{ "count": 275, "next": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/api/search/?limit=100&missions=Tropical+Rainfall+Measuring+Mission&offset=100", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 14617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14617/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2024-07-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Decade of Global Precipitation", "description": "Music: \"One Last Go,\" \"Building Expectations,\" \"Our Dream,\" \"A Thousand Pieces,\" \"Someone Else,\" \"Mellow Island,\" \"The Coast,\" \"Mirror Image,\" \"Beautiful Entropy,\" \"Northern Journey,\" \"Midnight Movements,\" \"Coming Home,\" Universal Production Music.Complete transcript available. || GPM_10th_prores.mov (1920x1080) [8.7 GB] || GPM10_thumb.png (1280x720) [1.5 MB] || GPM10_thumb_print.jpg (1024x576) [288.3 KB] || GPM10_thumb_searchweb.png (320x180) [106.6 KB] || GPM10_thumb_thm.png (80x40) [8.1 KB] || GPM_10th_YT.webm (1920x1080) [81.3 MB] || GPM_10th.en_US.srt [12.1 KB] || GPM_10th.en_US.vtt [11.5 KB] || GPM_10th_YT.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.0 GB] || ", "hits": 99 }, { "id": 30872, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30872/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-08-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Where Does Lightning Strike?", "description": "Lightning flash counts are accumulated to create a long-term average lightning flash rate. || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_print.jpg (1024x576) [116.7 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_searchweb.png (180x320) [44.9 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_thm.png (80x40) [3.6 KB] || ligtning_v1_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.0 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [10.3 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.webm (1280x720) [4.1 MB] || ", "hits": 201 }, { "id": 12185, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12185/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-03-31T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Instagram: Why Do Raindrop Sizes Matter In Storms?", "description": "Not all raindrops are created equal. The size of falling raindrops depends on several factors, including where the cloud producing the drops is located on the globe and where the drops originate in the cloud. For the first time, scientists have three-dimensional snapshots of raindrops and snowflakes around the world from space, thanks to the joint NASA and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. With the new global data on raindrop and snowflake sizes this mission provides, scientists can improve rainfall estimates from satellite data and in numerical weather forecast models, helping us better understand and prepare for extreme weather events. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 12182, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12182/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-03-31T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Why Do Raindrop Sizes Matter In Storms?", "description": "Not all raindrops are created equal. The size of falling raindrops depends on several factors, including where the cloud producing the drops is located on the globe and where the drops originate in the cloud. For the first time, scientists have three-dimensional snapshots of raindrops and snowflakes around the world from space, thanks to the joint NASA and Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission. With the new global data on raindrop and snowflake sizes this mission provides, scientists can improve rainfall estimates from satellite data and in numerical weather forecast models, helping us better understand and prepare for extreme weather events.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube Channel. || ", "hits": 130 }, { "id": 4369, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4369/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Painting the World with Water (New Colorbar)", "description": "An animation depicting the build-up of precipitation data on a flat map from the Global Precipitation Measurement constellation of satellites, resulting in the IMERG global precipitation data set.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p.00556_print.jpg (1024x576) [197.6 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p.00556_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.5 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p.00556_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || flatcomposite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p_30.webm (1920x1080) [33.8 MB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p_30.mp4 (1920x1080) [470.0 MB] || flatcomposite (3600x1800) [0 Item(s)] || flatalpha (3600x1800) [0 Item(s)] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_4369.pptx [96.1 MB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_4369.key [98.6 MB] || date_layer_black (350x80) [0 Item(s)] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_new_1080p_30.mp4.hwshow [225 bytes] || ", "hits": 87 }, { "id": 4326, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4326/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-07-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM and MERRA Precipitation Anomalies in California (TRMM part)", "description": "Accumulated precipitation deficit map for California drought between 2012 and 2014 based on TRMM data. || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_print.jpg (1024x576) [179.6 KB] || tm_trmmScene_f275.jpg (5760x3240) [8.9 MB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_searchweb.png (320x180) [112.0 KB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_web.png (320x180) [112.0 KB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || tm_trmmScene_f275_searchweb.png (320x180) [114.3 KB] || tm_trmmScene_f275_thm.png (80x40) [7.9 KB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0.webm (1920x1080) [1.0 MB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_720p.mov (1280x720) [8.0 MB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0.mp4 (1920x1080) [6.8 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [32.0 KB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0_480p.mov (640x360) [3.2 MB] || tm_trmmScene_f275.tif (5760x3240) [24.4 MB] || tm_trmmScene.0001_0.hwshow [46 bytes] || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 11874, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11874/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-05-29T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Resource Page", "description": "2015 hurricane resource reelThis Reel Includes the Following Sections TRT 50:10Hurricane Overviews 1:02; Hurricane Arthur 15:07; Cyclone Pam 19:48; Typhoon Hagupit 21:27; Hurricane Bertha 22:03;Hurricanes Iselle and Julio 23:15; September 2014 Hurricane Alley 25:07; Satellite Beauty Passes 28:31; Hurricane Katrina 36:32; Global Portrait of Precipitation42:00; Typhoon Halong 42:36; Typhoon Maysak43:13; Superstorm Sandy 44:21;Hurricanes Fay and Gonzalo 45:29; RapidScat 46:12; CYGNSS 49:16Super(s): NASA;Center Contact: Rob Gutro 301-286-4044HQ Contact: Steve Cole 202-358-0918 || Screen_Shot_2015-05-29_at_3.46.48_PM_print.jpg (1024x573) [72.1 KB] || Screen_Shot_2015-05-29_at_3.46.48_PM.png (2542x1424) [1.7 MB] || Screen_Shot_2015-05-29_at_3.46.48_PM_searchweb.png (320x180) [59.9 KB] || Screen_Shot_2015-05-29_at_3.46.48_PM_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_appletv.m4v (960x540) [1.0 GB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [2.3 GB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_prores.mov (1280x720) [45.6 GB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_youtube_hq.webm (1280x720) [326.5 MB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [422.3 MB] || G2015-043_Hurricane_RT_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [192.7 MB] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 11860, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11860/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-21T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA On Air: NASA Landslide Catalog Now Available (4/21/2015)", "description": "LEAD: A new website now totals up landslide occurrences and resulting deaths across the U.S. and the world.1. NASA and other researchers have tracked global news and web reports of rain-caused landslides since 2007.2. Between 2007 and 2013, more than 20,000 people have died in 6,000 landslides - an average of 2,500 per year.3. An interactive website will help researchers match future news reports of landslides with the data of heavy rain from a new satellite-based network covering Earth.TAG: Early warning for potential landslides is the long-term goal. || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.9 KB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.9 KB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_web.png (320x180) [73.9 KB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_WEA_CEN.wmv (1280x720) [14.6 MB] || WC_Landslides_converted.avi (1280x720) [16.2 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_baron.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.4 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_960x540.m4v (960x540) [46.4 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1280x720.m4v (1280x720) [84.5 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_iPad_1920x0180.m4v (1920x1080) [182.7 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [198.6 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_prores.mov (1920x1080) [421.7 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [742.6 MB] || WC_Landslides-1920-MASTER_1280x720.mov (1280x720) [915.8 MB] || ", "hits": 88 }, { "id": 11854, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11854/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-16T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Landslide Catalog Aids View From Space", "description": "Landslides are among the most common and dramatic natural hazards, reshaping landscapes -- and anything in their path. Tracking when and where landslides occur worldwide has historically been difficult, because of the lack of a centralized database across all nations. But NASA researchers have updated the first publicly available Global Landslide Catalog, based on media reports and online databases that bring together many sources of information on landslides that have occurred since 2007. The catalog, originally released in 2010, is still the only one of its kind.Around 6000 landslides are noted in the catalog. This wealth of data gives scientists a starting point to analyze where, how and why landslides are likely to occur. In particular, NASA researchers have begun to compare landslide occurrence with global rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission.The catalog is currently available at: http://ojo-streamer.herokuapp.com/.Research: Spatial and temporal analysis of a global landslide catalog.Journal: Geomorphology, March 21, 2015.Link to paper: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X15001579.Here is the YouTube video. || ", "hits": 66 }, { "id": 11855, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11855/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-16T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Instagram: Global Landslide Catalog Aids View From Space", "description": "Landslides are among the most common and dramatic natural hazards, reshaping landscapes -- and anything in their path. Tracking when and where landslides occur worldwide has historically been difficult, because of the lack of a centralized database across all nations. But NASA researchers have updated the first publicly available Global Landslide Catalog, based on media reports and online databases that bring together many sources of information on landslides that have occurred since 2007. The catalog, originally released in 2010, is still the only one of its kind.Around 6000 landslides are noted in the catalog. This wealth of data gives scientists a starting point to analyze where, how and why landslides are likely to occur. In particular, NASA researchers have begun to compare landslide occurrence with global rainfall data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission.The catalog is currently available at: https://landslides.nasa.gov/Research: Spatial and temporal analysis of a global landslide catalog.Journal: Geomorphology, March 21, 2015.Link to paper: http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0169555X15001579. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 11852, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11852/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-09T16:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM's Mission Ends", "description": "A short video highlighting the major contributions of TRMM.For complete transcript, click here. || TRMM_Farewell_nasaportal_print.jpg (1024x576) [103.2 KB] || TRMM_Farewell_nasaportal_searchweb.png (320x180) [99.3 KB] || TRMM_Farewell_nasaportal_web.png (320x180) [99.3 KB] || TRMM_Farewell_nasaportal_thm.png (80x40) [7.2 KB] || TRMM_Farewell_appletv.webm (960x540) [23.6 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [104.0 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_appletv.m4v (960x540) [88.6 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [225.0 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_prores.mov (1280x720) [3.0 GB] || TRMM_Farewell_appletv_subtitles.m4v (960x540) [88.5 MB] || TRMMFarewell.en_US.srt [3.9 KB] || TRMMFarewell.en_US.vtt [3.9 KB] || TRMM_Farewell_nasaportal.mov (640x360) [86.4 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_720x480.wmv (720x480) [93.5 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [35.3 MB] || TRMM_Farewell_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [19.0 MB] || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 4283, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4283/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-03-31T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Painting the World with Water", "description": "An animation depicting the build-up of precipitation data on the globe from the Global Precipitation Measurement constellation of satellites, resulting in the IMERG global precipitation data set. || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.00556_print.jpg (1024x576) [66.4 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.00556_searchweb.png (180x320) [41.1 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.00556_web.png (320x180) [41.1 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.00556_thm.png (80x40) [3.7 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.webm (1920x1080) [5.8 MB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.mp4 (1920x1080) [55.2 MB] || globecomposite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe_4283.pptx [55.9 MB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe_4283.key [58.4 MB] || GPM_Fleet_IMERG_globe.mp4.hwshow [214 bytes] || ", "hits": 95 }, { "id": 4203, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4203/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "GPM Constellation", "description": "The Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) mission unites data from ten U.S. and international satellites that measure rainfall and snowfall. The partnership, co-led by NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, is anchored by the GPM Core Observatory, launched on February 27, 2014. Carrying two advanced precipitation instruments, the GPM Microwave Imager and Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar, the Core Observatory measures the full range of precipitation types from heavy rainfall to, for the first time, light rain and snowfall. With an orbit that cuts across the path of the other satellites it is also used as a reference standard so that data from all the partner satellites can be meaningfully compared. The combined data from all ten satellites allows scientists to collect precipitation data from all parts of the world in under three hours. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 11617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11617/", "result_type": "B-Roll", "release_date": "2014-07-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM B-roll", "description": "This is footage of the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM). || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 4170, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4170/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-07-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "GPM Constellation Covers the Earth", "description": "This page contains a series of test animations for the GPM \"Second Light\" release. Each animation test is rendered in three ways: on a flat map, on a globe, and on a rotating globe. The newest tests are always at the top of the page. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 4147, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4147/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-02-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global rainfall prior to the Launch of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Satellite", "description": "The Global Precipitation Measurement, or GPM, mission will use an international constellation of satellites to study global rain, snow and ice to better understand our climate, weather, and hydrometeorological processes. We cannot understand the water and energy cycle or predict weather and climate without an accurate knowledge of the intensity and distribution of global precipitation. Measurement of various aspects of precipitation (e.g. distribution, amount, rates, and the associated heat release) represents one of the most challenging research problems in Earth science. Yet, accurate global precipitation measurements will benefit weather, climate, hydro-meteorological, and applications communities alike. The concept of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) is NASA's response to the need for accurate global precipitation measurement. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 30483, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30483/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2013 Rainfall over the Philippines", "description": "In a normal year, 30 percent of the total rainfall near the Philippines, located in the Western Pacific Ocean is caused by tropical cyclones. This visualization shows the estimated total rainfall contributed by named tropical cyclones over the Philippines from January 1 to November 11, 2013. The data used to create the visualization were derived from Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) measurements. In particular, a TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) was used to analyze only rainfall near tropical cyclones passing close to or over the Philippines. The data show almost four feet of rain fell in parts of the northern and central Philippines.The color scale represents rainfall amounts from 0-44 inches (~0-1100 millimeters). Red indicates areas where rainfall totals were greater than 43 inches. Small white icons with the names of each tropical cyclone show storm tracks. The most notable tropical cyclone was Super Typhoon Haiyan that devastated the central Philippines in November 2013. Super Typhoon Haiyan, Tropical Depression 30W, and Typhoon Rumbia passed over the central Philippines resulting in estimated rainfall totals of more than 43 inches (~1100 millimeters) over the island of Leyte. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 30402, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30402/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Total Rainfall", "description": "Globally, rain is the main source of fresh water for plants and animals. Rainfall is essential for life across Earth’s landscapes. In addition to moving tremendous amounts of water through Earth’s atmosphere, rain clouds also move tremendous amounts of energy. When water evaporates from the surface and rises as vapor into the atmosphere, it carries heat from the sun-warmed surface with it. Later, when the water vapor condenses to form cloud droplets and rain, the heat is released into the atmosphere. This heating is a major part of Earth's energy budget and climate. These maps show monthly total rainfall amounts in millimeters from January 1998 to the present, derived using data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite, which is a joint mission between NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency. High rain totals are represented as blue shades, while little to no rainfall totals are shown in white. TRMM measures rainfall in the tropics. High-latitude regions, where TRMM does not record rainfall, are gray. The most obvious pattern in these total rainfall maps is seasonal change. A band of heavy rain moves north and south of the Equator seasonally. || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 30065, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30065/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-07-22T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Science Division Missions", "description": "In order to study the Earth as a whole system and understand how it is changing, NASA develops and supports a large number of Earth observing missions. These missions provide Earth science researchers the necessary data to address key questions about global climate change.", "hits": 209 }, { "id": 4044, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4044/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-02-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Distributed Water Balance of the Nile Basin", "description": "This visualization shows how satellite data and NASA models are being applied to study the hydrology of the Nile basin. The Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Multisensor Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) provides three-hourly estimates of rainfall rate across much of the globe. Here we see the seasonal cycle of monthly precipitation derived from TMPA for Africa, including the Nile Basin. The annual migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) from the Nile Equatorial Lakes region around Lake Victoria, source of the White Nile, northward into Sudan and the highlands of Ethiopia, headwaters of the Blue Nile, and back is evident in the seasonal cycle in precipitation. This precipitation cycle drives flow through the Nile River system. The Nile basin, however, is intensely evaporative, and the majority of the water that falls as rain leaves the basin as evaporation rather than river flow—either from the humid headwaters regions or from large reservoirs and irrigation developments in Egypt and Sudan. The Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) evapotranspiration product, developed by USDA scientists, uses satellite data to map daily evapotranspiration across the entire Nile basin, providing unprecedented information on water consumption. The balance of rainfall and evapotranspiration can be seen in seasonal patterns of soil moisture, as simulated by the NASA Nile Land Data Assimilation System (LDAS), which merges satellite information with a physically-based land surface model to simulate variability in soil moisture—a critical variable for rainfed agriculture and natural ecosystems. Finally, the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) can be used to monitor variability in total water storage, including surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater. The annual cycle in GRACE estimates of water storage anomalies clearly shows the seasonal movement of water storage due to precipitation patterns and the movement of surface waters from headwaters regions into the wetlands of South Sudan and the reservoirs of the lower Nile basin.The Nile is the longest river in the world and its basin is shared by 11 countries. Reliable, spatially distributed estimates of hydrologic storage and fluxes can provide critical information for water managers contending with multiple resource demands, a variable and changing climate, and the risk of damaging floods and droughts. NASA observations and modeling systems offer unique capabilities to meet these information needs. || ", "hits": 85 }, { "id": 11154, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11154/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-11-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "TRMM at 15: The Reign of Rain", "description": "When it rains it pours, goes the saying, and for the last 15 years, the data on tropical rainfall have poured in. NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) was launched on Nov. 27, 1997, and for the last decade and a half has enabled precipitation science that has had far reaching applications across the globe.Rain is one of the most important natural processes on Earth, and nowhere does it rain more than across the tropics. Orbiting at an angle to the equator that covers 35 degrees north to 35 degrees south of the equator, TRMM carries five instruments that collectively measure the intensity of rainfall, characteristics of the water vapor and clouds, and lightning associated with the rain events. One of the instruments, the Precipitation Radar, built by NASA's mission partner the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA), is the first precipitation radar flown in space. It returns images of storms that for the first time have revealed close up three-dimensional views of how rainbands in tropical cyclones develop, potentially indicating how strong the storms might become. || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 30221, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30221/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2012-10-31T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Sandy's Rainfall", "description": "The TRMM-based, near-real time Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis (MPA) at the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center monitors rainfall over a large area of the globe (50N-50S). MPA rainfall totals over the eastern United States are shown for the period from October 24-31, 2012 when super storm Sandy was making it's catastrophic transit through the area. This rainfall analysis indicates that the heaviest rainfall totals of greater than 260mm (10.2 inches) were over the open waters of the Atlantic Ocean. Rainfall totals of over 180mm (~ 7 inches) are also shown over land in many areas near the Atlantic coast from New Jersey to South Carolina. Hurricane Sandy's track over the Atlantic Ocean is shown overlaid on this analysis in white. || ", "hits": 85 }, { "id": 3852, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3852/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-09-15T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Irene", "description": "This visualization follows the development of Hurricane Irene as it moves up the East Coast of the United States in August of 2011. There are three versions of this visualization. Two of the versions follow the eye of the storm until it dissipates, then pulls back to reveal the rain fall accumulation track as measured by the Tropcical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) using two different color tables. The first version only includes rainfall along the storm track. The second and third versions include all rainfall. The third version shows the rainfall accumulating as the storm moves.These visualizations were created to support presenstations at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) 2011. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 3850, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3850/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-08-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Extreme Russian Fires and Pakistan Floods Linked Meteorologically", "description": "In the summer of 2010, months of record-breaking drought and temperatures culminated with a rash of fires that ravaged western Russia for weeks. Temperatures in Moscow soared to an average of 104 °F (40 °C) during late July and early August — more than 18 °F (10 °C) above normal. Hundreds of fires broke out producing some $15 million in damages. The heat and smoke killed about 56,000 people, making the Russian wildfires fires one of the most lethal natural disasters of the year.Meanwhile, some 930 kilometers (1,500 miles) away, relentless rainfall was simultaneously pounding Pakistan and generating intense flooding. The Pakistan Meteorological Department reported nationwide rain totals 70 percent above normal in July and 102 percent above normal in August.New research conducted by William Lau, an atmospheric scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., suggests the two seemingly disconnected events were actually closely linked.Under normal circumstances, the jet stream pushes weather fronts through Eurasia in four or five days, but something unusual happened in July of 2010. A large-scale, stagnant weather pattern — known as an Omega blocking event — slowed the Rossby wave over Russia and prevented the normal progression of weather systems from west to east.As a result, a large region of high-pressure formed over Russia trapping a hot, dry air mass over the area. As the high lingered, the land surface dried and the normal transfer of moisture from the soil to the atmosphere slowed. Precipitation ceased, vegetation dried out, and the region became a taiga tinderbox.Meanwhile, the blocking pattern created unusual downstream wind patterns over Pakistan. Areas of low pressure on the leading edge of the Rossby wave formed in response to the high, pulling cold, dry Siberian air into lower latitudes.This cold air from Siberia clashed with warm, moist air arriving over Pakistan from the Bay of Bengal as part of the monsoon. There's nothing unusual about moisture moving north over India toward the Himalayas. It's a normal part of the monsoon. However, in this case, the unusual wind patterns associated with the blocking high brought upper level air disturbances farther south than typical, which in effect helped shifted the entire monsoon system north and west.This brought heavy monsoon rains — centered over parts of India — squarely over the northern part of Pakistan, a region ill-prepared to handle large amounts of rain. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3747, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3747/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-01-10T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGFs) from Fermi with Static Earth", "description": "In this visualization, we plot the timing and locations of terrestrial gamma flashes (TGFs) observed by the Gamma Ray Burst Monitor aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray observatory.One version of the map includes the global lightning probability (the light blue glow overlaying the global map) which varies with season. We see that TGFs are roughly correlated with lightning probability. || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 3748, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3748/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-01-10T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "Terrestrial Gamma Flashes (TGFs) from Fermi with Seasonal Earth", "description": "In this visualization, we plot the timing and locations of terrestrial gamma flashes (TGFs) observed by the Gamma Ray Burst Monitor aboard the Fermi Gamma-ray observatory.This version of the map includes the global lightning probability (the light blue glow overlaying the global map) which varies with season. The Earth's surface also illustrates some seasonal variations. We see that TGFs are roughly correlated with lightning probability, and the lightning probability correlated with seaons. There is more lightning in the summer season. || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 3756, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3756/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-01-10T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "Animated Daily Lightning Map", "description": "This is an animated map illustrating how the daily probability of lightning (the light blue glow) varies with the seasons.The highest lightning probabilty corresponds to the warmest locations at any given time (a higher probabilty of thunderstorms) and also with the seasons. The warmest locations tend to be even warmer in summer so lightning probability is even higher in those locations. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 3779, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3779/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Danielle's Hot Towers August 27,2010 Stereoscopic Version", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft allows us to look under Hurricane Danielle's clouds to see the rain structure on August 27, 2005 at 06:46 UTC or 2:46 EDT. At this time, Hurricane Danielle was a powerful Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale with sustained winds of 115 knots (132 mph). An area of deep convective towers (shown in red) is prominently visible in the center of the storm. These tall towers are the key to Danielle's intensification. They are associated with the strong thunderstorms responsible for the areas of intense rain. These storms within a storm are releasing vast amounts of heat into the core of Danielle. This heating, known as latent heating, is what is driving the storm's circulation and intensification. This animation shows infrared data from TRMM's Visible Infrared Scanner (VIRS) sensor above a thinner swath from TRMM's Precipitation Radar (PR). TRMM reveals that Danielle now has a well-formed eye surrounded by sharply curved rainbands—all signs of mature storm with an intense circulation. TRMM also reveals that there are very powerful thunderstorms in Danielle's eye wall dropping extreme amounts of rain. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3797, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3797/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-10-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Builds Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM)", "description": "The Global Precipitation Measurement, or GPM, mission will use an international constellation of satellites to study global rain, snow and ice to better understand our climate, weather, and hydrometeorological processes. One of the critical components of the Earth's hydrological cycle is precipitation. Rainfall is essential for providing the fresh water that sustains life. Water cycling and the future availability of fresh water resources are immense societal concerns that impact every nation on Earth. It affects virtually every environmental issue. Solid forms of precipitation, such as snow and ice, frequently create hazardous conditions during winter storms. Heavy snowfalls severely disrupt transportation networks and temporarily paralyze local economies. Snowfall is also beneficial to many, as it provides the major source of fresh water during arid summer months in many mountainous regions. In the atmosphere, the condensation of water vapor into rain, and then rain into ice, releases vast quantifies of heat. The heat energy drives the wind systems of Earth's atmosphere, and powers violent storms such as hurricanes. In many respects, precipitation is truly the centerpiece of our planet's hydrological cycle, and understanding it is crucial to unraveling many of the uncertainties about Earth's climate.We cannot understand the water and energy cycle or predict weather and climate without an accurate knowledge of the intensity and distribution of global precipitation. Measurement of various aspects of precipitation (e.g. distribution, amount, rates, and the associated heat release) represents one of the most challenging research problems in Earth science. Yet, accurate global precipitation measurements will benefit weather, climate, hydro-meteorological, and applications communities alike. The concept of Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) is NASA's response to the need for accurate global precipitation measurement. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3759, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3759/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-09-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Danielle's Hot Towers", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft allows us to look under Hurricane Danielle's clouds to see the rain structure on August 27, 2005 at 06:46 UTC or 2:46 EDT. At this time, Hurricane Danielle was a powerful Category 4 hurricane on the Saffir-Simpson scale with sustained winds of 115 knots (132 mph). An area of deep convective towers (shown in red) is prominently visible in the center of the storm. These tall towers are the key to Danielle's intensification. They are associated with the strong thunderstorms responsible for the areas of intense rain seen in the previous image. These storms within a storm are releasing vast amounts of heat into the core of Danielle. This heating, known as latent heating, is what is driving the storm's circulation and intensification. This animation shows infrared data from TRMM's Visible Infrared Scanner (VIRS) sensor above a thinner swath from TRMM's Precipitation Radar (PR). TRMM reveals that Danielle now has a well-formed eye surrounded by sharply curved rainbands—all signs of mature storm with an intense circulation. TRMM also reveals that there are very powerful thunderstorms in Danielle's eye wall dropping extreme amounts of rain. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 10633, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10633/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2010-08-24T07:00:00-04:00", "title": "Katrina Retrospective: 5 Years After the Storm", "description": "On August 29, 2005, Hurricane Katrina made landfall along the Gulf Coast. Five years later, NASA revisits the storm with a short video that shows Katrina as captured by satellites. Before and during the hurricane's landfall, NASA provided data gathered from a series of Earth observing satellites to help predict Katrina's path and intensity. In its aftermath, NASA satellites also helped identify areas hardest hit.For complete transcript, click here. || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_appleTV.00427_print.jpg (1024x576) [144.4 KB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_appleTV_web.png (320x180) [295.6 KB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_appleTV_thm.png (80x40) [17.7 KB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_appleTV.m4v (960x540) [144.9 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina.wmv (1280x720) [90.1 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [203.1 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_prores.mov (1280x720) [3.0 GB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_appleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [43.9 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [55.8 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_portal.mov (640x360) [119.5 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_nasacast.m4v (320x240) [25.5 MB] || G2010-104_Hurricane_Katrina_SVS.mpg (512x288) [27.6 MB] || ", "hits": 90 }, { "id": 3746, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3746/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-07-01T20:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Alex Makes Landfall in Northeastern Mexico", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Alex on June 30, 2010 at 2103 UTC (5:02 PM EST). At this time, Hurricane Alex was increasing in intensity and had become a category 2 storm with estimated winds at 75 knots (~86.4 mph) and a pressure reading of 962 mb. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar (PR) instruments. The TMI rainfall analysis shows that Alex had a well defined eye containing powerful thounderstorms that were dropping extreme amounts of rain. The clouds are taken by TRMM's visible-infrared radiometer (VIRS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-13) infrared instrument. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface under the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. Areas of extremely heavy rainfall are colored in red. Heavy rainfall are colored in yellow, moderate rainfall are colored in green, and light rain are in blue. || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 3745, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3745/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-07-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina 3D Stereoscopic Viewfinder Image", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Katrina on August 28, 2005. At the time the data was collected, Katrina was a Category 5 hurricane, the most destructive and deadly. The cloud cover data was taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS), with additional data from the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure data was taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). This view looks underneath the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. This stereoscopic still image was created from a previous visualization and is intended for viewing through a special NASA Earth Science Viewfinder available through NASA Headquarters. Below, we include an anaglyph version, a printable viewfinder version, and the individual left eye and right eye views. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3744, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3744/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tropical Depression ALEX hits Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Depression Alex on June 27, 2010 at 2214 UTC (6:14 PM EST). Tropical depression Alex was near the western coast of Mexico's Yucatan Peninsula. Alex had weakened and wasn't dropping the very heavy rainfall that had occurred a day earlier causing deadly flooding. At the time of this image, Alex had winds estimated at 35 knots (~40.3 mph) and a pressure reading of 991 mb. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar (PR) instruments. The clouds are taken by TRMM's visible-infrared radiometer (VIRS) and the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Geostationary Operational Environmental Satellite (GOES-13) infrared instrument. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface under the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. Areas of extremely heavy rainfall are colored in red. Heavy rainfall are colored in yellow, moderate rainfall are colored in green, and light rain are in blue. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 10579, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10579/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2010-02-25T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "A Warming World Promo", "description": "This short video announces the launch of the \"A Warming World\" Web page on NASAs Global Climate Change Web site:http://climate.nasa.gov/warmingworld/A Warming World features videos, images, articles and interactive visuals that discuss rising global temperatures and the impact of greenhouse gases as the main contributor to modern climate trends. For complete transcript, click here. || Warming_World_svs.01302_print.jpg (1024x576) [41.8 KB] || Warming_World_svs_web.png (320x180) [88.5 KB] || Warming_World_svs_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || Warming_World_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [11.5 MB] || Warming_World_YoutubeHQ.mov (1280x720) [24.2 MB] || Warming_World_AppleTV.m4v (960x720) [26.9 MB] || Warming_World_fullres.mov (1280x720) [754.0 MB] || Warming_World_iPodlarge.m4v (640x360) [9.3 MB] || Warming_World_iPodsmall.m4v (320x180) [4.2 MB] || Warming_World_svs.mpg (512x288) [7.1 MB] || Warming_World_portal.wmv (346x260) [8.1 MB] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3660, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3660/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-11-09T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Tropical Storm Ida Observed on November 9, 2009 at 1218 UTC", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Storm Ida on November 9, 2009 at 1218 UTC (7:18 AM EST). Scattered convective thunderstorms are shown producing moderate to heavy rainfall of over 50 millimeters per hour (~2 inches) north of IDA's center of circulation and in a strong band on the eastern side. At the time of this image IDA had winds estimated at 70 knots (~80.5 mph). IDA is predicted by the National Hurricane Center in Miami, Florida to hit the Gulf coast near Pensacola, Florida on Tuesday morning. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface under the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3624, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3624/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-09-13T01:00:00-04:00", "title": "2008 Northern Australia Fire Observations", "description": "The data used to generate this animation were collected by the NASA MODIS intrument. Data are collected four times per day using two satellite platforms. The instrument design included the capability to identify active fires sensing in the middle infrared part of the spectrum. The fire data used in the animation were generated by the MODIS advanced processing system at NASA. The MODIS Global Fire data are available free of charge and within a few hours of satellite acquisition. The fire data are used by scientists and fire managers around the world. The fires that these data show include - savanna fires, wildfires, managed fires, agricultural fires, and thermal anomalies associated with power plants or gas flares. Fires occur around the world at different times of the year. MODIS is entering its 10th year of data collection and we are using the data to study the global distribution of fires and document changed in fire regimes due to climate or land use change. These fire data are used by Australian fire managers and scientists. Dr Chris Justice and the MODIS team participated in the NAILSMA experiment. NAILSMA was commissioned by the Northern Australia Land and Water Taskforce to convene a forum to bring together key Indigenous water experts from across the north of Australia to discuss their water interests and issues. This part of Northern Australia is an important area in terms of biodiversity and fire is an integral ecosystem process. We are interested in applying these data and other data from the MODIS instrument to better understand the occurence of fire and its characteristics in the Northern Territories with respect to emissions of trace gases into the atmosphere an the imacts of fire on the ecosystem. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3626, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3626/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-08-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Bill on August 17, 2009 at 1133 UTC", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Bill on August 17, 2009 at 1133 UTC. At this time the storm was a category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 56 knots (64 mph), a pressure reading of 994 millibars. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface under the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3597, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3597/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-06-13T01:00:00-04:00", "title": "Fire Observations - As the World Turns", "description": "From space, we can understand fires in ways that are impossible from the ground. NASA research has contributed to much improved detection of fire for scientific purposes using satellite remote sensing and geographic information systems. This has helped advance our understanding of the impacts of fire in many areas of earth science, including atmospheric chemistry and the impacts on protected areas. This research has led to the development of a rapid response system widely used throughout the world for both natural resource management and for firefighting by providing near real-time information. In this animation of fires around the globe in 2007, each red dot marks a new fire. From brush fires in Africa to forest fires in North America, satellites are locating every significant fire on Earth to within one kilometer. More information on the Fire Information for Resource Management (FIRMS) is available at http://maps.geog.umd.edu/firms/ || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3571, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3571/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This is a modification of animation ID #3404 : Global Rotation showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice, which only covered a one-year time period.For a 3D stereo version of this visualization, please visit animation entry: #3578: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 3578, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3578/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry: #3571: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accomodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3560, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3560/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-12T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ike Attacks the Gulf Coast on September 12, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ike on September 12, 2008 at 1035Z or 6:35 AM EST. At this time the storm was an extremely dangerous category 2 hurricane with sustained winds of 90 knots (103 mph) and a pressure reading of 953 millibars. Hurricane-force winds were extending outward 120 miles from the center, while tropical storm-force winds extend up to 275 miles. Size matters when it comes to hurricanes. Larger storms produce a wider swath of wind damage and stir up the water that create a surge on a longer coastline. With Hurricane Ike, the wind field is exceptionally large and so is the destructive potential for storm surge. Surge flooding up to 25 feet is expected. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3559, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3559/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-11T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ike on September 10, 2008 at 1745 UTC", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ike on September 10, 2008 at 1745 UTC or 1:45PM EST. At this time the storm was a category 2 hurricane with sustained winds of 85 knots (97.75 mph), a pressure reading of 958 millibars, and a diameter of 100 miles. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface uner the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. This surface is colored according to cloud height where yellow represents 10 km thunderclouds and red represents 15 km or more intense thunderclouds. Ike is expected to generate a 10 to 15 foot storm surge along a 100 mile stretch of the Texas Coast from the eye landfall location. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3532, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3532/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Current Sea Surface Temperatures Rising in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the East Coast of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This blended microwave- and infrared-wavelength data was taken by the AMSR-E and MODIS instruments aboard the Aqua satellite, and the TMI instrument aboard the TRMM satellite. This animation updates every 24 hours. || ", "hits": 92 }, { "id": 3558, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3558/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-10T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ike Strengthens in the Gulf of Mexico on September 10, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ike on September 10, 2008 as slammed into Cuba . At this time the storm was a category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 75 knots (86.25 mph) and a pressure reading of 963 millibars. At this time, TRMM's data and aircraft reports confirm the small inner eye is eroding as the outer bands, shown here as red towers, are becoming better defined. This could limit rapid intensity development in the very near term, but the storm is projected to strengthen before it makes landfall. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The colored isosurface uner the clouds show the rain seen by the PR instrument. This surface is colored according to cloud height where yellow represents 10 km thunderclouds and red represents 12 km more intense thunderclouds. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3557, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3557/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-08T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ike Slams Cuba on September 8, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ike on September 8, 2008 as slammed into Cuba . At this time the storm had weakened to a category 2 hurricane with sustained winds of 85 knots (98 mph) and a pressure reading of 960 millibars. Hurricane-force winds were extending outward 60 miles from the center, while tropical storm-force winds extended up to 200 miles from the center. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 1.5 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3553, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3553/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-04T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ike on September 4, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ike on September 4, 2008 as it strengthened in the Atlantic. At this time the storm was an extremely dangerous category 4 hurricane with sustained winds of 125 knots (143 mph) and a pressure reading of 935 millibars. Hurricane-force winds were extending outward 45 miles from the center, while tropical storm-force winds extend up to 140 miles. The cloud cover in this animation is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3550, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3550/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-03T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tropical Storm Hanna's Towering Thunderclouds", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Storm Hanna on September 1, 2008 at 1418 UTC (10:18 EDT). At this time the storm was a tropical storm with sustained winds of 50 knots (57.5 mph) and a pressure reading of 994 millibars. Three hours later, The National Hurricane Center upgraded this storm to a category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 70 knots and a pressure reading of 984 millibars. TRMM documented one reason for this rapid intensification - strong thunderstorms with heights of over 17 kilometers (10.5 miles) in the eastern eyewall of this tropical storm. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. The rain structure is colored by the height of the clouds. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3545, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3545/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Gustav on August 31, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Gustav on August 31, 2008 as the Gulf Coast braces for the worst. At this time the storm was a category 3 hurricane with sustained winds of 100 knots (115 mph) and a pressure reading of 957 millibars. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar (PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3539, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3539/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-08-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Blue Marble Next Generation Images from Terra/MODIS", "description": "The Blue Marble Next Generation (BMNG) data set provides a monthly global cloud-free true-color picture of the Earth's landcover at a 500-meter spatial resolution. This data set, shown on a globe, is derived from monthly data collected in 2004. The ocean color is derived from applying a depth shading to the bathymetry data. The Antarctica coverage snown is the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica. Behind the Earth is a skymap from the Tycho and Hipparcos star catalogs. This skymap is plotted in plate carrée projection (Cylindrical-Equidistant) using celestial coordinates making them suitable for mapping onto spheres in many popular animation programs. The stars are plotted as gaussian point-spread functions (PSF) so the size and amplitude of the stars corresponds to their relative intensity. The stars are also elongated in Right Ascension (celestial longitude) based on declination (celestial latitude) so stars in the polar regions will still be round when projected on a sphere. Stars fainter than the threshold magnitude, usually selected as 5th magnitude, have their magnitude-intensity curve adjusted so they appear brighter than they really are. This makes the band of the Milky Way more visible. Stellar colors are assigned based on B and V magnitudes (B and V are stellar magnitudes measured through different filters). If Tycho B and V magnitudes are unavailable, Johnson B and V magnitudes are used instead. From these, an effective stellar temperature is derived using the algorithms described in Flower (ApJ 469, 355 1996). Corrections were noted from Siobahn Morgan (UNI). The effective temperature was then converted to CIE tristimulus X,Y,Z triples assuming a black-body emission distribution. The X,Y,Z values are then converted to red-green-blue color pixels. About 2.4 million stars are plotted, but many may be below the pixel intensity resolution. The three most conspicuously missing objects on these maps are the Andromeda galaxy (M31) and the two Magellanic Clouds. || ", "hits": 241 }, { "id": 3543, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3543/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-08-27T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Gustav on August 27, 2008", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Gustav on August 27, 2008 as it attacked Haiti. At this time the storm was a category 1 hurricane with sustained winds of 65 knots (75 mph) and a pressure reading of 992 millibars. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3542, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3542/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-08-26T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Gustav Slams Haiti", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Gustav on August 26, 2008 just before it made landfall in Haiti. At this time the storm sustained winds of 75 knots (86 mph) and a pressure reading of 984 millibars. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3536, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3536/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-08-11T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tropical Storm Edouard", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Storm Edouard on August 5, 2008 as it made landfall in Texas. At this time the storm sustained winds of 55 knots (63 mph). The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3541, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3541/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-08-11T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tropical Storm Fay Inundates Florida", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Storm Fay on August 20, 2008 at 0345Z as it crossed Florida. At this time the storm sustained winds of 45 knots (52 mph) and a pressure reading of 990 millibars. The storm stalled in this location for 24 hours and brought over 24 inches of rain to Eastern Florida. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3523, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3523/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Seasonal Landcover for Science On a Sphere", "description": "The Blue Marble Next Generation (BMNG) data set provides a monthly global cloud-free true-color picture of the Earth's land cover at a 500-meter spatial resolution. This series of images fades from month to month showing seasonal variations such as snowfall, spring greening and droughts in a seamless fashion. The data set,derived from monthly data collected in 2004, is shown on a flat cartesian grid. The ocean color is derived from applying a depth shading to the bathymetry data. Where available, the Antarctica coverage shown is the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA). || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 3462, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3462/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-30T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global TRMM Rainmap 2005", "description": "This is a three-hour global rainmap from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2005, as compiled by the TRMM satellite's Multi-satellite Precipation Analysis. The TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis produces three hourly rain rates at 0.250 latitude by 0.250 longitude grid covering 500S to 500N. The input data for this merged product include a merged intercalibrated microwave-only product (3B40RT) and an Infrared rain product that is calibrated using microwave rain rates (3B41RT). Currently, 3B40RT is generated using rain rate estimates from microwave measurements from the TRMM sensors and the Special Sensor Microwave Imagers on board the DMSP satellites using the Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF). 3B41RT is based on infrared measurements from geostationary satellites that are calibrated using microwave rain estimates. The 3B42RT estimate consists of the merged microwave estimate within the 3 hourly 0.25 degree space/time grid when available, and the calibrated IR rain rates otherwise. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3463, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3463/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-30T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global TRMM Rainmap 2004", "description": "This is a three-hour global rainmap from January 1, 2005 through December 31, 2004, as compiled by the TRMM satellite's Multi-satellite Precipation Analysis. The TRMM Multi-satellite Precipitation Analysis produces three hourly rain rates at 0.250 latitude by 0.250 longitude grid covering 500S to 500N. The input data for this merged product include a merged intercalibrated microwave-only product (3B40RT) and an Infrared rain product that is calibrated using microwave rain rates (3B41RT). Currently, 3B40RT is generated using rain rate estimates from microwave measurements from the TRMM sensors and the Special Sensor Microwave Imagers on board the DMSP satellites using the Goddard Profiling Algorithm (GPROF). 3B41RT is based on infrared measurements from geostationary satellites that are calibrated using microwave rain estimates. The 3B42RT estimate consists of the merged microwave estimate within the 3 hourly 0.25 degree space/time grid when available, and the calibrated IR rain rates otherwise. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3461, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3461/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Scientists Research Global Precipitation", "description": "The Global Precipitation Climatology Project (GPCP) is an element of the Global Energy and Water Cycle Experiment (GEWEX) of the World Climate Research program (WCRP). It was established by the WCRP in 1986 with the initial goal of providing monthly mean precipitation data on a 2.5 || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3460, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3460/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Change in Elevation over Greenland with Alternate Color Scale", "description": "Changes in the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are critical in quantifying forecasts for sea level rise. Since its launch in January 2003, the ICESat elevation satellite has been measuring the change in thickness of these ice sheets. This image of Greenland shows the changes in elevation over the Greenland ice sheet between 2003 and 2006, The white regions indicate a slight thickening, while the blue shades indicate a thinning of the ice sheet. Gray indicates areas where no change in elevation was measured. || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 3445, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3445/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-08-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Minimum Concentration 3-year moving averages for 1979-1981 to 2004-2006", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. This animation shows a 3-year moving average of the perennial ice cover, or minimum sea ice concentration, for from 1979-1981 through 2004-2006. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. This decrease is evident in the animation shown here.This is an update of animation ID #3267. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3448, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3448/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-08-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Dean on August 21, 2007", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Dean on August 21, 2007. At this time the storm was classified as a category two with sustained winds of 90 knots (103.7 mph). The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar (PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Gray represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3447, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3447/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-08-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Dean on August 19, 2007", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Dean on August 19, 2007. At this time the storm was classified as a dangerous category four with sustained winds of 125 knots (138 mph). The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 3436, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3436/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-07-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "CloudSat, Calipso and MODIS over Central America", "description": "Associated with tropical thunderstorms are broad fields of cirrus clouds that flow out of the tops of the vigorous storm systems that form over warm tropical oceans. These clouds play a role in how much infrared energy is trapped in Earth's atmosphere. NASA's Tropical Composition, Cloud and Climate Coupling (TC4) mission, which runs from July 16, 2007 through August 8, 2007, aims to document the full lifecycle of these clouds. Observations from four A-Train satellites flying in formation will complement the aircraft measurements with large-scale views of many different features of the atmosphere. Observations from this mission along with previous studies will improve our understanding of what effect a warming climate with rising ocean temperatures will have on these cloud systems. These images over Central America, produced in support of the TC4 mission, show a tropical storm system over Central and South America on August 2, 2006 as measured from multiple satellite sensors, including Aqua MODIS, CloudSat and CALIPSO. In this view from the Pacific Ocean, Panama is on the left and South America is shown on the right. In the following series of still images, each satellite's measurement is shown individually and in combination with the others from the same camera viewpoint. The profile showing CloudSat and CALIPSO data is truncated at a height of twenty kilometers and exaggerated ten times. The land topography is also exaggerated by a factor of ten. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3413, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3413/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-05-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Towers in the Tempest", "description": "This visualization won Honorable Mention in the National Science Foundation's Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge in September 2007. It was also shown during the SIGGRAPH 2008 Computer Animation Festival in Los Angeles, CA. 'Towers in the Tempest' is a 4.5 minute narrated animation that explains recent scientific insights into how hurricanes intensify. This intensification can be caused by a phenomenon called a 'hot tower'. For the first time, research meteorologists have run complex simulations using a very fine temporal resolution of 3 minutes. Combining this simulation data with satellite observations enables detailed study of 'hot towers'. The science of 'hot towers' is described using: observed hurricane data from a satellite, descriptive illustrations, and volumetric visualizations of simulation data. The first section of the animation shows actual data from Hurricane Bonnie observed by NASA's Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) spacecraft. Three dimensional precipitation radar data reveal a strong 'hot tower' in Hurricane Bonnie's internal structure. The second section uses illustrations to show the dynamics of a hurricane and the formation of 'hot towers'. 'Hot towers' are formed as air spirals inward towards the eye and is forced rapidly upwards, accelerating the movement of energy into high altitude clouds. The third section shows these processes using volumetric cloud, wind, and vorticity data from a supercomputer simulation of Hurricane Bonnie. Vertical wind speed data highlights a 'hot tower'. Arrows representing the wind field move rapidly up into the 'hot tower, boosting the energy and intensifying the hurricane. Combining satellite observations with super-computer simulations provides a powerful tool for studying Earth's complex systems. The complete script is available here . The storyboard is available here . There is also a movie of storyboard drawings with narration below. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 3419, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3419/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-04-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NAMMA Aircraft Flights from Cape Verde", "description": "The NASA African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis (NAMMA) campaign was a field research campaign to study African Easterly waves off the western coast of Africa. A DC-8 aircraft was flown out of the island of Sal, Cape Verde, in August and September 2006, and was outfitted with atmospheric sensors that measured data in this region that could be compared with satellite, balloon, and ground-based sensors to build up a comprehensive picture of the atmosphere in this region. This region is important in that it is one of the primary regions of tropical cyclogenesis, where Atlantic hurricanes form. This animation shows all the flight paths of the DC-8 during this campaign along with the corresponding cloud and satellite data from satellites. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3404, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3404/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Rotation Showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while seasonal land cover and Arctic sea ice vary through time. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2006. This time period repeats six times during the animation, playing at a rate of day frame per frame. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. || ", "hits": 100 }, { "id": 3402, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3402/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-02-15T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global View of the Arctic and Antarctic on September 21, 2005", "description": "In support of International Polar Year, this matching pair of images showing a global view of the Arctic and Antarctic were generated in poster-size resolution. Both images show the sea ice on September 21, 2005, the date at which the sea ice was at its minimum extent in the northern hemisphere. The color of the sea ice is derived from the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature while the extent of the sea ice was determined by the AMSR-E sea ice concentration. Over the continents, the terrain shows the average land cover for September, 2004. (See Blue Marble Next Generation) The global cloud cover shown was obtained from the original Blue Marble cloud data distributed in 2002. (See Blue Marble:Clouds) A matching star background is provided for each view. All images include transparency, allowing them to be composited on a background. || ", "hits": 117 }, { "id": 3379, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3379/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-10-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arrange for Change Poster", "description": "As part of the Earth to Sky project, this graphic is being used by the National Park Service (NPS) as a 7.5 X 9.8 foot traveling exhibition booth. Earth to Sky is a partnership between NASA and NPS that gives NASA content to NPS interpreters to help park visitors connect with the natural and cultural heritage of the U.S. The 'Arrange for Change' theme, provides information about the climate change and its consequences for National Parks. The 'Blue Marble' Earth image and star field provided by the Scientific Visualization Studio are used to evoke the emotional connection that this is the only planet we can call home. || ", "hits": 62 }, { "id": 3362, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3362/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-06-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Scientists Research Tropical Cyclones", "description": "From hot towers to phytoplankton blooms, NASA's cutting-edge hurricane research has been revealing never-before-seen aspects of these giant storms for over a decade. The past three years have seen great progress in the areas of intensity monitoring and 3-D modeling of hurricanes. In 2006, scientists at NASA and other institutions have more tools than ever to study these storms using the very latest in ground, air, and space-based technology. The top left window shows sea surface temperature and clouds. Orange and red colors represent ocean temperatures at 82 degrees Fahrenheit or higher. This is the temperature required for hurricanes to form. The bottom left window shows wind analysis model data from NASA's Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction (MAP '05) program. The top right window shows Rainfall Accumulation for Hurricane Katrina from the TRMM spacecraft. The bottom right window shows Energy-releasing deep convective clouds (to 16 km) in the eyewall of Hurricane Katrina, called 'Hot Towers', on August 28 occurred while the storm was intensifying to a category 5 classification. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3355/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-05-20T23:55:00-04:00", "title": "A Short Tour of the Cryosphere", "description": "A newer version of this animation is available here.This narrated, 5-minute animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet. This is a shorter version of a narrated, 7 1/2 minute animation entitled 'A Tour of the Cryosphere'.See the above link for a detailed description of the full animation.Two sections have been removed from the original animation: one showing a flyby of the South Pole station and glaciers feeding the Ross Ice Shelf and one showing solar data related to the Earth's energy balance.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3349, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3349/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-04-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Satellite and TMI Swath", "description": "The Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite was launched on November 27, 1997, as a joint mission of NASA and the Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency, JAXA. TRMM has five Earth-observing instruments on board and circles the Earth every 92 minutes in an equatorial orbit between 35 degrees north and south latitude so that those instruments can measure precipitation in the tropics. One of the instruments, TMI, observes five frequencies of microwave emissions in a 780-kilometer wide swath along the orbit in order to measure the amount of rain and ice in the atmosphere. This animation shows the TRMM satellite orbiting for one day, August 27, 2005, showing a set of TRMM measurements at a frequency of 85.5 GHz. In this frequency band, atmospheric ice crystals scatter microwaves and so areas with ice crystals appear colder than areas with no ice. Both Hurricane Katrina, just to the west of Florida in the Gulf of Mexico, and Typhoon Talim, in the westerm Pacific between Japan and New Guinea, show up as bright swirling patterns. This measurement is just one of the TMI measurements that go into calculating the total instantaneous rainfall in the tropics. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3347, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3347/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-03-24T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Tropical Cyclone Larry on March 19, 2006", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Tropical Cyclone Larry on March 19, 2006 at 1812Z. At this time the storm was classified as a dangerous category four with sustained winds of 100 knots (115 mph) and a pressure reading of 944mb. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS). The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3280, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3280/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Wilma from TRMM: October 17, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Wilma on October 17, 2005 at 1754Z. At this time the storm was classified as a Tropical Storm with a minimum pressure of 997 mb, and sustained winds of 45 knots. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3281, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3281/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Wilma's Hot Towers seen by TRMM 10/17/2005 at 1754Z", "description": "On October 17, 2005 at 1754 Zulu, Wilma was classified as a Tropical Storm with sustained wind speeds of only 45 knots. Forty hours later the storm had increased its intensity to category five status with sustained winds of 150 knots. Spikes in the rain structure known as 'Hot Towers' indicate storm intensity. 'Hot Towers' refers to tall cumulonimbus clouds and has been seen as one of the mechanisms by which the intensity of a tropical cyclone is maintained. Because of the size (1-20 km) and short duration (30 minute to 2 hours) of these hot towers, studies of these events have been limited to descriptive studies from aircraft observations, although a few have attempted to use the presence of hot towers in a predictive capacity. Before TRMM, no data set existed that could show globally and definitively the presence of these hot towers in cyclone systems. Aircraft radar studies of individual storms lack global coverage. Global microwave or infrared sensor observations do not provide the needed spatial resolution. With a ground resolution of 5 km, the TRMM Precipitation Radar provided the needed data set for examining the predictive value of hot towers in cyclone intensification. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3283, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3283/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Observes Hurricane Wilma on October 19, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Wilma on October 19, 2005 at 1740Z. At this time the storm was classified as the most dangerous category five. Wilma had record low minimum pressure readings of 893 mb and sustained winds of 140 knots (161 mph). The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3284, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3284/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA's TRMM Satellite Captures Hurricane Wilma Data on October 20, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Wilma on October 20, 2005 at 0152Z. At this time the storm was classified as the most dangerous category five. Wilma had record low minimum pressure readings of 892 mb and sustained winds of 140 knots. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3288, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3288/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Wilma on October 20, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Wilma on October 20, 2005 at 1645Z. At this time the storm was classified as a dangerous category four with sustained winds of 125 knots (138 mph). The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI) and TRMM's Precitation Radar(PR) instruments. TRMM looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3289, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3289/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM captures Hot Towers Igniting Hurricane Wilma's Heat Engine", "description": "On October 17, 2005 at 0302 Zulu (11:02 EDT on October 16, 2005), Wilma was classified as a Tropical Storm with sustained wind speeds of only 30 knots (34 mph) and pressure reading of 1001 mb. Forty-Eight hours later the storm had increased its intensity to category five status with sustained winds of 150 knots (172 mph). The tall towers (in red) near the center of the circulation often indicate further strengthening. Because of the size (1-20 km) and short duration (30 minute to 2 hours) of these hot towers, studies of these events have been limited to descriptive studies from aircraft observations, although a few have attempted to use the presence of hot towers in a predictive capacity. Before TRMM, no data set existed that could show globally and definitively the presence of these hot towers in cyclone systems. Aircraft radar studies of individual storms lack global coverage. Global microwave or infrared sensor observations do not provide the needed spatial resolution. With a ground resolution of 5 km, the TRMM Precipitation Radar provided the needed data set for examining the predictive value of hot towers in cyclone intensification. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3248, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3248/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-19T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Brightness Temperature Progression During Hurricane Katrina: Horizontal Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation builds up four days of global TMI 85 GHz measurements. Hurricane Katrina was in the Gulf of Mexico at the time and clearly shows up in the measurements. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3239, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3239/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina Rain Accumulation (WMS)", "description": "This animation shows rain accumulation from Hurricane Katrina from August 23 through 30, 2005 based on data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis. Satellite cloud data from NOAA/GOES is overlaid for context. The accumulation is shown in colors ranging from green (less than 30 mm of rain) through red (80 mm or more). The TRMM satellite, using the world's only spaceborne rain radar and other microwave instruments, measures rainfall over the ocean. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3242, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3242/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Brightness Temperature Swath during Hurricane Katrina: Vertical Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation shows four days of TMI 85 GHz measurements, one orbit at a time. Hurricane Katrina was in the Gulf of Mexico at the time and clearly shows up in the measurements. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3243, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3243/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Brightness Temperature Swath during Hurricane Katrina: Horizontal Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation shows four days of TMI 85 GHz measurements, one orbit at a time. Hurricane Katrina was in the Gulf of Mexico at the time and clearly shows up in the measurements. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3247, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3247/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Brightness Temperature Progression during Hurricane Katrina: Vertical Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation builds up four days of global TMI 85 GHz measurements. Hurricane Katrina was in the Gulf of Mexico at the time and clearly shows up in the measurements. || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 3249, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3249/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Measurements during Hurricane Katrina: Vertical Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation shows eight days of global TMI 85 GHz measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during Hurricane Katrina. The hurricane Katrina rainbands clearly show up in these images. || ", "hits": 7 }, { "id": 3250, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3250/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "TRMM Microwave Measurements during Hurricane Katrina: Horizontal Polarization", "description": "The TMI instrument on the TRMM satellite measures microwaves emitted from the Earth's land and water. By comparing emission from different microwave frequencies, the characteristics of ice and water in the atmosphere can be determined. For example, 85 GHz microwaves are scattered by ice crystals in tropical cyclones, making cyclone rain bands appear 'colder' than the surrounding areas. By comparing 85 GHz temperatures in different polarizations with other frequency band measurements, accurate measurements of rainfall in the atmosphere can be made. This animation shows eight days of global TMI 85 GHz measurements in the Gulf of Mexico during Hurricane Katrina. The hurricane Katrina rainbands clearly show up in these images. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 3268, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3268/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita Rain Accumulation", "description": "This animation shows rain accumulation from Hurricane Rita from September 18 through 25, 2005 based on data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis. Satellite cloud data from NOAA/GOES is overlaid for context. The accumulation is shown in colors ranging from green (less than 30 mm of rain) through red (80 mm or more). The TRMM satellite, using the world's only spaceborne rain radar and other microwave instruments, measures rainfall over the ocean. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3290, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3290/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Wilma Rain Accumulation", "description": "This animation shows rain accumulation from Hurricane Wilma from October 15 through 25, 2005 based on data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis. Satellite cloud data from NOAA/GOES is overlaid for context. The accumulation is shown in colors ranging from green (less than 30 mm of rain) through red (80 mm or more). The TRMM satellite, using the world's only spaceborne rain radar and other microwave instruments, measures rainfall over the ocean. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3263, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3263/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita from TRMM: September 23, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Rita on September 23, 2005 at 0852Z. At this time the storm was a category 4 hurricane with a minimum pressure of 924 mb, and sustained winds of 120 knots. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3262, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3262/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita from TRMM: September 22, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Rita on September 22, 2005 at 0810Z. At this time the storm was the most destructive category 5 hurricane with a minimum pressure of 898mb, sustained winds of 150 knots, and a 15 nautical mile eye diameter. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3258, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3258/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita from TRMM: September 20, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft is used to understand Hurricane Rita. TRMM observed this view of Hurricane Rita just before the storm made landfall on September 20, 2005. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3259, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3259/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita's Hot Towers", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft allows us to look under Hurricane Rita's clouds to see the rain structure on September 19, 2005 at 15Z. Spikes in the rain structure known as 'hot towers' indicate storm intensity. 'Hot Towers' refers to tall cumulonimbus clouds and has been seen as one of the mechanisms by which the intensity of a tropical cyclone is maintained. Because of the size (1-20 km) and short duration (30 minute to 2 hours) of these hot towers, studies of these events have been limited to descriptive studies from aircraft observations, although a few have attempted to use the presence of hot towers in a predictive capacity. Before TRMM, no data set existed that could show globally and definitively the presence of these hot towers in cyclone systems. Aircraft radar studies of individual storms lack global coverage. Global microwave or Infrared sensor observations do not provide the needed spatial resolution. With a ground resolution of 5 km, the TRMM Precipitation Radar provided the needed data set for examining the predictive value of hot towers in cyclone intensification. At the time the data was taken, this storm was classified as a Tropical Storm with winds off 55 knots and a pressure of 994mb. The existence of these 18 km towers in the eye wall alerted researchers that this storm was going to rapidly intensify. Within 48 hours of this data set, the storm was a very strong category 4 hurricane. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 3260, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3260/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita from TRMM: September 21, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft is used to understand Hurricane Rita. TRMM observed this view of Hurricane Rita on September 21, 2005 at 0909Z. At this time the storm was a category 3 hurricane with a minimum pressure of 956mb, sustained winds of 105 knots, and a 25 nautical mile eye diameter. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3252, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3252/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Anatomy of Hurricane Isabel", "description": "This visualization shows several data sets from Hurricane Isabel. Sea surface temperature (SST) as seen by Aqua/AMSR-E is represented by the colors in the ocean. Red and yellow are waters above 82 degrees Fahrenheit which is favorable for hurricane formation. Sea surface winds as seen by QuikSCAT are represented by the arrows over the SSTs. Internal rain structure as seen by TRMM/PR is represented by the semi-transparent surfaces close to the ocean surface. Isabel's wam hurricane core as seen by GOES/AMSU is represented by the ellipsoid shapes above the rain structure. This visualizaiton was intended as a proof of concept; but has been released due to its popularity. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3253, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3253/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-15T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina Hot Towers", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft allows us to look under Hurricane Katrina's clouds to see the rain structure on August 28, 2005 at 0324Z. Spikes in the rain structure known as 'hot towers' indicate storm intensity. 'Hot Towers' refers to tall cumulonimbus clouds and has been seen as one of the mechanisms by which the intensity of a tropical cyclone is maintained. Because of the size (1-20 km) and short duration (30 minute to 2 hours) of these hot towers, studies of these events have been limited to descriptive studies from aircraft observations, although a few have attempted to use the presence of hot towers in a predictive capacity. Before TRMM, no data set existed that could show globally and definitively the presence of these hot towers in cyclone systems. Aircraft radar studies of individual storms lack global coverage. Global microwave or Infrared sensor observations do not provide the needed spatial resolution. With a ground resolution of 5 km, the TRMM Precipitation Radar provided the needed data set for examining the predictive value of hot towers in cyclone intensification. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 3219, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3219/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-14T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina from TRMM: August 29, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft is used to understand Hurricane Katrina. TRMM observed this view of Hurricane Katrina just before the storm made landfall on August 29, 2005. Katrina remains an extremely large and dangerous hurricane. Hurricane force winds extend outward up to 105 miles from the storm's center. Coastal storm surge flooding of 18 to 22 feet above normal tide levels are expected. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 3244, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3244/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-12T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ophelia from TRMM: September 11, 2005 1648 Zulu", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ophelia on September 11, 2005. At the time the data was taken, the hurricane was a Category 1 hurricane with winds of 70 KT. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3245, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3245/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-12T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Ophelia from TRMM: September 11, 2005 1826 Zulu", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Ophelia on September 11, 2005 at 1826 Zulu. At the time the data was taken, the hurricane was a Category 1 hurricane located 250 miles east-southeast of Charleston, South Carolina and about 255 miles south of Cape Hatteras, North Carolina. The storm had sustained winds of 75 mph. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3221, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3221/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina Rain Accumulation", "description": "This animation shows rain accumulation from Hurricane Katrina from August 23 through 30, 2005 based on data from the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) Multisatellite Precipitation Analysis. Satellite cloud data from NOAA/GOES is overlaid for context. The accumulation is shown in colors ranging from green (less than 30 mm of rain) through red (80 mm or more). The TRMM satellite, using the world's only spaceborne rain radar and other microwave instruments, measures rainfall over the ocean. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 3218, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3218/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina from TRMM: August 28, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft observed this view of Hurricane Katrina on August 28, 2005. At the time the data was taken, the hurricane was a Category 5 hurricane, the most destructive and deadly. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner (VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 3214, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3214/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-08-30T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina from TRMM: August 25, 2005", "description": "NASA's TRMM spacecraft is used to understand Hurricane Katrina. TRMM observed this view of Hurricane Katrina just before the storm made landfall on August 25, 2005. The cloud cover is taken by TRMM's Visible and Infrared Scanner(VIRS) and the GOES spacecraft. The rain structure is taken by TRMM's Tropical Microwave Imager (TMI). It looks underneath of the storm's clouds to reveal the underlying rain structure. Blue represents areas with at least 0.25 inches of rain per hour. Green shows at least 0.5 inches of rain per hour. Yellow is at least 1.0 inches of rain and red is at least 2.0 inches of rain per hour. || ", "hits": 18 } ] }