{
    "count": 36,
    "next": null,
    "previous": null,
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 10771,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10771/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-08-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "A Pinch Of Salt From Space",
            "description": "NASA gave the command last week to power on its newest Earth-observing satellite, Aquarius. It may seem a somewhat peculiar measurement to make, but Aquarius, which launched in June 2011, will measure salinity across all the oceans every week. The data will undoubtedly help answer some of our most pressing questions about climate change. Why measure ocean salinity? The density of ocean water is determined by salinity and water temperature. Density drives the pattern of deep ocean currents, and ocean currents drive global climate. In recent decades, scientists have seen ocean salinity shift in ways that only climate change seems able to explain. Until now, salinity data came from slow-moving ships and a network of floating sensors that could only provide a limited global picture. Satellite technology changes that: From 400 miles (644 km) above Earth Aquarius' hypersensitive microwave radiometer can detect differences in ocean salinity to within a pinch of salt in a gallon of water. Let the science begin. || ",
            "hits": 43
        },
        {
            "id": 3816,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3816/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-01-21T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven primarily by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity (haline) variations.This animation shows one of the major regions where this pumping occurs, the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and the North Sea. The surface ocean current brings new water to this region from the South Atlantic via the Gulf Stream and the water returns to the South Atlantic via the North Atlantic Deep Water current. The continual influx of warm water into the North Atlantic polar ocean keeps the regions around Iceland and southern Greenland generally free of sea ice year round.The animation also shows another feature of the global ocean circulation: the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The region around latitude 60 south is the the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no obstruction by land. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. This circumpolar motion links the world's oceans and allows the deep water circulation from the Atlantic to rise in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, thereby closing the surface circulation with the northward flow in the Atlantic.The color on the world's ocean's at the beginning of this animation represents surface water density, with dark regions being most dense and light regions being least dense (see the animation Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density). The depths of the oceans are highly exaggerated to better illustrate the differences between the surface flows and deep water flows. The actual flows in this model are based on current theories of the thermohaline circulation rather than actual data. The thermohaline circulation is a very slow moving current that can be difficult to distinguish from general ocean circulation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure or simulate.This is a stereoscopic version of the original visualziation. || ",
            "hits": 267
        },
        {
            "id": 3781,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3781/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-10-08T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Weather Satellites in Orbit",
            "description": "This visualization showcases the five weather satellites that create NOAA's Climate Prediction Center (CPC) products. The five geosynchronous satellites are: GOES-11, GOES-13, MSG-2, Meteosat-7 and MTSAT-2. || ",
            "hits": 140
        },
        {
            "id": 3767,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3767/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-09-29T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 2010",
            "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 31, 2010 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its maximum extent, through September 19, 2010, when it was at its minimum. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ",
            "hits": 137
        },
        {
            "id": 3766,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3766/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-09-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "2007 Greenland Melt Season Study - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "The Greenland ice sheet has been the focus of attention recently because of increasing melt in response to regional climate change. Several different remote sensing data products have been used to study surface and near-surface melt characteristics of the Greenland ice sheet for the 2007 melt season when record melt extent and runoff occurred. Here, MODIS daily land surface temperature and a special diurnal melt product, derived from QuikSCAT scatterometer data, measure the evolution of melt on the ice sheet. Although these daily products are sensitive to different geophysical features, they show excellent correspondence when surface melt is present. This animation displays these two geophysical data products of the Greenland ice sheet side-by-side, showing MODIS data on the left side and QuikSCAT data on the right. The 2007 melt season is shown twice. In the first sequence, MODIS surface temperature is compared with several categories of QuikSCAT melt between March 15th and October 13th, 2010. During this sequence, active melt detected by QuikSCAT is shown in light blue, reduced melt is medium blue, and completed melt is dark blue. For the MODIS, surface temperature is shown with the color scale — red indicates a surface temperature greater than -1 degree Celsius. As MODIS shows warmer surface temperature as the melt season progresses, QuikSCAT consistently identifies the corresponding melt.In the second sequence, the MODIS and QuikSCAT melted regions of the ice sheet were accumulated during the melt season. QuikSCAT captures melt earlier, and then melt is detected by MODIS shortly afterward at a higher spatial resolution. The final result (frame) shows the seasonal melt extent which was consistently delineated by both sensors. The cross-verification of these independent measurements, by two different instruments on different satellites, provides a higher confidence level in the melt observations, reducing the uncertainty in climate assessment of Greenland melt.This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry:  #3738: 2007 Greenland Melt Season Study. In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accommodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ",
            "hits": 122
        },
        {
            "id": 10664,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10664/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-28T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Earth Science Week 2010 - Exploring Energy",
            "description": "\"Exploring Energy\" is the theme of this year's Earth Science Week, Oct. 10-16. The American Geological Institute hosts Earth Science Week annually in cooperation with various sponsors to engage people in Earth science and encourage stewardship of Earth. NASA develops, deploys and manages an array of satellites that monitor and measure energy as it flows into, through and out of the Earth system. During Earth Science Week, a series of short videos will be posted to NASA's Earth Science Week website. Aimed at educators, the videos will present activities for different grade levels that highlight how NASA explores Earth's energy, such as the energy that fuels hurricanes.For archived Earth Science Week material, please visit the Earth Science Educator Resource Gallery.For additional multimedia resources, please check out the Energy Essentials Gallery. || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 3736,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3736/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Aura/OMI 3D Stereoscopic Viewfinder Image",
            "description": "The Aura satellite launched on July 15, 2004 from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California and is still operating successfully today. One of several instruments onboard is the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). OMI is a contribution of the Netherland's Agency for Aerospace Programs (NIVR) along with the Finnish Meteorlogical Institute (FMI). OMI monitors the Earth's atmosphere for total ozone and other atmospheric parameters related to ozone chemistry and climate. This stereoscopic artistic rendition was created from a  previous animation and is intended for viewing through a special NASA Earth Science Viewfinder available through NASA Headquarters. We include an anaglyph version here in addition to a printable viewfinder version, as well as the individual left eye and right eye views. || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 3667,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3667/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-06-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Ship Tracks Reveal Pollution's Effects on Clouds",
            "description": "NASA's MODIS satellite instrument is revealing that humans may be changing our planet's brightness. Pollution in the atmosphere creates smaller, brighter cloud droplets that reflect more sunlight back to space and may have a slight impact on global warming.This narrated visualization illustrates how we can study the effect against a clean backdrop by looking for zones of pollution in otherwise pristine air - in this case the North Pacific Ocean near the Aleutian islands. On an overcast day, the clouds look uniform. However, MODIS' sesor reveals a different picture - long skinny trails of brighter clouds hidden within. As ships travel across the ocean, pollution in the ships' exhaust create more cloud drops that are smaller in size, resulting in even brighter clouds. On clear days, ships can actually create new clouds. Water vapor condenses around the particles of pollution, forming streamers of clouds as the ships travel on. The ship tracks themselves are too small to impact global temperatures, but they help us understand how larger pollution sources such as industrial sites or agricultural burning might be changing clouds on a larger scale. || ",
            "hits": 67
        },
        {
            "id": 10597,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10597/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-04-06T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge's 2010 Arctic Campaign Takes Off: Reporters Package",
            "description": "NASA's Operation IceBridge mission, the largest airborne survey ever flown of Earth's polar ice, kicked off its second year of study in late March 2010. The IceBridge mission allows scientists to track changes in the extent and thickness of polar ice, which is important to understanding ice dynamics. IceBridge began in March 2009 as a means to fill the gap in polar observations between the loss of NASA's ICESat satellite and the launch of ICESat-2, planned for 1015. Annual missions fly over the Arctic in March and April and over the Antarctic in October and November. This video gives a brief overview of the start of the Arctic 2010 IceBridge campaign.For complete transcript, click here. || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv.00127_print.jpg (1024x768) [113.3 KB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv_web.png (320x240) [292.7 KB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv_thm.png (80x40) [16.9 KB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.3 KB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv.webmhd.webm (960x540) [19.3 MB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_appletv.m4v (960x720) [44.5 MB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_ProResBroll.mov (1280x720) [1.3 GB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_YouTubeHQ.mov (1280x720) [43.6 MB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_goddard_shorts.m4v (640x360) [15.4 MB] || GSFC_20100406_OIB_m10597_Pkg2a.en_US.srt [1.8 KB] || GSFC_20100406_OIB_m10597_Pkg2a.en_US.vtt [1.8 KB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_NASA_PORTAL.wmv (346x260) [13.4 MB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_podcast.m4v (320x180) [6.2 MB] || G2010-028_OIB_Pkg2_SVS.mpg (512x288) [11.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 18
        },
        {
            "id": 3698,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3698/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2009 to March 2010",
            "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 1, 2009 when sea ice in the Arctic was near its minimum extent, through March 30, 2010. The animation plays at a rate of six frames per day or ten days per second. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ",
            "hits": 125
        },
        {
            "id": 10574,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10574/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-02-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Piecing Together the Temperature Puzzle",
            "description": "The decade from 2000 to 2009 was the warmest in the modern record. \"Piecing Together the Temperature Puzzle\" illustrates how NASA satellites enable us to study possible causes of climate change. The video explains what role fluctuations in the solar cycle, changes in snow and cloud cover, and rising levels of heat-trapping gases may play in contributing to climate change. For complete transcript, click here. || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres.01252_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.2 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres_web.png (320x180) [207.8 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres_thm.png (80x40) [16.9 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [83.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres.mov (1280x720) [166.2 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_AppleTV.m4v (960x720) [211.4 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle__Youtube.mov (1280x720) [87.7 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_iPod_small.m4v (640x360) [67.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_iPod_large.m4v (320x180) [27.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_svs.mpg (512x288) [136.6 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_portal.wmv (346x260) [38.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 182
        },
        {
            "id": 3673,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3673/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-12-11T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Poster of Greenland Ice Sheet Mass Changes from NASA GSFC  GRACE Mascon Solutions",
            "description": "Luthcke, S.B., D.D. Rowlands, J.J. McCarthy, A. Arendt, T. Sabaka, J.P. Boy, F.G. Lemoine, \"Recent Changes of the Earth's Land Ice from GRACE, \" presented at 2009 Fall AGU, H13G-02 (693337), Dec. 14, 2009.The mass changes of the Greenland Ice Sheet (GIS) are computed from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) inter-satellite range-rate observations for the period April 5, 2003 - July 25, 2009. The mass of the GIS has been computed at 10-day intervals and 200 km spatial resolution from a regional high-resolution mascon solution (Luthcke and others, 2008 and 2006). The poster shows the change in mass during February, April, July and October from 2003 through 2009 as referenced from April 5, 2003. The spatial variation in surface mass is shown in centimeters equivalent height of water. The chart shown in the upper left corner presents total ice loss in Greenland over the same time period measured in gigatons. Corresponding author:Scott B. LuthckeNASA GSFCPlanetary Geodynamics Laboratory, Code 698Scott.B.Luthcke@nasa.gov || ",
            "hits": 21
        },
        {
            "id": 10502,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10502/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-10-12T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Climate Change and the Global Ocean",
            "description": "We know climate change can affect us, but does climate change alter something as vast, deep and mysterious as our oceans? For years, scientists have studied the world's oceans by sending out ships and divers, deploying data-gathering buoys, and by taking aerial measurements from planes. But one of the better ways to understand oceans is to gain an even broader perspective - the view from space. NASA's Earth observing satellites do more than just take pictures of our planet. High-tech sensors gather data, including ocean surface temperature, surface winds, sea level, circulation, and even marine life. Information the satellites obtain help us understand the complex interactions driving the world's oceans today - and gain valuable insight into how the impacts of climate change on oceans might affect us on dry land.For complete transcript, click here. || Global_Ocean_ipod_320x240.01252_print.jpg (1024x576) [77.3 KB] || Global_Ocean_ipod_320x240_web.png (320x180) [84.7 KB] || Global_Ocean_ipod_320x240_thm.png (80x40) [16.1 KB] || Global_Ocean_appletv.webmhd.webm (960x540) [78.2 MB] || Global_Ocean_broll_prores.mov (1280x720) [5.3 GB] || Global_Ocean_1280x720.mp4 (1280x720) [159.8 MB] || Global_Ocean_appletv.m4v (960x540) [187.1 MB] || Global_Ocean_H264_1280x720_30fps.mov (1280x720) [167.6 MB] || Global_Ocean_youtube_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [79.2 MB] || Global_Ocean_ipod_640x480.m4v (640x360) [59.9 MB] || Global_Ocean_ipod_320x240.m4v (320x180) [25.9 MB] || Global_Ocean.wmv (346x260) [39.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 135
        },
        {
            "id": 10503,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10503/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-10-12T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Melting Ice, Rising Seas",
            "description": "Sea level rise is an indicator that our planet is warming. Much of the world's population lives on or near the coast, and rising seas are something worth watching. Sea level can rise for two reasons, both linked to a warming planet. When ice on land, such as mountain glaciers or the ice sheets of Greenland or Antarctica, melt, that water contributes to sea level rise. And when our oceans get warmer - another indicator of climate change - the water expands, also making sea level higher. Using satellites, lasers, and radar in space, and dedicated researchers on the ground, NASA is studying the Earth's ice and water to better understand how sea level rise might affect us all.For complete transcript, click here. || Melting_Seas_ipod_640x480.03027_print.jpg (1024x576) [80.7 KB] || Melting_Seas_ipod_640x480_web.png (320x180) [156.6 KB] || Melting_Seas_ipod_640x480_thm.png (80x40) [16.6 KB] || Melting_Seas_appletv_1280x720.webmhd.webm (960x540) [67.9 MB] || Melting_Seas_H264_1280x720_30fps.mov (1280x720) [128.9 MB] || Melting_Seas_1280x720.mp4 (1280x720) [125.1 MB] || Melting_Seas_broll_prores.mov (1280x720) [4.4 GB] || Melting_Seas_youtube_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [69.1 MB] || Melting_Seas_appletv_1280x720.m4v (960x540) [160.0 MB] || Melting_Seas_ipod_640x480.m4v (640x360) [49.7 MB] || Melting_Seas_ipod_320x240.m4v (320x180) [21.1 MB] || Rising_Seas.wmv (346x260) [38.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 143
        },
        {
            "id": 10504,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10504/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-10-12T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Salt of the Earth",
            "description": "Salinity plays a major role in how ocean waters circulate around the globe. Salinity changes can create ocean circulation changes that, in turn, may impact regional and global climates. The extent to which salinity impacts our global ocean circulation is still relatively unknown, but NASA's new Aquarius mission will help advance that understanding by painting a global picture of our planet's salty waters.For complete transcript, click here. || Salt_of_the_Earth_640x480.00519_print.jpg (1024x576) [66.1 KB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_640x480_web.png (320x180) [106.1 KB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_640x480_thm.png (80x40) [12.6 KB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_appletv_1280x720.webmhd.webm (960x540) [65.9 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_H264_1280x720_30fps.mov (1280x720) [150.0 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_appletv_1280x720.m4v (960x540) [166.5 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_1280x720.mp4 (1280x720) [99.9 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_broll_prores.mov (1280x720) [4.7 GB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_Youtube_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [72.2 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_640x480.m4v (640x360) [55.1 MB] || GSFC_20091012_Aquarius_m10504_Salt.en_US.srt [6.0 KB] || GSFC_20091012_Aquarius_m10504_Salt.en_US.vtt [6.1 KB] || Salt_of_the_Earth_ipod_320x240.m4v (320x180) [23.1 MB] || Salt_of_the_Earth.wmv (346x260) [35.0 MB] || ",
            "hits": 89
        },
        {
            "id": 3652,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3652/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-09T13:24:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density",
            "description": "Sea Surface TemperatureThe oceans of the world are heated at the surface by the sun, and this heating is uneven for many reasons. The Earth's axial rotation, revolution about the sun, and tilt all play a role, as do the wind-driven ocean surface currents. The first animation in this group shows the long-term average sea surface temperature, with red and yellow depicting warmer waters and blue depicting colder waters. The most obvious feature of this temperature map is the variation of the temperature by latitude, from the warm region along the equator to the cold regions near the poles. Another visible feature is the cooler regions just off the western coasts of North America, South America, and Africa. On these coasts, winds blow from land to ocean and push the warm water away from the coast, allowing cooler water to rise up from deeper in the ocean. || ",
            "hits": 787
        },
        {
            "id": 3658,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3658/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-08T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt",
            "description": "The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven mostly by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity (haline) variations.This animation shows one of the major regions where this pumping occurs, the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and the North Sea. The surface ocean current brings new water to this region from the South Atlantic via the Gulf Stream and the water returns to the South Atlantic via the North Atlantic Deep Water current. The continual influx of warm water into the North Atlantic polar ocean keeps the regions around Iceland and southern Greenland mostly free of sea ice year round.The animation also shows another feature of the global ocean circulation: the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The region around latitude 60 south is the the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no land in the way. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. This circumpolar motion links the world's oceans and allows the deep water circulation from the Atlantic to rise in the Indian and Pacific Oceans and the surface circulation to close with the northward flow in the Atlantic.The color on the world's ocean's at the beginning of this animation represents surface water density, with dark regions being most dense and light regions being least dense (see the animation Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density). The depths of the oceans are highly exaggerated to better illustrate the differences between the surface flows and deep water flows. The actual flows in this model are based on current theories of the thermohaline circulation rather than actual data. The thermohaline circulation is a very slow moving current that can be difficult to distinguish from general ocean circulation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure or simulate. || ",
            "hits": 285
        },
        {
            "id": 3619,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3619/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-09-01T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "A Tour of the Cryosphere 2009",
            "description": "The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. In these regions, surface temperatures remain below freezing for a portion of each year. Since ice and snow exist relatively close to their melting point, they frequently change from solid to liquid and back again due to fluctuations in surface temperature. Although direct measurements of the cryosphere can be difficult to obtain due to the remote locations of many of these areas, using satellite observations scientists monitor changes in the global and regional climate by observing how regions of the Earth's cryosphere shrink and expand.This animation portrays fluctuations in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of satellite-based sensors. The animation begins in Antarctica, showing some unique features of the Antarctic landscape found nowhere else on earth. Ice shelves, ice streams, glaciers, and the formation of massive icebergs can be seen clearly in the flyover of the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica. A time series shows the movement of iceberg B15A, an iceberg 295 kilometers in length which broke off of the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. Moving farther along the coastline, a time series of the Larsen ice shelf shows the collapse of over 3,200 square kilometers ice since January 2002. As we depart from the Antarctic, we see the seasonal change of sea ice and how it nearly doubles the apparent area of the continent during the winter.From Antarctica, the animation travels over South America showing glacier locations on this mostly tropical continent. We then move further north to observe daily changes in snow cover over the North American continent. The clouds show winter storms moving across the United States and Canada, leaving trails of snow cover behind. In a close-up view of the western US, we compare the difference in land cover between two years: 2003 when the region received a normal amount of snow and 2002 when little snow was accumulated. The difference in the surrounding vegetation due to the lack of spring melt water from the mountain snow pack is evident.As the animation moves from the western US to the Arctic region, the areas affected by permafrost are visible. As time marches forward from March to September, the daily snow and sea ice recede and reveal the vast areas of permafrost surrounding the Arctic Ocean.The animation shows a one-year cycle of Arctic sea ice followed by the mean September minimum sea ice for each year from 1979 through 2008. The superimposed graph of the area of Arctic sea ice at this minimum clearly shows the dramatic decrease in Artic sea ice over the last few years.While moving from the Arctic to Greenland, the animation shows the constant motion of the Arctic polar ice using daily measures of sea ice activity. Sea ice flows from the Arctic into Baffin Bay as the seasonal ice expands southward. As we draw close to the Greenland coast, the animation shows the recent changes in the Jakobshavn glacier. Although Jakobshavn receded only slightly from 1964 to 2001, the animation shows significant recession from 2001 through 2009. As the animation pulls out from Jakobshavn, the effect of the increased flow rate of Greenland costal glaciers is shown by the thinning ice shelf regions near the Greenland coast.This animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website.Note: This animation is an update of the animation 'A Short Tour of the Cryosphere', which is itself an abridged version of the animation 'A Tour of the Cryosphere'. The popularity of the earlier animations and their continuing relevance prompted us to update the datasets in parts of the animation and to remake it in high definition. In certain cases, our experiences in using the earlier work have led us to tweak the presentation of some of the material to make it clearer. Our thanks to Dr. Robert Bindschadler for suggesting and supporting this remake. || ",
            "hits": 143
        },
        {
            "id": 3603,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3603/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-07-08T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) Orbit Insertion - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "This visualization shows an example of how the orbit insertion for the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) might look. LRO launches from Cape Canaveral, then flies around the Earth and on to the moon. Time speeds up during the journey to the moon, then slows again as LRO approaches the moon. LRO begins orbiting the moon and, through a series of several \"burns\", moves in closer to its desired orbit. LRO's initial orbit plane around the moon is parallel to the direction of the moon's travel.This visualization was created before launch using simulated ephemeris data. The ephemeris data driving this visualization was based on a simulated night time launch on 11/24/2008; but, the actual launch may happen during the daytime. In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accomodate stereoscopic systems as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ",
            "hits": 148
        },
        {
            "id": 10428,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10428/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-04-25T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Earth Day 2009 with Kenji Williams",
            "description": "The DLN teamed with director and violinist Kenji Williams to present an out of this world experience known as Bella Gaia (Beautiful Earth). This one-of-a-kind multimedia journey of Earth, as observed from space, combined his music with NASA imagery. Bella Gaia was presented to students and teachers around the world during two webcasts from the Goddard studio. || ",
            "hits": 121
        },
        {
            "id": 3587,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3587/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-03-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "LRO Scouts for Safe Landing Sites - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "The Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO) is NASA's scouting mission to prepare for a return to the moon. One of its primary objectives will be to assess the lunar terrain for areas that would provide safe landing sites for future missions, both manned and unmanned, that plan to touch down on the moon's surface. This video helps explain how LRO will accomplish its objective.This visualization is a modified 3D stereo version of animation entry:#10349: LRO Scouts for Safe Landing Sites.The raw stereoscopic visualization sequence used to create this narrated animation can be viewed and downloaded from entry:  #3567: How LRO Will Find Safe Landing Sites on the Moon - Stereoscopic Version. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 3585,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3585/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-03-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Stereoscopic SeaWiFS Biosphere Global Rotation: 1997-2006",
            "description": "The SeaWiFS instrument aboard the SeaStar satellite has been collecting ocean data since 1997. By monitoring the color of reflected light via satellite, scientists can determine how successfully plant life is photosynthesizing. A measurement of photosynthesis is essentially a measurement of successful growth, and growth means successful use of ambient carbon.This animation represents nearly a decade's worth of data taken by the SeaWiFS instrument, showing the abundance of life in the sea. This time period repeats twice during the animation. Dark blue represents warmer areas where there is little life due to lack of nutrients, and greens and reds represent cooler nutrient-rich areas. The nutrient-rich areas include coastal regions where cold water rises from the sea floor bringing nutrients along and areas at the mouths of rivers where the rivers have brought nutrients into the ocean from the land. The nutrient-rich waters contribute to some of the oxygen-poor pockets of the seas called dead zones.This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry:  #3420:SeaWiFS Biosphere Global Rotation from 1997 to 2006 || ",
            "hits": 91
        },
        {
            "id": 3567,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3567/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-01-27T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "How LRO Will Find Safe Landing Sites on the Moon - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "The first attempt to land humans on the moon - Apollo 11 - was a triumph that almost ended in disaster. At just 400 feet from the lunar surface, with only about a minute's worth of fuel remaining, astronauts Neil Armstrong and Edwin 'Buzz' Aldrin saw that their ship's computer was taking them directly into a crater the size of a football field, strewn with SUV-sized boulders. They quickly took control from the computer, flew over the crater and touched down in a smoother area beyond, cutting the engine with just 30 seconds of fuel left.  In general, good landing sites need to be level and free from large boulders that could damage or tip the spacecraft as it attempts to land. And it's up to the Lunar Reconaissance Orbiter (LRO) mission to make those landings as safe as possible.  Astronauts will want to avoid places with steep slopes that could tip the spacecraft, so LRO includes a laser ranging system that will build an elevation map to show the contours of the polar surface. The instrument, called the Lunar Orbiter Laser Altimeter (LOLA ), records the time it takes for a laser pulse to travel from the spacecraft to the lunar surface and back to calculate the height of the lunar terrain. After a year in orbit aboard LRO, LOLA will have created an elevation map of the polar regions that is accurate to within a half-meter (20 inches) vertically and 50 meters (about 160 feet) horizontally.  LRO will also use data from another instrument that measures temperatures to double-check the safe zone map. Temperatures change more rapidly in areas with loose materials (lots of rocks). By analyzing how quickly temperatures change in potential landing zones, planners using the instrument, named Diviner, can rule out areas that appear smooth but actually are likely to be rocky.  LRO also carries a pair of eagle-eyed cameras, called the Narrow Angle Cameras (NACs) which together can take images that reveal details as small as a half-meter (almost 20 inches) over swaths 10 kilometers (about 6.2 miles) wide. As LRO orbits over the poles, the moon rotates beneath the spacecraft, and the NACs will gradually build up a detailed picture of the region. It will be used to identify safe landing zones free of large boulders and craters, allowing astronauts to avoid surprises like Apollo 11.  LRO is being assembled and managed by NASA Goddard, and is scheduled to be launched in early 2009. NASA plans to have astronauts back on the moon by 2020. As astronauts close in on a new landing site late in the next decade, they can thank NASA Goddard's small robot scout for showing the safest approach. This visualization is a modified stereoscopic version of: #3533: How LRO Will Find Safe Landing Sites on the Moon The modifications applied in the production of the stereoscopic visualization include: extension of the time range of the animation, color adjustments, scale bar and text overlay treatment.The crater depicted in this visualization is ficticious and only intended for illustrative purposes. The visualization begins with the reveal of a digital elevation map showing sample lunar topography illustrating the kind of data that LRO's LOLA instrument will collect. From this topographic data level surface areas can be derived as the first step to determining safe landing sites. Next, an example temperature map of the lunar surface is revealed to show the sort of data Diviner will collect. Changes in surface temperature will help determine small rock hazards, since they retain and release heat at a different rate than the surrounding regolith. Large rock hazards can be found with LROC's surface imagery. Finally, removing rock hazard areas from level surface areas reveals potential safe landing sites for future lunar missions.In this page the visualization content is offered in various modes to accomodate different types of stereoscopic viewing, such as: Left and Right Eye separate, and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ",
            "hits": 59
        },
        {
            "id": 3571,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3571/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008",
            "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This is a modification of animation ID  #3404 : Global Rotation showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice, which only covered a one-year time period.For a 3D stereo version of this visualization, please visit animation entry:  #3578: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 3578,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3578/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version",
            "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry:  #3571: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accomodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ",
            "hits": 39
        },
        {
            "id": 3529,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3529/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Stills: KRIEGER",
            "description": "This entry offers a set of stereoscopic images of the lunar suface captured during the Apollo mission 15. The images feature craters: Krieger, Rocco and Ruth and their surrounding areas. Imagery is offered in various modes, such as: left and right stereo stills, with and without captions and scale information, and 3D anaglyphs. For related entries and more information, please visit: #3530: Apollo 15 Rectified Anaglyph Stereo Panorama #3531: Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Panorama - Left and Right Eye imagery  Data Notes:August 4, 1971 The lunar stereo still imagery provided in this page used as source material archived panoramic recitifed film photographs. Nearly all the panoramic photographs from the Apollo 15, 16 and 17 missions have been rectified and are archived in the NASA/GSFC campus. The rectification process corrected the camera and viewing distortions, as it results in a vertical projection of the lunar surface.The rectified photographs are more accurate for stereoscopic use than the original panoramic photographs. Detailed information is provided below:Image Collection: Panoramic Mission: 15Magazine: PCamera: 610-mm (24-in.) ITEK panoramic cameraRevolution: 72Latitude/Longitude: 29° N/ 45°W Lens Focal Length: 24 inchStereo Pairs:AS15-P-10320 (Forward Camera Look), AS15-P-10325 (After Camera Look)Camera Altitude: 109 kmSun Elevation: 20°Film type: 3414Film Width: 5 inchImage Width: 45.24 inch Image Height: 4.5 inch Film Color: black and whiteFeatures: Craters Krieger, Rocco, RuthLow resolution lunar stereo imagery can be found at the Apollo Image Atlas Panoramic Catalog hosted by the Lunar and Planetary Institute.For a detailed index map of panoramic camera photographs, composite of all REVs, please visit: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/apolloindex/apollo15/as15indexmap01/ || ",
            "hits": 244
        },
        {
            "id": 3530,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3530/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Apollo 15 Rectified Anaglyph Stereo Panorama",
            "description": "The Apollo program was designed to land men on the Moon and return them safely to Earth. Apollo 15 was the ninth manned mission of a series and the fourth to land men on the moon. The mission was the first flight of the Lunar Roving Vehicle, which enabled astronauts to explore the geology of the lunar regions. Orbital science experiments and science photography were performed on the Apollo missions during lunar orbit. Several types of cameras were used during the missions to perform the photography experiments. During Apollo 15, 16 and 17 missions, panoramic cameras were used to capture high-resolution imagery in monoscopic and stereoscopic modes to study the lunar surface. This page offers a corrected stereoscopic pair in Anaglyph 3D mode captured during Apollo mission 15. The imagery features craters: Krieger, Rocco and Ruth. You can navigate the online image by using the zoom and pan controls at the bottom center of the online image viewer and use the inset red box at the upper left corner as a reference. Red/Cyan stereo glasses are required to view it properly.  For related entries, please see below: #3529: Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Stills: KRIEGER #3531: Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Panorama - Left and Right Eye imagery Data Notes:August 4, 1971 The lunar stereo still imagery provided in this page used as source material archived panoramic recitifed film photographs. Nearly all the panoramic photographs from the Apollo 15, 16 and 17 missions have been rectified and are archived in the NASA/GSFC campus. The rectification process corrected the camera and viewing distortions, as it results in a vertical projection of the lunar surface.The rectified photographs are more accurate for stereoscopic use than the original panoramic photographs. Detailed information is provided below:Image Collection: Panoramic Mission: 15Magazine: PCamera: 610-mm (24-in.) ITEK panoramic cameraRevolution: 72Latitude/Longitude: 29° N/ 45°W Lens Focal Length: 24 inchStereo Pairs:AS15-P-10320 (Forward Camera Look), AS15-P-10325 (After Camera Look)Camera Altitude: 109 kmSun Elevation: 20°Film type: 3414Film Width: 5 inchImage Width: 45.24 inch Image Height: 4.5 inch Film Color: black and whiteFeatures: Craters Krieger, Rocco, RuthLow resolution lunar stereo imagery can be found at the Apollo Image Atlas Panoramic Catalog hosted by the Lunar and Planetary Institute.For a detailed index map of panoramic camera photographs, composite of all REVs, please visit: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/apolloindex/apollo15/as15indexmap01/ || ",
            "hits": 191
        },
        {
            "id": 3531,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3531/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-08-01T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Panorama - Left and Right Eye Imagery",
            "description": "This page provides a rectified and digitally corrected stereoscopic panoramic pair from Apollo mission 15, featuring craters Krieger, Rocco and Ruth. The imagery is provided for left and right eye separately and in various dimensions. This stereoscopic pair served as the source material for entry: #3530: Apollo 15 Rectified Anaglyph Stereo Panorama You can navigate the online image by using the zoom and pan controls at the bottom center of the online image viewer and use the inset red box at the upper left corner as a reference. The imagery in the online viewer has been provided for cross-eyed viewing purposes. For related content and more information, please visit: #3529: Apollo 15 Rectified Stereo Stills: KRIEGER Data Notes:August 4, 1971 The lunar stereo still imagery provided in this page used as source material archived panoramic recitifed film photographs. Nearly all the panoramic photographs from the Apollo 15, 16 and 17 missions have been rectified and are archived in the NASA/GSFC campus. The rectification process corrected the camera and viewing distortions, as it results in a vertical projection of the lunar surface.The rectified photographs are more accurate for stereoscopic use than the original panoramic photographs. Detailed information is provided below:Image Collection: Panoramic Mission: 15Magazine: PCamera: 610-mm (24-in.) ITEK panoramic cameraRevolution: 72Latitude/Longitude: 29° N/ 45°W Lens Focal Length: 24 inchStereo Pairs:AS15-P-10320 (Forward Camera Look), AS15-P-10325 (After Camera Look)Camera Altitude: 109 kmSun Elevation: 20°Film type: 3414Film Width: 5 inchImage Width: 45.24 inch Image Height: 4.5 inch Film Color: black and whiteFeatures: Craters Krieger, Rocco, RuthLow resolution lunar stereo imagery can be found at the Apollo Image Atlas Panoramic Catalog hosted by the Lunar and Planetary Institute.For a detailed index map of panoramic camera photographs, composite of all REVs, please visit: http://www.lpi.usra.edu/resources/mapcatalog/apolloindex/apollo15/as15indexmap01/ || ",
            "hits": 428
        },
        {
            "id": 3446,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3446/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-04-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chesapeake Bay Flyover",
            "description": "The Chesapeake Bay, an area of approximately 200 miles, is North America's largest estuary. The Bay and its tributaries comprises a complex ecosystem which encompasses rivers, wetlands, trees and habitats. This animation takes us on a tour around the Bay starting from its 'mouth' near Norfolk, Virginia, flying north up to the Susquehanna River and then flying down the area of the Eastern Shore all the way to the Fishermans Island, zooming out to get a look of the Chesapeake bay region. The imagery utilized for this animation is a false-color Chesapeake Bay Landsat-7 Mosaic (#3473) composed of eight scenes acquired between 1999-2002, which were put together and color corrected to resemble natural looking colors.The mosaic was created by EarthSat under contract with NASA as part of the GeoCover 2000 product. All images used in GeoCover were acquired by Landsat 7 during the period of 1999-2002. The pixel size of the full resolution image represents 14.25 m on the ground. The Chesapeake Bay mosaic uses portions of eight Landsat-7 scenes. Below you will find a listing of the eight Landsat 7 images that were put together to create the composite image. Landsat scenes are organized by a Path and Row number according to the Worldwide Reference System. (To learn more about Landsat's Worldwide Reference System, please visit: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/wrs.html)Scenes used in the Chesapeake Bay mosaic:Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 32 acquired on Oct. 05, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 32 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 33 acquired on October 05, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 33 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 34 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 34 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 || ",
            "hits": 130
        },
        {
            "id": 3472,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3472/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-04-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chesapeake Bay Flyover and Watershed Region",
            "description": "The watershed that drains into the Chesapeake Bay is a huge expanse that extends 64,000 miles into six states across North America (New York, Pensylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia, and West Virginia) and the District of Columbia. This visualization overlays the full watershed onto a Landsat satellite visualization of the Bay area. The eight different distinctly colored regions indicate the Chesapeake's major subwatersheds. These subwatershed regions are: Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, MD West Shore, Rapahhannock, Eastern Shore, James and York. This visualization is an extension of the Chesapeake Bay Flyover (#3446) in order to demonstrate the entire Chesapeake Bay Watershed region. The imagery utilized for this animation is a false-color  Chesapeake Bay Landsat-7 Mosaic (#3473) composed of eight scenes acquired between 1999-2002, which were put together and color corrected to resemble natural looking colors.Data Notes:The mosaic was created by EarthSat under contract with NASA as part of the GeoCover 2000 product. All images used in GeoCover were acquired by Landsat-7 during the period of 1999-2002. The pixel size of the full resolution image represents 14.25 m on the ground. The Chesapeake Bay mosaic uses portions of eight Landsat-7 scenes. Below you will find a listing of the eight Landsat 7 images that were put together to create the composite image. Landsat scenes are organized by a Path and Row number according to the Worldwide Reference System. (To learn more about Landsat's Worldwide Reference System, please visit: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/wrs.html)Scenes used in the Chesapeake Bay mosaic: Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 32 acquired on Oct. 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 32 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 33 acquired on October 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 33 acquired on July 10, 2001Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 34 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 34 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 || ",
            "hits": 159
        },
        {
            "id": 3473,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3473/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-04-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chesapeake Bay Landsat-7 Mosaic",
            "description": "The Chesapeake Bay Landsat-7 Mosaic is a composite of eight Landsat-7 scenes acquired during the period of 1999-2002, where each pixel represents about 15 square meters on the ground. The original data set was a false-color Landsat-7 (ETM+) image using bands 7,4,2 and the panchromatic band (8). Color correction has been applied to resemble natural looking colors.This page offers the full color-corrected data set for download and lets you look around at it using the online viewer. You can navigate the online image by using the zoom and pan controls at the bottom center of the image and use the inset red box at the upper left corner as a reference.This imagery data has been utilized to create the following animations:#3446: Chesapeake Bay Flyover#3472: Chesapeake Bay Flyover and Watershed Region #3477: Chesapeake Bay Watershed Region (short version)  Data Notes:The mosaic was created by EarthSat under contract with NASA as part of the GeoCover 2000 product. All images used in GeoCover were acquired by Landsat-7 during the period of 1999-2002. The pixel size of the full resolution image represents 14.25 m on the ground. The Chesapeake Bay mosaic uses portions of eight Landsat-7 scenes. Below you will find a listing of the eight Landsat 7 images that were put together to create the composite image. Landsat scenes are organized by a Path and Row number according to the Worldwide Reference System. (To learn more about Landsat's Worldwide Reference System, please visit: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/wrs.html)Scenes used in the Chesapeake Bay mosaic: Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 32 acquired on Oct. 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 32 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 33 acquired on October 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 33 acquired on July 10, 2001Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 34 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 34 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 || ",
            "hits": 18
        },
        {
            "id": 3477,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3477/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-04-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chesapeake Bay Watershed Region (short version)",
            "description": "The watershed that drains into the Chesapeake Bay is a huge expanse that extends 64,000 miles into five states across North America (New York, Pensylvania, Maryland, Delaware, Virginia) and the District of Columbia. This visualization overlays the full watershed onto a Landsat satellite visualization of the Bay area. The eight different distinctly colored regions indicate the Chesapeake's major subwatersheds. These subwatershed regions are: Susquehanna, Potomac, Patuxent, MD West Shore, Rapahhannock, Eastern Shore, James and York. This visualization contains just the last part of the  Chesapeake Bay Flyover and Watershed Region (#3472) animation and demonstrates the entire Watershed without the Chesapeake Bay flyover. This animation highlights and labels each subwatershed in turn. Data Notes:The mosaic was created by EarthSat under contract with NASA as part of the GeoCover 2000 product. All images used in GeoCover were acquired by Landsat-7 during the period of 1999-2002. The pixel size of the full resolution image represents 14.25 m on the ground. The Chesapeake Bay mosaic uses portions of eight Landsat-7 scenes. Below you will find a listing of the eight Landsat 7 images that were put together to create the composite image. Landsat scenes are organized by a Path and Row number according to the Worldwide Reference System. (To learn more about Landsat's Worldwide Reference System, please visit: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/wrs.html)Scenes used in the Chesapeake Bay mosaic: Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 32 acquired on Oct. 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 32 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 33 acquired on October 05, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 33 acquired on July 10, 2001Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 34 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 34 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat-7 WRS Path 15-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat-7 WRS Path 14-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 3493,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3493/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-04-21T08:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Chesapeake Bay Cities",
            "description": "This animation takes us on a tour around the Chesapeake Bay region visiting major city centers in the surrounding states: Maryland, Virginia, Delaware and the District of Columbia. The imagery utilized for this animation is a false-color Chesapeake Bay Landsat-7 Mosaic (#3473) composed of eight scenes acquired between 1999-2002, which were put together and color corrected to resemble natural looking colors.The mosaic was created by EarthSat under contract with NASA as part of the GeoCover 2000 product. All images used in GeoCover were acquired by Landsat 7 during the period of 1999-2002. The pixel size of the full resolution image represents 14.25 m on the ground. The Chesapeake Bay mosaic uses portions of eight Landsat-7 scenes. Below you will find a listing of the eight Landsat 7 images that were put together to create the composite image. Landsat scenes are organized by a Path and Row number according to the Worldwide Reference System. (To learn more about Landsat's Worldwide Reference System, please visit: http://landsat.gsfc.nasa.gov/about/wrs.html)Scenes used in the Chesapeake Bay mosaic: Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 32 acquired on Oct. 05, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 32 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 33 acquired on October 05, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 33 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 34 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 34 acquired on July 10, 2001 Landsat 7 WRS Path 15-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 30, 1999 Landsat 7 WRS Path 14-Row 35 acquired on Sept. 23, 1999 || ",
            "hits": 19
        },
        {
            "id": 3460,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3460/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2007-09-21T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Change in Elevation over Greenland with Alternate Color Scale",
            "description": "Changes in the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are critical in quantifying forecasts for sea level rise. Since its launch in January 2003, the ICESat elevation satellite has been measuring the change in thickness of these ice sheets. This image of Greenland shows the changes in elevation over the Greenland ice sheet between 2003 and 2006, The white regions indicate a slight thickening, while the blue shades indicate a thinning of the ice sheet. Gray indicates areas where no change in elevation was measured. || ",
            "hits": 71
        },
        {
            "id": 3455,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3455/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2007-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Nadir View of Change in Elevation over Greenland with  a Blue/Yellow Color Scale",
            "description": "Changes in the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are critical in quantifying forecasts for sea level rise. Since its launch in January 2003, the ICESat elevation satellite has been measuring the change in thickness of these ice sheets. This image of Greenland shows the changes in elevation over the Greenland ice sheet between 2003 and 2006. Gray areas indicate no change in elevation. The white regions indicate a slight thickening, while the blue and purple shades indicate a thinning of the ice sheet. || ",
            "hits": 121
        },
        {
            "id": 3413,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3413/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2007-05-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Towers in the Tempest",
            "description": "This visualization won Honorable Mention in the National Science Foundation's Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge in September 2007. It was also shown during the SIGGRAPH 2008 Computer Animation Festival in Los Angeles, CA. 'Towers in the Tempest' is a 4.5 minute narrated animation that explains recent scientific insights into how hurricanes intensify. This intensification can be caused by a phenomenon called a 'hot tower'. For the first time, research meteorologists have run complex simulations using a very fine temporal resolution of 3 minutes. Combining this simulation data with satellite observations enables detailed study of 'hot towers'. The science of 'hot towers' is described using: observed hurricane data from a satellite, descriptive illustrations, and volumetric visualizations of simulation data. The first section of the animation shows actual data from Hurricane Bonnie observed by NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) spacecraft. Three dimensional precipitation radar data reveal a strong 'hot tower' in Hurricane Bonnie's internal structure. The second section uses illustrations to show the dynamics of a hurricane and the formation of 'hot towers'. 'Hot towers' are formed as air spirals inward towards the eye and is forced rapidly upwards, accelerating the movement of energy into high altitude clouds. The third section shows these processes using volumetric cloud, wind, and vorticity data from a supercomputer simulation of Hurricane Bonnie. Vertical wind speed data highlights a 'hot tower'. Arrows representing the wind field move rapidly up into the 'hot tower, boosting the energy and intensifying the hurricane. Combining satellite observations with super-computer simulations provides a powerful tool for studying Earth's complex systems. The complete script is available here . The storyboard is available here . There is also a movie of storyboard drawings with narration below. || ",
            "hits": 74
        }
    ]
}