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        {
            "id": 14689,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14689/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-09-23T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Forecasting the Future: How NASA Satellite Data Helps Trout Populations",
            "description": "Music: \"Uplifting Africa” from PixabayComplete transcript available.This video can be freely shared and downloaded. While the video in its entirety can be shared without permission, some individual imagery provided by Pixabay, Pexels, and project partners is obtained through permission and may not be excised or remixed in other products. For more information on NASA’s media guidelines, visit https://www.nasa.gov/multimedia/guidelines/index.html || TroutThumbnail.jpg (1280x720) [363.5 KB] || TroutThumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [118.5 KB] || TroutThumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || 090524_Wenger_Project.webm (1920x1080) [29.0 MB] || 090524_Wenger_Project.mp4 (1920x1080) [385.4 MB] || WengerTrout_us.en.en_US.srt [4.7 KB] || WengerTrout_us.en.en_US.vtt [4.5 KB] || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 14140,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14140/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-04-21T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Final Day of the Cretaceous: Recent Discoveries by the Tanis research team led by Robert DePalma",
            "description": "Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_Final.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [73.9 KB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_Final.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [43.2 KB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_Final.00001_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_Final.mp4 (1920x1080) [12.1 GB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_Final.webm (1920x1080) [678.8 MB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma_prores.mov (1920x1080) [62.1 GB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma.en_US.srt [178.3 KB] || Scientific_Colloquium_DePalma.en_US.vtt [167.9 KB] || ",
            "hits": 61
        },
        {
            "id": 4861,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4861/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-03-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Three years of SAGE III/ISS Stratospheric Aerosol Data",
            "description": "About three years of stratospheric aerosol data from SAGE III visualizing a zonal mean and measurements of various high aerosol events across the globe || sage3_final_full_60fps.7300_print.jpg (1024x576) [98.9 KB] || sage3_final_full_60fps.7300_searchweb.png (320x180) [57.4 KB] || sage3_final_full_60fps.7300_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || sage3_final_full_1080p59.94.webm (1920x1080) [25.5 MB] || orig (3840x2160) [1.0 MB] || sage3_final_full_1080p59.94.mp4 (1920x1080) [234.0 MB] || sage3_final_full_2160p59.94.mp4 (3840x2160) [1.0 GB] || ",
            "hits": 23
        },
        {
            "id": 13585,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13585/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-04-17T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Bird's-eye View of Biodiversity with Landsat",
            "description": "Temperature data from the Landsat 8 satellite is used by scientists at University of Wisconsin-Madison to predict bird biodiversity in winter months. Turns out, having a habitat with pockets of different temperatures – like a grove of trees in an open field, or a nest or snow burrow – is especially important for small-bodied bird species and those threatened by climate change. Music: Life Cycles by Theo Golding [PRS], published by Atmosphere Music Ltd [PRS]Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 13585_Bird_Temp_poster.png (1280x720) [1.3 MB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_poster_print.jpg (1024x576) [108.6 KB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_poster_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.2 KB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_poster_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_prores.mov (1280x720) [1.0 GB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_youtube.mp4 (1280x720) [129.4 MB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_twitter.mp4 (1280x720) [64.3 MB] || 13585_Bird_Temp_youtube.webm (1280x720) [16.6 MB] || 13585_Bird_Temp.en_US.srt [2.9 KB] || 13585_Bird_Temp.en_US.vtt [2.8 KB] || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 4746,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4746/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2019-08-08T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "June 2019 Monthly Global Temperature Anomalies",
            "description": "While many people in the continuous United States saw average temperatures in the month of June 2019, the average global temperature in June was 1.71 degrees F above the 20th-century average of 59.9 degrees.  This makes June 2019 the hottest June in the 140-year record. Nine of the 10 hottest Junes have occurred since 2010. Last month also was the 43rd consecutive June and 414th consecutive month with above-average global temperatures. This visual of the GISTEMP anomalies for June of 2019 show the United States and then zooms out to show the global picture. Temperature anomalies indicate how much warmer (red) or colder(blue) it is than normal for a particular place and time. For the GISS analysis, normal always means the average over the 30-year period 1951-1980 for that place and time of year. For more information on the GISTEMP, see the GISTEMP analysis website located at: http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ",
            "hits": 35
        },
        {
            "id": 4582,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4582/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-07-27T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Aerosol Optical Thickness Updating Forecast",
            "description": "The atmosphere is made up of gases like oxygen, nitrogen, and water vapor, but it also contains tiny particles called aerosols. Aerosols come from both natural and human sources and include things like sea salt, dust, soot, and sulfates. Aerosols often contribute to air pollution and poor visibility. Once they are in the atmosphere, they can travel long distances, affecting air quality far from their source. Aerosols also absorb or reflect energy (light), influencing temperatures in the atmosphere and on the ground. Satellites measure aerosols by how much light can pass through them. A thick layer of aerosols will block the ground from view, while a thin layer allows enough light through to see the ground. The measurement is called aerosol optical thickness.The GEOS model is built on satellite data and provides a forecast of aerosol optical thickness (among other things). This animation shows a daily updated 10-day forecast of aerosol optical thickness from GEOS. The date and timestamp are in the lower left corner. In general, brighter colors are thick aerosols, while dull darker colors are thin aerosols. Blue represents sea salt (sea salt extinction aerosol optical thickness, 550 nm). Winds blowing across the ocean kicks up ocean spray, which includes sea salt. In the animation, pale blue to white colors reflect stormy conditions. Individual large storms like tropical cyclones (hurricanes, typhoons) are visible as swirling circles of thick sea salt. Red represents dust (dust extinction aerosol optical thickness, 550 nm). The Saharan Desert of northern Africa is the largest source of dust, but dust can be seen across the globe. Saharan dust often interacts with tropical cyclones.Green represents the sum of aerosol optical thickness for organic carbon, black carbon, and sulfate. Organic and black carbon come from burning biomass or fossil fuels. Sources include fires, power plants, vehicles, and other combustion engines that run on fossil fuel. Sulfate particles come mostly from burning fossil fuels, but also from volcanoes. || gmao_aerosols_print.jpg (1024x576) [201.6 KB] || gmao_aerosols_searchweb.png (320x180) [108.3 KB] || gmao_aerosols.00001_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || gmao_aerosols.mp4 (1920x962) [16.2 MB] || gmao_aerosols.webm (1920x962) [1.5 MB] || latest-wdates (2239x1123) [0 Item(s)] || latest-nodates (2239x1123) [0 Item(s)] || gmao_aerosols.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 61
        },
        {
            "id": 4546,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4546/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-01-18T10:29:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2016",
            "description": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2016. The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2012 through 2016 in degrees Celsius. || robinson2_1212_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.2 KB] || robinson2_1213_searchweb.png (180x320) [72.8 KB] || robinson2_1213_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_30fps_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || Celsius_composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || Celsius_composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.1 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.key [48.7 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.pptx [48.3 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.mp4.hwshow [258 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 204
        },
        {
            "id": 12302,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12302/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-07-13T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Aerosol Optical Thickness, MODIS, 2000-2016",
            "description": "Aerosol optical depth from Terra/MODIS, 1-month composite.In the maps shown here, dark brown pixels show high aerosol concentrations, while tan pixels show lower concentrations, and light yellow areas show little or no aerosols. Black shows where the sensor could not make its measurement.Aerosol optical depth is the degree to which aerosols prevent the transmission of light by absorption or scattering of light. || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_print.jpg (1024x512) [184.9 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.7 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth.webm (960x540) [42.2 MB] || 3600x1800_2x1_30p (3600x1800) [16.0 KB] || GSFC_20160713_MODIS_m12302_Aerosol.en_US.vtt [64 bytes] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_large.mp4 (3600x1800) [233.1 MB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.mov (3600x1800) [511.0 MB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_prores720.mov (1280x720) [1.7 GB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_prores.mov (3600x1800) [11.1 GB] || ",
            "hits": 64
        },
        {
            "id": 12221,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12221/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-05-12T13:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "Tracking Volcanic Ash With Satellites",
            "description": "Data from the Suomi NPP satellite is used by NASA scientists to map the full three-dimensional structure of volcanic clouds, allowing a more accurate forecast of where the volcanic ash is spreading.  The information will be used by air traffic management to re-route flights around the hazardous ash clouds, which can damage airplane engines.Complete transcript available.Music: \"Dangerous Clouds\" by Guy & Zab Skornik [SACEM]Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_youtube_hq.00596_print.jpg (1024x576) [66.2 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_youtube_hq.00596_searchweb.png (180x320) [43.0 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_youtube_hq.00596_web.png (320x180) [43.0 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_youtube_hq.00596_thm.png (80x40) [4.0 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [60.8 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER.webm (960x540) [46.9 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [60.8 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [21.9 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_captions.en_US.srt [2.2 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_captions.en_US.vtt [2.2 KB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [149.2 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [119.1 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER.mpeg (1280x720) [394.4 MB] || 12221_Volcanic_ash_MASTER_prores.mov (1280x720) [1.6 GB] || ",
            "hits": 80
        },
        {
            "id": 4438,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4438/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-03-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from January 2016",
            "description": "This visualization shows the anomalously warm month of January 2016.  Reds show areas that are warmer than normal and blue shows regions that are colder than normal. || Jan2016_GISTEMP_0298_print.jpg (1024x576) [64.8 KB] || Jan2016_GISTEMP_0298_searchweb.png (320x180) [44.7 KB] || Jan2016_GISTEMP_0298_thm.png (80x40) [4.6 KB] || composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Jan2016_ArcticWarming.mp4 (1920x1080) [21.4 MB] || Jan2016_ArcticWarming.webm (1920x1080) [642.2 KB] || Jan2016_ArcticWarming.mp4.hwshow [187 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 138
        },
        {
            "id": 4441,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4441/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-03-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from February 2016",
            "description": "This visual of the February 2016 monthly GISTEMP shows temperatures that are warmer than normal in red and colder than normal in blue. || EuropeNorthAmerica_Feb2016_GISTEMP_0290_print.jpg (1024x576) [66.5 KB] || EuropeNorthAmerica_Feb2016_GISTEMP_0290_searchweb.png (320x180) [45.2 KB] || EuropeNorthAmerica_Feb2016_GISTEMP_0290_thm.png (80x40) [4.6 KB] || Feb2016_withOverlays (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Feb2016_GISTEMPanomaly.mp4 (1920x1080) [21.1 MB] || Feb2016_GISTEMPanomaly.webm (1920x1080) [648.0 KB] || Feb2016_GISTEMPanomaly.m4v (640x360) [1.0 MB] || Feb2016_GISTEMPanomaly.mp4.hwshow [188 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 4420,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4420/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-01-20T11:30:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from December 2015",
            "description": "Global temperature data for December 2015, in degrees Fahrenheit, starting with North America and pulling back to reveal the whole world.  The December 2015 temperatures are compared to a baseline of the 1951-1980 average temperature. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. || Dec2015Gistemp_zoomout_fahrenheit_0000_print.jpg (1024x576) [75.3 KB] || Dec2015Gistemp_zoomout_fahrenheit_0000_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.3 KB] || Dec2015Gistemp_zoomout_fahrenheit_0000_thm.png (80x40) [5.5 KB] || fahrenheit_composite_dec2015monthly (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Dec2015Gistemp_zoomout_fahrenheit_0000_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [3.2 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F.webm (960x540) [2.9 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [6.5 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F.mpeg (1280x720) [46.8 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [20.1 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F_prores.mov (1280x720) [105.0 MB] || 4420_GISTEMP_Dec2015_zoomout_F_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [2.2 MB] || Dec2015Gistemp_zoomout_fahrenheit_0000_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [212 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 48
        },
        {
            "id": 4419,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4419/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-01-20T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2015",
            "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2015. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2011 through 2015.  Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print.jpg (1024x576) [107.0 KB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.5 KB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_print_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || celsius_composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [79.5 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.webm (960x540) [13.3 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [16.3 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.mpeg (1280x720) [122.2 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_prores.mov (1280x720) [533.7 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.key [20.0 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C.pptx [17.4 MB] || 4419_GISTEMP_2015_Robinson_C_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [4.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 261
        },
        {
            "id": 40268,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/hyperwall-geos/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2015-10-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hyperwall GEOS",
            "description": "all Hyperwall shows based on GEOS",
            "hits": 3
        },
        {
            "id": 11869,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11869/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-05-08T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA On Air: Big Ozone Holes Headed For Extinction By 2040 (5/8/2015)",
            "description": "LEAD: NASA scientists report that the ozone hole over Antarctica is slowly recovering.1. The ozone hole is the result of man-made chlorine and bromine chemicals reacting with thin ice clouds at 60,000 feet where temperatures are bitterly cold, less than –110 Degrees Fahrenheit.2. The ozone hole varies from twice to three times the size of the United States.3. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and ozone-depleting chemical levels have been slowly declining.4. With a new analysis, NASA scientists say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than less than twice the United States.TAG: Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery before the end of the century. || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_print.jpg (1024x576) [115.0 KB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.1 KB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_web.png (320x180) [78.1 KB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [648.2 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [766.3 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [241.4 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_WEA_CEN.wmv (1280x720) [17.3 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_converted.avi (1280x720) [19.0 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_baron.mp4 (1920x1080) [20.6 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_prores.mov (1920x1080) [518.5 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.m4v (960x540) [71.1 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [116.2 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.m4v (1920x1080) [241.4 MB] || WC_Ozone2040-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.webm (960x540) [3.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 49
        },
        {
            "id": 11781,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11781/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-05-06T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Big Ozone Holes Headed For Extinction By 2040",
            "description": "The next three decades will see an end of the era of big ozone holes. In a new study, scientists from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040.Ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere cause an ozone hole to form over Antarctica during the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and chemical levels have been declining. However, the ozone hole has still remained bigger than 8 million square miles since the early 1990s, with exact sizes varying from year to year.The size of the ozone hole varies due to both temperature and levels of ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere. In order to get a more accurate picture of the future size of the ozone hole, scientists used NASA’s AURA satellite to determine how much the levels of these chemicals in the atmosphere varied each year. With this new knowledge, scientists can confidently say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040. Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery before the end of the century.Research: Inorganic chlorine variability in the Antarctic vortex and implications for ozone recovery.Journal: Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, December 18, 2014.Link to paper: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JD022295/abstract.Here is the YouTube video. || ",
            "hits": 126
        },
        {
            "id": 11867,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11867/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-05-06T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Instagram: Big Ozone Holes Headed For Extinction By 2040",
            "description": "The next three decades will see an end of the era of big ozone holes. In a new study, scientists from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040.Ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere cause an ozone hole to form over Antarctica during the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and chemical levels have been declining. However, the ozone hole has still remained bigger than 8 million square miles since the early 1990s, with exact sizes varying from year to year.The size of the ozone hole varies due to both temperature and levels of ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere. In order to get a more accurate picture of the future size of the ozone hole, scientists used NASA’s AURA satellite to determine how much the levels of these chemicals in the atmosphere varied each year. With this new knowledge, scientists can confidently say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040. Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery before the end of the century.Research: Inorganic chlorine variability in the Antarctic vortex and implications for ozone recovery.Journal: Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, December 18, 2014.Link to paper: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JD022295/abstract. || ",
            "hits": 23
        },
        {
            "id": 4252,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4252/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-01-16T00:30:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2014",
            "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2014.  Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue.  The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2010 through 2014. || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_print.jpg (1024x576) [122.2 KB] || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_searchweb.png (320x180) [74.5 KB] || GISTEMP_2014update.0905_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 2014_update_robinson_composite.mp4 (1920x1080) [36.8 MB] || 2014_update_robinson_composite.webm (1920x1080) [3.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 150
        },
        {
            "id": 4254,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4254/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-01-16T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from November 2014",
            "description": "This visualization of global surface temperatures from November 2014 starts with a local view of the United States and then zooms out to see the global color-coded map. Blue represents colder then normal temperatures and red represents warmer. || Nov2014_Robinson_zoomout_composite_0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [98.1 KB] || Nov2014_Robinson_zoomout_composite_0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [74.4 KB] || Nov2014_Robinson_zoomout_composite_0001_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || robinson_composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Nov2014monthly_robinsonzoomout.mp4 (1920x1080) [10.9 MB] || Nov2014monthly_robinsonzoomout.webm (1920x1080) [1.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 4255,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4255/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-01-16T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "2014 Global Temperature Anomalies: United States to Global view",
            "description": "This visualization of annual global temperature anomalies from 2014 starts with a local view of the United States and then zooms out to the global color-coded map.  Blue represents colder then normal temperatures and red represents warmer then normal temperatures. || US_Global_pullout_2014GISTEMP_0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.0 KB] || US_Global_pullout_2014GISTEMP_0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.7 KB] || US_Global_pullout_2014GISTEMP_0001_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Annual2014GISSTEMP_US2Global.mp4 (1920x1080) [11.2 MB] || Annual2014GISSTEMP_US2Global.webm (1920x1080) [1.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 170
        },
        {
            "id": 40176,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/ozone-hole/",
            "result_type": "Gallery",
            "release_date": "2014-09-08T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Ozone Hole",
            "description": "Visualizations and narrated videos about stratospheric ozone, for educators and the press.",
            "hits": 241
        },
        {
            "id": 4152,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4152/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-03-19T14:40:00-04:00",
            "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from January 2014",
            "description": "Residents of the eastern United States know that the temperature was colder then the average temperature. This visual of the GISTEMP anomalies for January of 2014 show the United States and then zooms out to show the global picture. Temperature anomalies indicate how much warmer or colder it is than normal for a particular place and time. For the GISS analysis, normal always means the average over the 30-year period 1951-1980 for that place and time of year. For more information on the GISTEMP, see the GISTEMP analysis website located at: http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 4135,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4135/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-01-21T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2013",
            "description": "NASA scientists say 2013 tied with 2009 and 2006 for the seventh warmest year since 1880, continuing a long-term trend of rising global temperatures. With the exception of 1998, the 10 warmest years in the 134-year record all have occurred since 2000, with 2010 and 2005 ranking as the warmest years on record.NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York, which analyzes global surface temperatures on an ongoing basis, released an updated report Tuesday on temperatures around the globe in 2013. The comparison shows how Earth continues to experience temperatures warmer than those measured several decades ago.  The average temperature in 2013 was 58.3 degrees Fahrenheit (14.6 degrees Celsius), which is 1.1 °F (0.6 °C) warmer than the mid-20th century baseline. The average global temperature has risen about 1.4 °F (0.8 °C) since 1880, according to the new analysis. Exact rankings for individual years are sensitive to data inputs and analysis methods.\"Long-term trends in surface temperatures are unusual and 2013 adds to the evidence for ongoing climate change,\" GISS climatologist Gavin Schmidt said. \"While one year or one season can be affected by random weather events, this analysis shows the necessity for continued, long-term monitoring.\"Scientists emphasize that weather patterns always will cause fluctuations in average temperatures from year to year, but the continued increases in greenhouse gas levels in Earth's atmosphere are driving a long-term rise in global temperatures. Each successive year will not necessarily be warmer than the year before, but with the current level of greenhouse gas emissions, scientists expect each successive decade to be warmer than the previous.Carbon dioxide is a greenhouse gas that traps heat and plays a major role in controlling changes to Earth's climate. It occurs naturally and also is emitted by the burning of fossil fuels for energy. Driven by increasing man-made emissions, the level of carbon dioxide in Earth's atmosphere presently is higher than at any time in the last 800,000 years. The carbon dioxide level in the atmosphere was about 285 parts per million in 1880, the first year in the GISS temperature record. By 1960, the atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration, measured at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's (NOAA) Mauna Loa Observatory in Hawaii, was about 315 parts per million. This measurement peaked last year at more than 400 parts per million.While the world experienced relatively warm temperatures in 2013, the continental United States experienced the 42nd warmest year on record, according to GISS analysis. For some other countries, such as Australia, 2013 was the hottest year on record.The temperature analysis produced at GISS is compiled from weather data from more than 1,000 meteorological stations around the world, satellite observations of sea-surface temperature, and Antarctic research station measurements, taking into account station history and urban heat island effects. Software is used to calculate the difference between surface temperature in a given month and the average temperature for the same place from 1951 to 1980. This three-decade period functions as a baseline for the analysis. It has been 38 years since the recording of a year of cooler than average temperatures.The GISS temperature record is one of several global temperature analyses, along with those produced by the Met Office Hadley Centre in the United Kingdom and NOAA's National Climatic Data Center in Asheville, N.C. These three primary records use slightly different methods, but overall, their trends show close agreement.Additional commentary on the 2013 temperature anomaly is provided by Dr. James Hansen of Columbia University at: http://www.columbia.edu/~jeh1/mailings/2014/20140121_Temperature2013.pdfThe GISTEMP analysis website is located at: http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ",
            "hits": 78
        },
        {
            "id": 4094,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4094/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-08-14T13:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chelyabinsk Bolide Plume as seen by NPP and NASA Models",
            "description": "Shortly after dawn on Feb. 15, 2013, a bolide measuring 18 meters across and weighing 11,000 metric tons, screamed into Earth's atmosphere at 18.6 kilometers per second. Burning from the friction with Earth's thin air, the space rock exploded 23.3 kilometers above Chelyabinsk, Russia. The event led to the formation of a new dust belt in Earth's stratosphere. Scientists used data from the NASA-NOAA Suomi NPP satellite along with the GEOS-5 computational atmospheric model to achieve the first space-based observation of the long-term evolution of a bolide plume.NPP's Ozone Mapping and Profiler Suite (OMPS) Limb instrument first observed the dust plume from the explosion about 1,100 kilometers east of Chelyabinsk, due to the location of the satellite's orbit. NPP's second observation was farther west, close to Chelyabinsk, because the spacecraft's orbit moves from east to west. The third observation of the plume occurred the day following the event. The OMPS instrument could only see the plume during the daytime, and the NPP orbit had progressed westward away from the plume and into night by the time it was again over the plume.The OMPS Limb instrument observations are made by looking backward (relative to NPP's orbit) toward the Earth's limb. The instrument makes measurements through three separate slits. Early on, some of the plume observations where only made in one or two of the slits, but later observations tended to include all three slits as the plume stretched out. || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 30017,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30017/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2013-03-07T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "GEOS-5 Nature Run Collection",
            "description": "Through numerical experiments that simulate the dynamical and physical processes governing weather and climate variability of Earth's atmosphere, models create a dynamic portrait of our planet. This 10-kilometer global mesoscale simulation (Nature Run) using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS-5) explores the evolution of surface temperatures as the sun heats the Earth and fuels cloud formation in the tropics and along baroclinic zones; the presence of water vapor and precipitation within these global weather patterns; the dispersion of global aerosols from dust, biomass burning, fossil fuel emissions, and volcanoes; and the winds that transport these aerosols from the surface to upper-levels.The full GEOS-5 simulation covered 2 years—from May 2005 to May 2007. It ran on 3,750 processors of the Discover supercomputer at the NASA Center for Climate Simulation, consuming 3 million processor hours and producing over 400 terabytes of data. GEOS-5 development is funded by NASA's Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction Program. || ",
            "hits": 94
        },
        {
            "id": 4030,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4030/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-01-15T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2012",
            "description": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2012. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal temperatures are shown in blue. Global surface temperature in 2012 was +0.55 || ",
            "hits": 479
        },
        {
            "id": 3901,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3901/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-01-20T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2011",
            "description": "The global average surface temperature in 2011 was the ninth warmest since 1880.The finding sustains a trend that has seen the 21st century experience nine of the 10 warmest years in the modern meteorological record. NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York released an analysis of how temperatures around the globe in 2011 compared to the average global temperature from the mid-20th century. The comparison shows how Earth continues to experience higher temperatures than several decades ago. The average temperature around the globe in 2011 was 0.92 degrees F (0.51 C) higher than the mid-20th century baseline.\"We know the planet is absorbing more energy than it is emitting,\" said GISS director James E. Hansen. \"So we are continuing to see a trend toward higher temperatures. Even with the cooling effects of a strong La Ni?a influence and low solar activity for the past several years, 2011 was one of the 10 warmest years on record.\"The difference between 2011 and the warmest year in the GISS record (2010) is 0.22 degrees F (0.12 C). This underscores the emphasis scientists put on the long-term trend of global temperature rise as opposed to year-to-year variations. Because of the large natural variability of climate, scientists do not expect annual temperatures to rise consistently each year. However, they do expect a continuing temperature rise over decades. The first 11 years of the 21st century experienced notably higher temperatures compared to the middle and late 20th century, Hansen said.For more information on the GISS temperature analysis, visit http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp. || ",
            "hits": 113
        },
        {
            "id": 3817,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3817/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-01-14T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2010",
            "description": "Groups of scientists from several major institutions - NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS), NOAA's National Climatic Data Center (NCDC), the Japanese Meteorological Agency and the Met Office Hadley Centre in the United Kingdom - tally data collected by temperature monitoring stations spread around the world and make an announcement about whether the previous year was a comparatively warm or cool year. This analysis concerns only temperature anomalies, not absolute temperature. Temperature anomalies are computed relative to the base period 1951-1980. The reason to work with anomalies, rather than absolute temperature is that absolute temperature varies markedly in short distances, while monthly or annual temperature anomalies are representative of a much larger region. Indeed, we have shown (Hansen and Lebedeff, 1987) that temperature anomalies are strongly correlated out to distances of the order of 1000 km. For more information about this dataset, see http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp NASA's announcement this year - that 2010 ties 2005 as the warmest year in the 131-year instrumental record - made headlines. But, how much does the ranking of a single year matter?Not all that much, emphasizes James Hansen, the director of NASA's Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS) in New York City. In the GISS analysis, for example, 2010 differed from 2005 by less than 0.01°C (0.018°F), a difference so small that the temperatures of these two years are indistinguishable, given the uncertainty of the calculation.Meanwhile, the third warmest year - 2009 - is so close to 1998, 2002, 2003, 2006, and 2007, with the maximum difference between the years being a mere 0.03°C, that all six years are virtually tied.Even for a near record-breaking year like 2010 the broader context is more important than a single year. \"Certainly, it is interesting that 2010 was so warm despite the presence of a La Niña and a remarkably inactive sun, two factors that have a cooling influence on the planet, but far more important than any particular year's ranking are the decadal trends,\" Hansen said. || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 3684,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3684/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-03-03T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2009 for Science On a Sphere",
            "description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. The past year, 2009, tied as the second warmest year in the 130 years of global instrumental temperature records, in the surface temperature analysis of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS). The Southern Hemisphere set a record as the warmest year for that half of the world. Global mean temperature, was 0.57°C (1.0°F) warmer than climatology (the 1951-1980 base period). Southern Hemisphere mean temperature was 0.49°C (0.88°F) warmer than in the period of climatology. The global record warm year, in the period of near-global instrumental measurements (since the late 1800s), was 2005. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2009. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. For more information on the data used to generate these images, please see http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp. || ",
            "hits": 66
        },
        {
            "id": 3674,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3674/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-01-27T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2009",
            "description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. The past year, 2009, tied as the second warmest year in the 130 years of global instrumental temperature records, in the surface temperature analysis of the NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies (GISS). The Southern Hemisphere set a record as the warmest year for that half of the world. Global mean temperature, was 0.57°C (1.0°F) warmer than climatology (the 1951-1980 base period). Southern Hemisphere mean temperature was 0.49°C (0.88°F) warmer than in the period of climatology. The global record warm year, in the period of near-global instrumental measurements (since the late 1800s), was 2005. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2009. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. For more information on the data used to generate these images, please see http://giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ",
            "hits": 36
        },
        {
            "id": 3675,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3675/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-01-26T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Ten-Year Average Global Temperature Anomaly Image from 2000 to 2009",
            "description": "There is a high degree of interannual (year-to-year) and decadal variability in both global and hemispheric temperatures. Underlying this variability, however, is a long-term warming trend that has become strong and persistent over the past three decades. The long-term trends are more apparent when temperature is averaged over several years. This image represents the 10 year average temperatures anomaly data from 2000 through 2009. || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 3653,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3653/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-08T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies for 1888,1918,1948,1978, 2008",
            "description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. A rapid warming trend has occurred over the past 30 years. Calendar year 2008 was the coolest year since 2000, according to the Goddard Institute for Space Studies analysis of surface air temperature measurements. In this analysis, 2008 is the ninth warmest year in the period of instrumental measurements, which extends back to 1881. 2005 is the hottest year on record, and 2007 is tied with 1998 for second place. The Earth is experiencing the warmest level of the current interglacial period, or interval between ice ages, which has lasted nearly 12,000 years. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2008. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 3596,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3596/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-04-21T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2008 for Science On a Sphere",
            "description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. A rapid warming trend has occurred over the past 30 years. Calendar year 2008 was the coolest year since 2000, according to the Goddard Institute for Space Studies analysis of surface air temperature measurements. In this analysis, 2008 is the ninth warmest year in the period of instrumental measurements, which extends back to 1881. 2005 is the hottest year on record, and 2007 is tied with 1998 for second place. The Earth is experiencing the warmest level of the current interglacial period, or interval between ice ages, which has lasted nearly 12,000 years. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2008. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 3490,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3490/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-01-16T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2007",
            "description": "Each year, scientists at NASA Goddard Institute for Space Studies analyze global temperature data. A rapid warming trend has occurred over the past 30 years, and the eight hottest years on the GISS record have occurred in the past decade. 2005 is the hottest year on record, and 2007 is tied with 1998 for second place. The Earth is experiencing the warmest level of the current interglacial period, or interval between ice ages, which has lasted nearly 12,000 years. This color-coded map displays a long term progression of changing global surface temperatures, from 1881 to 2007. Dark red indicates the greatest warming and dark blue indicates the greatest cooling. || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 3375,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3375/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2006-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Five-Year Average Global Temperature Anomalies from 1881 to 2006",
            "description": "Because of a rapid warming trend over the past 30 years, the Earth is now reaching and passing through the warmest levels seen in the last 12,000 years. This color-coded map shows a progression of changing global surface temperatures from 1881 to 2006, the warmest ranked year on record. || ",
            "hits": 48
        },
        {
            "id": 3149,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3149/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-05-04T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Gamma Ray Bursts May Have Caused Ancient Extinctions",
            "description": "Scientists at NASA the University of Kansas say that a mass extinction on Earth hundreds of millions of years ago could have been triggered by a star explosion called a gamma-ray burst. The scientists do not have direct evidence that such a burst activated the ancient extinction. The strength of their work is their atmospheric modeling — essentially a 'what if' scenario.The scientists calculated that gamma-ray radiation from a relatively nearby star explosion, hitting the Earth for only ten seconds, could deplete up to half of the atmosphere's protective ozone layer. Recovery could take at least five years. With the ozone layer damaged, ultraviolet radiation from the Sun could kill much of the life on land and near the surface of oceans and lakes, and disrupt the food chain.These scientists calculated the potential effect of ultraviolet radiation on life. Deep-sea creatures living several feet below water would be protected. Surface-dwelling plankton and other life near the surface, however, would not survive. Plankton is the foundation of the marine food chain.This visualization shows the regions of the planet most susceptible to DNA damage (shown in red) if a large gamma ray burst were to occur close to Earth.[This text is from the NASA web story on the subject. See the Story URL below.] || ",
            "hits": 385
        }
    ]
}