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Terra MODIS 20230801 1600. || terra_modis_true_color_20230801_1600_print.jpg (1024x576) [229.4 KB] || terra_modis_true_color_20230801_1600.png (3840x2160) [11.6 MB] || terra_modis_true_color_20230801_1600_searchweb.png (320x180) [111.8 KB] || terra_modis_true_color_20230801_1600_thm.png (80x40) [7.5 KB] || terra_modis_true_color_20230801_1600.hwshow [121 bytes] || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 31223, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31223/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2023-04-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Daily View of Earth", "description": "A year-long true color global animation of MODIS corrected reflectance. || MODIS_combined_CorrRefl_TrueColor_2023-02-20_print.jpg (1024x576) [276.9 KB] || MODIS_combined_CorrRefl_TrueColor_2023-02-20_searchweb.png (320x180) [127.8 KB] || MODIS_combined_CorrRefl_TrueColor_2023-02-20_thm.png (80x40) [19.9 KB] || modis_truecolor_labeled_2022-2023_1080p10.webm (1920x1080) [8.7 MB] || MODIS_combined_CorrRefl_TrueColor_2023-02-20.tif (3840x2160) [14.0 MB] || modis_truecolor_labeled (3840x2160) [32.0 KB] || modis_truecolor_labeled_2022-2023_1080p10.mp4 (1920x1080) [176.9 MB] || modis_truecolor_labeled_2022-2023_2160p10.mp4 (3840x2160) [799.1 MB] || modis_truecolor_labeled_2022-2023_1080p10.hwshow [123 bytes] || modis_truecolor_labeled_2022-2023_2160p10.hwshow [123 bytes] || ", "hits": 340 }, { "id": 5030, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5030/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-09-22T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2022", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2022, Animation || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_print.jpg (1024x576) [125.6 KB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_searchweb.png (180x320) [71.7 KB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.03100_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || full (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.1 MB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.webm (1920x1080) [7.1 MB] || sea_ice_2022_min_1080p60.hwshow [89 bytes] || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 14015, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14015/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2021-11-19T09:00:00-05:00", "title": "Terra Orbital Drift Video", "description": "\"From Small Beginnings,\" by Jay Price [PRS]; Universal Production Music || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.02577_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.6 KB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.02577_searchweb.png (320x180) [53.9 KB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.02577_thm.png (80x40) [5.2 KB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.mov (1920x1080) [2.8 GB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL_lowres.mp4 (1280x720) [39.6 MB] || 14015_YOUTUBE_1080_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [181.1 MB] || 4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.webm (960x540) [41.8 MB] || 14015_FACEBOOK_720_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [153.7 MB] || 14015_YOUTUBE_4K_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL_youtube_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [899.2 MB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.en_US.srt [2.8 KB] || 14015_4938_TerraDrift_FINAL.en_US.vtt [2.7 KB] || ", "hits": 120 }, { "id": 4941, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4941/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-09-22T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2021", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2021, Animation || sea_ice_2021_min_1080p60.02820_print.jpg (1024x576) [162.7 KB] || sea_ice_2021_min_1080p60.02820_searchweb.png (320x180) [82.1 KB] || sea_ice_2021_min_1080p60.02820_thm.png (80x40) [14.7 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_60p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_2021_min_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [41.3 MB] || sea_ice_2021_min_1080p60.webm (1920x1080) [7.6 MB] || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 4860, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4860/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-09-21T13:20:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2020", "description": "Animation of Arctic sea ice extent from the Mar. 5, 2020 maximum to the Sept. 15, 2020 minimum, 30-year average extents in yellow || arctic_sea_ice_min_2020.1410_print.jpg (1024x576) [135.2 KB] || arctic_sea_ice_min_2020.1410_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [72.1 KB] || arctic_sea_ice_min_2020.1410_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || yellow_average (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || arctic_sea_ice_min_2020_1080p30_y.mp4 (1920x1080) [29.3 MB] || arctic_sea_ice_min_2020_1080p30_y.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 13523, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13523/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2020-04-20T13:30:00-04:00", "title": "Goddard Earth Science Overview", "description": "NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center has the largest collection of Earth scientists on the planet. Their job is to be the nation's trusted source of comprehensive environmental information about the current state and the future of Earth. They build, design, launch and operate scientific missions, including satellites and airborne campaigns, as well as ground campaigns, to understand how the Earth works and how to predict how the Earth will change in the future.Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV.01840_print.jpg (1024x576) [49.0 KB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV.01840_searchweb.png (180x320) [45.3 KB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV.01840_thm.png (80x40) [4.0 KB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-prores.mov (1920x1080) [6.0 GB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-youtube.mp4 (1920x1080) [749.4 MB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-facebook.mp4 (1920x1080) [563.5 MB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-twitter.mp4 (1280x720) [101.5 MB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-youtube.webm (1920x1080) [51.3 MB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-captions.en_US.srt [9.4 KB] || 13523_Goddard_Earth_Science_AGUTV-captions.en_US.vtt [9.4 KB] || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 13493, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13493/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-12-10T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Terra Satellite 20-Year Anniversary Instruments and Applications", "description": "Music: “Blackbird” by Magnum Opus [ASCAP]; Atmosphere Music Ltd [PRS]; Volta Music; Universal Production Music || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.02146_print.jpg (1024x576) [230.0 KB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.02146_searchweb.png (320x180) [132.3 KB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.02146_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.mov (1920x1080) [4.1 GB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL_VX-309499.webm (960x540) [73.2 MB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL_VX-309499_lowres.mp4 (1280x720) [51.8 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL_VX-309499_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [269.9 MB] || YOUTUBE_720_13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL_VX-309499_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [272.1 MB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.en_US.srt [2.4 KB] || 13493_Terra_Applications_20Anniversary_FINAL.en_US.vtt [2.4 KB] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 31053, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31053/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-12-02T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Vegetation Index, Terra MODIS", "description": "One of the primary interests of NASA's Earth Sciences Program is to study the role of terrestrial vegetation in large-scale processes with the goal of understanding how our world functions as a system. These maps show Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values—a measure of the \"greenness\" of Earth's landscapes—from February 2000 to the present. The values, derived using data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite, range from -0.1 to 0.9 and have no unit. Rather, they are index values in which higher values (0.4 to 0.9) show lands covered by green, leafy vegetation and lower values (0 to 0.4) show lands where there is little or no vegetation. Dark green areas show where there was a lot of green leaf growth; light greens show where there was some green leaf growth; and tan areas show little or no growth. Black means no data. || ", "hits": 321 }, { "id": 31076, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31076/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-11-28T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Carbon Monoxide", "description": "Colorless, odorless, and poisonous, carbon monoxide is a major air pollutant regulated in the United States and in many other nations around the world. When carbon-based fuels, such as coal, wood, and oil burn, they produce carbon monoxide.These maps show monthly averages of carbon monoxide from March 2000 to the present, as derived using data from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) sensor on NASA's Terra satellite. Surface concentrations of carbon monoxide are expressed in parts per billion by volume (ppbv). A concentration of 1 ppbv means that for every billion molecules of gas in the measured volume, one of them is a carbon monoxide molecule. Total column carbon monoxide is expressed in number of molecules (times 10^18) per centimeter squared. A total column amount of 1 means that the total amount of carbon monoxide in a vertical column from the top of the atmosphere to the surface is 10^18 molecules per square centimeter.In these maps, yellow areas have little or no carbon monoxide, while progressively higher concentrations are shown in orange, red, and dark red. || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 31059, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31059/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2019-11-13T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "CERES top of Atmosphere Fluxes", "description": "These maps show monthly top of atmosphere radiative fluxes from March 2000 to the present from the Energy Balanced and Filled (EBAF) data product. These data are produced by averaging observations collected by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites, filling in gaps and constraining the fluxes to remove the inconsistency between average global net TOA flux and heat storage in the Earth-atmosphere system. || ", "hits": 335 }, { "id": 4757, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4757/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2019-09-23T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2019", "description": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2019, Animation || minimum_2019.1409_print.jpg (1024x576) [130.4 KB] || minimum_2019.1409_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.2 KB] || minimum_2019.1409_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || minimum_2019_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [34.7 MB] || full (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || minimum_2019_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || minimum_2019_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [186 bytes] || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 4593, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4593/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-12-21T09:00:00-05:00", "title": "Earthrise in 4K", "description": "On December 24, 1968, Apollo 8 astronauts Frank Borman, Jim Lovell, and Bill Anders became the first humans to witness the Earth rising above the moon's barren surface. Now we can relive the astronauts' experience, thanks to data from NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter. Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || YOUTUBE_1080_G2018_Earthrise_Master_VX-300368_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [882.1 MB] || earthrise_print.jpg (3840x2160) [515.7 KB] || earthrise_print_searchweb.png (180x320) [52.8 KB] || earthrise_print_thm.png (80x40) [4.6 KB] || TWITTER_720_G2018_Earthrise_Master_VX-300368_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [114.9 MB] || FACEBOOK_720_G2018_Earthrise_Master_VX-300368_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [641.1 MB] || YOUTUBE_720_G2018_Earthrise_Master_VX-300368_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [832.1 MB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master_Output.en_US.srt [6.8 KB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master_Output.en_US.vtt [6.7 KB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master.webm (3840x2160) [107.0 MB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master.mp4 (3840x2160) [500.2 MB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master.mov (3840x2160) [19.6 GB] || G2018_Earthrise_Master.mp4.hwshow [82 bytes] || ", "hits": 816 }, { "id": 4684, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4684/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-09-27T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 2018 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent", "description": "Animation of Maximum to Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent, 2018, with 30-Year Average || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018.01599_web.png (320x180) [84.9 KB] || sea_ice_exent_w_avg (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [30.8 MB] || sea_ice_min_2018_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 12819, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12819/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2018-06-05T09:50:00-04:00", "title": "NASA's Worldview – Two Decades of Earth Data", "description": "Two decades of planetary change are available to explore in NASA's Worldview. Detailed views of volcanoes fuming, hurricanes flooding, dams being built, and wildfires sweeping across landscapes are just some of the data accessible. Worldview users can even create data animations at the touch of a button and easily share imagery, giving NASA's worldwide audience the ability to interactively view their world their way and interactively explore almost 20 years of planetary change. Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music: Natural Time Cycles by Laurent Dury || Hurricane_Katrina_print.jpg (1024x576) [183.3 KB] || Hurricane_Katrina.png (1920x1080) [3.0 MB] || Hurricane_Katrina_thm.png (80x40) [8.1 KB] || Hurricane_Katrina_searchweb.png (180x320) [111.0 KB] || TWITTER_720_MODIS18years_29.97_V10_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [36.2 MB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10.webm (960x540) [66.0 MB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [96.9 MB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [169.2 MB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [96.9 MB] || YOUTUBE_720_MODIS18years_29.97_V10_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [280.9 MB] || FACEBOOK_720_MODIS18years_29.97_V10_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [226.7 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_MODIS18years_29.97_V10_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [307.0 MB] || MODIS18years_Captions.en_US.vtt [1.8 KB] || MODIS18years_Captions.en_US.srt [1.8 KB] || CH28_MODIS18years_29.97_V10_ch28.mov (1280x720) [1.6 GB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10_lowres.mp4 (480x272) [22.8 MB] || MODIS18years_29.97_V10.mov (1920x1080) [2.3 GB] || ", "hits": 95 }, { "id": 30897, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30897/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-09-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Three Consecutive Swaths of Data, Three Different Hurricanes", "description": "It is extremely rare for a hurricane to show up in three consecutive swaths of data acquired by the same satellite. On September 7, 2017, hurricanes Katia (left, Category 1), Irma (center, Category 5), and Jose (right, Category 3) lined up across the Atlantic basin. The Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA’s Terra satellite acquired each image around 11:00 AM local time. The Atlantic hasn’t had three hurricanes at once since 2010 when hurricanes Igor, Julia, and Karl marched across the tropics—storms that also begin with letters I, J, and K. On September 5, Irma was labeled as an “extremely dangerous” Category 5 storm. Irma passed north of the Dominican Republic on September 7. This historically intense hurricane, which maintained winds of 185 miles per hour longer than any storm ever recorded on Earth, made landfall on Cuba’s Camaguey archipelago as a Category 5 hurricane on September 8, again at Cudjoe Key in lower Florida Keys as a Category 4 on September 10, and a final time in Florida later that day on Marco Island as a Category 3 storm. On September 6, Katia had strengthened over the southwestern Gulf of Mexico and was upgraded from tropical storm to Category 1 hurricane status. Katia shortly became a Category 2 storm on September 8, making landfall later that evening as a Category 1 storm north of Tecolutla, Mexico. Jose became a Category 1 storm on September 6 and rapidly intensified into a Category 4 storm by September 8. It remained a Category 4 storm until September 10. As of September 12, Jose is a Category 1 storm. The National Hurricane Center predicts that the storm will not make landfall in the next five days. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 12586, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12586/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-04-19T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA's Vantage Point to View Earth", "description": "NASA's fleet of Earth science satellites, along with Earth science instruments on the International Space Station, surveys the whole globe, even the most remote parts that are difficult if not impossible to visit. With instruments in space, scientists can get data for the whole globe in detail that they can't get anywhere else. This visualization shows the NASA fleet in 2017, from low Earth orbit all the way out to the DSCOVR satellite taking in the million-mile view.Music: The Glide, by Zubin Thakkar [SOCAN]Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_large.00330_print.jpg (1024x576) [107.1 KB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_large.00330_searchweb.png (320x180) [54.8 KB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_large.00330_thm.png (80x40) [4.5 KB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [332.3 MB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [108.9 MB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [54.7 MB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017.mpeg (1280x720) [363.5 MB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017.webm (960x540) [43.9 MB] || GSFC_20170419_EarthFleet_m12586_2017.en_US.vtt [42 bytes] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_prores.mov (720x480) [1.5 GB] || 12586_Earth_Fleet_2017_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [19.0 MB] || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 12564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12564/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-04-03T20:00:00-04:00", "title": "Blue Marble Next Generation", "description": "Blue Marble: Next Generation is a years worth of monthly composites at a spatial resolution of 500 meters. These monthly images, from january through December, reveal seasonal changes to the land surface: the green-up and dying-back of vegetation in temperate regions such as North America and Europe, dry and wet seasons in the tropics, and advancing and retreating Northern Hemisphere snow cover. || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_large.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [112.1 KB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_large.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [59.3 KB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_large.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.5 KB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [5.9 MB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD.webm (960x540) [2.6 MB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_youtube_hq.mov (3840x2160) [40.4 MB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_large.mp4 (3840x2160) [12.6 MB] || 5400x2700_2x1_60p (5400x2700) [4.0 KB] || GSFC_20170403_Blue_m12564_Marble.en_US.vtt [64 bytes] || 12564_Blue_Marble_prores_1280.mov (1280x720) [184.0 MB] || 12564_Blue_Marble_UHD_prores.mov (3840x2160) [1.4 GB] || ", "hits": 196 }, { "id": 4562, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4562/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Minimum Antarctic Sea Ice 2017", "description": "This movie begins at the 2016 Antarctic maximum on August 31, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Antarctic minimum on March 3, 2017. The 2017 minimum had only 2.1 million square kilometers of sea ice extent below the previous lowest minimum extext in the satellite record that occurred in 1997. || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_print.jpg (1024x576) [44.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_searchweb.png (320x180) [39.9 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591.tif (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 4564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4564/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from Arctic Minimum 2016 to Arctic Maximum 2017", "description": "This movie begins at Arctic Minimum on September 10, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Arctic maximum on March 7, 2017. The 2017 Arctic maximum was 14.42 million square kilometers (5.57 million square miles). The average maximum (1981-2010) is 15.64 million square kilometers. || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.7 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.8 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.9 MB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218.tif (3840x2160) [10.4 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [210 bytes] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 4481, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4481/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-07-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Extent: January - June 2016", "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from January 18 through July 7, 2016 || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016.0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [115.6 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016.0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [80.7 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016.0001_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.2 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016.webm (960x540) [20.6 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [24.8 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016.mpeg (1280x720) [175.3 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [176.6 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_prores.mov (1280x720) [750.3 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [7.3 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-July_2016_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [198 bytes] || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 12302, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12302/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-07-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aerosol Optical Thickness, MODIS, 2000-2016", "description": "Aerosol optical depth from Terra/MODIS, 1-month composite.In the maps shown here, dark brown pixels show high aerosol concentrations, while tan pixels show lower concentrations, and light yellow areas show little or no aerosols. Black shows where the sensor could not make its measurement.Aerosol optical depth is the degree to which aerosols prevent the transmission of light by absorption or scattering of light. || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_print.jpg (1024x512) [184.9 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.7 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.00001_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth.webm (960x540) [42.2 MB] || 3600x1800_2x1_30p (3600x1800) [16.0 KB] || GSFC_20160713_MODIS_m12302_Aerosol.en_US.vtt [64 bytes] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_large.mp4 (3600x1800) [233.1 MB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_youtube_hq.mov (3600x1800) [511.0 MB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_prores720.mov (1280x720) [1.7 GB] || MODIS_Aerosol_Optical_Depth_prores.mov (3600x1800) [11.1 GB] || ", "hits": 227 }, { "id": 30760, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30760/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-04-20T06:00:00-04:00", "title": "Reading the ABCs from Space", "description": "Fun with the letters of the alphabet", "hits": 2228 }, { "id": 4440, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4440/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-03-28T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2016", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from September 7th, 2015 through March 24th, 2016 with datesThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_sea_ice_2016.1499_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.4 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.0 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_p30_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [58.3 MB] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_2160p30x2.mp4 (3840x2160) [99.4 MB] || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 30710, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30710/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-03-15T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Our Solar System", "description": "The 8 planets plus Pluto with planetary axis tilt || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [75.1 KB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_1080p.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [49.6 KB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_1080p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_720p.00001_web.png (320x180) [50.6 KB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_720p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [9.2 MB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [4.7 MB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.7 MB] || planets3x3_pluto_colorMercury_axis_tilt_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [28.7 MB] || 3x3_pluto_tilt (4104x2304) [0 Item(s)] || 100-science-overview-001.hwshow || ", "hits": 959 }, { "id": 4407, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4407/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-12-15T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Monthly burned area from the Global Fire Emissions Database (GFED)", "description": "The final animation of the monthly burned area percent shown in the Robinson projection with a colorbar and date overlay || comp_burned_area_pct.2234_print.jpg (1024x576) [128.4 KB] || comp_burned_area_pct.2234_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.4 KB] || comp_burned_area_pct.2234_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || comp_burned_area_pct.2234_web.png (320x180) [78.4 KB] || comp_burned_area_pct_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [44.1 MB] || comp_burned_area_pct_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [8.4 MB] || robinson_final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Comp_burned_area_pct_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [26.2 MB] || robinson_final (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || comp_burned_area_4407.key [29.7 MB] || comp_burned_area_4407.pptx [27.1 MB] || comp_burned_area_pct_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [142.3 MB] || comp_burned_area_pct_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [228 bytes] || ", "hits": 158 }, { "id": 4368, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4368/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2015", "description": "Above is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on October 6, 2015, the day on which it reached its annual maximum extent. The date is also displayed. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_print.jpg (1024x576) [78.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.9 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_1080p_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (1920x1080) [2.0 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Print_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (5760x3240) [15.1 MB] || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 4355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4355/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-09-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 2015 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent", "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from February 25, 2015 to September 11, 2015, when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.2 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.8 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.6 MB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [2.6 MB] || ", "hits": 7 }, { "id": 30614, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30614/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-07-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Blue Marble 2002", "description": "Blue Marble 2002 || blue_marble_modis_north_america_print.jpg (1024x574) [120.8 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_searchweb.png (180x320) [51.1 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_thm.png (80x40) [7.5 KB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america.tif (4104x2304) [7.2 MB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_30614.key [8.8 MB] || blue_marble_modis_north_america_30614.pptx [6.2 MB] || ", "hits": 320 }, { "id": 4306, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4306/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-06-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "FROZEN: The Full Story", "description": "On March 27, 2009, NASA released FROZEN, a twelve-minute show about the Earth's frozen regions designed for Science On a Sphere. Science On a Sphere was created by NOAA and displays movies on a spherical screen, which is ideal for a show about the Earth or the planets. The audience can view the show from any side of the sphere and can see any part of the Earth. Making a movie for this system is challenging, and FROZEN was an exciting project to create. Until now, only the \"trailer\" for FROZEN has been available for viewing from our site. Here, for the first time, is an on-line version of the complete show, presented in several different formats that show different aspects of the movie. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 30603, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30603/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-06-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "CERES Cloud Radiative Effect", "description": "CERES Net Cloud Radiative Effect || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_print.jpg (1024x574) [102.2 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015.png (4104x2304) [2.1 MB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.4 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_30603.pptx [3.0 MB] || ceres_net_cre_average_2000-2015_30603.key [5.6 MB] || ", "hits": 235 }, { "id": 4281, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4281/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-03-19T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2015", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from October 1, 2014 to February 25, 2015 when the ice reached its maximum annual extent. The 2015 maximum is then compared to the average 1979-2014 maximum shown in yellow. A distance indicator shows the difference between the two in the Sea of Okhotsk north of Japan. || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_searchweb.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_web.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.mp4 (1280x720) [9.9 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30496, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30496/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-03-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Observing Fleet", "description": "Like orbiting sentinels, NASA’s Earth-observing satellites vigilantly monitor our planet’s ever-changing pulse from their unique vantage points in orbit. This animation shows the orbits of all of the current satellite missions. The flight paths are based on actual orbital elements. These missions—many joint with other nations and/or agencies—are able to collect global measurements of rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the environment. Together, these measurements help scientists better diagnose the “health” of the Earth system.This animation will be regularly updated to show the orbits of the current earth observing fleet. This most recent version, published in March 2017, includes the CYGNSS constellation and DSCOVR at L1. Visit the original page here.Previous versions from recent years include:entry 4274 a February 2015 version including SMAPentry 3996 a spring 2014 version including GPM entry 4070 a May 2013 version which added Landsat-8entry 3892 a Dec 2011 version which added Suomi NPP and Aquariusentry 3725 a version from June 2010 || ", "hits": 95 }, { "id": 4256, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4256/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-03-16T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Winter of 2013 – 2014: A Cold, Snowy and Icy Winter in North America", "description": "This animation shows the snow cover over North America during the 2013-2014 winter as well as the ice concentration over the Great Lakes. The date and a graph showing the percent of ice cover over the Great Lakes and Lake Superior is shown on this version. || GreatLakes_ice_2014-15_30p.02845_print.jpg (1024x576) [134.0 KB] || GreatLakes_ice_2014-15_30p.02845_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.3 KB] || GreatLakes_ice_2014-15_30p.02845_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || GreatLakes_Ice_2013-2014_720.mp4 (1280x720) [42.1 MB] || GreatLakes_Ice_2013-2014_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [74.5 MB] || GreatLakes_ice_withOlay (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || GreatLakes_ice_withOlay (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || GreatLakes_Ice_2013-2014_720.webm (1280x720) [27.5 MB] || GreatLakes_Ice_2013-2014_4256.key [45.7 MB] || GreatLakes_Ice_2013-2014_4256.pptx [43.1 MB] || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 4274, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4274/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-02-26T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet (February 2015)", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here. || Orbital Fleet including SMAP without TRMM || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM.2150_print.jpg (1024x576) [146.7 KB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_1920x1080_60fps.webm (1920x1080) [10.0 MB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_1920x1080_60fps.mp4 (1920x1080) [56.4 MB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_640x360_30fps.m4v (640x360) [15.1 MB] || without_TRMM (9600x3240) [0 Item(s)] || without_TRMM-ppm [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 68 }, { "id": 4219, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4219/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-10-07T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "In this animation we see the Antarctic sea ice expansion from March, 21, 2014 through September 19, 2014, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. Over the water, the opacity of the sea ice is determined by a running 3-day maximum of the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || ", "hits": 54 }, { "id": 4215, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4215/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "North Polar Sea Ice Minimum, 2014", "description": "Sea ice acts as an air conditioner for the planet, reflecting energy from the Sun. On September 17, the Arctic Sea ice reached its minimum extent for 2014 — at 1.94 million square miles (5.02 million square kilometers), it’s the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record. With warmer temperatures and thinner, less resilient ice, the Arctic sea ice is on a downward trend. The red line in the still image indicates the average ice extent over the 30 year period between 1981 and 2011. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 4208, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4208/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet (August 2014)", "description": "This animation shows the orbits of NASA's fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories as of August 2014.The satellites include components of the A-Train:AquaAuraCloudSatCALIPSORecently launched missions:GPMOCO-2the International Space Stationand eleven others:AquariusSuomi NPPTerraSORCEGRACE Jason 2Landsat 7Landsat 8QuikSCATTRMMEO-1These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of entry 3725. This update was created both for an annual presentation at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) and for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 9600 x 3240. The version for NASM starts with three flagship missions (Terra, Aqua, and Aura) then fades on the other spacecraft. The hyperwall version shows all of the spacecraft the entire time. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs on August 1, 2014. The NASM version is from 00:00:00 GMT to 12:10:26 GMT. The hyperwall version is from 00:00:00 GMT to 07:18:16 GMT. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 11631, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11631/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-08-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "REEL Science Communication workshop videos", "description": "In July, 2014, the three winning groups of the REEL Science Communication contest participated in a remote video production workshop with NASA communication experts and scientists to create feature videos about NASA Earth science missions. The high school students worked with scientists from the Terra, Aqua, and ICESat-2 missions. These are their resulting videos. For more information about the REEl Science Communication contest and to see the videos that won these students the opportunity to participate in the workshop, visit reelscience.gsfc.nasa.gov. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 4191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4191/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-08-15T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 Daily Arctic Sea Ice - 2014", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 21, 2014 through the 3rd of August, 2014. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 11378, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11378/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-07-14T06:00:00-04:00", "title": "Goddard In The Galaxy", "description": "This video highlights the many ways NASA Goddard Space Flight Center explores the universe. So crank up your speakers and let the music be your guide! || ", "hits": 130 }, { "id": 4162, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4162/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-04-23T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Drought may take a toll on Congo Rainforest, NASA Satellites Show", "description": "A new analysis of NASA satellite data shows that Africa's Congo rainforest, the second-largest tropical rainforest in the world, has undergone a large-scale decline in greenness over the past decade.The study, lead by Liming Zhou of University at Albany, State University of New York, shows that between 2000 and 2012, the decline affected an increasing amount of forest area and intensified. The research, published April 23 in Nature, is one of the most comprehensive observational studies to explore the effects of long-term drought on Congolese rainforests using several independent satellite sensors.Scientists use the satellite-derived \"greenness\" of forest regions as one indicator of a forest's health. While this study looks specifically at the impact of a persistent drought in the Congo region since 2000, researchers say that a continued drying trend might alter the composition and structure of the Congo rainforest, affecting its biodiversity and carbon storage.\"It's important to understand these changes because most climate models predict that tropical forests may be under stress due to increasing severe water shortages in a warmer and drier 21st century climate,\" Zhou said.Previous research used satellite-based measurements of vegetation greenness to investigate changes in the Amazon rainforest, notably the effects of severe short-term droughts in 2005 and 2010. Until now, little attention has been paid to African rainforests, where ground measurements are even sparser than in the Amazon and where droughts are less severe but last longer.To clarify the impact of long-term drought on the Congo rainforest, Zhou and colleagues set out to see if they could detect a trend in a satellite measure of vegetation greenness called the Enhanced Vegetation Index. This measure is developed from data produced by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on NASA's Terra satellite. The scientists focused their analysis on intact, forested regions in the Congo basin during the months of April, May and June each year - the first of the area's two peak rainy and growing seasons each year.The study found a gradually decreasing trend in Congo rainforest greenness, sometimes referred to as \"browning,\" suggesting a slow adjustment to the long-term drying trend. This is in contrast to the more immediate response seen in the Amazon, such as large-scale tree mortality, brought about by more episodic drought events.The browning of the forest canopy is consistent with observed decreases in the amount of water available to plants, whether that's in the form of rainfall, water stored in the ground, water in near-surface soils, or water within the vegetation. || ", "hits": 73 }, { "id": 4138, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4138/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-03-11T08:00:00-04:00", "title": "Cover Candidate for PNAS:

Albedo Decrease Linked to Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "These still images were generated to be cover candidates for the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The images display data from the paper \"Observational determination of albedo decrease caused by vanishing Arctic sea ice\". Average September Arctic sea ice from 1979 is shown on the top globe of each image. Average September Arctic sea ice from 2012 with change in albedo overlaid is shown in the bottom globe of each image. Two images are provided which use different color tables.This is the first study to document Arctic-wide decrease in planetary albedo using satellite radiation budget measurements and sea ice data. The study finds a very strong correlation between sea ice cover and planetary albedo.Here are links to the related NASA press release and the article. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 4148, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4148/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-02-25T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Polar Jet Stream Over Asia, 2010", "description": "Meandering around the planet like a rollicking roller coaster in the sky, the Northern Hemisphere's polar jet stream is a fast-moving belt of westerly winds that traverses the lower layers of the atmosphere. The jet is created by the convergence of cold air masses descending from the Arctic and rising warm air from the tropics. Deep troughs and steep ridges emerge as the denser cold air sinks and deflects warm air regions north, giving the jet stream its wavy appearance. This pattern propagates across the mid-latitudes of North America, Europe and Asia, as pockets of cold air sporadically creep down from the Arctic—creating contrasting waves and flows that accelerate eastward due to Earth's rotation. This visualization was adapted from The Polar Jet Stream (#3864) by special request, using weather and climate observations from NASA's MERRA data model from 2010 for the period of the floods in Russia and the droughts in Pakistan. || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 3996, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3996/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including GPM", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of January 2014) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and eleven others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, GPM, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #4070. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. Some simulated orbits where added, such as GPM, as they had not launched at the time these visualizations were created.Two versions of this visualization are provided. The first colors the orbits blue except that TRMM is colored green and GPM is colored red. The second visualization colors all of the orbits blue. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 4130, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4130/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-21T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) Orbital Fleet Communicating with User Spacecraft", "description": "The Tracking Data Relay Satellite (TDRS) fleet has provided spacecraft communications and tracking since the 1980's. Designed to replace most ground stations and provide longer periods of coverage, TDRS spacecraft have become an indispensable component of both manned and unmanned Earth orbiting space missions.This visualization begins by showing how a typical spacecract (NIMBUS-7) communicated with the ground before TDRS. The spacecraft occassionally communicated with ground stations as its orbit briefly took it within range. This required ground stations to be spread all over the world and only allowed for sporatic communications between spacecraft and the ground.As the animation continues, the TDRS fleet of spacecraft are introduced and a typical modern-day spacecraft, the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM), is also introduced. As TRMM orbits the Earth, various TDRS spacrecraft are able to track and communicate with TRMM. This contact could be continuous, but for most spacecraft, continuous coverage is unnecessary. Constant communications between TDRS spacecraft and ground stations at White Sands and Guam are shown.The visualization then adds many of the other TDRS users and shows how they communicate.An additional (\"extra\") visualizaiton of the TDRS fleet communicating with user spacecraft is provided from a slightly different angle. These animations were created for a video supporting the launch of TDRS-12 (also called TDRS-L). || ", "hits": 94 }, { "id": 4129, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4129/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-12-20T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "Earthrise: The 45th Anniversary", "description": "In December of 1968, the crew of Apollo 8 became the first people to leave our home planet and travel to another body in space. But as crew members Frank Borman, James Lovell, and William Anders all later recalled, the most important thing they discovered was Earth.Using photo mosaics and elevation data from Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter (LRO), this video commemorates the 45th anniversary of Apollo 8's historic flight by recreating the moment when the crew first saw and photographed the Earth rising from behind the Moon. Narrator Andrew Chaikin, author of A Man on the Moon, sets the scene for a three-minute visualization of the view from both inside and outside the spacecraft accompanied by the onboard audio of the astronauts.The visualization draws on numerous historical sources, including the actual cloud pattern on Earth from the ESSA-7 satellite and dozens of photographs taken by Apollo 8, and it reveals new, historically significant information about the Earthrise photographs. It has not been widely known, for example, that the spacecraft was rolling when the photos were taken, and that it was this roll that brought the Earth into view. The visualization establishes the precise timing of the roll and, for the first time ever, identifies which window each photograph was taken from.The key to the new work is a set of vertical stereo photographs taken by a camera mounted in the Command Module's rendezvous window and pointing straight down onto the lunar surface. It automatically photographed the surface every 20 seconds. By registering each photograph to a model of the terrain based on LRO data, the orientation of the spacecraft can be precisely determined.Andrew Chaikin's article Who Took the Legendary Earthrise Photo From Apollo 8? appeared in the January, 2018 issue of Smithsonian magazine. It includes the story of the making of this visualization.A Google Hangout discussion of this visualization between Ernie Wright (creator of the visualization), Andrew Chaikin, John Keller (LRO project scientist), and Aries Keck (NASA media specialist) was held on December 20, 2013. A replay of that hangout is available here.Ernie Wright presented a talk about the making of this animation at the 2014 SIGGRAPH Conference in Vancouver. He also wrote a NASA Wavelength blog entry about Earthrise that includes links to educator resources related to LRO. || ", "hits": 581 }, { "id": 30367, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30367/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Solar Insolation", "description": "These maps show Earth's average monthly solar insolation, or the rate of incoming sunlight reaching the surface, from July 2006 to the present as derived from Clouds and Earth’s Radiant Energy System (CERES) measurements of radiant energy escaping the top of Earth's atmosphere. The CERES instrument flies onboard NASA’s Terra and Aqua satellites and makes these measurements every day on a global scale. The colors represent the kilowatt-hours of sunlight falling on every square meter of the surface per day, averaged over one month. Energy from the sun warms the surface, creating updrafts of air that carry warmth and moisture up into the atmosphere. Thus, knowing the rate of sunlight reaching the surface helps scientists understand weather and climate patterns. Exposure to sunlight is also a key limit to plant growth, particularly in tropical rainforests. Thus, insolation maps are also useful to scientists studying plant growth patterns in different parts of the world. || ", "hits": 228 }, { "id": 30369, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30369/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Net Radiation", "description": "The difference between how much solar energy enters the Earth system and how much heat energy escapes into space is called net radiation. Some places absorb more energy than they give off back to space, so they have an energy surplus. Other places lose more energy to space than they absorb, so they have an energy deficit. These maps show monthly net radiation from July 2006 to the present, from the Fast Longwave And Shortwave Radiative Fluxes, or FLASHFlux, Time Interpolation and Spatial Averaging (TISA) data product. The product contains daily observations collected by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites. The colors show the net radiation (in Watts per square meter) that was contained in the Earth system. The maps illustrate the fundamental imbalance between net radiation surpluses at the equator (red areas), where sunlight is direct year-round, and net radiation deficits at high latitudes (blue areas), where direct sunlight is seasonal. || ", "hits": 182 }, { "id": 30370, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30370/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Reflected Shortwave Radiation", "description": "If you look at Mars in the night sky, the planet is little more than a glowing dot. From Mars, Earth would have the same star-like appearance. What gives the planets this light? Do they shine like a star? No. The light is mostly reflected sunlight. These images show how much sunlight Earth reflects. Bright parts of Earth like snow, ice, and clouds, reflect the most light; dark surfaces, like the oceans, reflect less light. Earth's average temperature is determined by the balance between how much sunlight Earth reflects, how much it absorbs, and how much heat it gives off. These maps show monthly reflected-shortwave radiation from July 2006 to the present, from the Fast Longwave And Shortwave Radiative Fluxes, or FLASHFlux, Time Interpolation and Spatial Averaging (TISA) data product. The product contains daily observations collected by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites. The colors in the map show the amount of shortwave energy (in Watts per square meter) that was reflected by the Earth system. The brighter, whiter regions show where more sunlight is reflected, while green regions show intermediate values, and blue regions are lower values. || ", "hits": 139 }, { "id": 30371, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30371/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Albedo", "description": "When sunlight reaches the Earth’s surface, some of it is absorbed and some is reflected. The relative amount, or ratio, of light that a surface reflects compared to the total incoming sunlight is called albedo. Surfaces with high albedos include sand, snow and ice, and some urban surfaces, such as concrete. Surfaces with low albedos include forests, the ocean, and some urban surfaces, such as asphalt. These maps show monthly albedo from February 2000 to the present, on a scale from 0 (no incoming sunlight being reflected) to 0.9 (nearly all incoming light being reflected). Darker blue colors indicate that the surface is not reflecting much light, while paler blues indicate higher proportions of incoming light are being reflected. Black areas indicate “no data,” either over ocean or because persistent cloudiness prevented enough views of the surface. The observations are based on atmospherically corrected, cloud-cleared reflectance observations from the MODIS sensors on NASA’s Aqua and Terra satellites. || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 30372, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30372/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Snow Cover", "description": "Snow and ice cover most of the Earth's polar regions throughout the year, but the coverage at lower latitudes changes with the seasons. Northern Hemisphere snow cover changes dramatically throughout the year, but the only significant snow cover in the Southern Hemisphere is in Antarctica, which has very few snow-free areas at any time of the year. These maps show monthly snow cover data from February 2000 to the present, derived using observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite. The colors show the percent of land area that is covered with snow. The white areas show lands that were completely snow-covered, while the light blue shades show regions in which there was only partial snow cover. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 30373, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30373/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Daytime Land-Surface Temperature", "description": "Scientists monitor land-surface temperature because the warmth rising off Earth's landscapes influences our world's weather and climate patterns. Likewise, land surface temperature is also influenced by changes in weather and climate patterns. These maps show monthly daytime land-surface temperatures from February 2000 to the present using thermal infrared measurements made by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument aboard NASA's Terra satellite. The measurements shown here represent the temperature of the \"skin\" (or top 1 millimeter) of the land surface during the daytime—including bare land, snow or ice cover, and cropland or forest canopy—and should not be confused with surface air temperature measurements that are given in a typical weather reports. Yellow shows the warmest temperatures (up to 45 degrees Celsius) and light blue shows the coldest temperatures (down to -25 degrees Celsius). Black means no data. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 30374, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30374/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Nighttime Land Surface Temperature", "description": "Scientists monitor land-surface temperature because the warmth rising off Earth's landscapes influences our world's weather and climate patterns. Likewise, land surface temperature is also influenced by changes in weather and climate patterns. These maps show monthly nighttime land-surface temperatures from February 2000 to the present using thermal infrared measurements made by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA's Terra satellite. The measurements shown here represent the temperature of the \"skin\" (or top 1 millimeter) of the land surface during the nighttime—including bare land, snow or ice cover, and cropland or forest canopy—and should not be confused with surface air temperature measurements that are given in a typical weather reports. Yellow shows the warmest temperatures (up to 45 degrees Celsius) and light blue shows the coldest temperatures (down to -25 degrees Celsius). Black means no data. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 30375, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30375/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "16-Day Vegetation Index", "description": "One of the primary interests of NASA's Earth Sciences Program is to study the role of terrestrial vegetation in large-scale processes with the goal of understanding how our world functions as a system. These maps show 16-day Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values—a measure of the \"greenness\" of Earth's landscapes—from February 18, 2000 to the present. The values, derived using data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite, range from -0.1 to 0.9 and have no unit. Rather, they are index values in which higher values (0.4 to 0.9) show lands covered by green, leafy vegetation and lower values (0 to 0.4) show lands where there is little or no vegetation. Dark green areas show where there was a lot of green leaf growth; light greens show where there was some green leaf growth; and tan areas show little or no growth. Black means no data. || ", "hits": 89 }, { "id": 30376, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30376/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Vegetation Index", "description": "One of the primary interests of NASA's Earth Sciences Program is to study the role of terrestrial vegetation in large-scale processes with the goal of understanding how our world functions as a system. These maps show monthly Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) values—a measure of the \"greenness\" of Earth's landscapes—from February 2000 to the present. The values, derived using data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite, range from -0.1 to 0.9 and have no unit. Rather, they are index values in which higher values (0.4 to 0.9) show lands covered by green, leafy vegetation and lower values (0 to 0.4) show lands where there is little or no vegetation. Dark green areas show where there was a lot of green leaf growth; light greens show where there was some green leaf growth; and tan areas show little or no growth. Black means no data. || ", "hits": 58 }, { "id": 30377, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30377/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "16-Day Vegetation Anomaly", "description": "The map is based on the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), a measure of how plant leaves absorb visible light and reflect infrared light. Drought-stressed vegetation reflects more visible light and less infrared than healthy vegetation. The vegetation index helps us see how much or how little live plant material is out there. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 30378, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30378/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Active Fires", "description": "Using fire data collected globally every day by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA's Terra satellite, scientists produce maps like these to show the number and extent of fire around the world each month. The red, orange, and yellow pixels on these monthly maps from March 2000 to the present show the locations where the MODIS instrument detected actively burning fires. The colors represent a count of the number of fires each month observed within a 1000-square-kilometer (~385-square-mile) area. White pixels show the high end of the count—as many as 100 fires in a 1000-square-kilometer area per day. Yellow pixels show as many as 10 fires, orange shows as many as 5 fires, and red areas as few as 1 fire in a 1000-square-kilometer area per day. Active fire maps such as these are helping scientists to better understand Earth's environment and climate system. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 30379, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30379/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Leaf Area Index", "description": "Have you ever wondered how many leaves there are in a forest? Today, scientists use NASA satellites to map leaf area index—images processed to show how much of an area is covered by leaves. For example, a leaf area index of 1 means the area is entirely covered by one layer of leaves. These maps show monthly leaf area index from February 2000 to the present, produced using data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA's Terra satellite. The colors in this palette range from tan, showing little or no leaf cover, to light green, indicating the area is entirely covered by one layer of leaves, to dark green showing thick forest canopies, where seven or more layers of leaves cover an area. Black means no data. Knowing the total area covered by leaves helps scientists monitor how much water, carbon, and energy the trees and plants are exchanging with the air above and the ground below. || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 30380, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30380/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Net Primary Productivity", "description": "Plants play an important role in the movements of carbon dioxide throughout Earth's environment. Living plants both take in carbon dioxide from the air and put out carbon dioxide to the air. Called net primary productivity, these maps show where and how much carbon dioxide is taken in by vegetation during photosynthesis minus how much carbon dioxide is released when plants respire on a monthly basis, from February 2000 to the present. Created using data from the Moderate Resolutions Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite, the colors on these maps indicate how fast carbon was taken in for every square meter of land. Values range from -1.0 grams of carbon per square meter per day (tan) to 6.5 grams per square meter per day (dark green). A negative value means decomposition or respiration overpowered carbon absorption; more carbon was released to the atmosphere than the plants took in. Maps such as these allow scientists to routinely monitor plants' role in the global carbon cycle. || ", "hits": 444 }, { "id": 30381, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30381/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Aerosol Optical Thickness (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Tiny solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere are called aerosols. These particles are important to scientists because they represent an area of great uncertainty in their efforts to understand Earth's climate system. These maps show monthly aerosol optical thickness, derived using measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor onboard NASA’s Terra satellite, from January 2005 to the present. Aerosol optical thickness is a measure of how much light the airborne particles prevent from traveling through the atmosphere. Aerosols absorb and scatter incoming sunlight, thus reducing visibility and increasing optical thickness. Dark orange pixels show high aerosol concentrations, while light orange pixels show lower concentrations, and light yellow areas show little or no aerosols. Black shows where the sensor could not make its measurement. An optical thickness of less than 0.1 (light yellow) indicates a crystal clear sky with maximum visibility, whereas a value of 1 (dark orange) indicates the presence of aerosols so dense that people would have difficulty seeing the sun. || ", "hits": 59 }, { "id": 30382, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30382/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Aerosol Particle Radius (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Tiny solid and liquid particles suspended in the atmosphere are called aerosols. These particles are important to scientists because they can affect climate, weather, and people's health. Using satellites scientists can tell whether a given plume of aerosols came from a natural source or were produced by human activities. Two important clues about aerosols' sources are particle size and location of the plume. Natural aerosols (such as dust and sea salts) tend to be larger than man-made aerosols (such as smoke and industrial pollution). These maps show monthly aerosol particle radius from January 2005 to the present, derived using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) sensor onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Red areas show aerosol plumes made up of smaller particles. These red-colored plumes are over regions where we know humans produce pollution. Green areas show aerosol plumes made up of larger particles. These green-colored plumes are over regions where we know aerosols occur naturally. Yellow areas show plumes in which large and small aerosol particles are intermingling. Black shows where the satellite could not measure aerosols. Maps such as these allow scientists to estimate the location and size of aerosol particles present in the atmosphere. || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 30383, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30383/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Cirrus Reflectance (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Cirrus clouds are thin, wispy clouds high in the sky that can be hard to see with the unaided eye. They typically form at an altitude of 6000 meters (20,000 feet) or higher, where the air temperature is below freezing. Cirrus clouds are composed mostly of tiny ice crystals. They are scientifically interesting because they allow most incoming sunlight to pass through them, but they help to contain heat emitted from the surface. Thus, cirrus clouds exert a warming influence on Earth's surface. These maps show monthly average cirrus cloud fraction over the Earth from January 2005 to the present, produced using data collected by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA's Terra satellite. The MODIS sensor has a unique band for measuring infrared light at a wavelength of 1.38 micrometers—a wavelength that NASA scientists recently found is highly sensitive to cirrus. Bright white pixels indicate regions completely covered by cirrus clouds. Greyish-white pixels show partial cirrus cover and dark pixels indicate little or no cirrus. || ", "hits": 163 }, { "id": 30384, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30384/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Cloud Fraction (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Cloud fraction is the measurement scientists use to determine how much of the Earth is covered by clouds. The measurement is important because clouds play a large role in regulating the amount of energy that reaches the Earth from the sun as well as the amount of energy that the Earth reflects and emits back into space. These maps show monthly cloud fraction from January 2005 to the present, produced using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Like a digital camera, MODIS collects information in gridded boxes or pixels. Each box covers one square kilometer. Cloud fraction is the portion of each pixel that is covered by clouds. Scientists make this measurement by counting the number of pixels in a 25-square-kilometer box (5 pixels tall by 5 pixels wide) that are cloudy and dividing that number by 25. Scientists use these measurements to better understand how much of the Earth is covered by clouds and how changes in Earth’s climate may alter the amount and types of clouds that form. || ", "hits": 64 }, { "id": 30385, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30385/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Cloud Optical Thickness (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "To better understand the role of clouds in the Earth's climate system, scientists need two important measurements: cloud optical thickness and cloud particle size. A cloud's optical thickness is a measure of attenuation of the light passing through the atmosphere due to the scattering and absorption by cloud droplets. Clouds do not absorb visible wavelengths of sunlight; rather, clouds scatter and reflect most visible light. The higher a cloud's optical thickness, the more sunlight the cloud is scattering and reflecting. These maps show monthly cloud optical thickness from January 2005 to the present, produced using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Dark blue shades indicate areas where there are low cloud-optical-thickness values, while white shades indicate high values (i.e., greater attenuation caused by the scattering and absorption from cloud droplets). || ", "hits": 246 }, { "id": 30386, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30386/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Cloud Particle Radius (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "To better understand the role of clouds in the Earth's climate system, scientists need two important measurements: cloud optical thickness and cloud particle size. The size of cloud particles is important. In general, smaller particles produce brighter, more reflective clouds, which bounce more sunlight back into space and cool the planet. By carefully quantifying how much shortwave infrared sunlight clouds absorb, scientists can determine the size of the individual particles within clouds. Clouds with larger particles absorb more shortwave infrared light and, conversely, clouds with smaller particles absorb less shortwave infrared light. These maps show monthly cloud particle radius from January 2005 to the present, produced using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. White shades show where there are smaller cloud particles (between 4 and 11 micrometers in radius), while purple shades show where there are larger cloud particles (between 33 and 40 micrometers). || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 30387, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30387/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Cloud Water Content (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Have you ever wondered how much water is in clouds? These maps show monthly cloud water content from January 2005 to the present, produced using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Cloud water content is a measure of how many grams of water per square meter you would get if you drained all the water out of the clouds into a flat layer on the ground. Light pink to white shades show areas of clouds with as much as 1000 grams of water per square meter; pink shades show areas with about 500 grams of water per square meter, and dark purple shows areas with little or no cloud water content. In short, the more water in a cloud, the more it reflects sunlight back to space and the more it cools Earth's surface. Cloud water content as well as cloud particle size are also important for global studies of precipitation. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 30388, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30388/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Water Vapor (Terra/MODIS)", "description": "Water vapor is the most abundant greenhouse gas in the atmosphere as it traps heat near the surface of the Earth making our planet warm enough to support life. Scientists monitor water vapor in the atmosphere because it influences Earth's weather patterns, and because it is a very important component of Earth's climate system. These maps show a monthly water vapor product from January 2005 to the present, derived using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. The water vapor product reveals the total amount of water vapor in a 1-kilometer by 1-kilometer column of the atmosphere. Dark blue shades indicate areas with high water vapor content, while light yellow shades indicate areas with little or no water vapor content. || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30389, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30389/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daytime Land Temperature Anomaly", "description": "Land-surface temperature is how hot the surface of the Earth would feel to touch. From a satellite’s perspective, the “surface” is whatever it sees when it looks through the atmosphere to the ground. It could be snow and ice, the grass, a rooftop, or the treetops in a forest. An anomaly is when something is different from normal, or average. These maps show monthly daytime land-surface-temperature anomalies from March 2000 to the present, compared to the average monthly temperatures from 2001-2010 as derived using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Places that are warmer than average are red, places that are near-normal are white, and places that are cooler than average are blue. Black means there is no data. Some land-surface-temperature anomalies are simply transient weather phenomena, not part of a specific pattern or trend. Others anomalies are more meaningful. Widespread cold anomalies may be an indication of a harsh winter with lots of snow on the ground. Isolated warm (daytime) anomalies that appear in forests or other natural ecosystems may indicate deforestation or insect damage. Many urban areas also show up as hot spots in these maps because developed areas are often warmer in the daytime than surrounding natural ecosystem or farmland. || ", "hits": 63 }, { "id": 30390, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30390/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Nighttime Land Temperature Anomaly", "description": "Land-surface temperature is how hot the surface of the Earth would feel to touch. From a satellite’s perspective, the “surface” is whatever it sees when it looks through the atmosphere to the ground. It could be snow and ice, the grass, a rooftop, or the treetops in a forest. An anomaly is when something is different from normal, or average. These maps show monthly nighttime land-surface-temperature anomalies from March 2000 to the present, compared to the average monthly temperatures from 2001-2010 as derived using data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument onboard NASA’s Terra satellite. Places that are warmer than average are red, places that are near-normal are white, and places that are cooler than average are blue. Black means there is no data. Some land-surface-temperature anomalies are simply transient weather phenomena, not part of a specific pattern or trend. Others anomalies are more meaningful. Widespread cold anomalies may be an indication of a harsh winter with lots of snow on the ground. Many urban areas show up as hot spots in these maps because developed areas are often warmer at night than surrounding natural ecosystem or farmland. || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 30391, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30391/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Carbon Monoxide (Terra/MOPITT)", "description": "Colorless, odorless, and poisonous, carbon monoxide is a major air pollutant regulated in the United States and in many other nations around the world. When carbon-based fuels, such as coal, wood, and oil burn, they produce carbon monoxide. These maps show monthly averages of carbon monoxide at an altitude of about 12,000 feet from March 2000 to the present, as derived using data from the Measurements Of Pollution In The Troposphere (MOPITT) sensor on NASA's Terra satellite. Concentrations of carbon monoxide are expressed in parts per billion by volume (ppbv). A concentration of 1 ppbv means that for every billion molecules of gas in the measured volume, one of them is a carbon monoxide molecule. In these maps, yellow areas have little or no carbon monoxide, while progressively higher concentrations are shown in orange, red, and dark red. In different parts of the world and in different seasons, the amounts and sources of atmospheric carbon monoxide change. In Africa, for example, the seasonal shifts in carbon monoxide are tied to the widespread agricultural burning that shifts north and south of the equator with the seasons. In the United States, Europe, and eastern Asia, on the other hand, the highest carbon monoxide concentrations occur around urban areas as a result of vehicle and industrial emissions. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 30368, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30368/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Outgoing Longwave Radiation", "description": "Light energy travels in waves, but not all the waves are the same. The kind of light our eyes can see is only a tiny part of the energy that exists in the universe. Other kinds of energy are invisible, like the energy that makes our hands feel warm when we hold them over a fire, or the energy that cooks our food in the microwave. When Earth absorbs sunlight, it heats up. The heat, or \"outgoing longwave radiation,\" radiates back into space. Satellites measure this radiation as it leaves the top of Earth's atmosphere. The hotter a place is, the more energy it radiates. These maps show monthly outgoing longwave radiation from July 2006 to the present, from the Fast Longwave And Shortwave Radiative Fluxes, or FLASHFlux, Time Interpolation and Spatial Averaging (TISA) data product. The product contains daily observations collected by the Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System (CERES) sensors on NASA's Aqua and Terra satellites. The colors show the amount of outgoing longwave radiation leaving Earth's atmosphere (in Watts per square meter). Bright yellow and orange indicate greater heat emission, purple and blue indicate intermediate emissions, and white shows little or no heat emission. || ", "hits": 202 }, { "id": 30291, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30291/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Bright Waters off Namibia's Coast", "description": "Ocean waters glowed peacock green off the northern Namibian coast on November 21, 2010. These bright swirls of green occur along a continental shelf bustling with biological activity. Phytoplankton blooms often occur along coastlines where nutrient-rich waters well up from ocean depths. The light color of this ocean water suggests the calcite plating of coccolithophores.Farther south along the coast of Namibia, hydrogen sulfide eruptions occur fairly frequently. According to a study published in 2009, ocean currents deliver oxygen-poor water from the north, while the bacteria that break down phytoplankton also consume oxygen, depleting the supply even more. In this oxygen-poor environment, anaerobic bacteria produce hydrogen sulfide gas. When the hydrogen sulfide reaches oxygen-rich surface waters, sulfur precipitates into the water. The sulfur’s yellow mixes with the deep blue ocean to make bright green. So this swirl of bright green could contain phytoplankton, sulfur, or a combination of the two. || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 30294, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30294/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Plankton Bloom South of Africa", "description": "This natural-color image of a deep-ocean eddy was acquired on December 26, 2011. The light blue swirls, caused by plankton, reveal the vortex structure of the eddy. The image is rotated 90 degrees (north is to the left) to show the 150-kilometer wide bloom and eddy in context, about 800 kilometers south of South Africa. This anti-cyclonic (counter-clockwise) eddy likely peeled off from the Agulhas Current, which flows along the southeastern coast of Africa and around the tip of South Africa. Agulhas eddies, or “current rings,” tend to be among the largest in the world, transporting warm, salty water from the Indian Ocean to the South Atlantic. Certain types of eddies can promote blooms of phytoplankton. As these water masses stir the ocean, they draw nutrients up from the deep, fertilizing the surface waters to create blooms of microscopic, plant-like organisms in the open ocean, which is relatively barren compared to coastal waters. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 30307, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30307/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Iceland Volcano Eruption Eyjafjallajökull", "description": "Iceland’s Eyjafjallajökull Volcano produced its second major ash plume of 2010 beginning on May 7. When the first ash eruption began on April 14, air travel across most of Europe was shut down, but by the time of the second eruption, forecasters were better prepared to predict the spread of volcanic ash. Despite some airport closures and flight cancellations, most air passengers completed their journeys with minimal delay.Among the key pieces of information that a computer model must have to predict the spread of ash is when the eruption happened, how much ash was ejected, and how high the plume got. The Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) aboard NASA’s Terra satellite collected data on ash height when it passed just east of the Eyjafjallajökull Volcano mid-morning on May 7. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30158, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30158/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Drought Cycles in Australia", "description": "Drought is a frequent visitor in Australia. The Australian Bureau of Meteorology describes the typical rainfall over much of the continent as “not only low, but highly erratic.” These satellite-based vegetation images document what farmers and ranchers have had to contend with over the past decade. The images are centered on the agricultural areas near the Murray River—Australia’s largest river—between Hume Reservoir and Lake Tyrrell. The series shows vegetation growing conditions for a 16-day period in the middle of September each year from 2000 through 2010 compared to the average mid-September conditions over the decade. Places where the amount and/or health of vegetation was above the decadal average are green, average areas are off-white, and places where vegetation growth was below average are brown. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 30160, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30160/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Collapse of the Larsen B Ice Shelf", "description": "In the Southern Hemisphere summer of 2002, scientists monitoring daily satellite images of the Antarctic Peninsula watched almost the entire Larsen-B Ice Shelf splinter and collapse in just over one month. They had never witnessed such a large area—1250 square miles (~3237 square kilometers)—disintegrate so rapidly. The collapse of the Larsen-B Ice Shelf was captured in this series of images between January 31 and April 13, 2002. At the start of the series, the ice shelf (left) is tattooed with pools of meltwater (blue). By February 17, the leading edge of the C-shaped shelf had retreated about 6 miles (~10 kilometers). By March 7, the shelf had disintegrated into a blue-tinged mixture, or mélange, of slush and icebergs. The collapse appears to have been due to a series of warm summers on the Antarctic Peninsula, which culminated with an exceptionally warm summer in 2002. Warm ocean temperatures in the Weddell Sea that occurred during the same period might have caused thinning and melting on the underside of the ice shelf. || ", "hits": 104 }, { "id": 30165, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30165/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Shrinking Aral Sea", "description": "In the 1960s, the Soviet Union undertook a major water diversion project on the arid plains of Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan. The lake they made, the Aral Sea, was once the fourth largest lake in the world. Although irrigation made the desert bloom, it devastated the Aral Sea. At the start of the series in 2000, the lake was already a fraction of its 1960 extent (black line). The Northern Aral Sea (small) had separated from the Southern (large) Aral Sea. The Southern Aral Sea had split into an eastern and a western lobe that remained tenuously connected at both ends. By 2001, the southern connection had been severed, and the shallower eastern part retreated rapidly over the next several years. After Kazakhstan built a dam between the northern and southern parts of the Aral Sea, all of the water flowing into the desert basin from the Syr Darya stayed in the Northern Aral Sea. The differences in water color are due to changes in sediment.Images acquired from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satelliteReference: NASA’s Earth Observatory || ", "hits": 393 }, { "id": 30176, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30176/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Subsidence in California's Central Valley", "description": "This animation shows, in exaggerated terms, how the surface of the southern Central Valley of California deformed from the period 2007 to 2011. Interferometric data from the Japanese ALOS PALSAR imaging radar was used to measure the deformation, shown in color overlaid on an ASTER image. The large subsidence \"bowl\" that developed over this time period was caused by withdrawal of groundwater, causing subsurface layers to compact. Interferometric synthetic aperture radar, or InSAR, can be used to monitor subsidence in order to prevent groundwater overdraft and irreversible compaction of aquifers. ALOS PALSAR data is copyright JAXA/METI and was provided by the GEO Supersites and the U.S. Government Research Consortium datapool at the Alaska Satellite Facility. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 30190, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30190/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Saharan Dust over the Atlantic", "description": "Easterly winds carry Saharan dust from Africa high above the North Atlantic Ocean. At left, a natural color image captured by NASA’s Aqua satellite shows the dust as it travels offshore on September 21, 2009. The dust plume is shaped by the wind, forming waves near the surface immediately offshore. An even higher, thinner tan cloud veils the surface-level dust. Dust has infiltrated into different heights of the atmosphere. Differences in wind direction at various heights in the atmosphere create the “X” near the center of the dust plume.In certain atmospheric conditions, dust from the Sahara Desert is transported clear around the globe. In fact, many scientists use space-based multi-angle imaging to track the journey of dust. Having the capability to track dust from space, provides even greater opportunities for understanding atmospheric circulation patterns at a global scale. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 30191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30191/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Australian Dust over the Pacific Ocean", "description": "Strong westerly winds roaring across Australia’s desert interior were able to suspend dust particles for hundreds of miles before reaching the South Pacific Ocean. This image, taken by NASA’s Terra satellite on September 12, 2009, reveals the wedge of dust as it parts from the continent. Nearly weightless in nature, the wispy layer of dust is visible by its tan hue floating above the underlying stratus cloud deck. The dust is thought to have originated from the dry Lake Eyre basin, covering nearly one sixth of the continent. The lake fills during exceptionally wet rainy seasons (December-February) but remains dry during other months. As water evaporates from the lake, it leaves a fine layer of sediment that is easily lifted by wind. Sediment from dry lakebeds is a significant source of airborne dust worldwide. || ", "hits": 99 }, { "id": 30192, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30192/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Using MISR to View Dust", "description": "On October 18, 2002, a large dust plume extended across countries bordering the eastern Mediterranean Sea. Information on the horizontal and vertical extent of the dust are provided by these views from the Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR). The left-hand panel portrays the scene as viewed by the instrument's vertical-viewing (nadir) camera. Here only some of the dust over eastern Syria and southeastern Turkey can be discerned. The dust is much more obvious in the center panel, which is a view from MISR's most steeply forward-looking camera. The right-hand panel is an elevation field derived from automated MISR stereoscopic processing, in which the heights of clouds and certain parts of the dust plume are retrieved. Clouds within the image area are situated between about 2 and 5.5 kilometers above sea level, and the dust is located below most of the cloud, at heights of about 1.5 kilometers or less. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 30193, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30193/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Dust Storm in the Middle East", "description": "Dust from Syria and Iraq blows toward the northwest across Turkey and the easternmost Black Sea on July 30, 2011, when the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on NASA’s Terra satellite acquired this natural-color image. Dust forms a giant arc extending from northern Iraq across Turkey and the easternmost Black Sea. The northeastern tip of the dust plume appears to push into western Georgia. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3877, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3877/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Dynamic Earth Dome Show - Biosphere", "description": "This visualization was a prototype affiliated with the 'Dynamic Earth', an Earth science planetarium show. The visualization shows the global biosphere and NDVI from the SeaWiFS instrument with MODIS ice and snow overlayed.The images were rendered using a fish eye technique so that they would project properly onto a planetarium dome.Earth scientists are able to measure many of the Earth's 'vital signs', and just like a doctor measures our vital signs to see how healthy we are. Scientists will use these measurements of the Earth to better understand how the Earth functions, how the different systems on Earth interact and how those interactions have set the stage upon which life flourishes. The visualization shows a timeseries of images of SeaWiFS Global Biosphere - the ocean's long-term average phytoplankton chlorophyll concentration acquired between September 1997 and September 2007 combined with the SeaWiFS-derived Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over land. On land, the dark greens show where there is abundant vegetation and tans show relatively sparse plant cover. In the oceans, red, yellow, and green pixels show dense phytoplankton blooms, those regions of the ocean that are the most productive over time, while blues and purples show where there is very little of the microscopic marine plants called phytoplankton. Remote sensing, especially using satellite-mounted colour scanners (SeaWiFS and similar platforms), is advocated for broad-based monitoring of chlorophyll once appropriate algorithms have been developed and proved. The concentration of the photosynthetic pigment chlorophyll a (referred to as chlorophyll) in marine waters is a proven indicator of the biomass of phytoplankton, the organisms that constitute the base of the marine food web. Fluorometry provides an estimate of chlorophyll levels in sea water and thus an estimate of primary productivity in the upper part of the water column.For more information on monitoring the Earth from Space with SeaWIFS see http://oceancolor.gsfc.nasa.gov/SeaWiFS/TEACHERS/. || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 3879, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3879/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Wind and Ocean Circulation shot for Dynamic Earth Dome Show", "description": "This visualization was created for the planetarium dome show film called Dynamic Earth. It is rendered with a fish-eye projection, called domemaster, which is why it looks circular. In a dome, the image fills the dome's hemisphere so that the parts near the bottom of the image are low and in front of the view, the top of the image is behind the viewer, and the left and right sides are to the left and right of the viewer.The camera slowly pushes in towards the Earth revealing global wind patterns. The wind patterns are from the MERRA computational model of the atomsphere. As the camera continues to push in, the winds fade away, revealing ocean currents which are driven, in part, by the winds. The ocean currents are from the ECCO-2 computational model of the oceans and ice. Only the higher speed ocean currents are shown. The camera moves around the Western Atlantic highlighting the Gulf stream from above and below. The camera finally emerges from beneath sea level and moves over to the Gulf of Mexico to examine the Loop Current.This shot is designed to seamlessly match to the end of the Earth/CME shot (animation id #3551.). Topographic features are exaggerated 20 times above water and 40 times below water. The exaggeration is primarily to allow the viewer to distinguish the depths of the flow fields.This visualization was shown in the \"VR Village\" at SIGGRAPH 2015. || ", "hits": 137 }, { "id": 3880, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3880/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Observing Spacecraft Fleet shot for Dynamic Earth Dome Show", "description": "This visualization shows the orbits of NASA's fleet of Earth observing spacecraft. It also includes the International Space Station and Hubble Space Telescope. This was created for a planetarium dome show called Dynamic Earth and is produced in domemaster format (a type of fisheye projection).The domemaster format was created by rendering 7 separate camera tiles. The tiles were then stitched together to form final domemaster layers at 4096x4096 resolution and 16 bits per channel with premultiplied alpha and no gamma correction. A composite version is provided along with the layers. There are 3 domemaster layers intended to be composited as follows: the Earth and orbits layer over Sun layer over star field (no alpha channel). || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 4108, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4108/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-10-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Rivers", "description": "These images highlight the global river systems that carry the flow of water from the continents back into the oceans. || Global rivers with transparency || rivers.0500.jpg (2048x1024) [436.2 KB] || rivers.0500_web.png (320x160) [24.7 KB] || rivers.0500.tif (2048x1024) [753.1 KB] || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 4104, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4104/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-09-20T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "2013 Daily Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR2: May - September 2013", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In 2013, the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum of 5.1 million square kilometers on September 13, 2013 using a 5-day trailing average. NASA scientists independently determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent of 5.217 million square kilometers on September 12 using a 5-day running average. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through the minimum area of coverage for 2013. Two movies are provided: one stopping on September 12 and one that continues to September 13. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 4097, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4097/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-29T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland's Mega-Canyon beneath the Ice Sheet", "description": "Subglacial topography plays an important role in modulating the distribution and flow of meltwater beneath the ice known as basal water flow. This animation portrays topographic data of the bedrock under the Greenland ice sheet derived from ice-penetrating radar data. Clearly evident in the topography is a 750-km-long subglacial canyon in northern Greenland that is likely to have influenced basal water flow from the ice sheet interior to the margin. The authors suggest that the mega-canyon predates ice sheet inception and has influenced basal hydrology in Greenland over past glacial cycles. (See reference under \"Science Paper\" below)Starting with a view of the surface of Greenland, the animation zooms closer to the surface as the ice sheet is stripped away to reveal the false-color topography of the bedrock that lies beneath. Regions above sea level are shown in shades of green while areas below zero are colored by shades of brown. Yellow indicates the area near sea level. The topography is exaggerated from 12 to 40 times in order to accentuate the topographic relief. Visible in the topography from about the midpoint of Greenland to its Northwest coast is the 750-km-long subglacial canyon described by the authors. || ", "hits": 213 }, { "id": 4096, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4096/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Summer Arctic Sea Ice Retreat: May - August 2013", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through August 15, 2013. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 4092, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4092/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-08T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Mapping the Fire Intensity Record for the United States (2000 through 2013)", "description": "This visualization displays the MODIS Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) Mean Fire Radiative Power (FRP). The CMG fire products incorporate MODIS active fire data into gridded statistical summaries of fire pixel information intended for use in regional and global modeling. The products are currently generated at 0.5 degree spatial resolution. Many of the lower intensity fires shown in red were prescribed fires, lit for either agricultural or ecosystem management purposes. Orange indicates fires that were more intense with the most intense FRP being shown in yellow. Most of these intense fires occurred in the western United States, where lightning and human activity often sparks blazes that firefighters cannot contain. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 4093, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4093/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-08T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Mapping the Fire Intensity Global Record (2000 through 2013)", "description": "This visualization displays the MODIS Climate Modeling Grid (CMG) Mean Fire Radiative Power (FRP). The CMG fire products incorporate MODIS active fire data into gridded statistical summaries of fire pixel information intended for use in regional and global modeling. The products are currently generated at 0.5 degree spatial resolution. Many of the lower intensity fires shown in red were prescribed fires, lit for either agricultural or ecosystem management purposes. Orange indicates fires that were more intense with the most intense FRP being shown in yellow. Notice, many of the most intense fires occurred in higher latitudes. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 30065, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30065/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-07-22T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Science Division Missions", "description": "In order to study the Earth as a whole system and understand how it is changing, NASA develops and supports a large number of Earth observing missions. These missions provide Earth science researchers the necessary data to address key questions about global climate change.", "hits": 165 }, { "id": 4070, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4070/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-06-26T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including Landsat 8", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of May 2013) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and nine others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #3725. It was created for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 6840 x 2304. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. || ", "hits": 63 }, { "id": 4052, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4052/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-04-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from March 2012 to February 2013", "description": "This animation shows the seasonal change in the extent of the Arctic sea ice between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. The annual cycle starts with the maximum extent reached on March 15, 2012. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to its minimum extent before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This new ice generated on an annual basis is called \"first-year\" ice and is thinner than the older sea ice. The perennial ice is the portion of the ice cap that spans multiple years and represents its thickest component. On September 13, 2012, the sea ice minimum covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The annual maximum extent for 2013 reached on February 28 reached an extent of 15.09 million square kilometers. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 4055, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4055/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-03-19T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Vegetation and Snow Change", "description": "To determine the density of green on a patch of land, researchers must observe the wavelengths of visible and near-infrared sunlight reflected by the plants. The pigment in plant leaves, chlorophyll, strongly absorbs visible light (from 0.4 um - 0.7 um). Vegetation strongly reflects near-infrared light (from 0.7 -1.0 um). The more healthy leaves a plant has, the more the the visible light will be absorbed and the near-infrared will be reflected. In this animation, dark green indicates dense, healthy vegetation, whereas beige areas represent bare soil. Snow from the MODIS instruments is overlaid on top. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 30017, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30017/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-03-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "GEOS-5 Nature Run Collection", "description": "Through numerical experiments that simulate the dynamical and physical processes governing weather and climate variability of Earth's atmosphere, models create a dynamic portrait of our planet. This 10-kilometer global mesoscale simulation (Nature Run) using the NASA Goddard Earth Observing System Model (GEOS-5) explores the evolution of surface temperatures as the sun heats the Earth and fuels cloud formation in the tropics and along baroclinic zones; the presence of water vapor and precipitation within these global weather patterns; the dispersion of global aerosols from dust, biomass burning, fossil fuel emissions, and volcanoes; and the winds that transport these aerosols from the surface to upper-levels.The full GEOS-5 simulation covered 2 years—from May 2005 to May 2007. It ran on 3,750 processors of the Discover supercomputer at the NASA Center for Climate Simulation, consuming 3 million processor hours and producing over 400 terabytes of data. GEOS-5 development is funded by NASA's Modeling, Analysis, and Prediction Program. || ", "hits": 195 } ] }