{ "count": 86, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 31142, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31142/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2020-05-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "COVID-19: NASA Satellite Data Show Drop in Air Pollution Over U.S.", "description": "Tropospheric NO2 Column, March 15-April 15 2015-2019 average vs. 2020, USA regions || 3-regions_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [141.7 KB] || 3-regions_1080p.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [62.9 KB] || 3-regions_1080p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.2 KB] || 3-regions_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.9 MB] || 3-regions_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [1.0 MB] || 3-regions_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || 3-regions_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [5.6 MB] || ", "hits": 107 }, { "id": 31094, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31094/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2020-02-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Vintage Photos of Earth at Night—NASA’s Mercury-Atlas Mission", "description": "Vintage Photos of Earth at Night—NASA’s Mercury-Atlas Mission || Page10-11_MercuryHyperwall_5760x3240_19.2x10.8_print.jpg (1024x576) [95.7 KB] || Page10-11_MercuryHyperwall_5760x3240_19.2x10.8.png (5760x3240) [16.0 MB] || Page10-11_MercuryHyperwall_5760x3240_19.2x10.8_searchweb.png (180x320) [86.6 KB] || Page10-11_MercuryHyperwall_5760x3240_19.2x10.8_thm.png (80x40) [5.9 KB] || vintage-photos-of-earth-at-nightnasas-mercury-atlas-mission.hwshow [375 bytes] || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 31049, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31049/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-08-07T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The A-Train & C-Train", "description": "A-Train_C-Train_TimeSeps2018_HW || A-Train_C-Train_TimeSeps2018_HW_print.jpg (1024x576) [932.9 KB] || A-Train_C-Train_TimeSeps2018_HW.jpg (5760x3240) [13.3 MB] || A-Train_C-Train_TimeSeps2018_HW_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.3 KB] || A-Train_C-Train_TimeSeps2018_HW_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || the-a-train-c-train-time-seps.hwshow [315 bytes] || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 31028, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31028/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Long-term Global Warming trend, 2018 update", "description": "Global temperature anomaly for 2018 || gistemp_yearly_anomaly_2018_print.jpg (1024x574) [70.6 KB] || gistemp_yearly_anomaly_2018_searchweb.png (320x180) [54.6 KB] || gistemp_yearly_anomaly_2018_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || gistemp_yearly_anomaly_2018.tif (4104x2304) [2.4 MB] || gistemp_yearly_anomaly_2018.hwshow [222 bytes] || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 31029, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31029/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Shanghai Growth from the International Space Station", "description": "An animation comparing Shanghai night lights in 2003 and 2018 || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.6 KB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe.png (3840x2160) [9.5 MB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.3 KB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [6.1 MB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [3.5 MB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_720p30.webm (1280x720) [1.1 MB] || shanghai_2003-2018_wipe_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [13.8 MB] || ", "hits": 54 }, { "id": 30977, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30977/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Nighttime Views of the 2018 Kilauea Eruption", "description": "An animation of Landsat-8 truecolor and nighttime imagery shows the prograssion of the East Rift Zone eruption. || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_20180712_print.jpg (1024x576) [70.6 KB] || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_20180712.png (3840x2160) [1.8 MB] || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_20180712_searchweb.png (320x180) [45.1 KB] || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_20180712_thm.png (80x40) [3.8 KB] || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [2.7 MB] || kilauea_2018_east_rift_zone_720p.webm (1280x720) [1.9 MB] || ", "hits": 109 }, { "id": 30215, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30215/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-03-15T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "Urban Growth in Las Vegas", "description": "The city of Las Vegas—meaning the meadows—was established in 1905. Its grassy meadows and artesian springs attracted settlers traveling across the arid Desert Southwest in the early 1800s. In the 1930s, gambling became legalized and construction of the Hoover Dam began, resulting in the city's first growth spurt. Since then, Las Vegas has not stopped growing. Population has reached nearly two million over the past decade, becoming one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the world. These false-color images show the rapid urbanization of Las Vegas between 1972 and 2018. The city streets and other impervious surfaces appear gray, while irrigated vegetation appears red. Over the years, the expansion of irrigated vegetation (e.g., lawns and golf courses) has stretched the city’s desert bounds. || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 30920, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30920/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-12-11T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Total Ozone and UV, 2017", "description": "Southern hemisphere ozone 2017 || ozone_sh_20171130_print.jpg (1024x574) [48.8 KB] || ozone_sh_20171130.png (4104x2304) [1.3 MB] || ozone_sh_20171130_searchweb.png (320x180) [32.4 KB] || ozone_sh_20171130_thm.png (80x40) [3.5 KB] || test.hwshow [319 bytes] || ", "hits": 124 }, { "id": 30919, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30919/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-12-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "A Changing Earth at Night", "description": "Changes in lights from 2012 to 2016 || BlackMarble20162012diff500m_cb_print.jpg (1024x574) [96.1 KB] || BlackMarble20162012diff500m_cb_searchweb.png (180x320) [32.4 KB] || BlackMarble20162012diff500m_cb_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || BlackMarble20162012diff500m_cb.tif (4104x2304) [3.6 MB] || BlackMarble20162012diff500m.tif (4104x2052) [3.5 MB] || BlackMarble20162012diff500m_huge.tif (86400x43200) [868.6 MB] || a-changing-earth-at-night.hwshow [223 bytes] || ", "hits": 68 }, { "id": 30897, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30897/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-09-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Three Consecutive Swaths of Data, Three Different Hurricanes", "description": "It is extremely rare for a hurricane to show up in three consecutive swaths of data acquired by the same satellite. On September 7, 2017, hurricanes Katia (left, Category 1), Irma (center, Category 5), and Jose (right, Category 3) lined up across the Atlantic basin. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA’s Terra satellite acquired each image around 11:00 AM local time. The Atlantic hasn’t had three hurricanes at once since 2010 when hurricanes Igor, Julia, and Karl marched across the tropics—storms that also begin with letters I, J, and K. On September 5, Irma was labeled as an “extremely dangerous” Category 5 storm. Irma passed north of the Dominican Republic on September 7. This historically intense hurricane, which maintained winds of 185 miles per hour longer than any storm ever recorded on Earth, made landfall on Cuba’s Camaguey archipelago as a Category 5 hurricane on September 8, again at Cudjoe Key in lower Florida Keys as a Category 4 on September 10, and a final time in Florida later that day on Marco Island as a Category 3 storm. On September 6, Katia had strengthened over the southwestern Gulf of Mexico and was upgraded from tropical storm to Category 1 hurricane status. Katia shortly became a Category 2 storm on September 8, making landfall later that evening as a Category 1 storm north of Tecolutla, Mexico. Jose became a Category 1 storm on September 6 and rapidly intensified into a Category 4 storm by September 8. It remained a Category 4 storm until September 10. As of September 12, Jose is a Category 1 storm. The National Hurricane Center predicts that the storm will not make landfall in the next five days. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 30073, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30073/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-09-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Water Level in Lake Powell", "description": "Among the dams on the Colorado River is the Glen Canyon Dam, which creates Lake Powell. This series of natural-color Landsat images shows the dramatic drop in Lake Powell’s water level between 1999 and 2025 caused by prolonged drought and water withdrawals.", "hits": 118 }, { "id": 30872, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30872/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-08-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Where Does Lightning Strike?", "description": "Lightning flash counts are accumulated to create a long-term average lightning flash rate. || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_print.jpg (1024x576) [116.7 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_searchweb.png (180x320) [44.9 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_thm.png (80x40) [3.6 KB] || ligtning_v1_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.0 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [10.3 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.webm (1280x720) [4.1 MB] || ", "hits": 273 }, { "id": 4565, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4565/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-05-04T19:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Changes in Carbon Dioxide", "description": "Narrated visualization showing seasonal drawdown in carbon dioxideThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || co2_science_comp.0740_print.jpg (1024x576) [118.8 KB] || co2_science_comp.0740_searchweb.png (180x320) [75.9 KB] || co2_science_comp.0740_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || CO2_Science_001_DDMMYY.m4v (1280x720) [66.6 MB] || CO2_Science_001_DDMMYY.webmhd.webm (1080x606) [17.7 MB] || CO2_Science_001_MM.m4v (1280x720) [66.5 MB] || comp (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || CO2_Science_001_DDMMYY.mp4 (1920x1080) [147.8 MB] || CO2_Science_001_MM.mp4 (1920x1080) [147.9 MB] || CO2_Science.en_US.srt [1.7 KB] || CO2_Science.en_US.vtt [1.7 KB] || CO2_Science_001_DDMMYY.mov (1920x1080) [1.1 GB] || CO2_Science_001_MM.mov (1920x1080) [1.1 GB] || ", "hits": 164 }, { "id": 4514, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4514/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-12-13T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Carbon Dioxide from GMAO using Assimilated OCO-2 Data", "description": "Carbon Dioxide from the GEOS-5 modelThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || co2_30.with_labels.2000_print.jpg (1024x576) [90.1 KB] || co2_30.with_labels.2000_searchweb.png (180x320) [64.0 KB] || co2_30.with_labels.2000_thm.png (80x40) [5.9 KB] || co2_30.with_labels_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [75.6 MB] || co2_30.with_labels_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [11.3 MB] || co2_30.with_labels_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [12.2 MB] || final_no_dates (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || final_with_labels (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || co2_30.with_labels.key [77.8 MB] || co2_30.with_labels.pptx [77.4 MB] || co2_30.with_labels_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [306.7 MB] || co2_30.with_labels_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [192 bytes] || ", "hits": 119 }, { "id": 4519, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4519/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-12-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Assimilation of OCO-2 Carbon Dioxide into the GEOS Simulation", "description": "This visualization starts by showing carbon dioxide values (colored squares) being measured by the OCO-2 sensor. Soon the total carbon dioxide from the GEOS global atmosphere simulation is shown under the OCO-2 data. Every six hours, the OCO-2 measurements are used to adjust the GEOS simulation values to agree with observed values at those locations, a process called data assimilation. In order to see this process, look for locations where OCO-2 values are shortly followed by local changes in the background data. Carbon dioxide is shown in parts per million by volume (ppmv).This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || ocogeoscomp.01560_print.jpg (1024x576) [98.7 KB] || ocogeoscomp.01560_searchweb.png (320x180) [64.2 KB] || ocogeoscomp.01560_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || ocogeoscomp-annotated_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [19.5 MB] || ocogeoscomp-annotated_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [108.6 MB] || ocogeoscomp_new_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [106.2 MB] || newannotated (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || newcomp (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ocogeoscomp-annotated_4519.key [109.8 MB] || ocogeoscomp-annotated_4519.pptx [109.5 MB] || ocogeoscomp-annotated_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [336.7 MB] || ocogeoscomp_new_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [333.7 MB] || the-earth-observing-fleet-by-theme-aerosols-atmospheric-chemistry.hwshow [1.5 KB] || ocogeoscomp_new_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ", "hits": 78 }, { "id": 30798, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30798/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-08-25T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Landsat Spots the ISS", "description": "ISS passing through the various bands of the Landsat 8 OLI sensor || ISS_from_Landsat_9slices_print.jpg (1024x574) [74.8 KB] || ISS_from_Landsat_9slices.png (4104x2304) [27.1 MB] || ISS_from_Landsat_9slices_searchweb.png (320x180) [45.4 KB] || ISS_from_Landsat_9slices_thm.png (80x40) [4.8 KB] || landsat-spots-the-iss-9-slices.hwshow [222 bytes] || ", "hits": 183 }, { "id": 30789, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30789/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-07-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Scatterometry Timeline", "description": "A timeline of NASA scatterometry instruments. || scatterometry_timeline_print.jpg (1024x574) [571.7 KB] || scatterometry_timeline.jpg (4104x2304) [4.8 MB] || scatterometry_timeline_searchweb.png (320x180) [95.4 KB] || scatterometry_timeline_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || scatterometry_timeline.hwshow [212 bytes] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 30771, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30771/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-04-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "4K Video from the ISS, April 2016", "description": "ISS crew Earth observations, || earth_obs_00720_print.jpg (1024x576) [164.4 KB] || earth_obs_00720.png (3840x2160) [31.7 MB] || earth_obs_00720_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.1 KB] || earth_obs_00720_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || ISS_Crew_Earth_Observations_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [19.7 MB] || ISS_Crew_Earth_Observations_720p.webm (1280x720) [7.5 MB] || ISS_Crew_Earth_Observations_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [80.1 MB] || ", "hits": 613 }, { "id": 30762, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30762/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-03-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Jason-3 Begins Mapping the Ocean", "description": "Launched on January 17, 2016, Jason-3 is a partnership that includes NOAA, NASA, CNES, and EUMETSAT. After launch, Jason-3 was maneuvered into orbit about 80 seconds behind Jason-2, where it collected data at essentially the same time and place. It will stay in this tandem orbit for about six months while scientists and engineers take a careful look at any differences between Jason-2 and Jason-3. The map shown here was generated using sea surface height measurements from the first 10 days (February 12-20, 2016) of data collected once Jason-3 reached its operational orbit of 830 miles (1336 kilometers). The map corresponds well to data from its predecessor, Jason-2. Higher-than-normal sea levels are red; lower-than-normal sea levels are blue. El Niño is visible as the red blob in the eastern equatorial Pacific. After that, Jason-2 will move to an interleaved orbit (ground tracks halfway between those of Jason-3) where the two missions collectively will provide double the observational coverage of the global ocean. Extending the timeline of ocean surface topography measurements begun by the Topex/Poseidon and Jason-1 and Jason-2 satellites; Jason-3 will make highly detailed measurements of sea-level on Earth to monitor climate change and track phenomena like El Niño. It will also enable more accurate weather, ocean, and climate forecasts, including helping global weather and environmental agencies more accurately forecast the strength of tropical cyclones. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 30758, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30758/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-03-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "March 2016 Total Solar Eclipse", "description": "These two views of the March 2016 total solar eclipse, visible to those living in parts of Indonesia (including Sumatra, Borneo, and Sulawesi) and from locations in the Pacific Ocean, look similar but come from completely different perspectives. The side-by-side visualizations reveal information about the orbits of the two instruments that observed the event. On the left, a series of images taken by NASA’s Earth Polychromatic Imaging Camera (EPIC) onboard the Deep Space Climate Observatory (DSCOVR) show the eclipse from its orbit at the first Lagrange point (L1)—a point about 1,000,000 miles (1,609,344 km) from Earth where the force of Earth's gravity almost exactly matches that of the Sun. As the DSCOVR spacecraft slowly orbits around L1 (always viewing the sunlit side of Earth) the area of reflected sunlight near the center of the globe remains stationary. During the eclipse, the moon’s shadow crosses the face of the Earth’s surface as Earth appears to rotate from left (west) to right (east) below.In contrast, Himawari-8, a Japanese weather spacecraft, is in geostationary orbit at an altitude of ~35,791 km (22,239 mi). This means that Himawari-8 is positioned over a particular spot on Earth—located at 141 degrees East, 0 degrees North. During the eclipse, the moon's shadow appears mid-ocean and races off to the east (right), while the area of reflected sunlight appears to move right (east) to left (west) across the Earth’s surface. The instruments onboard Himawari-8 and DSCOVR use different spectral bands so the colors of the two images appear different. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 30747, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30747/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-01-29T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "2015 El Niño Disrupts Ocean Chlorophyll", "description": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly & Ocean Color variations during El Nino vs. La Nina, using the rainbow colorbar for Ocean Color || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [116.9 KB] || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.4 MB] || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [1.4 MB] || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_720p.webm (1280x720) [3.8 MB] || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [7.5 MB] || ocean_color_ssta_swipe_new_rainbow_360p.mp4 (640x360) [530.1 KB] || ", "hits": 106 }, { "id": 30736, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30736/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-12-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Mountainous Shoreline of Sputnik Planum", "description": "Sputnik Planum || nh-mountainousshorline_print.jpg (1024x1105) [426.2 KB] || nh-mountainousshorline.png (2520x2720) [19.6 MB] || nh-mountainousshorline_searchweb.png (320x180) [50.7 KB] || nh-mountainousshorline_thm.png (80x40) [3.0 KB] || mountainous_shoreline_sputnik_planum_30736.key [22.2 MB] || mountainous_shoreline_sputnik_planum_30736.pptx [4.4 MB] || the-mountainous-shoreline-of-sputnik-planum.hwshow [311 bytes] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 30726, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30726/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-11-19T09:00:00-05:00", "title": "NuSTAR Stares at the Sun", "description": "Blue-White areas in composite image with NuSTAR data show most energetic spots. || nustar_sun_PIA19821_print.jpg (1024x576) [80.4 KB] || nustar_sun_PIA19821_searchweb.png (180x320) [45.4 KB] || nustar_sun_PIA19821_thm.png (80x40) [9.5 KB] || nustar_sun_PIA19821.tif (5760x3240) [10.8 MB] || nustar_sun_30726.key [13.4 MB] || nustar_sun_30726.pptx [10.8 MB] || nustar_sun_PIA19821.hwshow [206 bytes] || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 30707, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30707/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-10-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Curiosity Selfies, Fall 2015", "description": "The Mars Science Laboratory’s Curiosity has the unique ability to capture self-portraits, or selfies. Curiosity uses the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) located at the end of its robotic arm to capture sets of thumbnail images that are then stitched together to create full-color mosaics. The rover’s robotic arm is positioned out of the shot in the images, or portions of images, used to create the mosaics and therefore, is not visible.These images show Curiosity on October 31, 2012, October 5, 2015, and August 5, 2015. The October 2012 selfie was taken when the rover was located at \"Rocknest,” the spot in Gale Crater where the mission's first scoop sampling took place. The October 2015 selfie was taken nearly 3 years later, when the rover was located at the \"Big Sky” site, where its drill collected the mission's fifth taste of Mount Sharp. Lastly, the August 2015 selfie was taken when the rover was located at \"Buckskin” on lower Mount Sharp. Selfies like this one document the state of the rover and allow mission engineers to track changes over time such as dust accumulation and wheel wear shown here. For scale, the rover's wheels are 20 inches (50 centimeters) in diameter and about 16 inches (40 centimeters) wide. Only MAHLI (among the rover's 17 cameras) is able to image some parts of the craft, including the portside wheels. || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30695, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30695/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-10-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Rich Color Variations of Pluto", "description": "An enhanced view of Pluto shows color variations across the surface || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952_print.jpg (1024x576) [98.9 KB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952_searchweb.png (180x320) [45.6 KB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952_thm.png (80x40) [9.2 KB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952.tif (5760x3240) [14.0 MB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952.pptx [12.2 MB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952.key [14.9 MB] || pluto_enhanced_release_30695_PIA19952.key [14.9 MB] || pluto_enhanced_release_30695_PIA19952.pptx [12.2 MB] || pluto_enhanced_release_PIA19952.hwshow [230 bytes] || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 30696, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30696/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-10-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Water on Mars", "description": "A false color image of lineae in Hale crater. || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_print.jpg (1024x576) [246.5 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_searchweb.png (180x320) [124.1 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5_thm.png (80x40) [8.3 KB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5.tif (6481x3646) [14.5 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_30696.key [17.3 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_30696.pptx [14.5 MB] || mars_seasonal_water_hale_crater_view5.hwshow [236 bytes] || ", "hits": 63 }, { "id": 30669, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30669/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-09-30T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "Modeled Phytoplankton Communities in the Global Ocean", "description": "Phytoplankton are the base of the marine food web and are crucial players in the Earth's carbon cycle. They are also incredibly diverse. This visualization shows dominant phytoplankton types from 1994-1998 generated by the Darwin Project using a high-resolution ocean and ecosystem model. The model contains flow fields from 1994-1998 (generated by the ECCO2 model), inorganic nutrients, 78 species of phytoplankton, zooplankton, as well as particulate and dissolved organic matter. Colors represent the most dominant type of phytoplankton at a given location based on their size and ability to uptake nutrients. Red represents diatoms (big phytoplankton, which need silica), yellow represents flagellates (other big phytoplankton), green represents prochlorococcus (small phytoplankton that cannot use nitrate), and cyan represents synechococcus (other small phytoplankton). Opacity indicates concentration of the carbon biomass.A key part of the Darwin Project is developing theoretical and numerical models of the marine ecosystems. The data shown here are from a simulation of the Darwin model in a physical run of the Massachusetts Institute of Technology general circulation model by the Estimating the Circulation and Climate of the Ocean (ECCO) group. The model provides a laboratory to explore the controls on biodiversity and the biogeography of different phytoplankton species. In particular, the role of the swirls and filaments (mesoscale features) appear important in maintaining high biodiversity in the ocean. || ", "hits": 132 }, { "id": 30684, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30684/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-09-25T15:00:00-04:00", "title": "Flyby of JWST at L2 Point", "description": "A flyby of the James Webb Space Telescope at the second LaGrange point || jwst_flyby-example_frame-1920x1080.png (1920x1080) [1.4 MB] || jwst_flyby-example_frame-1920x1080.jpg (1080x1920) [148.1 KB] || jwst_flyby-example_frame-1920x1080_searchweb.png (180x320) [52.2 KB] || jwst_flyby-example_frame-1920x1080_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || jwst_flyby-b-1920x1080.wmv (1920x1080) [31.2 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [19.6 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [19.1 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-1920x1080.m4v (1920x1080) [31.1 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-1920x1080p24.webm (1920x1080) [4.6 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-30684.key [22.3 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-30684.pptx [19.9 MB] || jwst_flyby-b-1920x1080p24.mov (1920x1080) [176.2 MB] || flyby-of-jwst-at-l2-point.hwshow [218 bytes] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 30623, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30623/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-29T23:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ultra-High-Definition Video from the International Space Station", "description": "Footage from a 4k video camera on ISS || iss_red_camera_2015.png (3840x1920) [5.4 MB] || iss_red_camera_2015_print.jpg (1024x512) [94.4 KB] || iss_red_camera_2015_searchweb.png (180x320) [65.2 KB] || iss_red_camera_2015_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || iss_red_camera_2015_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [25.7 MB] || iss_red_camera_2015_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [51.5 MB] || iss_red_camera_2015_720p.webm (1280x720) [14.3 MB] || UDH_ISS_30623.key [29.1 MB] || UDH_ISS_30623.pptx [26.6 MB] || iss_red_camera_2015_3840x1920.mp4 (3840x1920) [145.3 MB] || ", "hits": 875 }, { "id": 30624, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30624/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-29T23:00:00-04:00", "title": "One-Year Crew Docking to the International Space Station", "description": "This video has been prepared for use on the hyperwall. It has been speeded up by a factor of 50 from real-time.This video was taken by the crewmembers aboard the Soyuz TMA-16M spacecraft which docked to the International Space Station at 9:33 PM EDT March 27, 2015. NASA astronaut Scott Kelly and Russian cosmonauts Mikhail Kornienko and Gennady Padalka arrived just six hours after launching from Baikonur, Kazakhstan, completing four orbits around the Earth before catching up with the orbiting laboratory. The vehicle docked to the Poisk module (also known as the Mini-Research Module 2) on the space-facing side of the Russian Service Module. The spinning object in view is an antenna that is part of the automatic rendezvous and docking system known as KURS.Kelly and Kornienko will spend about a year living and working aboard the space station to help scientists better understand how the human body reacts and adapts to the harsh environment of space. Most expeditions to the space station last four to six months. By doubling the length of this mission, researchers hope to better understand how the human body reacts and adapts to long-duration spaceflight. This knowledge is critical as NASA looks toward human journeys deeper into the solar system, including to and from Mars, which could last 500 days or longer. It also carries potential benefits for humans here on Earth, from helping patients recover from long periods of bed rest to improving monitoring for people whose bodies are unable to fight infections. || ", "hits": 175 }, { "id": 30619, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30619/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Close-Ups of Pluto", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || Close-up of a Mountain range on Pluto || pluto_icy_mountains_20150715_print.jpg (1024x574) [146.7 KB] || pluto_icy_mountains_20150715.jpg (1515x1005) [524.8 KB] || pluto_icy_mountains_20150715_searchweb.png (180x320) [83.3 KB] || pluto_icy_mountains_20150715_thm.png (80x40) [25.3 KB] || close_up_Pluto_30619.key [2.8 MB] || close_up_Pluto_30619.pptx [321.9 KB] || pluto_icy_mountains_20150715.hwshow [224 bytes] || ", "hits": 65 }, { "id": 30620, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30620/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pluto's Moons", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 30617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30617/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pluto's Atmosphere", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || A photo of Pluto backlit by the sun reveals a layer of haze || pluto_haze_print.jpg (1024x574) [27.2 KB] || pluto_haze.jpg (1920x1080) [196.4 KB] || pluto_haze_searchweb.png (180x320) [12.9 KB] || pluto_haze_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || pluto_haze_30617.key [2.5 MB] || pluto_haze_30617.pptx [115.9 KB] || pluto_haze.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30618, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30618/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-27T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pluto's Surface Composition", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || The Ralph instrument detected frozen methane, nitrogen, and carbon monoxide on Pluto || pluto_ices_print.jpg (1024x574) [83.9 KB] || pluto_ices.png (4096x2304) [3.2 MB] || pluto_ices_searchweb.png (180x320) [37.2 KB] || pluto_ices_thm.png (80x40) [3.1 KB] || pluto_ices_30618.key [6.2 MB] || pluto_ices_30618.pptx [3.6 MB] || pluto_ices.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 2688 }, { "id": 30614, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30614/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Blue Marble 2002", "description": "Blue Marble 2002 || blue_marble_modis_north_america_print.jpg (1024x574) [120.8 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_searchweb.png (180x320) [51.1 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_thm.png (80x40) [7.5 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america.tif (4104x2304) [7.2 MB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_30614.key [8.8 MB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_30614.pptx [6.2 MB] || ", "hits": 300 }, { "id": 30611, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30611/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "First Views of Pluto in High Resolution", "description": "Images of Pluto from New Horizons prepared for the hyperwall. || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 30604, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30604/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-06-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "CERES Radiation Fluxes", "description": "These maps show monthly reflected-shortwave radiation from March 2000 to the present from the Energy Balanced and Filled (EBAF) data product. These data are produced by averaging observations collected by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites, filling in gaps and constraining the fluxes to remove the inconsistency between average global net TOA flux and heat storage in the Earth-atmosphere system. || ", "hits": 216 }, { "id": 30603, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30603/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-06-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "CERES Cloud Radiative Effect", "description": "CERES Net Cloud Radiative Effect || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_print.jpg (1024x574) [102.2 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015.png (4104x2304) [2.1 MB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.4 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_30603.pptx [3.0 MB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_30603.key [5.6 MB] || ", "hits": 126 }, { "id": 30602, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30602/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-06-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Antarctic Ozone Hole Will Recover", "description": "October average minimum ozone over Antarctica || ozone_recovery_update_2017_print.jpg (1024x643) [96.8 KB] || ozone_recovery_update_2017.png (3800x2389) [34.7 MB] || ozone_recovery_update_2017_searchweb.png (320x180) [45.8 KB] || ozone_recovery_update_2017_thm.png (80x40) [4.8 KB] || ozone_hole_recover_30602.key [4.9 MB] || ozone_hole_recover_30602.pptx [2.4 MB] || the-antarctic-ozone-hole-will-recover-in-the-latter-half-of-the-21st-century.hwshow [205 bytes] || ", "hits": 295 }, { "id": 30601, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30601/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-05-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "SMAP's First High-Resolution Global Soil Moisture Map", "description": "A global map of soil moisture || smap_global_moisture_20150504-20150511_PIA19337_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.1 KB] || smap_global_moisture_20150504-20150511_PIA19337.png (5760x3240) [5.3 MB] || smap_global_moisture_20150504-20150511_PIA19337_searchweb.png (320x180) [43.4 KB] || smap_global_moisture_20150504-20150511_PIA19337_thm.png (80x40) [4.7 KB] || smap_global_moisture_30601.pptx [5.8 MB] || smap_global_moisture_30601.key [8.5 MB] || smap_global_moisture_20150504-20150511_PIA19337.hwshow [262 bytes] || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 30598, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30598/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-05-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "SMAP Radar Shows Spring Thaw", "description": "Feeze/Thaw state for two days in April 2015 || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_pia11399_print.jpg (1024x574) [171.9 KB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_pia11399.png (4104x2304) [1022.1 KB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_pia11399_searchweb.png (320x180) [72.3 KB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_pia11399_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_30598.key [3.9 MB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_30598.pptx [1.3 MB] || smap_freeze_thaw_2015_pia11399.hwshow || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 30599, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30599/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-05-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Soil Moisture Maps and Australian Rainfall", "description": "A series of images shows soil moisture and flooding in Australia. || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015_print.jpg (1024x574) [129.9 KB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015.png (4104x2304) [1.6 MB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015_searchweb.png (180x320) [62.4 KB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015_30599.key [4.6 MB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015_30599.pptx [2.0 MB] || smap_rainfall_australia_april_2015.hwshow [236 bytes] || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 30581, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30581/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-01-21T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "SMAP Photos", "description": "SMAP prepared for shipping at JPL || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_print.jpg (1024x722) [285.8 KB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl.jpg (5396x3807) [10.0 MB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_web.jpg (319x225) [62.5 KB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_searchweb.png (320x180) [125.3 KB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_thm.png (80x40) [29.7 KB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_30581.pptx [10.1 MB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl_30581.key [12.7 MB] || smap20141015_load_at_jpl.hwshow [97 bytes] || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 30555, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30555/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-12-05T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Projected Suitable Habitats for Whitebark Pine", "description": "Projected changes in suitable habitats for whitebark pine from 2010-2099. || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine_print.jpg (1024x576) [127.0 KB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.3 KB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine_web.png (320x180) [91.3 KB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine.webm (1280x720) [8.1 MB] || 4104x2304_16x9_30p (4104x2304) [256.0 KB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine.mp4 (1280x720) [201.0 MB] || Projected_Hab_Whitebark_pine_4096x2304.mp4 (4104x2304) [284.3 MB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine.pptx [202.2 MB] || proj_suitable_habitats_whitebark_pine.key [205.0 MB] || projected-suitable-habitats-for-whitebark-pine.hwshow [243 bytes] || ", "hits": 8 }, { "id": 30554, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30554/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-12-02T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "Climate Change in Yellowstone", "description": "Projected changes in late spring temperatures for the US from 1950-2100. || climate_change_in_yellowstone_print.jpg (1024x576) [77.7 KB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone_searchweb.png (320x180) [40.9 KB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone_web.png (320x180) [40.9 KB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone.webm (1280x720) [3.5 MB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone.mov (1280x720) [15.8 MB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone.pptx [16.5 MB] || climate_change_in_yellowstone.key [19.1 MB] || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 30530, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30530/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-11-06T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Studying Habitability in Ancient Martian Environments", "description": "This image shows the results from the rock abrasion tool from NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity (left) and the drill from NASA's Curiosity rover (right). || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834_print.jpg (1024x580) [236.2 KB] || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834_web.jpg (319x181) [46.5 KB] || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834_searchweb.png (320x180) [133.9 KB] || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834_thm.png (80x40) [16.5 KB] || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834.tif (1054x598) [1.8 MB] || opportunity_and_curiosity_targets_pia16834.hwshow [125 bytes] || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 30531, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30531/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-11-06T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Curiosity at 'Cumberland'", "description": "Curiosity's Hazcam views drilling target 'Cumberland'. || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932_print.jpg (1024x1024) [308.7 KB] || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932_web.jpg (320x320) [60.2 KB] || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932_searchweb.png (320x180) [68.4 KB] || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932_thm.png (80x40) [22.7 KB] || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932.tif (1024x1024) [1.0 MB] || curiosity_at_cumberland_pia16932.hwshow [105 bytes] || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 30520, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30520/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-08-07T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Day the Earth Smiled", "description": "On July 19, 2013, in an event celebrated the world over, NASA's Cassini spacecraft slipped into Saturn's shadow and turned to image the planet, seven of its moons, its inner rings, and, in the background, our home planet, Earth. With the sun's powerful and potentially damaging rays eclipsed by Saturn itself, Cassini's onboard cameras were able to take advantage of this unique viewing geometry. They acquired a panoramic mosaic of the Saturn system that allows scientists to see details in the rings and throughout the system as they are backlit by the sun.With both Cassini's wide-angle and narrow-angle cameras aimed at Saturn, Cassini was able to capture 323 images in just over four hours. This final mosaic uses 141 of those wide-angle images. Images taken using the red, green and blue spectral filters of the wide-angle camera were combined and mosaicked together to create this natural-color view. This image spans about 404,880 miles (651,591 kilometers) across. || ", "hits": 128 }, { "id": 30517, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30517/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-07-28T17:00:00-04:00", "title": "Japan at Night", "description": "Data acquired by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) on the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (NPP) satellite were used to create this nighttime view of Japan and the Korean Peninsula in May 2014. NOAA’s Earth Observation Group creates monthly composite nighttime images from the VIIRS day-night band (DNB) by combining cloud-free data from nights without moonlight (i.e., during the new moon phase). Here the monthly composite image has been combined with a cloud-free MODIS image that has been modified to appear more “night-like” to highlight the Earth’s land surface.City lights make several urban centers easily discernable. For example, Tokyo, Japan, located on the southeastern side of the main island, is the brightest location on the image. It is also the most populous metropolitan area in the world. Clusters of light out at sea—particularly in and around the Korean Straight—are produced by the lights from hundreds of fishing boats engaged in night fishing. One such cluster surrounds Jeju Island, South Korea—a popular tourist destination—where fishermen shine torchlights on the water to attract squid, a traditional Jeju food. The reason the lights are so prominent around the island in this image is because the time the data were collected (i.e., May during new moon) overlaps with one of the peak fishing seasons for this region—spring, during new moon. || ", "hits": 224 }, { "id": 30515, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30515/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-06-30T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Simulated Atmospheric Carbon Concentrations", "description": "Carbon exists in many forms—e.g., carbon dioxide (CO2), carbon monoxide (CO)—and continually cycles through Earth’s atmosphere, ocean, and terrestrial ecosystems. This visualization, created using data from the 7-km GEOS-5 Nature Run model, shows average column concentrations of atmospheric CO2 (colored shades) and CO (white shades underneath) from January 1, 2006 to December 31, 2006.CO2 variations are largely controlled by fossil fuel emissions and seasonal fluxes of carbon between the atmosphere and land biosphere. For example, dark red and pink shades represent regions where CO2 concentrations are enhanced by carbon sources, mainly from human activities. During Northern Hemisphere spring and summer months, plants absorb a substantial amount of CO2 through photosynthesis, thus removing CO2 from the atmosphere. Atmospheric CO, a pollutant harmful to human health, is produced mainly from fossil fuel combustion and biomass burning. Here, high concentrations of CO (white) are mainly from fire activity in Africa, South America, and Australia. Scientists use model output data such as these to help answer important questions about Earth’s climate and to help design future satellite missions.These model simulations use fossil fuel emissions estimates provided by the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR). NASA’s Quick Fire Emissions Dataset (QFED) estimates fire emissions using MODIS fire radiative power observations. Additional, observationally constrained estimates of CO2 flux between the atmosphere and land and ocean carbon reservoirs were produced as part of NASA’s Carbon Monitoring System Flux Pilot Project (http://carbon.nasa.gov/cgi-bin/cms/inv_pgp.pl?pgid=581). Land biosphere fluxes come from the Carnegie-Ames-Stanford Approach Global Fire Emissions Database (CASA-GFED) model which incorporates MODIS vegetation classification and AVHRR Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) data. Ocean fluxes are produced by the NASA Ocean Biogeochemical Model (NOBM) which incorporates MODIS chlorophyll observations. || ", "hits": 57 }, { "id": 30511, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30511/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-06-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Coccolithophores Near the Patagonia Shelf", "description": "Coccolithophores, a type of phytoplankton, are one-celled, microscopic marine plants that live in large numbers throughout the upper layers of the ocean. They surround themselves with minute calcium carbonate plates called “coccoliths,” which are highly reflective such that populations of these plants can be seen from space. Near the Patagonia Shelf, located east of Argentina and Uruguay, ocean waters thrive with high concentrations of microscopic phytoplankton—e.g., coccolithiphores, dinoflagellates, and diatoms to name a few. That is because in this region the warm, saline, southward-flowing Brazil Current flows past and mixes with the cool, less-saline, nutrient-rich northward-flowing Falklands/Malvinas Current, creating an ideal environment for biological productivity. Scientists use true color satellite images like these, taken by Aqua/MODIS from December 15, 2010 to February 15, 2011, to observe the recurring coccolithophore blooms in the Patagonia Shelf region and study the impacts of ocean acidification on these microscopic organisms. Imagery from these two months shows a coccolithophore bloom (turquoise) near the shelf break. The shelf's unique ecosystem supports important fisheries in the region, providing a favorable reproductive habitat for anchovies and sardines. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 30512, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30512/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-06-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Bright Waters of the Southern Ocean", "description": "Phytoplankton are microscopic organisms that live in watery environments, forming the foundation of the aquatic and marine food webs. Phytoplankton populations can grow explosively creating bright green and blue marble swirls, or blooms, near the surface. This visualization shows global daily averages of suspended particulate inorganic carbon (PIC, known as calcium carbonate or limestone) from July 4, 2002 to May 26, 2014, made with data from Aqua/MODIS. One can see shades of bright turquoise circling the Southern Ocean, a unique and consistent feature characterized by the presence of elevated PIC concentrations near the Sub-Tropical, Sub-Antarctic, and Polar Fronts. Referred to as the \"Great Calcite Belt,\" high PIC concentrations result from large numbers of highly reflective microscopic PIC plates called “coccoliths,” released from calcifying coccolithophores. Such regions of elevated reflectance have been observed each year during austral summer with minor variations from year to year. Many sectors of the Southern Ocean are generally characterized by low concentrations of potentially growth limiting iron (Fe) concentrations. Studies suggest, however, that coccolithophores are well adapted to growth under low ambient iron conditions. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 30500, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30500/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-05-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Altimetry: Past, Present and Future", "description": "Launched in 1978, Seasat was the first NASA Earth-orbiting satellite mission designed to observe the world’s ocean. Seasat carried five major instruments, including a radar altimeter that measured the distance between the satellite and sea surface, indicating global sea surface height and the topography of the ocean surface. This visualization shows the progression of improved data resolution from satellite altimeters in the past, present, and future, beginning with 1.5-degree resolution data in 1978 from Seasat and ending with 0.05-degree resolution data from NASA’s Surface Water and Ocean Topography (SWOT) mission, planned to launch in 2020. A single satellite (Geosat) provided 0.5-degree resolution data from 1986 to 1990, while numerous international satellite missions (ERS-1, TOPEX/Poseidon, ERS-2, Jason-1, Envisat, and Jason-2) have provided 0.25-degree resolution data from 1992 until now. These measurements and their continuity are important for monitoring large-scale features such as Rossby and Kelvin waves, the evolution of El Niño and La Niña events, and variation of global sea level in relation to climate change. SWOT (with 0.05-degree-resolution) will offer an unprecedented combination of spatial and temporal resolution while continuing and extending the ocean altimeter data record for years to come. || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 30504, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30504/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-05-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Wind-Blown Marine Debris from Japanese Tsunami", "description": "On Friday, March 11, 2011, a magnitude 9.0 undersea megathrust earthquake struck off the Pacific coast of Japan that generated tsunami waves that reached 40.5 meters (~133 feet) high, traveling up to 10 kilometers (6 miles) inland in some areas (e.g., Sendai). The earthquake and resulting tsunami generated an estimated 24-25 million tons of rubble and debris in Japan. This simulation shows how winds near the ocean surface impacted the movement of marine debris as they moved across the Pacific from March 2011 to July 2012. The colors show the percentage of windage, or the amount of force (i.e., wind) created on an object by friction. Objects that float mostly above water are more impacted by the speed of the wind than the speed of the water; therefore, they have high windage values (orange and red shades). These objects move more quickly than objects that float mostly below water that are impacted more by the speed of the water and thus have low windage values (purple and blue shades). The results were used to assess the location of the tsunami debris in the ocean and the timeline of its arrival on the west coast of the United States. The International Pacific Research Center, Surface Currents Diagnostic model was used to run the simulation. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 30466, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30466/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sharpest-Ever Images of the Sun's Corona", "description": "In July 2012 NASA's High Resolution Coronal Imager, or Hi-C, telescope launched on a sounding rocket and captured the highest-resolution images ever taken of the sun's million-degree atmosphere, or corona. The square area outlined in yellow in the full disk image of the sun [left], taken by the Atmospheric Imaging Array (AIA) on NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), represents the Hi-C field-of-view. The Hi-C telescope captured five minutes of data of the solar corona at about five times finer resolution than SDO's AIA. Within the Hi-C field-of-view [center], scientists identified several examples of coronal braiding—structures that appear to be wrapped and woven together. Zoomed in [right], these braided structures appear to be several strands, or magnetic field lines, tangled together, illuminated by hot plasma. This particular braided structure released energy in a small solar flare, shortly after the Hi-C flight. For decades scientists have sought to understand why the corona is 50 to 100 times hotter than the surface of the sun. Images like these, taken by Hi-C, hint that these braided structures release magnetic energy that likely contributes to the intense heating of the solar corona.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 30467, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30467/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Under the 'Wing\" of the Small Magellanic Cloud", "description": "The Small Magellanic Cloud (SMC) is one of the Milky Way's closest galactic neighbors. Even though it is a small, or so-called dwarf galaxy, the SMC is so bright that it is visible to the unaided eye from the Southern Hemisphere and near the equator. Many navigators, including Ferdinand Magellan who lends his name to the SMC, used it to help find their way across the oceans. NASA's Chandra X-ray telescope has made the first detection of X-ray emission from young solar-type stars—stars with characteristics broadly similar to those of our sun—that lie outside our Milky Way galaxy. These stars live in a region known as the \"Wing\" of the SMC. This image of the Wing is a composite that combines data from three sources into one. X-ray data from Chandra are shown in purple; optical (i.e., visible) light seen by the Hubble Space Telescope is in red, green, and blue; and infrared data from the Spitzer Space Telescope are colored red. X-rays from young stars trace the activity and strength of stellar magnetic fields. Magnetic activity provides clues to a star's convection (the rising and falling of hot gas in the star's interior) and rotation rates. The combined X-ray, optical, and infrared data also reveal, for the first time outside our galaxy, objects that resemble very young, lowmass stars, which scientists call \"young stellar objects.\" These objects have ages of a few thousand years and are still embedded in the pillar of dust and gas from which stars form.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 86 }, { "id": 30468, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30468/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Colliding Galaxies", "description": "This NASA Hubble Space Telescope image illustrates that close encounters between galaxies are messy business. This interacting galaxy duo contains the disturbed, star-forming spiral galaxy NGC 2936—which looks like the profile of a celestial bird—along with its elliptical companion, NGC 2937 at lower left. Once a normal, flat, spiral-disk galaxy, NGC 2936’s appearance and the orbits of its stars have become scrambled due to gravitational tidal interactions with NGC 2937. The interactions have warped and distorted NGC 2936’s spiral shape and interstellar gas has been strewn out into giant tails that look like stretched taffy. Collectively, these two galaxies are called Arp 142—so named because astronomer Halton C. Arp was the first to observe them in the 1960s. Arp 142 lies 326 million light-years away in the southern constellation Hydra and is a member of the Arp catalog of peculiar galaxies. The image is a composite of photos from the Wide Field Camera 3 taken in blue-green, yellow-red, and near-infrared light.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 145 }, { "id": 30469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30469/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Landsat Data Help Water-Resource Managers", "description": "In the Western United States between 80 and 90% of freshwater is used for agriculture. In Southern California irrigated farmland stretches southward across the desert from the Salton Sea—an artificial inland sea—to the Mexico border. In the natural-color image [left] acquired on May 15, 2013, by Landsat 8’s Operational Land Imager, blocks of square farmland appear in shades of green and tan, while urban areas such as El Centro, California and Mexicali, Mexico appear in shades of gray. Accurate estimates of total crop area provided by Landsat satellites can be used to help forecast commodities in the United States and the world food market. On that same day, thermal measurements from Landsat 8’s Thermal Infrared Sensor [right] show different temperatures between crop fields as well as urban and desert areas. Cooler areas (e.g., irrigated crops) appear as dark purple and red shades, while warmer areas (e.g., urban and desert areas) appear as shades of bright yellow and white. Plants cool down when they transpire, so the combination of water evaporating from the plants and the ground (i.e., evapotranspiration) lowers the temperature of the irrigated land. Pixels representing cooler areas in thermal images from TIRS help water-resource managers determine where water is being used for irrigation, allowing them to make management decisions on water distribution to preserve this scarce resource. When an earlier design of Landsat 8 did not include a thermal infrared band, the Western States Water Council advocated for its inclusion.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 30470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30470/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Van Allen Probes Discover New Radiation Belt", "description": "Shortly after launch on August 30, 2012, particle detection instruments aboard NASA's twin Van Allen Probes revealed to scientists the existence of a new, transient, third radiation belt around Earth. In this image, three distinct radiation belts are represented as orange and red shades with the emergence of a second empty slot region [green], in between the second and new, outermost third belt. Named after their discoverer James Van Allen, these belts are critical regions for modern society, which is dependent on many space-based technologies. The Van Allen belts are affected by space weather and can swell dramatically during solar storms. When this occurs, they can pose dangers to communications and global positioning system (GPS) satellites, as well as humans in space. This discovery shows the dynamic and variable nature of the radiation belts and improves our understanding of how they respond to solar activity. Scientists observed the third belt for four weeks before a powerful interplanetary shock wave from the sun annihilated it. Data from the Van Allen Probes are important for the study of the effect of space weather on Earth, as well as the fundamental physical processes observed around other objects, such as planets in our solar system and distant nebulae.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 224 }, { "id": 30471, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30471/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Curiosity's Self-Portrait", "description": "On October 31, 2012, the Mars Science Laboratory’s Curiosity rover captured this “self-portrait.” Curiosity used the Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI) located at the end of its robotic arm to capture a set of 55 thumbnail images that were then stitched together to create this full-color mosaic. The rover is located at \"Rocknest,\" the spot in Gale Crater where the mission's first scoop sampling took place. Four scoop scars can be seen in the regolith in front of the rover. A fifth scoop was collected later. The rover’s robotic arm was positioned out of the shot in the images, or portions of images, used to create the mosaic and therefore, is not visible. Self-portraits like this one document the state of the rover and allow mission engineers to track changes over time, such as dust accumulation and wheel wear. Only MAHLI (among the rover's 17 cameras) is able to image some parts of the craft, including the port-side wheels. August 5, 2014, is the second Earth-year anniversary of Curiosity’s landing on Mars. After a nearly perfect landing in 2012, the rover has been working its way up the rugged slopes of Mount Sharp, which rise about 3.4 miles (5.5 kilometers) above Gale Crater. Along the way, the rover has been using its 10 instruments to study the composition of the Martian surface and search for any signs that this area could have ever supported life.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30472, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30472/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Dwarf Galaxy Caught Ramming into a Large Spiral", "description": "Shown here, observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray telescope reveal a massive cloud of multimillion-degree gas in a galaxy about 60 million light years from Earth. The hot gas cloud is likely caused by a collision between a dwarf galaxy [bottom left] and a much larger galaxy called NGC 1232 [center]. The image, which combines X-rays and optical light, shows the scene of the collision. Chandra X-ray data, in purple, show the hot gas has a comet-like appearance, caused by the motion of the dwarf galaxy. Optical data from the European Southern Observatory's Very Large Telescope reveal the spiral galaxy in blue and white. The X-ray emission source at the top right of the image appears to be unrelated to the galaxy collision. If confirmed, this discovery would mark the first time such a collision has been detected only in X-rays, and could have implications for understanding how galaxies grow through similar collisions. The impact between the dwarf galaxy and the spiral galaxy caused a shock wave—akin to a sonic boom on Earth—that generated the hot gas with a temperature of about 6 million degrees.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 30473, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30473/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Observing Freshwater Losses in the Middle East", "description": "A study using data from NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites found that large parts of the arid Middle East region lost freshwater reserves rapidly during the past decade. Meanwhile, demand for freshwater continues to rise. The two natural-color images on the left were acquired by the Landsat 5 satellite and show the shrinking of the Qadisiyah Reservoir in Iraq between September 7, 2006 [top left] and September 15, 2009 [bottom left]. The graph below these two images shows the elevation of the water in that reservoir between January 2003 and December 2009. The elevation is a proxy measurement for the total volume of water stored there. The two regional images on the right were created with GRACE data and show total water storage in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins for September 2003 [top right] and September 2009 [bottom right]. The graph shows a decrease in water storage for the study area as measured by GRACE from January 2003 to December 2009. The gray line depicts total water storage—groundwater, surface water bodies, and soil moisture—while the green line depicts changes in surface water. The difference between those two lines reflects the change in water stored in underground aquifers. The total water storage shows a seasonal fluctuation, but also an overall downward trend, suggesting that groundwater is being pumped and used faster than natural processes can replenish it. Data from satellites such as GRACE are essential to providing a more complete global picture of water storage trends.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 82 }, { "id": 30474, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30474/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Voyager 1 Exits Heliosphere", "description": "At 122 times our distance from the sun, NASA's Voyager 1 spacecraft is the first human-made object to leave the heliosphere, the far-reaching extended atmosphere of the sun. Launched in 1997, Voyager 1 is traveling away from Earth at a speed of about 340 million miles (540 million kilometers) per year. In the summer of 2012, Voyager 1 started its journey into interstellar space, or the space between stars. This artist's concept depicts Voyager 1 exiting the heliosphere and entering the interstellar medium (brown hue at the top of the image). When Voyager 1’s Plasma Wave Subsystem detects vibrations it allows scientists to characterize the plasma, or ionized gas, the spacecraft is embedded in. From October to November 2012 and again from April to May 2013, Voyager 1's plasma wave instrument detected vibrations caused by previous explosions on the sun. The inset graph shows the frequency of the waves, which is directly related to the plasma density. The high density clearly indicates that Voyager 1 is embedded in “cold” interstellar plasma, left over from the death of nearby giant stars millions of years ago, which dominates interstellar space. Through extrapolation of measured plasma densities from both events, teams of scientists determined that Voyager 1 first entered interstellar space in the summer of 2012. To listen to the audio version of the oscillations detected by Voyager 1, visit: www.nasa.gov/voyager. Its increasing pitch indicates increasing interstellar plasma density over time.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 473 }, { "id": 30475, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30475/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "GRAIL Creates Most Accurate Moon Gravity Map", "description": "This colorful image of Earth’s moon shows variations in the lunar gravity field, as measured by NASA’s twin Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) satellites. Dark blue shades indicate areas that have a low local gravity, while red shades indicate areas that have a high degree of local gravity. The high-resolution gravity field map resolves spatial scales as fine as 13 kilometers (~8 miles) and reveals distinct lunar features including impact basins, complex craters, and simple craters. As the twin spacecraft move along the same orbit, they react to the mass of features on the surface below them (e.g., mountains and craters) as well as features hidden beneath the surface. In orbit, the two spacecraft transmit radio signals to define precisely the distance between them. Scientists translate this information into highly precise maps of gravity that allows them to learn about the moon's internal structure and composition, providing a better understanding of how Earth and other rocky planets in the solar system formed and evolved. After revealing much about the moon’s interior composition, GRAIL’s extremely successful primary mission ended in December 2012; unlike most missions, however, GRAIL went out with a bang. The twin spacecraft, called Ebb and Flow, were intentionally crashed into a mountain near the moon’s north pole to study the resulting dust cloud and learn more about the composition of the lunar surface.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 67 }, { "id": 30465, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30465/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Analyzing Superstorm Sandy", "description": "A rare convergence of environmental conditions during Hurricane Sandy’s lifecycle led to a storm of unforgettable destruction—hence its nickname, Superstorm Sandy. Scientists can analyze the structure and lifecycle of severe storms like Sandy using weather prediction models and incorporate what they learn into newer models, which hopefully result in even more accurate hurricane forecasts in the future. Scientists at NASA used the Goddard Earth Observing System Model, Version 5 (GEOS-5) to simulate surface wind speeds across the Atlantic during Sandy’s lifecycle. The large image above shows surface wind speeds on October 29, 2012, as simulated by the GEOS-5 at 7-kilometer (~4.3-mile) resolution just before the storm made landfall near Atlantic City, New Jersey. Wind speeds range from approximately 10 miles per hour (15 kilometers per hour), shown as dark blue, to 80 miles per hour (130 kilometers per hour), shown as very light purple. In the days following landfall, the remnants of Sandy moved inland over Northern New England and Canada before finally dissipating. The three smaller images show how GEOS-5 simulations of sea level pressure [left], surface wind speeds [center], and accumulated rainfall amounts [right] from October 26, 2012 to October 31, 2012, compare to observations from the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s National Hurricane Center.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 30463, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30463/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comet ISON's Dance Among the Stars", "description": "There is a “new” comet in our neighborhood. Discovered in September 2012 by two Russian scientists, it has officially been designated as C2012/S1, but the world has come to know it as comet ISON—an acronym for the Russian International Science Observation Network through which it was discovered. Here, the comet looks like a bright white smudge [top right] among other colorful distant stars and galaxies on a canvas that depicts interstellar space. NASA's Hubble Space Telescope observed ISON on April 30, 2013, as it passed near the orbit of Jupiter. The resulting image, shown here, combines observations from two Hubble filters and is a simulation of what our eyes, with their ability to dynamically adjust to brighter and fainter objects, would see if we could look up at the heavens with the resolution of Hubble. One filter lets in red light, represented as faint red shades, while the other filter lets in a greenish-yellow light, represented as faint blue shades. In general, faint red objects are older and more evolved than blue objects—this is true both for the crosshair-spiked stars and the smaller and dimmer smudges of distant galaxies. This newly discovered comet is believed to have originated in the Oort Cloud—a “source region” for many comets, located on the fringe of the solar system. Scientists believe that ISON is making its very first trek toward the sun, and its first known visit will be an extremely close encounter—making the potential for new discovery very high.Used in 2014 SMD Calendar. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 30220, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30220/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Sandy Causes Blackouts in New Jersey and New York", "description": "In the days following landfall of Hurricane Sandy, millions remained without power. This pair of images shows the difference in city lighting across New Jersey and New York before (August 31, 2012), when conditions were normal, and after (November 1, 2012) the storm. Both images were captured by the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS) “day-night band” onboard the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership satellite, which detects light in a range of wavelengths and uses filtering techniques to observe signals such as gas flares, city lights, and reflected moonlight.In Manhattan, the lower third of the island is dark on November 1, while Rockaway Beach, much of Long Island, and nearly all of central New Jersey are significantly dimmer. The barrier islands along the New Jersey coast, which are heavily developed with tourist businesses and year-round residents, are just barely visible in moonlight after the blackout. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 30273, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30273/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Spring on DC's Doorstep", "description": "On April 2, 2013, the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) spacecraft obtained this true-color view of Washington, DC, and the surrounding suburban region. The image was made with 15-meter (49-feet) panchromatic spatial resolution data from the Observational Land Imager (OLI) onboard LDCM. Grey and white shades depict urban areas (e.g., city streets, buildings, sidewalks), while vegetation appears as shades of brown and dark green. In Washington, DC, gridded streets expand from the city’s center and the irrigated lawns of the National Mall, memorial parks, and golf courses appear green. Landsat satellites provide global coverage of the Earth’s surface every season of the year. Scientists use Landsat images like this one to study how land-cover and land-use change over time. Vegetation for example, appears mostly brown in this image because it was taken in early spring when most vegetation is still dormant following winter months. However, in just a few short weeks, this same scene will look very different (i.e., much “greener”) and LDCM will get a much different view of our Nation’s capital. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 30280, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30280/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Science Facilities on the International Space Station", "description": "NASA Earth Science missions on the International Space Station", "hits": 117 }, { "id": 30336, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30336/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Exploring Mars", "description": "Since our first close-up picture of Mars in 1965, spacecraft voyages to the Red Planet have revealed a world strangely familiar, yet different enough to challenge our perceptions of what makes a planet work. Every time we feel close to understanding Mars, new discoveries send us straight back to the drawing board.Over the past several decades, spacecraft have shown us that Mars is rocky, cold, and desolate beneath its hazy, pink sky. We've discovered that today's Martian wasteland hints at a formerly volatile world where volcanoes once raged and flash floods rushed over the land.Among our many discoveries about Mars, one stands out above all others: the evidence for past surface water on Mars. Water is key because almost everywhere we find water on Earth, we find life. With our robotic spacecraft, we've found evidence that liquid water once flowed in ancient Martian environments that could have supported microbial life. Armed with that knowledge, we now can seek signs of whether such life actually arose. Is there any evidence of life in the planet's past? If so, could any of these tiny living creatures still exist today? Imagine how exciting it would be to answer, \"Yes!!\" || ", "hits": 114 }, { "id": 30338, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30338/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Rotating Mars", "description": "Since our first close-up picture of Mars in 1965, spacecraft voyages to the Red Planet have revealed a world strangely familiar, yet different enough to challenge our perceptions of what makes a planet work. Every time we feel close to understanding Mars, new discoveries send us straight back to the drawing board. Over the past several decades, spacecraft have shown us that Mars is rocky, cold, and desolate beneath its hazy, pink sky. We've discovered that today's Martian wasteland hints at a formerly volatile world where volcanoes once raged and flash floods rushed over the land. Among our many discoveries about Mars, one stands out above all others: the evidence for past surface water on Mars. Water is key because almost everywhere we find water on Earth, we find life. With our robotic spacecraft, we've found evidence that liquid water once flowed in ancient Martian environments that could have supported microbial life. Armed with that knowledge, we now can seek signs of whether such life actually arose. Is there any evidence of life in the planet's past? If so, could any of these tiny living creatures still exist today? Imagine how exciting it would be to answer, \"Yes!!\" || ", "hits": 78 }, { "id": 30158, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30158/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Drought Cycles in Australia", "description": "Drought is a frequent visitor in Australia. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology describes the typical rainfall over much of the continent as “not only low, but highly erratic.” These satellite-based vegetation images document what farmers and ranchers have had to contend with over the past decade. The images are centered on the agricultural areas near the Murray River—Australia’s largest river—between Hume Reservoir and Lake Tyrrell. The series shows vegetation growing conditions for a 16-day period in the middle of September each year from 2000 through 2010 compared to the average mid-September conditions over the decade. Places where the amount and/or health of vegetation was above the decadal average are green, average areas are off-white, and places where vegetation growth was below average are brown. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 30163, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30163/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Seasons of Lake Tahoe", "description": "Perhaps the most familiar change in our changing world is the annual swing of the seasons. This series of images shows the changes around Lake Tahoe, on the border between California and Nevada, from August 27, 2009, to September 7, 2010. Snow, plants, light, and the lake itself all shift in accordance with the seasons. One of the most obvious signals in the Lake Tahoe region is snow, a commodity that draws skiing vacationers. The groomed trails are among the first places to turn white when the first snow arrives in October, and they are among the last places to lose snow in June. Apart from snow cover, the other clear indicator of seasonal change is the lighting. The seasonal shift in light is evident in the shadows that play across the images. During the height of summer, direct light illuminates the mountaintops and valley floors. Moving into the fall, shadows paint the western side of the mountains. By December, shadows dominate, with only eastern mountain faces reflecting bright light. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 30177, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30177/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Measuring Soil Moisture from Space", "description": "These maps combine data from the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) with other satellite and ground-based measurements to model the relative amount of water stored at three different levels: at the surface, at plant root level and underground from January 2003 to December 2014. The wetness, or water content, of each layer is compared to the average between 1948 and 2009. The darkest red regions represent dry conditions that should occur only 2 percent of the time (about once every 50 years). All of the maps are experimental products funded by NASA’s Applied Sciences Program and developed by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the National Drought Mitigation Center. The maps do not attempt to represent human consumption of water; but rather, they show changes in water storage related to weather, climate, and seasonal patterns. || ", "hits": 38 }, { "id": 30190, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30190/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Saharan Dust over the Atlantic", "description": "Easterly winds carry Saharan dust from Africa high above the North Atlantic Ocean. At left, a natural color image captured by NASA’s Aqua satellite shows the dust as it travels offshore on September 21, 2009. The dust plume is shaped by the wind, forming waves near the surface immediately offshore. An even higher, thinner tan cloud veils the surface-level dust. Dust has infiltrated into different heights of the atmosphere. Differences in wind direction at various heights in the atmosphere create the “X” near the center of the dust plume.In certain atmospheric conditions, dust from the Sahara Desert is transported clear around the globe. In fact, many scientists use space-based multi-angle imaging to track the journey of dust. Having the capability to track dust from space, provides even greater opportunities for understanding atmospheric circulation patterns at a global scale. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 30191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30191/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Australian Dust over the Pacific Ocean", "description": "Strong westerly winds roaring across Australia’s desert interior were able to suspend dust particles for hundreds of miles before reaching the South Pacific Ocean. This image, taken by NASA’s Terra satellite on September 12, 2009, reveals the wedge of dust as it parts from the continent. Nearly weightless in nature, the wispy layer of dust is visible by its tan hue floating above the underlying stratus cloud deck. The dust is thought to have originated from the dry Lake Eyre basin, covering nearly one sixth of the continent. The lake fills during exceptionally wet rainy seasons (December-February) but remains dry during other months. As water evaporates from the lake, it leaves a fine layer of sediment that is easily lifted by wind. Sediment from dry lakebeds is a significant source of airborne dust worldwide. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 30082, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30082/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-04T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Rotating Earth at Night", "description": "This new space-based view of Earth’s city lights is a composite assembled from data acquired by the Suomi National Polar-orbiting Partnership (Suomi NPP) satellite. The data was acquired over nine days in April 2012 and thirteen days in October 2012. It took the satellite 312 orbits and 2.5 terabytes of data to get a clear shot of every parcel of Earth’s land surface and islands. This new data was then mapped over existing MODIS Blue Marble imagery to provide a realistic view of the planet. The view was made possible by the “day-night band” of Suomi NPP’s Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite. VIIRS detects light in a range of wavelengths from green to near-infrared and uses “smart” light sensors to observe dim signals such as city lights, auroras, wildfires, and reflected moonlight. This low-light sensor can distinguish night lights tens to hundreds of times better than previous satellites. || ", "hits": 289 }, { "id": 30039, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30039/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-03-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2010 Indus Floods", "description": "Some blamed La Niña, while others faulted inadequate flood-prevention plans for the devastation left behind by the 2010 Pakistan Floods. In either case, the coming together of international partners allowed rapid humanitarian response efforts to take place. The importance of international partnership lies within the craftsmanship of the middle map, a mosaic of shared satellite data pieced together by UNITAR’s Operational Satellite Application Programme (UNOSAT). The map provides flood analysis based on a time series of satellite data recorded between July 28-September 16, 2010. With the support from several other partners, UNOSAT was able to provide emergency response maps to humanitarian communities during the floods. Often times, those assessing flood extent on land are unable to map an entire area before water levels change again. Satellites, however, offer a unique perspective from space and provide data across large geographic areas nearly every day. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30014, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30014/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-03-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Nitrogen Dioxide from Aura/OMI, 2013-2014", "description": "Major sources of tropospheric NO2 include industrial emissions, automobile traffic, forest and brush fires, microbiological soil emissions, lightning, and aircraft. More than half of the total NO2 emissions are estimated to be anthropogenic, mainly from the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, and industrial activities. NO2 has a relatively short lifetime (about a day) and is therefore concentrated near its sources. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 30353, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30353/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2012-12-20T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Splendid Saturn", "description": "NASA's Cassini spacecraft has delivered a glorious view of Saturn, taken while the spacecraft was in Saturn's shadow. The cameras were turned toward Saturn and the sun so that the planet and rings are backlit. (The sun is behind the planet, which is shielding the cameras from direct sunlight.) In addition to the visual splendor, this special, very-high-phase viewing geometry allows scientists to study ring and atmosphere phenomena not easily seen at a lower phase.Since images like this can only be taken while the sun is behind the planet, this beautiful view is all the more precious for its rarity. Also captured in this image are two of Saturn's moons: Enceladus and Tethys. Both appear on the left side of the planet, below the rings. Enceladus is closer to the rings; Tethys is below and to the left.This view looks toward the non-illuminated side of the rings from about 19 degrees below the ring plane. The image was obtained with the Cassini spacecraft wide-angle camera on Oct. 17, 2012 at a distance of approximately 500,000 miles (800,000 kilometers) from Saturn. Image scale at Saturn is about 30 miles per pixel (50 kilometers per pixel). || ", "hits": 71 }, { "id": 30016, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30016/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2012-09-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Safe Haven for Opportunity: Mars Panorama", "description": "A new full-circle view from the panoramic camera (Pancam) on NASA's Mars Exploration Rover Opportunity shows the ruddy terrain that surrounded the long-lived explorer during recent Martian winter months. Opportunity was stationary for four months on a northward-sloped outcrop-a safe place to angle the rover's solar panels toward the Sun in the northern sky during Southern Hemisphere winter. The science team named the site \"Greeley Haven,\" after team member Ron Greeley. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 30346, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30346/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2011-11-20T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Two Storm Views on Saturn", "description": "Two false-color views of Saturn show detailed patterns that change during one Saturn day within a huge storm in the planet's Northern Hemisphere. The dramatic colors arise from a false-color combination of images taken by the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera: images filtered at 889 nanometers are projected as blue, images filtered at 727 nanometers are projected as green, and images filtered at 750 nanometers are projected as red.Cassini scientists study the fine details contained in these mosaics to learn about wind speeds and cloud depths in the storm. For example, a red curlicue that indicates a deep cloud is present in the top mosaic, but it does not appear in bottom mosaic taken 11 hours later. || ", "hits": 54 }, { "id": 30347, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30347/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2011-11-20T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Six Storm Views on Saturn", "description": "This series of images from NASA's Cassini spacecraft shows the development of the largest storm seen on the planet since 1990. These true-color and composite near-true-color views chronicle the storm from its start in late 2010 through mid-2011, showing how the distinct head of the storm quickly grew large but eventually became engulfed by the storm's tail. || ", "hits": 94 }, { "id": 30214, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30214/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2007-09-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Population Density at Night", "description": "This image combines the Earth’s Gridded Population of the World, version 3 (GPWv3) data from 2000 with Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) night-lights data to show the distribution of human population across the globe, including estimates to 2015. The map is colored to show the number of persons per square kilometer, from dark blue (1 person) to yellow (10,000 people). The blue-to-yellow color scale was desaturated proportional to the amount of night-lights (i.e., the color was made whiter where there were more lights). The brightest areas are generally the most urbanized but not necessarily the most populated. A comparison between the U.S. and India shows a more dense population in India but more lights in the U.S. Other patterns of distribution are also visible. For example, most major cities are along coastlines, near rivers, or near transportation networks. GPWv3 was produced by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network of the Earth Institute at Columbia University using population data from 2000.Gridded Population of the World, version 3 (GPWv3) is one of the latest developments in the rendering of human populations in a common geo-referenced framework, produced by the Center for International Earth Science Information Network (CIESIN) of the Earth Institute at Columbia University. GPWv3 depicts the distribution of human population across the globe. It is the most detailed version of GPW to date with more than three times the amount of data as version 2, and includes population estimates to 2015. Developed between 2003 and 2005, GPWv3 provides globally consistent and spatially explicit human population information and data for use in research, policy-making, and communications. || ", "hits": 106 }, { "id": 30352, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30352/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2007-03-29T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Saturn's Active North Pole", "description": "A bizarre six-sided feature encircling the north pole of Saturn near 78 degrees north latitude has been spied by the visual and infrared mapping spectrometer on NASA's Cassini spacecraft.This image was acquired on Oct. 29, 2006, from an average distance of 902,000 kilometers (560,400 miles) above the cloud tops of Saturn, and is one of the first clear images ever taken of the north polar region as seen from a unique polar perspective.Originally discovered and last observed by a spacecraft during NASA's Voyager flybys of the early 1980's, the new views of this polar hexagon taken in late 2006 prove that this is an unusually long-lived feature on Saturn. || ", "hits": 87 }, { "id": 30348, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30348/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2005-02-28T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "True Saturn", "description": "While cruising around Saturn in early October 2004, Cassini captured a series of images that have been composed into this large global natural color view of Saturn and its rings. This grand mosaic consists of 126 images acquired in a tile-like fashion, covering one end of Saturn's rings to the other and the entire planet in between. The images were taken over the course of two hours on Oct. 6, 2004, while Cassini was approximately 6.3 million km (3.9 million miles) from Saturn. Since the view seen by Cassini during this time changed very little, no re-projection or alteration of any of the images was necessary. Three images (red, green and blue) were taken of each of 42 locations, or \"footprints,\" across the planet. The full color footprints were put together to produce a mosaic that is 8,888 pixels across and 4,544 pixels tall. The smallest features seen here are 38 km (24 miles) across. Many of Saturn's splendid features noted previously in single frames taken by Cassini are visible in this one detailed, all-encompassing view: subtle color variations across the rings, the thread-like F ring, ring shadows cast against the blue northern hemisphere, the planet's shadow making its way across the rings to the left, and blue-grey storms in Saturn's southern hemisphere to the right. Tiny Mimas and even smaller Janus are both faintly visible at the lower left. The Sun-Saturn-Cassini, or phase, angle at the time was 72 degrees; hence, the partial illumination of Saturn in this portrait. Later in the mission, when the spacecraft's trajectory takes it far from Saturn and also into the direction of the Sun, Cassini will be able to look back and view Saturn and its rings in a more fully-illuminated geometry. || ", "hits": 139 } ] }