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(fast playback)This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_2016_p30.0568_print.jpg (1024x576) [168.2 KB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.6 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.webmhd.webm (1080x606) [1.8 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [7.1 MB] || seaIce_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [196 bytes] || ", "hits": 51 }, { "id": 4521, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4521/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-05-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Image of the Arctic Sea ice - September 10, 2016", "description": "An image of the Arctic sea ice on September 6, 2016 with the 30-year average minimum extent indicated by a yellow line. || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_print.jpg (1024x1024) [192.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_medium.tif (1800x1800) [16.9 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat_small.tif (1200x1200) [7.7 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_layered3.psd (3600x3600) [163.0 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_layered_large.tif (3600x3600) [495.9 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sept_10_2016_flat.tif (3600x3600) [60.0 MB] || ", "hits": 156 }, { "id": 12192, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12192/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-04-05T12:20:54-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Growth Slows In Arctic", "description": "Arctic sea ice was at a record low wintertime maximum extent for the second straight year. || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [160.0 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [217.1 KB] || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [329.5 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [166.1 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.4 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [84.4 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [19.9 KB] || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 4440, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4440/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-03-28T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2016", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from September 7th, 2015 through March 24th, 2016 with datesThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_sea_ice_2016.1499_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.4 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.0 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_p30_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [58.3 MB] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_2160p30x2.mp4 (3840x2160) [99.4 MB] || ", "hits": 85 }, { "id": 4435, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4435/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-03-10T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2015 with Area Graph", "description": "An animation of the annual Arctic sea ice minimum with a graph overlay showing the area of the minimum sea ice in millions of square kilometers.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_print.jpg (1024x576) [160.4 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.5 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.5 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.9 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [66.3 MB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ", "hits": 296 }, { "id": 12032, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12032/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-10-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Sea Ice Update", "description": "This year’s Antarctic sea ice maximum extent is the lowest since 2008. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [234.6 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [161.1 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [118.4 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.0 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.7 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [73.7 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [17.0 KB] || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 4368, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4368/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2015", "description": "Above is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on October 6, 2015, the day on which it reached its annual maximum extent. The date is also displayed. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_print.jpg (1024x576) [78.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.9 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_1080p_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (1920x1080) [2.0 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Print_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (5760x3240) [15.1 MB] || ", "hits": 257 }, { "id": 11932, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11932/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-09-17T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Evolving Arctic", "description": "A NASA analysis of satellite data reveals the 2015 Arctic sea ice minimum extent is one of the lowest on record. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [415.1 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [278.6 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [199.6 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [210.9 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [109.5 KB] || c-1024_web.png (320x180) [109.5 KB] || c-1024_thm.png (80x40) [22.0 KB] || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 4355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4355/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-09-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 2015 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent", "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from February 25, 2015 to September 11, 2015, when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.2 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.8 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.6 MB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [2.6 MB] || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 11837, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11837/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-16T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "State of Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "This year’s Arctic sea ice maximum annual extent is the lowest on record. || c-1920.jpg (1920x1080) [416.5 KB] || c-1280.jpg (1280x720) [260.8 KB] || c-1024.jpg (1024x576) [180.8 KB] || c-1024_print.jpg (1024x576) [169.2 KB] || c-1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.4 KB] || c-1024_print_thm.png (80x40) [20.7 KB] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 4301, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4301/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-04-08T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2014 with Area Graph", "description": "This animation shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum with a graph overlay that depicts the area of the sea ice in millions of square kilometers. || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_print.jpg (1024x576) [129.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_searchweb.png (180x320) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_web.png (320x180) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_thm.png (80x40) [9.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [7.5 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.4 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.key [22.3 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.pptx [19.7 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [242 bytes] || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 11815, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11815/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-03-19T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Instagram: 2015 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Extent Is Lowest On Record", "description": "The sea ice cap of the Arctic appeared to reach its annual maximum winter extent on February 25, according to data from the NASA-supported National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) at the University of Colorado, Boulder. At 5.61 million square miles (14.54 million square kilometers), this year’s maximum extent was the smallest on the satellite record and also one of the earliest.Arctic sea ice, frozen seawater floating on top of the Arctic Ocean and its neighboring seas, is in constant change: it grows in the fall and winter, reaching its annual maximum between late February and early April, and then it shrinks in the spring and summer until it hits its annual minimum extent in September. The past decades have seen a downward trend in Arctic sea ice extent during both the growing and melting season, though the decline is steeper in the latter.This year’s maximum was reached 15 days earlier than the 1981 to 2010 average date of March 12, according to NSIDC. Only in 1996 did it occur earlier, on February 24. However, the sun is just beginning to rise on the Arctic Ocean and a late spurt of ice growth is still possible, though unlikely.If the maximum were to remain at 5.61 million square miles, it would be 50,000 square miles below the previous lowest wintertime extent, reached in 2011 at 5.66 million square miles — in percentages, that’s less than a 1 percent difference between the two record low maximums. In comparison, the swings between record lows for the Arctic summertime minimum extent have been much wider: the lowest minimum extent on record, in 2012, was 1.31 million square miles, about 300,000 square miles, or 18.6 percent smaller than the previous record low one, which happened in 2007 and clocked at 1.61 million square miles.A record low sea ice maximum extent does not necessarily lead to a record low summertime minimum extent.“The winter maximum gives you a head start, but the minimum is so much more dependent on what happens in the summer that it seems to wash out anything that happens in the winter,” said Walt Meier, a sea ice scientist at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland. “If the summer is cool, the melt rate will slow down. And the opposite is true, too: even if you start from a fairly high point, warm summer conditions make ice melt fast. This was highlighted by 2012, when we had one of the later maximums on record and extent was near-normal early in the melt season, but still the 2012 minimum was by far the lowest minimum we’ve seen.”The main player in the wintertime maximum extent is the seasonal ice at the edges of the ice pack. This type of ice is thin and at the mercy of which direction the wind blows: warm winds from the south compact the ice northward and also bring heat that makes the ice melt, while cold winds from the north allow more sea ice to form and spread the ice edge southward.“Scientifically, the yearly maximum extent is not as interesting as the minimum. It is highly influenced by weather and we’re looking at the loss of thin, seasonal ice that is going to melt anyway in the summer and won’t become part of the permanent ice cover,” Meier said. “With the summertime minimum, when the extent decreases it’s because we’re losing the thick ice component, and that is a better indicator of warming temperatures.” || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 4281, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4281/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-03-19T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2015", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from October 1, 2014 to February 25, 2015 when the ice reached its maximum annual extent. The 2015 maximum is then compared to the average 1979-2014 maximum shown in yellow. A distance indicator shows the difference between the two in the Sea of Okhotsk north of Japan. || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_searchweb.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_web.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.mp4 (1280x720) [9.9 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 11816, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11816/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-03-19T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Sets New Record Winter Low", "description": "This short video shows the bulk of the Arctic sea ice freeze cycle from October through this year’s apparent winter maximum on Feb. 25th. || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_youtube_hq_print.jpg (1024x576) [142.2 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_youtube_hq_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.0 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_youtube_hq_web.png (320x180) [88.0 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_youtube_hq_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [21.0 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_prores.mov (1280x720) [893.4 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_appletv.m4v (960x540) [22.8 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_appletv_subtitles.m4v (960x540) [22.8 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_nasaportal.mov (640x360) [18.9 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_720x480.wmv (720x480) [18.4 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_720x480.webm (720x480) [6.3 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Record.en_US.srt [1.2 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_max_2015_vo_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [4.4 MB] || ", "hits": 2621 }, { "id": 11814, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11814/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-03-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA On Air: 2015 Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Annual Extent Is Lowest On Record (3/18/2015)", "description": "LEAD: Scientists say the 2015 Arctic sea ice maximum annual extent is lowest on record.1. Observations from the NASA–supported National Snow and Ice Data Center indicate the winter sea ice has peaked at 5.6 million square miles, less than twice the size of the U.S.2. The main player inhibiting growth are the warm winds from the south that compact the ice northward and also bring warm air that melts the ice.3. The end of the winter ice growth season came two weeks earlier compared to the 1981 to 2010 average date.TAG: The past decades have seen a downward trend in Arctic sea ice during the winter and summer, although, the trend is decreasing faster for the summer melt. || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_print.jpg (1024x576) [139.7 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_web.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_WEA_CEN.wmv (1280x720) [8.1 MB] || WC_ASIM_.avi (1280x720) [10.6 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_baron.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.5 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.m4v (960x540) [38.8 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [64.1 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [125.3 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.m4v (1920x1080) [125.3 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_prores.mov (1920x1080) [463.9 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [564.0 MB] || WC_ArcticMax-1920-MASTER_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [672.4 MB] || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 4251, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4251/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-01-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "Multiyear Arctic Ice || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_print.jpg (1024x576) [119.3 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.9 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014 (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [23.8 MB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.webm (1920x1080) [9.2 MB] || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 4219, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4219/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-10-07T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "In this animation we see the Antarctic sea ice expansion from March, 21, 2014 through September 19, 2014, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. Over the water, the opacity of the sea ice is determined by a running 3-day maximum of the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 11654, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11654/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-09-22T06:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Reaches 2014 Minimum Extent", "description": "Sea ice acts as an air conditioner for the planet, reflecting energy from the Sun. On September 17, the Arctic Sea ice reached its minimum extent for 2014 — at 1.94 million square miles (5.02 million square kilometers), it’s the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record. With warmer temperatures and thinner, less resilient ice, the Arctic sea ice is on a downward trend.Here is the YouTube video. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 4131, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4131/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-24T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2013 with Area Graph", "description": "Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice since 1979. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather begins to cause ice cover to increase. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and sea ice area. This graph displays the area of the minimum sea ice coverage each year from 1979 through 2013. In 2013, the Arctic minimum sea ice covered an area of 4.704 million square kilometers. This visualization shows the expanse of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice for each year from 1979 to 2013 as derived from SSMI data. A semi-transparent graph overlay shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The date shown in the upper right corner indicates the current year being displayed. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3885, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3885/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-11-29T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Components of the Cryosphere", "description": "This high resolution image, designed for the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, shows the extent of the regions affected by components of the cryosphere around the world. Over land, continuous permafrost is shown in a dark pink while discontinuous permafrost is shown in a lighter shade of pink. Over much of the northern hemisphere's land area, a semi-transparent white veil depicts the regions that are affected by snowfall at least one day during the perion 2000-2012. The bright green line along the southern border of this region shows the maximum snow extent while a black line across the North America, Europe and Asia shows the 50% snow extent line. Glaciers are shown as small golden dots in mountainous areas and in the far northern and southern latitudes. Over the water, ice shelves are shown around Antarctica along with sea ice surrounding the ice shelves. Sea ice is also shown at the North Pole, where the 30 year average sea ice extent is shown by a yellow outline. In addition, the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica are clearly visible. || ", "hits": 105 }, { "id": 11364, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11364/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-09-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Retreat", "description": "Since 1979, satellites have continuously monitored the ice that covers the Arctic Ocean. This space-based view allows scientists to measure the extent of the sea ice and track year-round changes in its size. On September 13, 2013, Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent, covering 1.97 million square miles, or about half the total area of the United States. This is the sixth lowest extent on record, measuring 432,000 square miles less than the 30-year average calculated from 1981-2010. Sea ice forms in the Arctic when air and ocean temperatures are sufficiently cold for saltwater to freeze. As a result, growth takes place during the fall and winter months while melting occurs in spring and summer. Watch the video to see a visualization that shows changes to Arctic sea ice leading up to this year's minimum extent. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 4104, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4104/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-09-20T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "2013 Daily Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR2: May - September 2013", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In 2013, the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum of 5.1 million square kilometers on September 13, 2013 using a 5-day trailing average. NASA scientists independently determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent of 5.217 million square kilometers on September 12 using a 5-day running average. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through the minimum area of coverage for 2013. Two movies are provided: one stopping on September 12 and one that continues to September 13. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 11235, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11235/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2013-04-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Update", "description": "The cap of floating sea ice that covers the Arctic Ocean melted in the summer of 2012 to its smallest size in nearly 35 years of satellite observations. But as frigid fall and winter temperatures swept over the region, the Arctic seas refroze and the dynamic mass of ice grew again toward its annual peak, reaching it on February 28, 2013. These two seasonal milestones—the Arctic sea ice minimum and maximum—are closely watched by NASA scientists and used as benchmarks of climate change. While the drastic shrinking of the minimum has gained attention in recent years, the maximum has also declined in size but at a slower rate. Still, nine of the 10 smallest maximums in the satellite era occurred in the past decade, with the 2013 maximum ranking as the fifth smallest since 1978. Watch the visualization to see satellite observations of Arctic sea ice from March 2012 through February 2013. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 4052, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4052/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-04-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from March 2012 to February 2013", "description": "This animation shows the seasonal change in the extent of the Arctic sea ice between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. The annual cycle starts with the maximum extent reached on March 15, 2012. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to its minimum extent before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This new ice generated on an annual basis is called \"first-year\" ice and is thinner than the older sea ice. The perennial ice is the portion of the ice cap that spans multiple years and represents its thickest component. On September 13, 2012, the sea ice minimum covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The annual maximum extent for 2013 reached on February 28 reached an extent of 15.09 million square kilometers. || ", "hits": 49 }, { "id": 3813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3813/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice for the Dynamic Earth Dome Show", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. This animation first shows the advance and retreat of the Arctic sea ice followed by same for the Antarctic sea ice. The sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. The animation ends by flying over the Antarctic Peninsula.This was created for a planetarium dome show called Dynamic Earth and is produced in 'domemaster format'. The domemaster format was created by rendering 7 separate 2048x2048 camera tiles. The tiles were then stitched together to form final domemaster at 4096x4096 resolution. Both the tiles and the domemaster were rendered with 16 bits per channel with no gamma correction. Two domemaster layers were generated for this animation: the Earth showing sea ice advancing or retreating rendered with transparency and the star background without transparency.This visualization was shown in the \"VR Village\" at SIGGRAPH 2015. || ", "hits": 70 }, { "id": 11125, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11125/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-11-13T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Surrounded", "description": "The massive apron of sea ice that encircles Antarctica at the end of each winter has been steadily expanding. From 1978 to 2010, Antarctic sea ice has grown on average each year by an area about equal to the size of Connecticut. In October 2012 Antarctic sea ice covered a record 7.5 million square miles, more than twice the land area of the contiguous U.S. The sea ice around Antarctica melts almost completely each summer and then grows rapidly each winter. Scientists think a change in atmospheric circulation could be contributing to the ice growth. The continent's unsheltered coastline allows harsh winds to push the ice out into the ocean, and as these winds have strengthened in recent years sea ice has expanded. The visualization uses NASA satellite data to show how winter sea ice completely engulfs Antarctica. || ", "hits": 123 }, { "id": 11082, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11082/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Slicing And Dicing", "description": "An unusually strong storm formed off the coast of Alaska on August 5, 2012, and pushed into the center of the Arctic Ocean. The spiraling cyclone was intense by Arctic summer standards, but it caught NASA scientists' attention for a different reason. As the storm raked over the floating sea ice, it severed an enormous chunk from the primary mass of the ice cap. Once separated the freed ice melted faster. This accelerated rate of ice loss might have contributed to the new record low that Arctic sea ice reached on September 16, 2012. Scientists said that while the storm itself wasn't extraordinary, the long-term weakening of the sea ice makes a storm of this size far more impactful than it would have been several decades ago. The visualization, based on wind and sea ice satellite data, shows how the storm parted the ice in its path. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 11081, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11081/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-09-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Vanishing", "description": "On September 16, 2012, sea ice in the Arctic reached a new record low, covering less area than at any point in the three decades of satellite records. Arctic sea ice melts each spring and summer, reaching its minimum size in mid-September. During the fall and winter months the ice returns, beginning a new freeze-thaw cycle. However, as ocean and surface temperatures in the Arctic have increased in recent decades, analysis by NASA scientists has shown the area of the annual sea ice minimum is declining even faster than climate models predicted. What's worse is that this trend has shown no sign of letting up. The visualization shows satellite measurements of the Arctic sea ice minimum each year from 1979 to 2012, a period in which the area of the minimum shrunk by half. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 3991, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3991/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2012 (SSMI data) with Graph", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the area covered by the summer sea ice is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows the annual September minimum sea ice area in the background and a graph of the ice area values foreground. The ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2012. A semi-transparent graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The '1979', '2007', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph.For high resolution still images of the 1979 and 2012 September sea ice minimum, see visualization #3998. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 3992, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3992/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012 with Winds", "description": "Early in the month of August, 2012, storms in the Arctic affected the motion of the sea ice north of Siberia and Alaska. This animation shows the motion of the winds over the Arctic in conjunction with seasonal melting of the Arctic sea ice from August 1 through September 13, 2012, when the NASA scientists determined that the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. The surface winds, shown my moving arrows, are colored by the velocity. Slower winds are shown in blue, medium in green and the fast winds are shown in red.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3997, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3997/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012", "description": "This animation shows the Arctic sea ice melt from August 1 through September 13, 2012, the date on which the ice reached its smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This year the area covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The size of this annual minimum remains in a long-term decline.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3998, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3998/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "September Arctic Minimum Arctic Sea Ice 2012", "description": "These images show the Arctic sea ice in September 2012 when it reached the smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC). Scientists at the NSIDC who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average identified September 16 as the lowest day. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th, although there is little difference between the two days. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This year, according to NASA scientists, the area covered 3.439 million square kilometers, down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline.The sea ice has a slightly different coloration in the last three groups of images below. In the first four groups, the color of the sea ice has a pale blue tint. In the final three groups, the sea ice is shown in white. || ", "hits": 102 }, { "id": 3977, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3977/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-08-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice on August 26, 2012", "description": "This visualization shows the extent of Arctic sea ice on Aug. 26, 2012, the day the sea ice dipped to its smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline. The extent on Aug. 26. 2012 broke the previous record set on Sept. 18, 2007. But the 2012 melt season could still continue for several weeks. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 10919, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10919/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-03-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Long Thaw", "description": "As sea ice in the Arctic swells in winter and shrinks in summer, it gets pushed and pulled by winds, dynamic ocean currents and changing temperatures that continually morph its shape and size. But when scientists observe the Arctic on a longer time scale, the floating, frozen landscape in flux reveals a clear trend: The oldest and thickest sea ice in the Arctic is disappearing even faster than younger and thinner ice at the fringe of the polar ice cap. According to a new NASA study, the total area covered by hardened Arctic sea ice that has survived multiple summers is now declining at a rate of 17.2 percent per decade. What was once a sizable circular mass on top of the planet now looks more like a diminishing crescent, clinging to the coastline of Greenland and northern Canada. Watch the visualization below to witness how the Arctic's thickest sea ice has declined from 1980 to 2012. || ", "hits": 252 }, { "id": 3915, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3915/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-24T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.This visualization shows the perennial Arctic sea ice from 1980 to 2012. This is not the sea ice minimum, which occurs in September each year. This measures the perennial sea ice that survives the summer and thus exists for longer than a one-year time span. The measurement for this sea ice was taken during the months of November, December and January each year. The date assigned to the data point is the year of the last measurement (January). The grey disk at the North Pole indicates the region where no satellite data is collected. A graph overlay shows the area's size measured in million square kilometers for each year. The '1980','2008', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 233 }, { "id": 3916, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3916/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.These still images show a comparison of the perennial Arctic sea ice and the first-year sea ice in 1980, 2008 and 2012. The bright white central mass shows the perennial sea ice while the larger light blue area shows the full extent of the winter sea ice including the average annual sea ice during the months of November, December and January. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3893, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3893/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-12-02T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2011 (SSMI data)", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the area covered by the summer sea ice is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows the annual September minimum sea ice area in the background and a graph of the ice area values foreground. The ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2011. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The '1979','2007', and '2011' data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 3853, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3853/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 4, 2009 through January 30, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3854, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3854/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Antarctic sea ice progresses through time from May 26, 2009 through July 31, 2010. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. The Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA) is a data product funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and jointly produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). || ", "hits": 45 }, { "id": 3824, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3824/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2010 to March 2011", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from the 2010 minimum which occurred on September 17 through March 16, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3802, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3802/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-11-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2010 (SSMI data)", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the extent of the summer sea ice cover is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the extent of the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows ice extent in the background and ice area in the foreground. Ice extent is defined here as the integrated sum of the areas of data elements (pixels) with at least 15% ice concentration while ice area is the integrated sum of the products of the area of each pixel and the corresponding ice concentration. Ice extent provides information about how far south (or north) the ice extends in winter and how far north (or south) it retreats toward the continent in the summer while the ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008 In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice flows. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade.This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2010. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The 1979, 2007, and 2010 data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 116 }, { "id": 3767, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3767/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 31, 2010 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its maximum extent, through September 19, 2010, when it was at its minimum. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3698, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3698/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2009 to March 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 1, 2009 when sea ice in the Arctic was near its minimum extent, through March 30, 2010. The animation plays at a rate of six frames per day or ten days per second. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3672, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3672/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "28 Year Arctic Temperature Trend", "description": "Scientists who study the Arctic region consider this area to be an early indicator of global warming, because changes in this area are amplified by the high albedo of the snow and ice. This animation depicts the 28-year surface temperature trend over the Arctic region determined from data collected between August 1981 and July 2009. The warming and cooling regions are shown in steps of .02 degrees Kelvin per year from the regions of greatest change to the areas of least change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. The neutral region of -.02 to +.02 is shown in white. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.42 to +0.42 degrees Kelvin, although the minimum data value is -0.1825 degrees Kelvin per year while the maximum value is 0.4185. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3676, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3676/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "28 Year Arctic Winter Seasonal Temperature Trend", "description": "The Arctic region has been an area of scientific interest because it is expected that global warming signals will be amplified in the region because of ice-albedo feedback effect. Such effect is associated with the high albedo of snow and sea ice covered areas compared to that of ice free ocean and land areas. This animation depicts the 28-year winter seasonal surface temperature trend over the Arctic region determined from data collected during the months of December, January and February between 1981 and 2009. In this animation, the warming and cooling regions are revealed in steps of .02 degrees change per year starting with the regions of greatest change and progressing to the areas of least change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions while red hues depict warming. The neutral region of -.01 to +.01 degrees is shown in white. Brighter regions indicate greater temperature change while light regions indicate less. On the left side, the colarbar shows cooling temperatures ranging from -0.42 to zero degrees Kelvin, while the colorbar on the right shows warming temperatures ranging from zero to +0.42 degrees Kelvin per year. A moving bar beside each colorbar indicates the range of data values being displayed. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 3677, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3677/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "28 Year Arctic Spring Seasonal Temperature Trend", "description": "The Arctic region has been an area of scientific interest because it is expected that global warming signals will be amplified in the region because of ice-albedo feedback effect. Such effect is associated with the high albedo of snow and sea ice covered areas compared to that of ice free ocean and land areas. This animation depicts the 28-year spring seasonal surface temperature trend over the Arctic region determined from data collected during the months of March, April and May between 1982 and 2009.In this animation, the warming and cooling regions are revealed in steps of .02 degrees change per year starting with the regions of greatest change and progressing to the areas of least change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions while red hues depict warming. The neutral region of -.01 to +.01 degrees is shown in white. Brighter regions indicate greater temperature change while light regions indicate less. On the left side, the colarbar shows cooling temperatures ranging from -0.42 to zero degrees Kelvin, while the colorbar on the right shows warming temperatures ranging from zero to +0.42 degrees per year. An animated bar beside each colorbar brackets the range of data values being displayed. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3678, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3678/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "28 Year Arctic Summer Seasonal Temperature Trend", "description": "The Arctic region has been an area of scientific interest because it is expected that global warming signals will be amplified in the region because of ice-albedo feedback effect. Such effect is associated with the high albedo of snow and sea ice covered areas compared to that of ice free ocean and land areas. This animation depicts the 28-year summer seasonal surface temperature trend over the Arctic region determined from data collected during the months of June, July and August between 1982 and 2009.In this animation, the warming and cooling regions are revealed in steps of .02 degrees change per year starting with the regions of greatest change and progressing to the areas of least change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions while red hues depict warming. The neutral region of -.01 to +.01 degrees is shown in white. Brighter regions indicate greater temperature change while light regions indicate less. On the left side, the colarbar shows cooling temperatures ranging from -0.42 to zero degrees Kelvin, while the colorbar on the right shows warming temperatures ranging from zero to +0.42 degrees per year. An animated bar beside each colorbar brackets the range of data values being displayed. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3679, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3679/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "28 Year Arctic Autumn Seasonal Temperature Trend", "description": "The Arctic region has been an area of scientific interest because it is expected that global warming signals will be amplified in the region because of ice-albedo feedback effect. Such effect is associated with the high albedo of snow and sea ice covered areas compared to that of ice free ocean and land areas. This animation depicts the 28-year autumn seasonal surface temperature trend over the Arctic region determined from data collected during the months of September, October and November between 1981 and 2008.In this animation, the warming and cooling regions are revealed in steps of .02 degrees change per year starting with the regions of greatest change and progressing to the areas of least change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions while red hues depict warming. The neutral region of -.01 to +.01 degrees is shown in white. Brighter regions indicate greater temperature change while light regions indicate less. On the left side, the colarbar shows cooling temperatures ranging from -0.42 to zero degrees Kelvin, while the colorbar on the right shows warming temperatures ranging from zero to +0.42 degrees per year. An animated bar beside each colorbar brackets the range of data values being displayed. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3575, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3575/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-01-22T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Temperature Trends in Antarctica", "description": "This image shows warming of the Antartctic ice-sheet surface inland of the Antarctic Peninsula. This warming is significantly higher than previously reported, exceeding 0.1 degree C per decade over the past 50 years, and is strongest in winter and spring. The image incorporates temperature data collected over a 50-year period from 1957 to 2006. Surface color is derived from low-resolution LIMA data, while topography is from a RADARSAT 200m DEM. The ice cover is derived from 12-km AMSR-E data taken on 5/14/08. || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 3573, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3573/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-01-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "September 2007 Arctic Sea Ice vs 1979-2007 Average with Graph of 1979 to 2008 Ice Areas", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.This image compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum area on September 14, 2007 and the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. A graph inset in the top left corner shows the decline in annual sea ice area from 1979 through 2008. || ", "hits": 67 }, { "id": 3481, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3481/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-11-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Minimum Sea Ice Comparison: 2005, 2007 and the 1979-2007 Average for Science On a Sphere (SOS)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry. A full global version of this animation was developed for a Science On a Sphere exhibit. The animation is shown on a plane with a geographic (lat/lon) projection, but has been rotated 90 degrees so that the Arctic is in the center of the image. The animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. Both years are compared with the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3508, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3508/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Minimum Sea Ice from 1979 - 2008 designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left, called the perennial ice cover, consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2008 on a Cartesian grid with a transparent background for use in Science On a Sphere and WMS. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3563, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3563/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum with Graph Overlay 1979-2008", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the extent of the summer sea ice cover is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the extent of the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows ice extent in the background and ice area in the foreground. Ice extent is defined here as the integrated sum of the areas of data elements (pixels) with at least 15% ice concentration while ice area is the integrated sum of the products of the area of each pixel and the corresponding ice concentration. Ice extent provides information about how far south (or north) the ice extends in winter and how far north (or south) it retreats toward the continent in the summer while the ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008 || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 10353, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10353/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2008-09-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice 2008", "description": "Arctic sea ice declined this summer to its second smallest extent in the satellite era, suggesting that the record set in 2007 may not have been an anomaly. If recent trends in the melt rate continue, we could see a virtually ice-free Arctic each summer much sooner than previously thought.For complete transcript, click here. || SeaIce2008_320iPod.03621_print.jpg (1024x576) [95.6 KB] || SeaIce2008_320iPod_web.png (320x180) [129.4 KB] || SeaIce2008_320iPod_thm.png (80x40) [17.3 KB] || SeaIce2008_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [46.7 MB] || SeaIce2008_AppleTV.m4v (960x540) [115.0 MB] || SeaIce2008_fullH264.mov (1280x720) [112.5 MB] || SeaIce2008_640iPod.m4v (640x360) [37.0 MB] || Sea_Ice_2008_640x360_Youtube.mov (640x480) [40.7 MB] || GSFC_20080925_SeaIce_m10353_2008.en_US.srt [6.0 KB] || GSFC_20080925_SeaIce_m10353_2008.en_US.vtt [5.7 KB] || SeaIce2008_320iPod.m4v (320x180) [16.6 MB] || SeaIce2008_podcast.mp4 (320x236) [14.7 MB] || SeaIce2008_512x288.mpg (512x288) [50.7 MB] || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 3552, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3552/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Yearly Antarctic Sea Ice Minima from 1979 through 2008", "description": "This visualization shows Antarctic sea ice minima from 1979 through 2008. Near the end of each southern hemisphere summer (usually in February), the Antarctic sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3547, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3547/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2008 (using SSMI data)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.This visualization shows Artic sea ice from July 1, 2008 through Septemeber 14, 2008 based on the DMSP/SSMI instrument. The minimum Arctic sea ice extent occurred the week of September 12, 2008, when the extent was 4.52 million sq km (1.74 million sq miles). || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3498, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3498/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-04-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice Yearly Maximum from 2003 through 2009", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its maximum extent at the end of each winter, generally in February or March. This series of images of the yearly sea ice maximum extent depicts data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite. The false color in these images of sea ice is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 3474, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3474/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Minimum Sea Ice Comparison: 2005, 2007 and the 1979-2007 Average", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.A full global version of this animation was initially developed for a Science On a Sphere exhibit. A smaller subset is shown here focusing on the Arctic region. The animation is shown on a plane with a geographic (lat/lon) projection, but has been rotated 90 degrees so that the Arctic is in the center of the image. The animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. Both years are compared with the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3470/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice Between 2005 and 2007 - Split Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.This animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. With a split screen, the area of the melted region is compared with the size of the state of California. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3469/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice between 2005 and 2007 - Full Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.In this animation, the 2005 sea ice minimum extent is initially shown over the Arctic. As the 2005 minimum sea ice fades to orange, the 2007 minimum extent comes into view. The state of California, shown in green, is placed in the melt region for a comparison of the size difference between the two years.. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 3466, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3466/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Greenland in Foreground", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3464, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3464/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2007", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry as new shipping lanes open.This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2007. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The previous record and the 2007 record are highlighted. || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 3465, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3465/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice from August/September 2007", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry as new shipping lanes open.This visualization shows 2007 daily Arctic sea ice from from 1 August through 19 September. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 3456, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3456/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Alaska in Foreground", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice.An image of the sea ice on September 14, 2007 is included below, along with a corresponding image from September 21, 2005 showing the previous minimum sea ice extent. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3445, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3445/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-08-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Concentration 3-year moving averages for 1979-1981 to 2004-2006", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. This animation shows a 3-year moving average of the perennial ice cover, or minimum sea ice concentration, for from 1979-1981 through 2004-2006. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. This decrease is evident in the animation shown here.This is an update of animation ID #3267. || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 3378, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3378/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-10-03T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Concentration for 1979-2006", "description": "This animation shows the annual minimum Arctic sea ice extent and concentration from 1979 to 2006. Average climatology from 1979 to 2004 is shown as a yellow outline. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3370, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3370/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum Concentrations 1979-2006", "description": "This visualization shows the annual maximum amount of winter Arctic ice from 1979 to 2006. In 2005 and 2006, the winter ice maximum was about 6% smaller than the average winter ice over the 26 year period. The expected winter ice retreat is 1.5 to 2% loss per decade. The same data is also shown with a yellow region representing the cumulative or maximum extent of winter ice observed from 1979 to 2006. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3266, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3266/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-27T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Concentration for 1979-2005", "description": "This animation shows the annual minimum sea ice extent and concentration for 25 years, from 1979 to 2005. Average climatology from 1979 to 2004 which is shown as a yellow outline is also included.Three year moving average are shown from 1979-1981 through 2003-2005. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3267, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3267/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-27T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Concentration 3-year moving averages for 1979-1981 to 2003-2005", "description": "This animation shows a 3-year moving average of minimum sea ice concentration for from 1979-1981 through 2003-2005. Average climatology from 1979 to 2004 which is shown as a yellow outline is also included. This line represents the average location of the edge of perennial sea ice cover. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3188, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3188/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Heating and Cooling Trends", "description": "Antarctica has been showing some interesting heating and cooling trends over the past 20+ years. Even though the interior of Antarctica is generally cooling, the coastlines (particularly in the western hemisphere) seem to be warming. This data is skin-depth temperatures derived from the thermal IR channel of historical AVHRR data.Please note, these are preliminary findings and there are errors associated with these trends. Scientists are currently working on ways of minimizing these errors to more precisely determine these trends. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3047, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3047/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "22-Year Arctic Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "This image shows the 22-year surface temperature trend over the Arctic region. Blue hues indicate areas that are cooling; gold hues depict areas that are warming. Lighter colors indicate less change while darker colors indicate more. The temperature scale steps from zero degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees. (See color bar below) The data ranges from -0.162 to +0.487 degrees Celsius. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3065, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3065/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-06T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 1979-2004", "description": "This animation shows the annual minimum sea ice extent and concentration for 25 years, from 1979 to 2004. The year 2002 showed lowest level of sea ice on record. This visualization was created in support of the December 2004 American Geophysical Union (AGU) meeting. NOTE: this version has a slightly different camera angle than the 2003 version, animation ID 2850 (the original camera angle was lost). || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 2848, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2848/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-11-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Context Shot", "description": "This is a contextual setup animation intended to be shown before the visualization of several cryosphere data sets. The cryosphere data sets are rendered with the same final camera position. This visualization was created in support of the October 2003 Cryosphere Earth Science Update (ESU). || ", "hits": 3 }, { "id": 2849, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2849/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-11-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Four Year Moving Average", "description": "This visualization was created in support of the October 2003 Cryosphere Earth Science Update (ESU). || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 2850, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2850/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-11-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 1979-2003", "description": "This visualization was created in support of the October 2003 Cryosphere Earth Science Update (ESU). || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 2830, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2830/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Yearly Arctic Temperature Anomaly", "description": "This animation shows the yearly temperature anomaly over the Arctic region from 1981-82 through 2002-03. Years run from August 1 through July 31. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -7.0 to +7.0 degrees Celsius in increments of .25 degrees (see color bar below). || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 2831, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2831/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "Here the 20-year surface temperature trend is shown over the Arctic region. This animation shows the warming and cooling regions in steps from the regions of least change to the areas of greatest change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.4 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees (See color bar below). || allSeasonTrend.0019.jpg (720x486) [83.5 KB] || allSeasonTrend_640x480_pre.jpg (320x240) [11.9 KB] || allSeasonTrend_NTSC_pre.jpg (320x240) [11.9 KB] || allSeasonTrend_320x240_pre.jpg (320x240) [11.9 KB] || allSeasonTrend_NTSC.webmhd.webm (960x540) [326.6 KB] || 720x486_4x3_6.0p (720x486) [4.0 KB] || allSeasonTrend_640x480.mpg (640x480) [3.4 MB] || allSeasonTrend_NTSC.m2v (720x480) [5.7 MB] || a002831_allSeasonTrend_NTSC.mp4 (640x480) [1.1 MB] || allSeasonTrend_320x240.mpg (320x240) [949.4 KB] || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 2832, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2832/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Spring Seasonal Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "Here the 20-year seasonal surface temperature trend for the spring is shown over the Arctic region. This animation shows the warming and cooling regions in steps from the regions of least change to the areas of greatest change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.4 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees (See color bar below). || springTrend.0019.jpg (720x486) [90.8 KB] || springTrend_640x480_pre.jpg (320x240) [13.0 KB] || springTrend_NTSC_pre.jpg (320x240) [13.0 KB] || springTrend_320x240_pre.jpg (320x240) [13.0 KB] || springTrend_NTSC.webmhd.webm (960x540) [378.0 KB] || 720x486_4x3_6.0p (720x486) [4.0 KB] || springTrend_640x480.mpg (640x480) [3.5 MB] || springTrend_NTSC.m2v (720x480) [5.7 MB] || a002832_springTrend_NTSC.mp4 (640x480) [1.1 MB] || springTrend_320x240.mpg (320x240) [941.8 KB] || ", "hits": 5 }, { "id": 2833, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2833/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Summer Seasonal Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "Here the 20-year seasonal surface temperature trend for the summer is shown over the Arctic region. This animation shows the warming and cooling regions in steps from the regions of least change to the areas of greatest change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.4 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees (See color bar below). || summerTrend.0019.jpg (720x486) [75.6 KB] || summerTrend_640x480_pre.jpg (320x240) [10.9 KB] || summerTrend_NTSC_pre.jpg (320x240) [10.9 KB] || summerTrend_320x240_pre.jpg (320x240) [10.9 KB] || summerTrend_NTSC.webmhd.webm (960x540) [368.0 KB] || 720x486_4x3_6.0p (720x486) [4.0 KB] || summerTrend_640x480.mpg (640x480) [3.4 MB] || summerTrend_NTSC.m2v (720x480) [5.7 MB] || a002833_summerTrend_NTSC.mp4 (640x480) [1.1 MB] || summerTrend_320x240.mpg (320x240) [946.8 KB] || ", "hits": 6 }, { "id": 2834, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2834/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Autumn Seasonal Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "Here the 20-year seasonal surface temperature trend for the autumn is shown over the Arctic region. This animation shows the warming and cooling regions in steps from the regions of least change to the areas of greatest change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.4 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees (See color bar below). || autumnTrend.0019.jpg (720x486) [88.5 KB] || autumnTrend_640x480_pre.jpg (320x240) [12.5 KB] || autumnTrend_NTSC_pre.jpg (320x240) [12.5 KB] || autumnTrend_320x240_pre.jpg (320x240) [12.5 KB] || autumnTrend_NTSC.webmhd.webm (960x540) [361.1 KB] || 720x486_4x3_6.0p (720x486) [4.0 KB] || autumnTrend_640x480.mpg (640x480) [3.5 MB] || autumnTrend_NTSC.m2v (720x480) [5.7 MB] || a002834_autumnTrend_NTSC.mp4 (640x480) [1.1 MB] || autumnTrend_320x240.mpg (320x240) [940.4 KB] || ", "hits": 6 }, { "id": 2835, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2835/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Winter Seasonal Surface Temperature Trend", "description": "Here the 20-year seasonal surface temperature trend for the winter is shown over the Arctic region. This animation shows the warming and cooling regions in steps from the regions of least change to the areas of greatest change. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.4 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees (See color bar below). || ", "hits": 2 }, { "id": 2837, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2837/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "20-Year Arctic Surface Temperature Trend with Alternate Color Scale", "description": "Here the 20-year surface temperature trend is shown over the Arctic region. This still images shows the warming and cooling regions. Blue hues indicate cooling regions; red hues depict warming. Light regions indicate less change while darker regions indicate more. The temperature scale used ranges from -0.14 to +0.4 degrees Celsius in increments of .02 degrees. (See color bar below) || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 2473, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2473/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-12-31T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Perennial Ice Cover: The Data (1978-2001)", "description": "A view of the arctic perennial ice cover from 1978 to 2001. The rate of decline averages 9 percent per decade. || Movie of observed changes in perennial ice coverage. || a002473.00100_print.png (720x480) [565.8 KB] || per_ice_observed_pre.jpg (320x240) [13.7 KB] || a002473.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.2 MB] || per_ice_observed.mpg (640x480) [6.1 MB] || a002473.dv (720x480) [60.4 MB] || ", "hits": 8 }, { "id": 2474, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2474/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-12-31T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Perennial Ice Cover: The Projection (2002-2075)", "description": "Projection of the decline in perennial ice cover assuming a loss rate of 9 percent per decade. || Projected changes in perennial ice coverage to 2075. || a002474.00005_print.png (720x480) [597.1 KB] || per_ice_projected_pre.jpg (320x240) [14.7 KB] || a002474.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.2 MB] || per_ice_projected.mpg (640x480) [3.9 MB] || a002474.dv (720x480) [46.6 MB] || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 2475, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2475/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-12-31T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Perennial Ice Cover: Data (1978-2001) and Projection", "description": "A view of the arctic perennial ice cover from 1978 to 2001. The rate of decline averages 9 percent per decade. After 2001, it displays the projected decline in perennial ice cover assuming a loss rate of 9 percent per decade. || Movie of data and projected to 2075. || a002475.00100_print.png (720x480) [565.0 KB] || per_ice_total_pre.jpg (320x240) [13.7 KB] || a002475.webmhd.webm (960x540) [6.1 MB] || per_ice_total.mpg (640x480) [9.9 MB] || a002475.dv (720x480) [84.8 MB] || ", "hits": 12 } ] }