{
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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 11471,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11471/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-04-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Wild, Wild Winds",
            "description": "Powerful winds whip around Earth, affecting the planet's weather and climate. Such winds make up the Northern Hemisphere’s polar and subtropical jet stream. Undulating in the sky miles above the surface, these rapidly moving air currents flow eastward like rivers in the atmosphere. The polar jet stream travels in the mid-latitudes while the subtropical jet stream passes near the tropics. Sometimes the jets converge or park above a region. In summer 2010, the polar jet stream shifted north and lingered for more than two months over Eurasia. A stationary high-pressure area developed as a result that disrupted the normal movement of weather systems. This contributed to extreme drought in Russia and devastating floods in Pakistan. Watch the video to see a NASA visualization that shows the motions of winds above Europe and Asia during these events. || ",
            "hits": 110
        },
        {
            "id": 10912,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10912/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-02-02T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Uncovering Winter's Mystery Recap",
            "description": "This is a recap of the satellite media tour \"NASA Uncovers Winter's Mystery,\" featuring Tom Wagner and Gail Skofronick-Jackson. || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 3903,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3903/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-01-31T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Modeled Precipitation Difference Between 2010 Snowmageddon Event and Winter of 2000",
            "description": "Three major snowstorms hit the east coast of the United States in the winter of 2009-2010. Scientists then posed the following question: What was the role of climate variability during this extreme winter? Utilizing high end computing resources at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, scientists employed the use of the GEOS-5 atmospheric model in an ensemble of simulations to answer this question. Two case studies were produced. One was the winter of 2009-2010 and the other was the same months during the winter of 1999-2000. 50 member ensembles of high resolution simulations were run (each 3-months long beginning on December 1st for each winter).The resulting findings were that GEOS-5 simulations forced with observed Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) reproduce observed changes, including enhanced storminess along the United States east coast. The ensemble members showed that this is a robust response, and verified that anomalous weather events over the U.S. are, to a large extent, driven by El Niño SST. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST contributes to the coolor (snow-producing) temperatures along the U.S. east coast.By subtracting the results of the 1999-2000 runs from the 2009-2010 a difference map can be generated showing the areas that received more precipitation and areas that received less precipitation. Areas that received more precipitation in 2009-2010 over 1999-2000 are depicted in shades of green. Areas that received less precipitation between these two winters are depicted in shades of brown. || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 10855,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10855/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-12-01T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Too Little, Too Much",
            "description": "An extreme lack of rainfall over much of the United States in 1988 caused greater crop losses than any disaster in U.S. history, killed livestock and led to massive fires in Yellowstone National Park. Five years later, excessive rainfall in the summer of 1993 left rivers swollen, farm fields flooded and towns from the Dakotas to Missouri underwater. Like they did with wind patterns over the United States in these same two devastating years (see previous story, \"Recreating The Wind\"), NASA scientists used a comprehensive dataset called MERRA to compare the extreme precipitation differences in 1988 and 1993. In 1988, a region of high pressure sat over the middle of the country for much of the summer and blocked the usual arrival of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico. In contrast, the typical transport of moisture to the U.S. from the Gulf of Mexico intensified greatly five years later, among other factors. Some cities in 1988 did not see rain for close to two months. Others in 1993 remained flooded for five months or more. In these visualizations of total rainfall from each year, watch as drastic differences between the two seasons unfold from May 1 to July 31 in each year. || ",
            "hits": 28
        },
        {
            "id": 10856,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10856/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-11-29T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Recreating The Wind",
            "description": "The summer of 1988 saw much of the United States bake in a heat wave that resulted in the worst season of drought since the 1930s. Five years later in 1993, drenching rains in the spring and summer caused historic flooding in Midwest states. A complex combination of weather and climate factors gave rise to these opposing catastrophes. To better understand these events scientists used an integrated record of Earth's weather and climate over the past three decades that combines computer modeling with a broad collection of satellite and meteorological observations. This dataset, called the Modern Era Retrospective-Analysis for Research and Applications (MERRA), allows scientists to pinpoint the unique conditions behind the 1988 drought and 1993 floods. The pattern of air circulation over the middle of the country in 1988 blocked the typical movement of moisture from the Gulf of Mexico northward. Conversely, 1993 saw an extreme intensification of winds pushing rain clouds north from the Gulf of Mexico. In the visualizations below, look for the differences in this recreation of wind patterns over the United States from May 1 to July 31 in 1988 and 1993. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 3826,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3826/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-05-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NCCS Hyperwall Show: Attribution of February 2010 East Coast Snowstorms",
            "description": "Three major snowstorms hit the east coast of the United States in the winter of 2009-2010. Scientists then posed the following question: What was the role of climate variability during this extreme winter? Utilizing high end computing resources at the NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center, scientists employed the use of the GEOS-5 atmospheric model in an ensemble of simulations to answer this question. Two case studies were produced. One was the winter of 2009-2010 and the other was the same months during the winter of 1999-2000. 50 member ensembles of high resolution simulations were run (each 3-months long beginning on December 1st for each winter).The resulting findings were that GEOS-5 simulations forced with observed Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) reproduce observed changes, including enhanced storminess along the United States east coast. The ensemble members showed that this is a robust response, and verified that anomalous weather events over the U.S. are, to a large extent, driven by El Niño SST. Furthermore, North Atlantic SST contributes to the coolor (snow-producing) temperatures along the U.S. east coast. || ",
            "hits": 37
        },
        {
            "id": 3719,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3719/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MERRA Specific Humidity",
            "description": "Retrospective-analyses (or reanalyses) have been a critical tool in studying weather and climate variability for the last 15 years. Reanalyses blend the continuity and breadth of output data of a numerical model with the constraint of vast quantities of observational data. The result is a long-term continuous data record. The Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications was developed to support NASA's Earth science objectives, by applying the state-of-the-art GMAO data assimilation system that includes many modern observing systems (such as EOS) in a climate framework.The MERRA time period covers the modern era of remotely sensed data, from 1979 through the present, and the special focus of the atmospheric assimilation is the hydrological cycle.The time period covered by the visualization is the months of May, June, and July of 1988 and 1993, two years with contrasting extreme weather events during the summer: a drought through the midwestern states of the US in 1988, and heavy rains and flooding through the same region in 1993.This visualization shows the specific humidity dataset produced by MERRA, up to a geopotential height of 20 km. The height coordinate is greatly exaggerated. Both opacity and color are driven by the data value.This animation was created as part of a presentation for the Nasa Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall display. This is a set of tiled high definition displays consisting of 5 displays across by 3 displays down. The full resolution of all combined displays is 6840 pixels accross by 2304 pixels down. For the full presentation, see the link below. || ",
            "hits": 39
        },
        {
            "id": 3732,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3732/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MERRA Relative Humidity",
            "description": "Retrospective-analyses (or reanalyses) have been a critical tool in studying weather and climate variability for the last 15 years. Reanalyses blend the continuity and breadth of output data of a numerical model with the constraint of vast quantities of observational data. The result is a long-term continuous data record. The Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications was developed to support NASA's Earth science objectives, by applying the state-of-the-art GMAO data assimilation system that includes many modern observing systems (such as EOS) in a climate framework.The MERRA time period covers the modern era of remotely sensed data, from 1979 through the present, and the special focus of the atmospheric assimilation is the hydrological cycle.The time period covered by the visualization is the months of May, June, and July of 1988 and 1993, two years with contrasting extreme weather events during the summer: a drought through the midwestern states of the US in 1988, and heavy rains and flooding through the same region in 1993.This visualization shows the relative humidity dataset produced by MERRA, up to a geopotential height of 20 km. The height coordinate is greatly exaggerated. Both opacity and color are driven by the data value.This animation was created as part of a presentation for the Nasa Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall display. This is a set of tiled high definition displays consisting of 5 displays across by 3 displays down. The full resolution of all combined displays is 6840 pixels accross by 2304 pixels down. For the full presentation, see the link below. || ",
            "hits": 62
        },
        {
            "id": 3733,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3733/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MERRA Wind",
            "description": "Retrospective-analyses (or reanalyses) have been a critical tool in studying weather and climate variability for the last 15 years. Reanalyses blend the continuity and breadth of output data of a numerical model with the constraint of vast quantities of observational data. The result is a long-term continuous data record. The Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications was developed to support NASA's Earth science objectives, by applying the state-of-the-art GMAO data assimilation system that includes many modern observing systems (such as EOS) in a climate framework.The MERRA time period covers the modern era of remotely sensed data, from 1979 through the present, and the special focus of the atmospheric assimilation is the hydrological cycle.The time period covered by the visualization is the months of May, June, and July of 1988 and 1993, two years with contrasting extreme weather events during the summer: a drought through the midwestern states of the US in 1988, and heavy rains and flooding through the same region in 1993.This visualization shows the combined U and V components of wind at three different pressure levels: 850 mb, 500 mb, and 300 mb. The pressure coordinate is greatly exaggerated.This animation was created as part of a presentation for the Nasa Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall display. This is a set of tiled high definition displays consisting of 5 displays across by 3 displays down. The full resolution of all combined displays is 6840 pixels accross by 2304 pixels down. For the full presentation, see the link below. || ",
            "hits": 47
        },
        {
            "id": 3734,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3734/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MERRA Combined Liquid Water and Ice Mixing Ratios",
            "description": "Retrospective-analyses (or reanalyses) have been a critical tool in studying weather and climate variability for the last 15 years. Reanalyses blend the continuity and breadth of output data of a numerical model with the constraint of vast quantities of observational data. The result is a long-term continuous data record. The Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications was developed to support NASA's Earth science objectives, by applying the state-of-the-art GMAO data assimilation system that includes many modern observing systems (such as EOS) in a climate framework.The MERRA time period covers the modern era of remotely sensed data, from 1979 through the present, and the special focus of the atmospheric assimilation is the hydrological cycle.The time period covered by the visualization is the months of May, June, and July of 1988 and 1993, two years with contrasting extreme weather events during the summer: a drought through the midwestern states of the US in 1988, and heavy rains and flooding through the same region in 1993.This visualization shows the combined liquid water and ice mixing ratio dataset produced by MERRA, roughly corresponding to cloud cover, up to an geopotential height of 20 km. The height coordinate is greatly exaggerated. Both opacity and color are driven by the data value.This animation was created as part of a presentation for the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall display. This is a set of tiled high definition displays consisting of 5 displays across by 3 displays down. The full resolution of all combined displays is 6840 pixels accross by 2304 pixels down. For the full presentation, see the link below. || ",
            "hits": 37
        },
        {
            "id": 3735,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3735/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MERRA Rate of Total Precipitation, 1988, 1993",
            "description": "Retrospective-analyses (or reanalyses) have been a critical tool in studying weather and climate variability for the last 15 years. Reanalyses blend the continuity and breadth of output data of a numerical model with the constraint of vast quantities of observational data. The result is a long-term continuous data record. The Modern Era Retrospective-analysis for Research and Applications was developed to support NASA's Earth science objectives, by applying the state-of-the-art GMAO data assimilation system that includes many modern observing systems (such as EOS) in a climate framework.The MERRA time period covers the modern era of remotely sensed data, from 1979 through the present, and the special focus of the atmospheric assimilation is the hydrological cycle.The time period covered by the visualization is the months of May, June, and July of 1988 and 1993, two years with contrasting extreme weather events during the summer: a drought through the midwestern states of the US in 1988, and heavy rains and flooding through the same region in 1993.This visualization shows the total precipitation rate dataset produced by MERRA.This animation was created as part of a presentation for the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall display. This is a set of tiled high definition displays consisting of 5 displays across by 3 displays down. The full resolution of all combined displays is 6840 pixels accross by 2304 pixels down. For the full presentation, see the link below. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 20030,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20030/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought",
            "description": "Abnormal sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean played a strong role in the 1930s dust bowl drought. Scientists used SST data acquired from old ship records to create starting conditions for the computer models. They let the model run on its own, driven only by the observed monthly global sea surface temperatures. The model was able to reconstruct the Dust Bowl drought quite closely, providing strong evidence that the Great Plains dry spell originated with abnormal sea surface temperatures. This sequence shows the warmer than normal SST (red-orange) in that the Atlantic Ocean and colder than normal SST (blues) in the Pacific Ocean, followed by a low level jet stream that shifted and weakened reducing the normal supply of moisture to the Great Plains. || ",
            "hits": 29
        },
        {
            "id": 20031,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20031/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought",
            "description": "This illustration shows how cooler than normal tropical Pacific Ocean temperatures (blues) and warmer than normal tropical Atlantic Ocean temperatures (red and orange) contributed to a weakened low level jet stream and changed its course. The jet stream normally flows westward over the Gulf of Mexico and then turns northward pulling up moisture and dumping rain onto the Great Plains. During the 1930s, this low level jet stream weakened, carrying less moisture, and shifted further south. The Great Plains land dried up and dust storms blew across the U.S. || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 20032,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20032/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought",
            "description": "This animation illustrates the dust storm caused by the drought in the 1930's. || ",
            "hits": 29
        }
    ]
}