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            "id": 5395,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5395/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-10-04T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2024, With Graph",
            "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum area 1979-2024, with graph || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024.1350_print.jpg (1024x576) [191.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024.1350_searchweb.png (320x180) [79.9 KB] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024.1350_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [34.4 MB] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024 [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024_3240p30_h265.mp4 (5760x3240) [97.5 MB] || sea_ice_min_SSMI_2024_3240p30_h265.mp4.hwshow [200 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 831
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            "id": 5170,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5170/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2023-10-02T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2023, With Graph",
            "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum area 1979-2023, with graph || sea_ice_min_w_graph_4k_2023.1280_print.jpg (1024x576) [181.7 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_4k_2023.1280_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.6 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_4k_2023.1280_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_4k_2023 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2023_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [92.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 359
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            "id": 5036,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5036/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2022-09-27T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2022, With Graph",
            "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum area 1979-2022, with graph || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022.1199_print.jpg (576x1024) [188.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_area-w_graph_2022_print_res.png (5760x3240) [14.2 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022.1199_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [34.1 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_HW (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [14.9 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [98.3 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph_2022_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [236 bytes] || ",
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            "id": 5002,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5002/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2022-05-05T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area 1979-2022",
            "description": "Arctic sea ice minimum 1979-2021, with graph || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_print.jpg (1024x576) [180.1 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_searchweb.png (180x320) [80.4 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021.1349_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [33.7 MB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.5 MB] || sea_ice_min_w_graph (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [89.2 MB] || sea_min_w_graph_2021_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 71
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            "id": 4867,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4867/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2020-10-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2020 with Area Graph",
            "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2020, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print.jpg (1024x576) [173.8 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.5 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1299_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || sea_ice_w_graph_2020 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.4 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.2 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [206 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 121
        },
        {
            "id": 4786,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4786/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2020-01-10T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019 with Area Graph",
            "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2019, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1200_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.2 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || minimum_with_graph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.2 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 48
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        {
            "id": 4684,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4684/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2018-09-27T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "AMSR2 2018 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent",
            "description": "Animation of Maximum to Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent, 2018, with 30-Year Average || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_web.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_exent_w_avg (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [30.8 MB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 48
        },
        {
            "id": 4686,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4686/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2018-09-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2018 with Area Graph",
            "description": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Area, With Graph || sea_ice_minimum.1200_print.jpg (1024x576) [145.7 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || sea_ice_minimum.1200_web.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || min_w_graph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.0 MB] || sea_ice_minimum_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 4592,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4592/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-10-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2017 (SSMI data)",
            "description": "The annual minimum Arctic sea ice from 1979-2017. || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_print.jpg (1024x576) [141.0 KB] || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || nodates (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || no_dates_20fps (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || nodates_seaIce_20framesPerYear_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.3 MB] || nodates_seaIce_20framesPerYear_HD_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 43
        },
        {
            "id": 4573,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4573/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-05-31T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2016 with Area Graph",
            "description": "A visualization of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice from 1979 to 2016 with a graph overlay.  (fast playback)This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_2016_p30.0568_print.jpg (1024x576) [168.2 KB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.6 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.webmhd.webm (1080x606) [1.8 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [7.1 MB] || seaIce_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [196 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 4521,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4521/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-05-30T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Image of the Arctic Sea ice - September 10, 2016",
            "description": "An image of the Arctic sea ice on September 6, 2016 with the 30-year average minimum extent indicated by a yellow line. || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_print.jpg (1024x1024) [192.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_medium.tif (1800x1800) [16.9 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small.tif (1200x1200) [7.7 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_layered3.psd (3600x3600) [163.0 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_layered_large.tif (3600x3600) [495.9 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat.tif (3600x3600) [60.0 MB] || ",
            "hits": 53
        },
        {
            "id": 12480,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12480/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2017-04-10T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Shrinking Sea Ice",
            "description": "A combination of warmer-than-average temperatures, winds unfavorable to ice expansion, and a series of storms halted Arctic sea ice growth. || NPseaIce_MIN2016_til_Mar2017.8218_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [148.2 KB] || NPseaIce_MIN2016_til_Mar2017.8218_print.jpg (1024x576) [161.6 KB] || NPseaIce_MIN2016_til_Mar2017.8218_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || NPseaIce_MIN2016_til_Mar2017.8218_1024x576_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.8 KB] || NPseaIce_MIN2016_til_Mar2017.8218.tif (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 4562,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4562/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Minimum Antarctic Sea Ice 2017",
            "description": "This movie begins at the 2016 Antarctic maximum on August 31, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Antarctic minimum on March 3, 2017.  The 2017 minimum had only 2.1 million square kilometers of sea ice extent below the previous lowest minimum extext in the satellite record that occurred in 1997. || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_print.jpg (1024x576) [44.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_searchweb.png (320x180) [39.9 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591.tif (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 46
        },
        {
            "id": 4564,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4564/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from Arctic Minimum 2016 to Arctic Maximum 2017",
            "description": "This movie begins at Arctic Minimum on September 10, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Arctic maximum on March 7, 2017.  The 2017 Arctic maximum was 14.42 million square kilometers (5.57 million square miles). The average maximum (1981-2010) is 15.64 million square kilometers. || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.7 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.8 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.9 MB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218.tif (3840x2160) [10.4 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [210 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 12192,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12192/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-04-05T12:20:54-04:00",
            "title": "Sea Ice Growth Slows In Arctic",
            "description": "Arctic sea ice was at a record low wintertime maximum extent for the second straight year. || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [160.0 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [217.1 KB] || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [329.5 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [166.1 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.4 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [84.4 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [19.9 KB] || ",
            "hits": 13
        },
        {
            "id": 4440,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4440/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-03-28T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2016",
            "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from September 7th, 2015 through March 24th, 2016 with datesThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_sea_ice_2016.1499_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.4 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.0 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_p30_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [58.3 MB] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_2160p30x2.mp4 (3840x2160) [99.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 4435,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4435/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-03-10T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2015 with Area Graph",
            "description": "An animation of the annual Arctic sea ice minimum with a graph overlay showing the area of the minimum sea ice in millions of square kilometers.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_print.jpg (1024x576) [160.4 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.5 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.5 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.9 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [66.3 MB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 316
        },
        {
            "id": 12032,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12032/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-10-27T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Sea Ice Update",
            "description": "This year’s Antarctic sea ice maximum extent is the lowest since 2008. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [234.6 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [161.1 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [118.4 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.0 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.7 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [73.7 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [17.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 43
        },
        {
            "id": 4368,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4368/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2015",
            "description": "Above is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on October 6, 2015, the day on which it reached its annual maximum extent.  The date is also displayed. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_print.jpg (1024x576) [78.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.9 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_1080p_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (1920x1080) [2.0 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Print_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (5760x3240) [15.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 49
        },
        {
            "id": 11932,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11932/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-09-17T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Evolving Arctic",
            "description": "A NASA analysis of satellite data reveals the 2015 Arctic sea ice minimum extent is one of the lowest on record. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [415.1 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [278.6 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [199.6 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [210.9 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [109.5 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [109.5 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [22.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 22
        },
        {
            "id": 4355,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4355/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "AMSR2 2015 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent",
            "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from February 25, 2015 to September 11, 2015, when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.2 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.8 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.6 MB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [2.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 4301,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4301/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-04-08T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2014 with Area Graph",
            "description": "This animation shows the annual Arctic sea ice  minimum with a graph overlay that depicts the area of the sea ice in millions of square kilometers. || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_print.jpg (1024x576) [129.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_searchweb.png (180x320) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_web.png (320x180) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_thm.png (80x40) [9.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [7.5 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.4 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.key [22.3 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.pptx [19.7 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [242 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 11815,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11815/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-03-19T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Instagram: 2015 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Extent Is Lowest On Record",
            "description": "The sea ice cap of the Arctic appeared to reach its annual maximum winter extent on February 25, according to data from the NASA-supported National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado, Boulder. At 5.61 million square miles (14.54 million square kilometers), this year’s maximum extent was the smallest on the satellite record and also one of the earliest.Arctic sea ice, frozen seawater floating on top of the Arctic Ocean and its neighboring seas, is in constant change: it grows in the fall and winter, reaching its annual maximum between late February and early April, and then it shrinks in the spring and summer until it hits its annual minimum extent in September. The past decades have seen a downward trend in Arctic sea ice extent during both the growing and melting season, though the decline is steeper in the latter.This year’s maximum was reached 15 days earlier than the 1981 to 2010 average date of March 12, according to NSIDC. Only in 1996 did it occur earlier, on February 24. However, the sun is just beginning to rise on the Arctic Ocean and a late spurt of ice growth is still possible, though unlikely.If the maximum were to remain at 5.61 million square miles, it would be 50,000 square miles below the previous lowest wintertime extent, reached in 2011 at 5.66 million square miles — in percentages, that’s less than a 1 percent difference between the two record low maximums. In comparison, the swings between record lows for the Arctic summertime minimum extent have been much wider: the lowest minimum extent on record, in 2012, was 1.31 million square miles, about 300,000 square miles, or 18.6 percent smaller than the previous record low one, which happened in 2007 and clocked at 1.61 million square miles.A record low sea ice maximum extent does not necessarily lead to a record low summertime minimum extent.“The winter maximum gives you a head start, but the minimum is so much more dependent on what happens in the summer that it seems to wash out anything that happens in the winter,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “If the summer is cool, the melt rate will slow down. And the opposite is true, too: even if you start from a fairly high point, warm summer conditions make ice melt fast. This was highlighted by 2012, when we had one of the later maximums on record and extent was near-normal early in the melt season, but still the 2012 minimum was by far the lowest minimum we’ve seen.”The main player in the wintertime maximum extent is the seasonal ice at the edges of the ice pack. This type of ice is thin and at the mercy of which direction the wind blows: warm winds from the south compact the ice northward and also bring heat that makes the ice melt, while cold winds from the north allow more sea ice to form and spread the ice edge southward.“Scientifically, the yearly maximum extent is not as interesting as the minimum. It is highly influenced by weather and we’re looking at the loss of thin, seasonal ice that is going to melt anyway in the summer and won’t become part of the permanent ice cover,” Meier said. “With the summertime minimum, when the extent decreases it’s because we’re losing the thick ice component, and that is a better indicator of warming temperatures.” || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 4281,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4281/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-03-19T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2015",
            "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from October 1, 2014 to February 25, 2015 when the ice reached its maximum annual extent.  The 2015 maximum is then compared to the average 1979-2014 maximum shown in yellow.  A distance indicator shows the difference between the two in the Sea of Okhotsk north of Japan. || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_searchweb.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_web.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.mp4 (1280x720) [9.9 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ",
            "hits": 36
        },
        {
            "id": 11814,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11814/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2015-03-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA On Air: 2015 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Annual Extent Is Lowest On Record (3/18/2015)",
            "description": "LEAD: Scientists say the 2015 Arctic sea ice maximum annual extent is lowest on record.1. Observations from the NASA–supported National Snow and Ice Data Center indicate the winter sea ice has peaked at 5.6 million square miles, less than twice the size of the U.S.2. The main player inhibiting growth are the warm winds from the south that compact the ice northward and also bring warm air that melts the ice.3. The end of the winter ice growth season came two weeks earlier compared to the 1981 to 2010 average date.TAG: The past decades have seen a downward trend in Arctic sea ice during the winter and summer, although, the trend is decreasing faster for the summer melt. || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_print.jpg (1024x576) [139.7 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_web.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_WEA_CEN.wmv (1280x720) [8.1 MB] || WC_ASIM_.avi (1280x720) [10.6 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_baron.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.5 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.m4v (960x540) [38.8 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [64.1 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [125.3 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.m4v (1920x1080) [125.3 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_prores.mov (1920x1080) [463.9 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [564.0 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [672.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 4219,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4219/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-10-07T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2014",
            "description": "In this animation we see the Antarctic sea ice expansion from March, 21, 2014 through September 19, 2014, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. Over the water, the opacity of the sea ice is determined by a running 3-day maximum of the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || ",
            "hits": 36
        },
        {
            "id": 11654,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11654/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-09-22T06:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Reaches 2014 Minimum Extent",
            "description": "Sea ice acts as an air conditioner for the planet, reflecting energy from the Sun. On September 17, the Arctic Sea ice reached its minimum extent for 2014  — at 1.94 million square miles (5.02 million square kilometers), it’s the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record.  With warmer temperatures and thinner, less resilient ice, the Arctic sea ice is on a downward trend.Here is the YouTube video. || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 4131,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4131/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-01-24T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2013 with Area Graph",
            "description": "Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice since 1979. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather begins to cause ice cover to increase. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and sea ice area. This graph displays the area of the minimum sea ice coverage each year from 1979 through 2013. In 2013, the Arctic minimum sea ice covered an area of 4.704 million square kilometers. This visualization shows the expanse of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice for each year from 1979 to 2013 as derived from SSMI data. A semi-transparent graph overlay shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The date shown in the upper right corner indicates the current year being displayed. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 11235,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11235/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-04-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sea Ice Update",
            "description": "The cap of floating sea ice that covers the Arctic Ocean melted in the summer of 2012 to its smallest size in nearly 35 years of satellite observations. But as frigid fall and winter temperatures swept over the region, the Arctic seas refroze and the dynamic mass of ice grew again toward its annual peak, reaching it on February 28, 2013. These two seasonal milestones—the Arctic sea ice minimum and maximum—are closely watched by NASA scientists and used as benchmarks of climate change. While the drastic shrinking of the minimum has gained attention in recent years, the maximum has also declined in size but at a slower rate. Still, nine of the 10 smallest maximums in the satellite era occurred in the past decade, with the 2013 maximum ranking as the fifth smallest since 1978. Watch the visualization to see satellite observations of Arctic sea ice from March 2012 through February 2013. || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 4052,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4052/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-04-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from March 2012 to February 2013",
            "description": "This animation shows the seasonal change in the extent of the Arctic sea ice between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. The annual cycle starts with the maximum extent reached on March 15, 2012. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to its minimum extent before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This new ice generated on an annual basis is called \"first-year\" ice and is thinner than the older sea ice. The perennial ice is the portion of the ice cap that spans multiple years and represents its thickest component. On September 13, 2012, the sea ice minimum covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The annual maximum extent for 2013 reached on February 28 reached an extent of 15.09 million square kilometers. || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 11082,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11082/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-09-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Slicing And Dicing",
            "description": "An unusually strong storm formed off the coast of Alaska on August 5, 2012, and pushed into the center of the Arctic Ocean. The spiraling cyclone was intense by Arctic summer standards, but it caught NASA scientists' attention for a different reason. As the storm raked over the floating sea ice, it severed an enormous chunk from the primary mass of the ice cap. Once separated the freed ice melted faster. This accelerated rate of ice loss might have contributed to the new record low that Arctic sea ice reached on September 16, 2012. Scientists said that while the storm itself wasn't extraordinary, the long-term weakening of the sea ice makes a storm of this size far more impactful than it would have been several decades ago. The visualization, based on wind and sea ice satellite data, shows how the storm parted the ice in its path. || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 11081,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11081/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-09-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Vanishing",
            "description": "On September 16, 2012, sea ice in the Arctic reached a new record low, covering less area than at any point in the three decades of satellite records. Arctic sea ice melts each spring and summer, reaching its minimum size in mid-September. During the fall and winter months the ice returns, beginning a new freeze-thaw cycle. However, as ocean and surface temperatures in the Arctic have increased in recent decades, analysis by NASA scientists has shown the area of the annual sea ice minimum is declining even faster than climate models predicted. What's worse is that this trend has shown no sign of letting up. The visualization shows satellite measurements of the Arctic sea ice minimum each year from 1979 to 2012, a period in which the area of the minimum shrunk by half. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 3991,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3991/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2012 (SSMI data) with Graph",
            "description": "The continued significant reduction in the area covered by the summer sea ice is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows the annual September minimum sea ice area in the background and a graph of the ice area values foreground. The ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2012. A semi-transparent graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The '1979', '2007', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph.For high resolution still images of the 1979 and 2012 September sea ice minimum, see visualization #3998. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 3992,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3992/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Daily Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012 with Winds",
            "description": "Early in the month of August, 2012, storms in the Arctic affected the motion of the sea ice north of Siberia and Alaska. This animation shows the motion of the winds over the Arctic in conjunction with seasonal melting of the Arctic sea ice from August 1 through September 13, 2012, when the NASA scientists determined that the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. The surface winds, shown my moving arrows, are colored by the velocity. Slower winds are shown in blue, medium in green and the fast winds are shown in red.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 3997,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3997/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012",
            "description": "This animation shows the Arctic sea ice melt from August 1 through September 13, 2012, the date on which the ice reached its smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This year the area covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The size of this annual minimum remains in a long-term decline.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ",
            "hits": 22
        },
        {
            "id": 3998,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3998/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "September Arctic Minimum Arctic Sea Ice 2012",
            "description": "These images show the Arctic sea ice in September 2012 when it reached the smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC). Scientists at the NSIDC who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average identified September 16 as the lowest day. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th, although there is little difference between the two days. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This year, according to NASA scientists, the area covered 3.439 million square kilometers, down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline.The sea ice has a slightly different coloration in the last three groups of images below.  In the first four groups, the color of the sea ice has a pale blue tint.  In the final three groups, the sea ice is shown in white. || ",
            "hits": 126
        },
        {
            "id": 3977,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3977/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-08-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice on August 26, 2012",
            "description": "This visualization shows the extent of Arctic sea ice on Aug. 26, 2012, the day the sea ice dipped to its smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline. The extent on Aug. 26. 2012 broke the previous record set on Sept. 18, 2007. But the 2012 melt season could still continue for several weeks. || ",
            "hits": 34
        },
        {
            "id": 3802,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3802/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-11-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2010 (SSMI data)",
            "description": "The continued significant reduction in the extent of the summer sea ice cover is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the extent of the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows ice extent in the background and ice area in the foreground. Ice extent is defined here as the integrated sum of the areas of data elements (pixels) with at least 15% ice concentration while ice area is the integrated sum of the products of the area of each pixel and the corresponding ice concentration. Ice extent provides information about how far south (or north) the ice extends in winter and how far north (or south) it retreats toward the continent in the summer while the ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008 In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice flows. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade.This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2010. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The 1979, 2007, and 2010 data points are highlighted on the graph. || ",
            "hits": 60
        }
    ]
}