{ "count": 27, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 14407, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14407/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2023-09-14T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Summer 2023 Temperature Media Resources", "description": "The summer of 2023 was Earth’s hottest since global records began in 1880, according to an analysis by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Institute of Space Studies (GISS) in New York.The months of June, July, and August combined were 0.41 degrees Fahrenheit (0.23 degrees Celsius) warmer than any other summer in NASA’s record, and 2.1 degrees F (1.2 C) warmer than the average summer between 1951 and 1980. August alone was 2.2 F (1.2 C) warmer than the average. June through August is considered meteorological summer in the Northern Hemisphere. This new record comes as exceptional heat swept across much of the world, exacerbating deadly wildfires in Canada and Hawaii, and searing heat waves in South America, Japan, Europe, and the U.S., while likely contributing to severe rainfall in Italy, Greece, and Central Europe.NASA assembles its temperature record, known as GISTEMP, from surface air temperature data acquired by tens of thousands of meteorological stations, as well as sea surface temperature data from ship- and buoy-based instruments. This raw data is analyzed using methods that account for the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and for urban heating effects that could skew the calculations. || ", "hits": 163 }, { "id": 4882, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4882/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-01-14T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2020", "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are the average over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2016-2020. Scale in degrees Celsius. || print_cel2020_00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [184.6 KB] || print_cel2020_00000_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.3 KB] || print_cel2020_00000_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || GISSTEMP_celsius_fade_composite.mp4 (1920x1080) [69.1 MB] || GISSTEMP_celsius_fade_composite.webm (1920x1080) [3.4 MB] || print_cel2020_00000.tif (3840x2160) [23.7 MB] || ", "hits": 517 }, { "id": 4787, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4787/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-01-15T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2019", "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies. Normal temperatures are the average over the 30 year baseline period 1951-1980. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower than normal temperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the 5 year global temperature anomalies from 2015-2019. Scale in degrees Celsius. || CelsiusRobinson_0889_print.jpg (1024x576) [111.8 KB] || CelsiusRobinson_0889_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.4 KB] || CelsiusRobinson_0889_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.0 MB] || RobinsonCelsiusSequenceComposite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || Celsius_UHD_composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || GISSTEMP2019_Celsius_UHD_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [69.3 MB] || CelsiusRobinson2019update_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [238 bytes] || ", "hits": 239 }, { "id": 4626, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4626/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2019-02-06T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2018", "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2018. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2014 through 2018. Scale in degree Celsius. || 2018HD_celsius_0900_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.1 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_0900_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [20.7 MB] || celsius_robinson (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 2018HD_celsius_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.2 MB] || celsius (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || celsius_composite (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 147 }, { "id": 40348, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/esddatafor-societal-benefits/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2018-04-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "ESD data for Societal Benefit", "description": "No description available.", "hits": 216 }, { "id": 12847, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12847/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-02-20T11:47:00-05:00", "title": "Warm World of 2017", "description": "2017 was the second hottest year on record. || cover.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || cover_print.jpg (1024x576) [125.2 KB] || cover_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.3 KB] || cover_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 12828, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12828/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-01-19T05:00:00-05:00", "title": "2017 Global Temperature Visuals", "description": "Earth’s global surface temperatures in 2017 were the second warmest since modern recordkeeping began in 1880, continuing the planet’s long-term warming trend.Globally averaged temperatures in 2017 were 1.62 degrees Fahrenheit (0.90 degrees Celsius) warmer than the 1951 to 1980 mean. That is second only to global temperatures in 2016. Last year was the third consecutive year in which temperatures were more than 1.8 degrees Fahrenheit (1 degree Celsius) above late nineteenth-century levels.2017 was the warmest year that did not have an El Niño event.NASA’s temperature analyses incorporate surface temperature measurements from 6,300 weather stations, ship- and buoy-based observations of sea surface temperatures, and temperature measurements from Antarctic research stations.These raw measurements are analyzed using an algorithm that considers the varied spacing of temperature stations around the globe and urban heating effects that could skew the conclusions. These calculations produce the global average temperature deviations from the baseline period of 1951 to 1980.The full 2017 surface temperature data set and the complete methodology used to make the temperature calculation are available at: http://data.giss.nasa.gov/gistemp/ || ", "hits": 123 }, { "id": 4609, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4609/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-01-18T10:30:00-05:00", "title": "Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2017", "description": "This color-coded map in Robinson projection displays a progression of changing global surface temperature anomalies from 1880 through 2017. Higher than normal temperatures are shown in red and lower then normal termperatures are shown in blue. The final frame represents the global temperatures 5-year averaged from 2013 through 2017. Scale in degree Celsius.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_print.jpg (1024x576) [114.7 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_searchweb.png (320x180) [74.8 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1072_thm.png (80x40) [7.2 KB] || gistemp2017_celsius_wDatesColorbar (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || gistemp2017_celsius_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [36.8 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.1 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_PrintStill.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_wDatesColorbar_4k (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || gistemp2017_celsius_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [136.7 MB] || gistemp2017_celsius_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [193 bytes] || ", "hits": 279 }, { "id": 12468, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12468/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-02-06T12:44:00-05:00", "title": "2016 Hottest Year on Record", "description": "For the third year in a row, global warm temperatures break records in 2016. || gistemp_fahrenheit_1080_30fps0606_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [107.9 KB] || gistemp_fahrenheit_1080_30fps0606_1024x576_print.jpg (1024x576) [107.1 KB] || gistemp_fahrenheit_1080_30fps0606_1024x576_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || gistemp_fahrenheit_1080_30fps0606_1024x576_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [82.8 KB] || gistemp_fahrenheit_1080_30fps0606.tif (1920x1080) [1.7 MB] || ", "hits": 78 }, { "id": 40317, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/vcearth-video-wall/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2017-02-02T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "VC Earth Video Wall", "description": "list of videos to display on video wall in Earth science exhibit at Goddard Visitor Center", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 4546, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4546/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-01-18T10:29:00-05:00", "title": "Five-Year Global Temperature Anomalies from 1880 to 2016", "description": "This color-coded map displays a progression of changing global surface temperatures anomalies from 1880 through 2016. The final frame represents global temperature anomalies averaged from 2012 through 2016 in degrees Celsius. || robinson2_1212_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.2 KB] || robinson2_1213_searchweb.png (180x320) [72.8 KB] || robinson2_1213_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_30fps_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [46.3 MB] || Celsius_composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || Celsius_composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.1 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.key [48.7 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_4546.pptx [48.3 MB] || gistemp2016_5year_full_record_celsius_1080p.mp4.hwshow [258 bytes] || ", "hits": 238 }, { "id": 12139, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12139/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-02-02T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Hottest Year On Record", "description": "Scientists report record-shattering global warm temperatures in 2015. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [440.6 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [269.3 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [197.0 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [207.2 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.2 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [91.2 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [23.1 KB] || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 4387, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4387/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-13T17:00:00-04:00", "title": "El Niño: Disrupting the Marine Food Web", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.In case you haven’t heard, El Niño is starting to make headlines this year. Often nicknamed \"the bad boy of weather,\" who is this guy?A long time ago, fishermen off the west coast of South America — one of the world's most productive fisheries — noticed that some years the fish disappeared. This was especially noticeable around Christmas time — giving it the name El Niño, which means Christ child in Spanish. Today we know why El Niño happens — but knowing when it will happen is still a challenge. Normally, winds blow from east to west along the equator, pushing surface water westward. As the water moves away from the east, nutrient-rich deeper ocean water rises to fill the void (called upwelling.) When nutrients rise into sunlight, they cause blooms of tiny plants called phytoplankton. These plants feed the entire marine food web from small fish such as sardines to bigger fish, sea birds, and marine mammals. When an El Niño develops, the normal east-to-west winds die and warm surface water from the west Pacific moves eastward. This stops the upwelling in the east. Without the supply of deeper, nutrient-rich water, less phytoplankton bloom and the fisheries collapse. From satellites in space we see how these changes impact the ocean’s color. Normally, the ocean looks more green along the equator (image below, left.) During El Niño, the ocean looks more blue and less green because there is less plant life (images below, right.) While this color change is subtle to our eyes, it means life or death for the species that depend upon plankton for food. Some animals starve (e.g. sea lions, marine iguanas, Galapagos penguins) while others move away to look for food elsewhere. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 11920, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11920/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-10-08T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Drifting At Sea", "description": "An experiment in data visualization explores where research buoys end up in Earth’s oceans. || c-1024-75.jpg (1024x576) [442.5 KB] || c-1280-75.jpg (1280x720) [664.8 KB] || c-1920-75.jpg (1920x1080) [970.3 KB] || c-1024-75_print.jpg (1024x576) [462.5 KB] || c-1024-75_searchweb.png (320x180) [118.2 KB] || c-1024-75_web.png (320x180) [118.2 KB] || c-1024-75_thm.png (80x40) [17.8 KB] || ", "hits": 52 }, { "id": 4375, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4375/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-02T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Garbage Patch Visualization Experiment", "description": "This gallery was created for Earth Science Week 2015 and beyond. It includes a quick start guide for educators and first-hand stories (blogs) for learners of all ages by NASA visualizers, scientists and educators. We hope that your understanding and use of NASA's visualizations will only increase as your appreciation grows for the beauty of the science they portray, and the communicative power they hold. Read all the blogs and find educational resources for all ages at: the Earth Science Week 2015 page.You may have heard of \"ocean garbage patches,\" areas in the ocean where litter and debris concentrates. This might stir up a vivid image of large blanketed areas of trash on the ocean surface that are easy to spot. But that’s not the case. Much of the debris consists of smaller pieces of plastic that are always moving and changing with the ocean currents, waves and winds. These can be difficult to see and predict. We set out to explore the processes and interactions that cause debris to flow to these patches using buoy and model data, and created a visualization based on our results. || ", "hits": 95 }, { "id": 4174, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4174/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-08-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Garbage Patch Visualization Experiment", "description": "We wanted to see if we could visualize the so-called ocean garbage patches. We start with data from floating, scientific buoys that NOAA has been distributing in the oceans for the last 35-year represented here as white dots. Let's speed up time to see where the buoys go... Since new buoys are continually released, it's hard to tell where older buoys move to. Let's clear the map and add the starting locations of all the buoys... Interesting patterns appear all over the place. Lines of buoys are due to ships and planes that released buoys periodically. If we let all of the buoys go at the same time, we can observe buoy migration patterns. The number of buoys decreases because some buoys don't last as long as others. The buoys migrate to 5 known gyres also called ocean garbage patches.We can also see this in a computational model of ocean currents called ECCO-2. We release particles evenly around the world and let the modeled currents carry the particles. The particles from the model also migrate to the garbage patches. Even though the retimed buoys and modeled particles did not react to currents at the same times, the fact that the data tend to accumulate in the same regions show how robust the result is.The dataset used for the ocean buoy visualization is the Global Drifter Database from the GDP Drifter Data Assembly Center, part of the NOAA Atlantic Oceanographic & Meteorological Laboratory. The data covered the period February 1979 through September 2013. Although the actual dataset has a wealth of data, including surface temperatures, salinities, etc., only the buoy positions were used in the visualization.This visualization was accepted as one of the \"Dailies\" at SIGGRAPH 2015. || ", "hits": 302 }, { "id": 40239, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/gallery/siggraph-2015/", "result_type": "Gallery", "release_date": "2015-08-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Visualizations Presented at SIGGRAPH 2015", "description": "The SIGGRAPH conference is widely recognized as the most prestigious forum for the publication of computer graphics research. The conference provides an interdisciplinary educational experience highlighting outstanding achievements in time-based art, scientific visualization, visual effects, real-time graphics, and narrative shorts. Below are contributions to the conference made by members of NASA Goddard's Scientific Visualization Studio.", "hits": 84 }, { "id": 4329, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4329/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-07-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "SIGGRAPH 2015: Dailies", "description": "CALIPSO observes Saharan dust crossing the Atlantic OceanVisualizer: Kel ElkinsSummary:For the first time, a NASA satellite has quantified in three dimensions how much dust makes the trans-Atlantic journey from the Sahara Desert the Amazon rainforest. Among this dust is phosphorus, an essential nutrient that acts like a fertilizer, which the Amazon depends on in order to flourish.The new dust transport estimates were derived from data collected by a lidar instrument on NASA's Cloud-Aerosol Lidar and Infrared Pathfinder Satellite Observation, or CALIPSO, satellite from 2007 though 2013.For complete transcript, click here.For more details and to download other media formats, click here. || 4273_African_Dust_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [125.8 KB] || 4273_African_Dust_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.2 KB] || Dust_Entire_1080p_60fps.3072_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || 4273_African_Dust_1280x720.webm (1280x720) [10.9 MB] || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 11791, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11791/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-03-03T07:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA On Air: NASA Tracks Hurricane Wind Fields (3/3/2015)", "description": "LEAD: NASA is helping us visualize how winds affect hurricane paths by assimilating satellite data with observations from ships and buoys.1. In this view of the Atlantic Ocean, the reds and yellows indicate warm ocean water.2. In September 2011, Hurricane Ophelia was pushed by ocean winds right up the alley between a high and a low.3. Just three days later, the winds changed and Hurricane Philippe was steered towards the U.S. Would Philippe threaten the East Coast?4. No. Strong winds from the north, a cold front, caused Hurricane Philippe to take a 180-degree turn and move safely away from the U.S.TAG: Combing satellite data with ship and buoy observations and models will help forecasters make better predictions of hurricane tracks. || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_print.jpg (1024x576) [244.8 KB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.00102_print.jpg (1024x576) [222.5 KB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_searchweb.png (320x180) [111.7 KB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_web.png (320x180) [111.7 KB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_WEA_CEN.wmv (1280x720) [19.5 MB] || Ocean_Winds_2_Prores.avi (1280x720) [20.3 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_baron.mp4 (1920x1080) [24.6 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.webm (1920x1080) [4.6 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.m4v (960x540) [235.4 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [390.6 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_prores.mov (1920x1080) [515.8 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [816.4 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.m4v (1920x1080) [807.7 MB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [1.3 GB] || WC_Ocean_Winds-1920-MASTER_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [1.5 GB] || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 11611, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11611/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-07-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Briefing Materials: NASA Field Campaign to Probe Ocean Ecology, Carbon Cycle", "description": "NASA will host a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT Thursday, July 17, to discuss new fieldwork using coordinated ship and aircraft observations aimed at advancing the technology needed to measure microscopic plankton in the ocean from space.Press release: http://www.nasa.gov/press/2014/july/nasa-kicks-off-field-campaign-to-probe-ocean-ecology-carbon-cycle/Briefing SpeakersIntroduction 1: Paula Bontempi, ocean biology and biogeochemistry program scientist, NASA Headquarters, WashingtonIntroduction 2: Michael Behrenfeld, ocean plant ecologist, Oregon State University, CorvallisChris Hostetler, atmospheric scientist, NASA's Langley Research Center, Hampton, VirginiaJacek Chowdhary, research scientist, Columbia University, New YorkAlex Gilerson, ocean imager, City College of New YorkIvona Cetinic, ocean ecologist, University of Maine, WalpolePresenter 1: Paula Bontempi || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 30499, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30499/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-05-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ocean Salinity and Daily Argo Coverage", "description": "Salinity has been measured at sea for centuries, first using buckets to collect samples, and later (within the past few decades) with instruments known as “CTDs,” which simultaneously measure conductivity (as a proxy for salinity), temperature, and ocean depth (based on pressure). This technology is used to provide single point samples throughout the ocean. The Argo program has over 3500 profiling floats with CTDs currently deployed in all ocean basins. The Argo array of profiling floats is the first attempt to monitor the global subsurface (upper 2000 meters) ocean temperature and salinity fields in real time. The first floats were deployed in late 1999 and it took another 8 years to reach the global target of 3000 operating floats delivering data every 10 days. While ~3500 floats seem like a lot, on a daily basis the ocean is still very undersampled.This visualization shows ocean salinity at 150 meters as derived by an eddy-resolving ocean model. The gray dots represent the daily locations of Argo floats from January 1993 to December 2010. Ocean salinity and temperature data from Argo floats have proved extremely useful, and can be used in combination with data from other sources (such as from NASA’s Aquarius mission and other satellite missions) to observe and model long-term ocean signals related to climate change. || ", "hits": 96 }, { "id": 20146, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20146/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2008-07-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "ARGO Buoy Animations", "description": "The ARGO buoy: it works in conjunction with many others of its kind (in an array) to collect data about ocean currents. || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 3205, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3205/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "ARGO Float Animation #2", "description": "This visualization shows the locations of the ARGO buoy array over time. When the buoys above water, the lines are brighter; when the buoys are under water, the lines are fainter. The ARGO buoys measure ocean salinity, column temperature, and current velocities. This version of the visualization uses a faster camera move than version #1 (animation 3204). || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 3204, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3204/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-28T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "ARGO Float Animation #1", "description": "This visualization shows the locations of the ARGO buoy array over time. When the buoys are above water, the lines are brighter; when the buoys are under water, the lines are fainter. The ARGO buoys measure ocean salinity, column temperature, and current velocities. This version of the visualization uses a slow camera move. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3351, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3351/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-04-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "MODIS Sea Surface Temperature around the Australian Continent", "description": "The earliest technique for measuring Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was dipping a thermometer into a bucket of water. The first automated technique for determining SST was accomplished by measuring the temperature of water in the intake port of large ships. A large network of coastal buoys in U.S. waters is maintained by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Since about 1990, there has also been an extensive array of moored buoys maintained across the equatorial Pacific Ocean designed to help monitor and predict the El Niño phenomenon. Since the 1980s satellites have been increasingly utilized to measure SST and have provided an enormous leap in our ability to view the spatial and temporal variation in SST. The satellite measured SST provides both a synoptic view of the ocean and a high frequency of repeat views, allowing the examination of basin-wide upper ocean dynamics not possible with ships or buoys. For example, a ship traveling at 10 knots (20 km/h) would require 10 years to cover the same area a satellite covers in two minutes.This animation uses SST data taken at nighttime from the MODIS/Aqua and MODIS/Terra satellites. This data has many important applications that permit scientists to use ocean temperatures to observe ocean circulation and locate major ocean currents. Ocean current analysis can facilitate ocean transportation. Additionally, by using SST, scientists can monitor changes in ocean temperatures and relate these to weather and climate changes like coral bleaching around the Great Barrier Reef. Finally, the SST changes have many important biological implications for hospitable/inhospitable conditions for many organisms including species of plankton, seagrasses, shellfish, fish, coral, and mammals. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 552, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/552/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "1999-01-21T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "The 1997-98 El Niño", "description": "El Niño, a periodic warming of the Eastern Pacific Ocean, is among Earth's most powerful phenomena. Satellite, ship, and buoy observations show the 1997-98 event as the strongest on record. Visualizing how sea-surface height, sea-surface temperature, and sea-surface winds differ from normal conditions reveals the event's magnitude. || ", "hits": 158 }, { "id": 231, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/231/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "1998-06-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "TAO-TRITON Array: Multi-animations of Buoy Locations", "description": "This series of animations was developed for a PBS NOVA episode on El Niño/La Niña. || A series of animations showing the locations of the bouys in the TAO-TRITON array. || a000231.00025_print.png (720x480) [423.0 KB] || a000231_thm.png (80x40) [5.3 KB] || a000231_pre.jpg (320x238) [7.5 KB] || a000231_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [50.8 KB] || a000231.webmhd.webm (960x540) [48.1 MB] || a000231.dv (720x480) [1.2 GB] || a000231.mp4 (640x480) [70.0 MB] || a000231.mpg (352x240) [43.1 MB] || ", "hits": 26 } ] }