulting birth of a new black hole. Both scenarios give rise to powerful jets that propel matter at nearly the speed of light in opposite directions. As they interact with matter in and around the star, the jets produce a spike of high-energy light. A detailed study of GRB 111209A, which erupted on Dec. 9, 2011, and continued to produce high-energy emission for an astonishing seven hours, making it by far the longest-duration GRB ever recorded.Another event, GRB 101225A, exploded on Christmas Day in 2010 and produced high-energy emission for at least two hours. Subsequently nicknamed the \"Christmas burst,\" the event's distance was unknown, which led two teams to arrive at radically different physical interpretations. One group concluded the blast was caused by an asteroid or comet falling onto a neutron star within our own galaxy. Another team determined that the burst was the outcome of a merger event in an exotic binary system located some 3.5 billion light-years away.Using the Gemini North Telescope in Hawaii, a team led by Andrew Levan at the University of Warwick in Coventry, England, obtained a spectrum of the faint galaxy that hosted the Christmas burst. This enabled the scientists to identify emission lines of oxygen and hydrogen and determine how much these lines were displaced to lower energies compared to their appearance in a laboratory. This difference, known to astronomers as a redshift, places the burst some 7 billion light-years away. Levan and his colleagues also examined 111209A and the more recent burst 121027A, which exploded on Oct. 27, 2012. All show similar X-ray, ultraviolet and optical emission and all arose from the central regions of compact galaxies that were actively forming stars. The astronomers conclude that all three GRBs constitute a hitherto unrecognized group of \"ultra-long\" bursts.To account for the normal class of long GRBs, astronomers envision a star similar to the size sun's size but with many times its mass. The mass must be high enough for the star to undergo an energy crisis, with its core ultimately running out of fuel and collapsing under its own weight to form a black hole. Some of the matter falling onto the nascent black hole becomes redirected into powerful jets that drill through the star, creating the gamma-ray spike, but because this burst is short-lived, the star must be comparatively small. Because ultra-long GRBs persist for periods up to 100 times greater than long GRBs, they require a stellar source of correspondingly greater physical size. Both groups suggest that the likely candidate is a supergiant, a star with about 20 times the sun's mass that still retains its deep hydrogen atmosphere, making it hundreds of times the sun's diameter.Watch this video on YouTube. || ", "hits": 153 }, { "id": 11196, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11196/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-03-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comet ISON Is Coming", "description": "Comet ISON could put on quite a show later this year. Come November this frozen body traveling from the outer reaches of the solar system will pass within 1.1 million miles of the sun's fiery surface. What happens next will either be a magnificent spectacle or a grand disappointment. If the comet survives its trip around the sun, dust and volatile gases liberated from its icy interior will intensify the glow of its bright halo and long tail—offering stargazers a visual feast. Alternatively, the sun's immense gravity could disintegrate the comet just as it would become most visible from Earth. Scientists think this is the comet's first journey through the inner solar system, so there's a good chance it could be loaded with material ready to be lit up by the sun's energy. Expectations are high that the comet could even be seen in daylight, possibly shining as bright as the moon. Watch the video to learn more. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 11175, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11175/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-01-29T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Scorched Earth", "description": "Australia's blisteringly dry climate makes it prone to fire every summer. But an extreme, record-breaking heat wave that began in late 2012 has sparked hundreds of wildfires this season. As firefighting crews battled fires across Australia, NASA satellites captured a wide-angle view of the activity. Imaging instruments snapped shots of smoke plumes drifting off to sea, and thermal sensors detected the location of individual fires and the severity of burn scars. A longer-term look at fire activity in Australia reveals a pattern of controlled fires in fall and winter—often set by fire managers to reduce \"fuel\"—and bursts of less predictable, more intense wildfires during spring and summer. The visualization shows 10 years of fires and vegetation changes across Australia, observed by the MODIS instruments on NASA's Terra and Aqua satellites. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 4025, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4025/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-01-20T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Florida Everglades Onion Skin Stills", "description": "Landsat satellites view the Earth through a number of different bands. Each band captures imagery in different spectral wavelengths. Scientists can then combine these bands a number of ways to obtain information about the satellite imagery. These still images show several different band combinations alongside the resulting imagery over the Florida Everglades.These still images were produced for use on NASA travelling exhibits. || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 4023, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4023/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-12-17T09:00:00-05:00", "title": "GRAIL Impacts the Moon", "description": "The Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) mission comprises a pair of satellites launched in September, 2011 and placed in orbit around the Moon in January, 2012. The two satellites, named Ebb and Flow, used radio signals to precisely measure their separation as they flew in formation, one following the other in the same nearly circular polar orbit. These measurements allowed mission scientists to build up an accurate and detailed gravity map of the Moon.GRAIL ends its successful mission by impacting the Moon on December 17, 2012 at approximately 5:27 p.m. EST (22:27 UT). The two spacecraft were placed in an orbit that takes them within a kilometer of the surface, so low that they will hit the side of an unnamed mountain that lies between Mouchez and Philolaus craters, near the north pole at 75°45'N, 26°11'W. Ebb strikes first, followed 24 seconds later by Flow.This animation shows the last three orbits of the two spacecraft, with views of the impact site. The impact occurs on the night side of a waxing crescent Moon, so the view shifts from a natural color Moon to a false-color elevation map. || ", "hits": 206 }, { "id": 11144, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11144/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-12-11T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Secret Life Of Forests", "description": "Forests in the United States are constantly changing. For four decades NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey's Landsat satellites have kept a steady watch from space, and now scientists are turning yearly data sets into powerful time series that show the evolution of the landscape. In this visualization of false color images taken of the Pacific Northwest from 1984 to 2011, scientists see many different stories. Some are obvious, like the patchwork of logged land that flickers from mature trees (blue) to clear-cut (red) to regrown shrubs (yellow). Some are subtle, like the bark beetle or western spruce budworm infestations (dark red) that pulse across mountainsides. Watch as these and other changes come to life in the video. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 4012, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4012/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-12-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Life Histories from Landsat: 25 Years in the Pacific Northwest Forest — North/South Tour", "description": "This visualization shows a sequence of Landsat-based data in the Pacific Northwest. There is one data set for each year representing an aggregate of the approximate peak of the growing season (around August). The data was created using a sophisticated algorithm called LandTrendr. LandTrendr analyzes 'stacks' of Landsat scenes, looking for statistical trends in the data and filtering out noise. The algorithm evaluated data from more than 1,800 Landsat Thematic Mapper images, nearly 1 Terabyte of raw imagery, to define the life histories of each of more than 336 million pixels on the landscape. The resulting trends identify periods of stability and change that are displayed as colors.In these false color images, the colors represent types of land; for example, blue areas are forests; orange/yellow areas are agriculture; and, purple areas are urban. Each 'stack' is representative of a Landsat scene. There are 22 stacks stitched together to cover most of the U.S. Pacific Northwest. This processed data is used for science, natural resource management, and education.We move in to the southwest corner of the data set near Redwood National Park and proceed on a slow tour through a portion of the data set. Time loops from 1984 through 2011 as we move. We move over to Mount Shasta, then up the Cascade Range, passing Crater Lake National Park, the Three Sisters, Mount Jefferson, Mount Hood, Mount Saint Helens, Mount Adams, Mount Rainier, Mount Baker, and the North Cascades National Park. Next we move west over Seattle and pass over Olympic National Park, then we head back south down the Willamette Valley back to Redwood National Park.Don't miss this related narrated visualization || ", "hits": 82 }, { "id": 4013, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4013/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-12-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Life Histories from Landsat: 25 Years in the Pacific Northwest Forest", "description": "This visualization shows a sequence of Landsat-based data in the Pacific Northwest. There is one data set for each year representing an aggregate of the approximate peak of the growing season (around August). The data was created using a sophisticated algorithm called LandTrendr. LandTrendr analyzes 'stacks' of Landsat scenes, looking for statistical trends in the data and filtering out noise. The algorithm evaluated data from more than 1,800 Landsat Thematic Mapper images, nearly 1 Terabyte of raw imagery, to define the life histories of each of more than 336 million pixels on the landscape. The resulting trends identify periods of stability and change that are displayed as colors.In these false color images, the colors represent types of land; for example, blue areas are forests; orange/yellow areas are agriculture; and, purple areas are urban. Each 'stack' is representative of a Landsat scene. There are 22 stacks stitched together to cover most of the U.S. Pacific Northwest. This processed data is used for science, natural resource management, and education.The visualization zooms into the Portland area showing different types of land such as agricultural, urban, and forests. We move south to a region that was evergreen forest for a number of years (blue), then was clear cut in 1999 (orange), then began to regrow (yellow). A graph shows the trajectories for a particular location in the clearcut as the years repeat. The dots represent the original data from Landsat; and, the line represents LandTrendr analysis. We move over to the Three Sisters region to show an area of pine forest that becomes infested with bark beetles in 2004. Next, we move to the southern foothills of Mount Hood where a budworm infestation is in progress; around 1991, the worms move on to another area and shrubs start to regrow. Next wemove to the east side of Mount Rainier National Park to see another budworm outbreak followed by shrub regrowth. Finally, we move to the west of Mount Rainier where we can see widespread clear cutting outside of the park, but no clear cutting inside the protected park land.Don't miss this related tour of the region. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 11115, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11115/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-11-19T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Astronomers Directly Image a Massive Star's 'Super-Jupiter'", "description": "Astronomers using infrared data from the Subaru Telescope in Hawaii have discovered a \"super-Jupiter\" around the bright star Kappa Andromedae, which now holds the record for the most massive star known to host a directly imaged planet or lightweight brown dwarf companion. Designated Kappa Andromedae b (Kappa And b, for short), the new object has a mass about 12.8 times greater than Jupiter's. This places it teetering on the dividing line that separates the most massive planets from the lowest-mass brown dwarfs. That ambiguity is one of the object's charms, say researchers, who call it a super-Jupiter to embrace both possibilities. Direct imaging of exoplanets is rare because the dim objects are usually lost in the star's brilliant glare. Massive planets slowly radiate the heat leftover from their own formation. For example, the planet Jupiter emits about twice the energy it receives from the sun. But if the object is massive enough, it's able to produce energy internally by fusing a heavy form of hydrogen called deuterium. (Stars like the sun, on the other hand, produce energy through a similar process that fuses the lighter and much more common form of hydrogen.) The theoretical mass where deuterium fusion can occur — about 13 Jupiters — marks the lowest possible mass for a brown dwarf. Young star systems are attractive targets for direct exoplanet imaging because young planets have not been around long enough to lose much of the heat from their formation, which enhances their brightness in the infrared. The team focused on the star Kappa And because of its relative youth — estimated at the tender age of 30 million years, or just 0.7 percent the age of our solar system, based on its likely membership in a stellar group known as the Columba Association. The star is located 170 light-years away in the direction of the constellation Andromeda and is visible to the unaided eye. Kappa And b orbits its star at a projected distance of 55 times Earth's average distance from the sun and about 1.8 times as far as Neptune; the actual distance depends on how the system is oriented to our line of sight, which is not precisely known. The object has a temperature of about 2,600 degrees Fahrenheit (1,400 Celsius) and would appear bright red if seen up close by the human eye. Carson's team detected the object in independent observations at four different infrared wavelengths in January and July of this year. Comparing the two images taken half a year apart showed that Kappa And b exhibits the same motion across the sky as its host star, which proves that the two objects are gravitationally bound and traveling together through space. Comparing the brightness of the super-Jupiter between different wavelengths revealed infrared colors similar to those observed in the handful of other gas giant planets successfully imaged around stars. The research is part of the Strategic Explorations of Exoplanets and Disks with Subaru (SEEDS), a five-year effort to directly image extrasolar planets and protoplanetary disks around several hundred nearby stars using the Subaru Telescope on Mauna Kea, Hawaii. The SEEDS research team is continuing to study Kappa And b to better understand the chemistry of its atmosphere, constrain its orbit, and search for possible secondary planets. || ", "hits": 250 }, { "id": 11027, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11027/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-08-09T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "RBSP L-14 Press Conference", "description": "The Radiation Belt Storm Probes mission is part of NASA's Living With a Star Geospace program to explore fundamental processes that operate throughout the solar system, in particular those that generate hazardous space weather effects near the Earth and phenomena that could affect solar system exploration.RBSP is designed to help us understand the sun's influence on the Earth and near-Earth space by studying the planet's radiation belts on various scales of space and time.Understanding the radiation belt environment and its variability has extremely important practical applications in the areas of spacecraft operations, spacecraft and spacecraft system design, mission planning, and astronaut safety.RBSP is scheduled to launch no earlier than 4:08 a.m. Thursday, Aug. 23 from Cape Canaveral Air Force Station in Florida. The twin probes will lift off on a United Launch Alliance Atlas V rocket.News conference panelists are:— Madhulika Guhathakurta, Living With a Star program scientist, NASA Headquarters, Washington— Mona Kessel, RBSP program scientist, NASA Headquarters— Barry Mauk, RBSP project scientist, Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory (APL), Laurel, Md.— Rick Fitzgerald, RBSP project manager, APL, Laurel, Md. || ", "hits": 56 }, { "id": 11063, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11063/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-08-09T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Trading Spaces", "description": "In the last forty years, Phoenix has grown to become one of the most populated places in the United States. The city and its surrounding area currently hold spots on the U.S. Census Bureau's top ten lists of cities and counties, ranking sixth and fourth, respectively. As Phoenix evolved from an agricultural to industrial economy, farmland was pushed to the outskirts in order to make way for suburban developments that stretched southeast and northwest of the city. Between 1974 and 2007, nearly 250,000 acres of agricultural fields were lost. During the same period a fourfold increase in residents brought the region's population to just below the 4 million mark. Witness the transformation of Phoenix in the time-lapse video of false color images captured by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites between 1972 and 2011. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 11029, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11029/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Yellowstone Burn Recovery", "description": "A combination of lightning, drought and human activity caused fires to scorch more than one-third of Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988. Within a year, burn scars cast a sharp outline on the 793,880 acres affected by fire, distinguishing wide sections of recovering forest, meadows, grasslands and wetlands from unburned areas of the park. After more than two decades, satellite instruments can still detect these scars from space.In the time-lapse video below, a series of false-color images collected by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites from 1987 to 2018 show the burning and gradual regeneration of Yellowstone's forests following the 1988 fire season. Watch as burn scars (dark red) quickly replace large expanses of healthy green vegetation (dark green) by 1989. Notice how the scars slowly fade over time as new vegetation begins to grow and heal the landscape.Landsat Project Scientist Jeff Masek has been studying the recovery of the forest after the 1988 Yellowstone fires. In the video below, he talks about how Landsat satellites detect the burn scars from space and distinguish them from healthy, un-burned forest and from new growth. || ", "hits": 136 }, { "id": 4716, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4716/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-06-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Visualizing Shackleton Crater", "description": "A visualization of Shackleton crater. The near (Earth-facing) side of the Moon is to the right. In the false-color elevation on the left, red is higher and blue is lower. || shackleton_split_final_print.jpg (1024x1024) [280.9 KB] || shackleton_split_final_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.2 KB] || shackleton_split_final_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || shackleton_split_final.tif (3600x3600) [12.8 MB] || ", "hits": 1014 }, { "id": 10982, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10982/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-06-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Rapid Retreat", "description": "Columbia Glacier descends from an ice field 10,000 feet above sea level, through the flanks of Alaska's Chugach Mountains and into a narrow inlet. Since 1980, the glacier has lost about half of its thickness and volume, while the front where the glacier's ice meets open water—called the terminus—has retreated more than 12 miles. Climate change may have helped nudge the terminus off an underwater anchor of rock and debris that stabilized the ice for many years. Once it lost that footing, the lack of friction between ice and bedrock has driven a rapid loss of ice from the glacier to Columbia Bay. A time-lapse video of false-color images captured by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites shows how the glacier and the surrounding landscape changed between 1986 and 2011. Watch ice give way to ocean and bedrock become exposed as Columbia Glacier retreats. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 10979, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10979/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-05-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Smallest Planet?", "description": "Even though Vesta is only the size of Arizona, the asteroid may be a planet. New measurements taken by NASA's Dawn spacecraft, which arrived at Vesta in July 2011 and has orbited as close as 130 miles from the surface, show that beneath complex layers of rock lies a solid metal core. This distinct characteristic makes a strong case for Vesta's reclassification, as the separation of geologic material into crust, mantle and core layers is universal among the terrestrial planets in our solar system. Scientists argue Vesta could have grown to be a full-size planet, but the gravity of its massive neighbor Jupiter disrupted the process. The video below explores Vesta's landscape, history and prospects of being named a planet. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 10973, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10973/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-05-15T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Crop Circles", "description": "In the fields of the dry Texas panhandle, near the town of Dalhart, the traditional patchwork of working farms has been replaced by polka dots. This geometric transformation was sparked by a farming method called center-pivot irrigation, which pumps water through an extended sprinkler system that rotates like the hand of a clock, necessitating circular fields. Farmers around Dalhart have gradually adopted center-pivot irrigation since its introduction in 1949; it is ideal for the region's rolling, sandy terrain and delivers water with minimal loss to evaporation. The false-color, time-lapse images below show the square-to-circle revolution, as captured by four USGS-NASA Landsat satellites from 1972 to 2011. Red areas show healthy crops, while plots ranging in color from white to green represent bare soils and sparsely vegetated grasslands. || ", "hits": 686 }, { "id": 10948, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10948/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-04-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Shrinking, Growing Moon", "description": "Ever since getting whacked by asteroids and cooked by heat radiating from unstable elements during its violent formation, the moon has cooled. Many things shrink as they cool and the moon is no exception. But tiny valleys discovered in new images from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) indicate that the forces causing the moon to shrink were accompanied in some places by other forces acting to pull it apart. This tectonic tug-of-war taking place on the supposedly inert lunar surface surprised scientists. Not only that, it suggests the moon never completely melted in its early stages of evolution—unlike Earth and the other rocky planets—and instead was covered by an expansive ocean of molten rock. Watch the videos below to see evidence of these lunar valleys, called graben, and to learn more about the moon's fascinating geologic past. || ", "hits": 189 }, { "id": 10934, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10934/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-03-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Devastation And Recovery", "description": "After two months of geologic volatility, an earthquake on May 18, 1980, triggered the northern flank of Mount St. Helens to collapse, sending an enormous avalanche of debris crashing toward the North Fork Toutle River in southwest Washington. Like a bottle of champagne shattering as it's uncorked, hot rocks, ash, gas and steam exploded from the volcano, obliterating the forested landscape to the north. The velocity of the blast exceeded speeds of 670 miles per hour, shearing trees at their trunks up to 19 miles away. The video below, based on images captured by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites between 1979 and 2011, documents the scale of the devastation and the surrounding vegetation's slow road to recovery. Some finer details aren't visible from space, so scientists have closely monitored the aftermath from the ground, as seen in photos taken from the USGS archive included in the media gallery. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 10721, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10721/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-03-05T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "Las Vegas, 1972-2021", "description": "Timelapse animation of Lake Mead and the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, from 1972-2021, as captured by Landsat sensors. The images are false-color, showing healthy vegetation in red. || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_print.jpg (1024x576) [226.8 KB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_searchweb.png (320x180) [119.1 KB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-tw.mp4 (1920x1080) [64.7 MB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-tw.webm (1920x1080) [8.0 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-yt.mp4 (1920x1080) [129.5 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021.mov (1920x1080) [2.3 GB] || ", "hits": 271 }, { "id": 40098, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/landsat/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2012-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Landsat", "description": "Since 1972, Landsat satellites have consistently gathered data about our planet for the benefit of the U.S. and the world. The Landsat data archive is the longest continuous remotely sensed global record of Earth’s surface, with all the data free and available to the public. The Landsat satellite missions, jointly managed by NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey, are a central pillar of our national remote sensing capability and established the U.S. as a leader in land imaging.\n\nLandsat 9 is the next satellite in the program, and will add more than 700 scenes a day to this invaluable archive. As Earth’s population approaches 8 billion, Landsat 9 will extend our ability to detect and characterize land surface changes, and will do so at a scale where researchers can differentiate between natural and human-induced change. \r\n \r\nLand cover and land use are changing globally at rates unprecedented in human history. These changes bring profound consequences for weather, ecosystems, resource management, the economy, carbon storage and emissions, human health, and other aspects of society. Landsat datasets are a critical tool in monitoring and managing essential resources in a changing world.\r\n\nBelow are highlights of Landsat videos and graphics. Follow this link to see the entire collection of Landsat multimedia.\n", "hits": 379 }, { "id": 10862, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10862/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-02-16T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Shrinking Aral Sea", "description": "In the 1960s, the Soviet Union undertook major water diversion projects on the Syr Darya and Amu Darya rivers, capturing water that once fed into the Aral Sea. Irrigation projects made the desert bloom, but they spelled doom for the natural freshwater lake. As the Aral Sea dried up, fisheries collapsed, as did the communities that depended on them. The remaining water supply became increasingly salty and polluted with runoff from agricultural plots. Dust blowing from the exposed lakebed eventually degraded the soils, forcing further water diversion efforts to revive them. On a larger scale, loss of the Aral Sea's water influenced regional climate, making the winters even colder and the summers much hotter. Fifty years later, the lake is virtually gone. View the dramatic changes that took place over decades in this collection of satellite images. || ", "hits": 330 }, { "id": 10894, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10894/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-01-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Dubai's Rapid Growth", "description": "To expand the possibilities for beachfront development, Dubai undertook a massive engineering project to create hundreds of artificial islands along its Persian Gulf coastline. Built from sand dredged from the sea floor, and protected from erosion by rock breakwaters, the islands are shaped in recognizable forms such as palm trees. As the islands grew, so did the city. In 2000, the area was nearly entirely undeveloped. By 2011, whole city blocks had sprung up. Offshore, the first palm-shaped island, Palm Jumeirah, reached completion. The collection of false-color satellite images below shows the growth of Dubai—one of the United Arab Emirates—between 2000 and 2011. Taken by the Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer on NASA's Terra satellite, each image is produced from visible and infrared light where bare desert is tan, plant-covered land is red, water is black and urban areas are silver. || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30346, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30346/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2011-11-20T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Two Storm Views on Saturn", "description": "Two false-color views of Saturn show detailed patterns that change during one Saturn day within a huge storm in the planet's Northern Hemisphere. The dramatic colors arise from a false-color combination of images taken by the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera: images filtered at 889 nanometers are projected as blue, images filtered at 727 nanometers are projected as green, and images filtered at 750 nanometers are projected as red.Cassini scientists study the fine details contained in these mosaics to learn about wind speeds and cloud depths in the storm. For example, a red curlicue that indicates a deep cloud is present in the top mosaic, but it does not appear in bottom mosaic taken 11 hours later. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 10864, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10864/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2011-11-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Yellowstone's Burn Scars", "description": "A combination of lightning, drought and human activity caused fires to scorch more than one-third of Yellowstone National Park in the summer of 1988. Within a year, burn scars cast a sharp outline on the 793,880 acres affected by fire, distinguishing wide sections of recovering forest, meadows, grasslands and wetlands from unburned areas of the park. After more than two decades, satellite instruments can still detect these scars from space. In the time-lapse video below, a collection of false-color images collected by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites from 1987 to 2011 show the burning and gradual regeneration of Yellowstone following the 1988 fire season. Watch as burn scars (dark red) quickly replace large expanses of healthy green vegetation (dark green) by 1989. Notice how the scars slowly fade over time as new vegetation begins to grow and heal the landscape. || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 3862, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3862/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Antarctica is a land mass surrounded by an ocean which allows the sea ice here to move more freely than it does in the Northern Hemisphere. Because there are no surrounding continents to limit its movement, the sea ice is free to float northward into warmer waters where it eventually melts. As a result, almost all of the sea ice that forms during the Antarctic winter melts during the summer. During the winter, up to 18 million square kilometers (6.9 million square miles) of ocean is covered by sea ice, but by the end of summer, only about 3 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) of sea ice remain. Antarctic sea ice extent are characterized by fairly large variations from year to year. The monthly average extent can vary by as much as 1 million square kilometers (386,102 square miles) from the year-to-year monthly average. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color in this animation of sea ice surrounding the South Pole is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. The sea ice extent shown is generated using a three day moving average where the daily sea ice concentration is at least 15%. This animation portrays the changes in the sea ice from May 26, 2009 through July 29, 2010. || ", "hits": 255 }, { "id": 10715, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10715/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2011-08-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tapped Dry In Vegas", "description": "The constant influx of residents to Las Vegas since the 1970s has made it one of the fastest-growing metropolitan areas in the world. Currently more than 2 million people live in the 600-square-mile desert region, centered around the world-famous Las Vegas Strip and its luxury resorts and casinos. No doubt, the steady commercial and residential development over the last 40 years has been a boon to the valley's economy, but dense urbanization has exacted a high price on its most vital natural resource: water. Abundant parks, golf courses and manicured landscapes in Las Vegas' arid climate require more water to maintain than they naturally receive. This has placed an unsustainable demand on the region's primary water supply—Lake Mead—where water levels have fallen in the past decade due to persistent drought experienced across the Southwest. Scientists predict drought frequency and intensity for the region will only increase as global temperatures rise. In the collection of false-color, time-lapse images below captured by USGS-NASA Landsat satellites, witness Las Vegas' explosive growth from 1972 to 2010. || ", "hits": 63 }, { "id": 3808, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3808/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-12-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "LOLA Stills for AGU 2010", "description": "These high resolution still images illustrate the global elevation map of the Moon being developed by the laser altimeter (LOLA) on Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. To date, LOLA has measured the elevation of over two billion points on the surface of the Moon. These measurements make it possible to render shaded relief maps of the Moon with unprecedented accuracy and detail. See also this comparison of LOLA with past maps.The waning gibbous Moon is rendered from three points of view. For each view, a natural color image is paired with a false color version in which low elevations are blue to green and high elevations are yellow to red. The terrain is in highest relief near the terminator, or shadow line, where the Sun is setting on a month-long lunar day. Amateur astronomers pay particular attention to features near the terminator, since the high relief brings out details that are normally washed out in the glare of reflected sunlight. || ", "hits": 232 }, { "id": 3806, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3806/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-12-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Orthographic View of Jakobshavn Calving Front: 1851 to 2010", "description": "The Jakobshavn Isbrae glacier, also known as Sermeq Kujalleq, is located on the west coast of Greenland at Latitude 69 degrees N. The ice front, where the glacier calves into the sea, receded more than 40 km between 1850 and 2010. Between 1850 and 1964 the ice front retreated at a steady rate of about 0.3 km/yr, after which it occupied approximately the same location until 2001, receding 10km in three years. After 2005 the single icefront had retreated enough to split into distinct fronts for the smaller, northern tributary and the main southern trunk. The icestream flows in a deep trough which ends near the current glacier terminus. The bedrock topography is expected to stabilize the location of the icefront for the near future as the glacier continues to drawn ice from Greenland's interior. The movement of ice from glaciers on land into the ocean contributes to a rise in sea level. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. This image is generated with an orthographic camera set to view the range from 51.372 W longitude to 49.212 W and from 68.94 N latitude to 69.39 N. The Landsat image shown in the background is a false color image of data collected on July 29, 2009. || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 30339, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30339/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2010-10-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Mercury Messenger False Color Image", "description": "This spectacular color mosaic shows the eastern limb of Mercury as seen by Messenger as the spacecraft departed the planet following the mission's first Mercury flyby in January 2008. The colors of this image are not those that would be seen by the human eye but instead convey information about the distribution of different rock types on Mercury's surface. The different rock types result in subtle color variations across all of the 11 WAC narrow-band color filters. The Caloris basin, visible as a large bright yellow circular area in this image due to its infill of volcanic plains, dominates the northern region. A similar image was published in Science magazine in July 2008, but it only covered the northern half of the region shown here. To create this larger color mosaic, Messenger Science Team members had to also devise a method to deal with scattered light in the 11 different WAC filters. Messenger has obtained color imaging at this resolution only for the portions of Mercury seen on departure from Mercury flybys 1 and 2. || ", "hits": 270 }, { "id": 3730, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3730/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Lunar Topography: ULCN versus LOLA", "description": "This animation illustrates the dramatic improvement in our knowledge of the Moon's terrain made possible by the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA) instrument onboard the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) spacecraft. A LOLA digital elevation map compiled in late 2009 is compared to the Unified Lunar Control Network (ULCN) 2005, a painstakingly constructed map based on the best available data at the time, including imagery from the Clementine, Apollo, Mariner 10, and Galileo missions as well as Earth-based observations.The height of the terrain is color-coded, with blues and greens representing low altitudes and reds representing high altitudes. The LOLA data used to create this media is available to the public in the LOLA archive of the PDS Geosciences node. || ", "hits": 290 }, { "id": 3731, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3731/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "LOLA: Lunar Topography in Natural Color", "description": "This animation is a brief tour of several prominent features of the Moon's terrain: Tycho crater, the south pole, and the South Pole-Aitken basin. It is match-moved to a companion piece showing the terrain elevations in false color.This is an update of animation 3594, which was produced before the launch of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Except for the Tycho crater inset, the elevation map in this updated version is based entirely on early results of the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter onboard LRO.The surface appearance is derived from photographs taken by the Clementine spacecraft. Although it shows the visible surface in natural color, this animation does not depict realistic sunlight and shadows. This is especially significant near the poles, where certain parts of the terrain can be in permanent shadow and would never be fully visible in the manner depicted here. || ", "hits": 373 }, { "id": 3728, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3728/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Magellan: Venus False-Color Terrain", "description": "This animation is a brief tour of the global terrain of the planet Venus as revealed by radar onboard the Magellan spacecraft. The height of the terrain is color-coded, with blues and greens representing low altitudes and reds representing high altitudes. Highlighted are two large \"continents,\" or highlands, Aphrodite Terra and Ishtar Terra; the Maxwell Montes mountain range; and Maat Mons, a large, currently dormant volcano.Magellan arrived at Venus in August of 1990 and spent four years there collecting data. The elevation map used here was created with data collected during the first mapping cycle. Many of the coverage gaps, represented here by black pixels, were filled in during later mapping cycles. || ", "hits": 383 }, { "id": 3727, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3727/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "LOLA Lunar Topography in False Color", "description": "This animation is a brief tour of several prominent features of the Moon's terrain: Tycho crater, the south pole, and the South Pole-Aitken basin. The height of the terrain is color-coded, with blues and greens representing low altitudes and reds representing high altitudes. The view is match-moved to a companion piece showing the Moon in natural colors.This is an update of animation 3582, which was produced before the launch of Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Except for the Tycho crater inset, the elevation map in this updated version is based entirely on early results of the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter onboard LRO. These results already represent a substantial improvement in our knowledge of the Moon's topography. || ", "hits": 415 } ] }