{ "count": 52, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 31225, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31225/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2023-05-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Pandemic Before And After: Northeast US 2015-2019 Versus 2020", "description": "Pandemic Before And After: Northeast US 2015-2019 Versus 2020 || NO2_USCities_00000_print.jpg (1024x576) [175.6 KB] || NO2_USCities_00000_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.7 KB] || NO2_USCities_00000_thm.png (80x40) [5.7 KB] || NO2_USCities_1080p29.97.mp4 (1920x1080) [28.4 MB] || NO2_USCities_1080p29.97.webm (1920x1080) [7.1 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || NO2_USCities_2160p29.97.mp4 (3840x2160) [72.5 MB] || ", "hits": 94 }, { "id": 4994, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4994/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-04-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Nitrogen Dioxide Over the United States, 2005-2021", "description": "NO2 over the United States as measured by OMI, with labels || NO2_US_2021.0399_print.jpg (1024x576) [170.4 KB] || NO2_US_2021.0399_searchweb.png (320x180) [80.6 KB] || NO2_US_2021.0399_thm.png (80x40) [5.9 KB] || w_labels (3840x2160) [32.0 KB] || NO2_US_2021_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [20.0 MB] || NO2_US_2021_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [2.7 MB] || ", "hits": 81 }, { "id": 4677, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4677/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-08-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2005-2016 USA NO2 Hyperwall Show", "description": "USA NO2, Updated to 2016 || USA_4_17_HW.0000_print.jpg (1024x576) [140.2 KB] || USA_4_17_HW.0000_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.5 KB] || USA_4_17_HW.0000_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || USA_4_17_HW_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [5.0 MB] || 5760x3240_16x9_30p (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || USA_4_17_HW_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [955.7 KB] || USA_4_17_HW_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [16.4 MB] || USA_4_17_HW_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [185 bytes] || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 4410, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4410/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-12-14T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "2005-2014 NO₂ Hyperwall Shows", "description": "Global NO2 Concentrations, Endpoint Fade 2005, 2014 || hyperwall_global_fade.0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [108.3 KB] || hyperwall_global_fade.0001_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [65.5 KB] || hyperwall_global_fade.0001_print_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || global_no2_conc_fade_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [5.9 MB] || global_no2_conc_fade_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.1 MB] || hyperwall_global_fade_prores.mp4 (1280x720) [638.8 KB] || hyperwall_global_fade (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || hyperwall_global_fade_4410.key [4.1 MB] || hyperwall_global_fade_4410.pptx [1.6 MB] || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 11781, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11781/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-05-06T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Big Ozone Holes Headed For Extinction By 2040", "description": "The next three decades will see an end of the era of big ozone holes. In a new study, scientists from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040.Ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere cause an ozone hole to form over Antarctica during the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and chemical levels have been declining. However, the ozone hole has still remained bigger than 8 million square miles since the early 1990s, with exact sizes varying from year to year.The size of the ozone hole varies due to both temperature and levels of ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere. In order to get a more accurate picture of the future size of the ozone hole, scientists used NASA’s AURA satellite to determine how much the levels of these chemicals in the atmosphere varied each year. With this new knowledge, scientists can confidently say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040. Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery before the end of the century.Research: Inorganic chlorine variability in the Antarctic vortex and implications for ozone recovery.Journal: Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, December 18, 2014.Link to paper: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JD022295/abstract.Here is the YouTube video. || ", "hits": 139 }, { "id": 11867, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11867/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-05-06T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Instagram: Big Ozone Holes Headed For Extinction By 2040", "description": "The next three decades will see an end of the era of big ozone holes. In a new study, scientists from NASA Goddard Space Flight Center say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040.Ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere cause an ozone hole to form over Antarctica during the winter months in the Southern Hemisphere. Since the Montreal Protocol agreement in 1987, emissions have been regulated and chemical levels have been declining. However, the ozone hole has still remained bigger than 8 million square miles since the early 1990s, with exact sizes varying from year to year.The size of the ozone hole varies due to both temperature and levels of ozone-depleting chemicals in the atmosphere. In order to get a more accurate picture of the future size of the ozone hole, scientists used NASA’s AURA satellite to determine how much the levels of these chemicals in the atmosphere varied each year. With this new knowledge, scientists can confidently say that the ozone hole will be consistently smaller than 8 million square miles by the year 2040. Scientists will continue to use satellites to monitor the recovery of the ozone hole and they hope to see its full recovery before the end of the century.Research: Inorganic chlorine variability in the Antarctic vortex and implications for ozone recovery.Journal: Geophysical Research: Atmospheres, December 18, 2014.Link to paper: http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2014JD022295/abstract. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 11813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11813/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2015-04-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Story of Ozone: The Earth's Natural Sunscreen", "description": "Dr. Paul Newman is the chief scientist for atmospheric sciences at NASA Goddard. In this talk he discusses how chlorofluorocarbons were destroying the ozone layer, what policy-makers did about it, and what challenges the ozone layer faces today. For complete transcript, click here. || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_nasaportal_print.jpg (1024x576) [80.9 KB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_nasaportal_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.5 KB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_nasaportal_print_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_youtube_hq.webm (1280x720) [117.5 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_appletv.m4v (960x540) [410.2 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [664.6 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [468.8 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_prores.mov (1280x720) [15.6 GB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_appletv_subtitles.m4v (960x540) [409.8 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [166.0 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_nasaportal.mov (640x360) [397.3 MB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk.en_US.srt [20.9 KB] || G2015-023_Ozone_TedTalk_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [84.3 MB] || ", "hits": 275 }, { "id": 30496, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30496/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-03-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Observing Fleet", "description": "Like orbiting sentinels, NASA’s Earth-observing satellites vigilantly monitor our planet’s ever-changing pulse from their unique vantage points in orbit. This animation shows the orbits of all of the current satellite missions. The flight paths are based on actual orbital elements. These missions—many joint with other nations and/or agencies—are able to collect global measurements of rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the environment. Together, these measurements help scientists better diagnose the “health” of the Earth system.This animation will be regularly updated to show the orbits of the current earth observing fleet. This most recent version, published in March 2017, includes the CYGNSS constellation and DSCOVR at L1. Visit the original page here.Previous versions from recent years include:entry 4274 a February 2015 version including SMAPentry 3996 a spring 2014 version including GPM entry 4070 a May 2013 version which added Landsat-8entry 3892 a Dec 2011 version which added Suomi NPP and Aquariusentry 3725 a version from June 2010 || ", "hits": 90 }, { "id": 4274, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4274/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-02-26T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet (February 2015)", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here. || Orbital Fleet including SMAP without TRMM || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM.2150_print.jpg (1024x576) [146.7 KB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_1920x1080_60fps.webm (1920x1080) [10.0 MB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_1920x1080_60fps.mp4 (1920x1080) [56.4 MB] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || fleet_withSMAP_noTRMM_640x360_30fps.m4v (640x360) [15.1 MB] || without_TRMM (9600x3240) [0 Item(s)] || without_TRMM-ppm [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 30548, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30548/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-11-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Montage of early data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder", "description": "Montage of six measurements made by MLS || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder_print.jpg (1024x576) [59.6 KB] || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder_web.png (320x180) [40.8 KB] || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder_web.jpg (320x180) [11.6 KB] || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder_searchweb.png (180x320) [40.8 KB] || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || mls_montage_720p.webm (1280x720) [1.3 MB] || mls_montage_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [1.3 MB] || mls_montage_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || montage_early_data_aura_microwave_limb_sounder.tif (5760x3240) [19.2 MB] || mls_montage_360p.mp4 (640x360) [523.1 KB] || mls_montage_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [6.4 MB] || Montage_early_data_Aura_Microwave_Limb_S.pptx [1.9 MB] || Montage_early_data_Aura_Microwave_Limb_S.key [4.3 MB] || ", "hits": 133 }, { "id": 4208, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4208/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet (August 2014)", "description": "This animation shows the orbits of NASA's fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories as of August 2014.The satellites include components of the A-Train:AquaAuraCloudSatCALIPSORecently launched missions:GPMOCO-2the International Space Stationand eleven others:AquariusSuomi NPPTerraSORCEGRACE Jason 2Landsat 7Landsat 8QuikSCATTRMMEO-1These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of entry 3725. This update was created both for an annual presentation at the National Air and Space Museum (NASM) and for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 9600 x 3240. The version for NASM starts with three flagship missions (Terra, Aqua, and Aura) then fades on the other spacecraft. The hyperwall version shows all of the spacecraft the entire time. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs on August 1, 2014. The NASM version is from 00:00:00 GMT to 12:10:26 GMT. The hyperwall version is from 00:00:00 GMT to 07:18:16 GMT. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 11607, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11607/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-09-08T16:35:00-04:00", "title": "10 Years of Aura Legacy", "description": "The Aura atmospheric chemistry satellite celebrates its 10th anniversary in July, 2014. Since its launch in 2004, Aura has monitored the Earth's atmosphere and provided data on the ozone layer, air quality, and greenhouse gases associated with climate change. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 11566, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11566/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-06-11T16:55:00-04:00", "title": "Beautiful Earth Program at the Goddard Visitor Center", "description": "About 140 students, parents, and teachers came to the Goddard Space Flight Center Visitor Center in June, 2014 for the Beautiful Earth educational program. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3996, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3996/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including GPM", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of January 2014) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and eleven others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, GPM, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #4070. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. Some simulated orbits where added, such as GPM, as they had not launched at the time these visualizations were created.Two versions of this visualization are provided. The first colors the orbits blue except that TRMM is colored green and GPM is colored red. The second visualization colors all of the orbits blue. || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 30403, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30403/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA Satellite Data Reveal Impact of Olympic Pollution Controls in Beijing, China", "description": "Chinese government regulators had clearer skies and easier breathing in mind in the summer of 2008 when they temporarily shuttered some factories and banished many cars in a pre-Olympic sprint to clean up Beijing’s air. And that's what they got.They were not necessarily planning for something else: an unprecedented experiment using satellites to measure the impact of air pollution controls. Taking advantage of the opportunity, NASA researchers have since analyzed data from NASA's Aura and Terra satellites that show how key pollutants responded to the Olympic restrictions.The image on the left, an average of August 2005-07 nitrogen dioxide (NO2) levels, shows high levels of pollution in Beijing and other areas of eastern China. In contrast, levels of nitrogen dioxide (NO2) plunged nearly 50 percent in and around Beijing in August 2008 (right image) after officials instituted strict traffic restrictions in preparation for the Olympic Games. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 30366, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30366/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Total Column Ozone", "description": "Ozone gas is a form of oxygen in which each molecule has three oxygen atoms instead of two. Near the ground, ozone is a pollutant that forms when byproducts of burning coal, oil, or gasoline mix with water vapor in the presence of sunlight. In the stratosphere, however, ozone forms naturally and absorbs harmful ultraviolet radiation known as UV-B. The Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI) on NASA’s Aura satellite provides daily total-column ozone, which is how much ozone is present in a column of the atmosphere stretching from the surface to the top of the atmosphere. Therefore, it includes both ground-level and stratospheric ozone.These maps show monthly total-column ozone as measured by OMI from October 2004 to the present. Ozone concentrations are measured in Dobson Units. A Dobson Unit is the amount of ozone that would be required to create a layer of pure ozone 0.01 millimeters thick at the Earth’s surface, at a temperature of 0 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 1 atmosphere. || ", "hits": 64 }, { "id": 30065, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30065/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-07-22T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Science Division Missions", "description": "In order to study the Earth as a whole system and understand how it is changing, NASA develops and supports a large number of Earth observing missions. These missions provide Earth science researchers the necessary data to address key questions about global climate change.", "hits": 165 }, { "id": 4070, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4070/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-06-26T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Earth Observing Fleet including Landsat 8", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of May 2013) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and nine others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, Landsat 8, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of visualization #3725. It was created for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 6840 x 2304. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in April of 2013. The visualization spans twenty-nine hours, from 04:10 UT on April 14, 2013 to 09:24 UT on Aril 15, 2013. || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30014, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30014/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-03-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Nitrogen Dioxide from Aura/OMI, 2013-2014", "description": "Major sources of tropospheric NO2 include industrial emissions, automobile traffic, forest and brush fires, microbiological soil emissions, lightning, and aircraft. More than half of the total NO2 emissions are estimated to be anthropogenic, mainly from the burning of fossil fuels for energy production, transportation, and industrial activities. NO2 has a relatively short lifetime (about a day) and is therefore concentrated near its sources. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3892, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3892/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-12-06T09:00:00-05:00", "title": "Hyperwall Show: Earth Observing Fleet with Suomi NPP and Aquarius", "description": "A newer version of this visualization can be found here.This animation shows the orbits of NASA's current (as of November 2011) fleet of Earth remote sensing observatories. The satellites include components of the A-Train (Terra, Aqua, Aura, CloudSat, CALIPSO), two satellites launched in 2011 (Aquarius, Suomi NPP), and nine others (ACRIMSAT, SORCE, GRACE, Jason 1 and 2, Landsat 7, QuikSCAT, TRMM, and EO-1). These satellites measure tropical rainfall, solar irradiance, clouds, sea surface height, ocean salinity, and other aspects of the global environment. Together, they provide a picture of the Earth as a system.This is an update of entry 3725. It was created for display on the NASA Center for Climate Simulation (NCCS) hyperwall, a 5 x 3 array of high-definition displays with a total pixel resolution of 6840 x 2304. The orbits are based on orbital elements with epochs in November of 2011. The animation spans six hours, from 15:00 to 21:00 UT (10 am to 4 pm EST) on November 30, 2011. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 10605, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10605/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2010-07-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Know Your Earth: Earth Observing Fleet Studies Climate", "description": "This animated video shares a series of fascinating facts about how climate change affects oceans, land, the atmosphere, and ice sheets around the world. With the help of an animated astronaut touring the Earth, the video explains how NASA's Earth observing satellite fleet enables scientists to gather accurate data and understand those changes.For complete transcript, click here. || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_youtube_hq.02196_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.9 KB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_youtube_hq_web.png (320x180) [281.3 KB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_youtube_hq_thm.png (80x40) [17.6 KB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_appletv.webmhd.webm (960x540) [41.1 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_appletv.m4v (960x540) [99.6 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_prores.mov (1280x720) [2.9 GB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_Final.wmv (1280x720) [89.9 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [105.0 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [33.5 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth.m4v (320x240) [18.1 MB] || G2010-072_Know_Your_Earth_SVS.mpg (512x288) [27.1 MB] || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 3736, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3736/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aura/OMI 3D Stereoscopic Viewfinder Image", "description": "The Aura satellite launched on July 15, 2004 from Vandenberg Air Force Base, California and is still operating successfully today. One of several instruments onboard is the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). OMI is a contribution of the Netherland's Agency for Aerospace Programs (NIVR) along with the Finnish Meteorlogical Institute (FMI). OMI monitors the Earth's atmosphere for total ozone and other atmospheric parameters related to ozone chemistry and climate. This stereoscopic artistic rendition was created from a previous animation and is intended for viewing through a special NASA Earth Science Viewfinder available through NASA Headquarters. We include an anaglyph version here in addition to a printable viewfinder version, as well as the individual left eye and right eye views. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3737, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3737/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-06-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Tropospheric Column Ozone", "description": "These visuals present retrieved global distribution of tropospheric column ozone from NASA's AURA spacecraft. Tropospheric ozone is close the ground and a component of pollution. This should be distinguished from high-altitude (stratospheric) ozone which shields the Earth's surface from ultraviolet radiation. Ozone measurements from the OMI and MLS instruments on board the Aura satellite are used for deriving global distributions of tropospheric column ozone (TCO). TCO is determined using the tropospheric ozone residual method which involves subtracting measurements of MLS stratospheric column ozone (SCO) from OMI total column ozone after adjusting for intercalibration differences of the two instruments using the convective-cloud differential method. The derived TCO field, which covers one complete year of mostly continuous daily measurements from January 2005 through December 2006, is used for studying the regional and global pollution on a timescale of a few days to months. MLS and OMI are two out of a total of four instruments on board the Aura spacecraft which is flown in a sunsynchronous polar orbit at 705 km altitude with a 98.2 degree inclination. The spacecraft has an equatorial crossing time of 1:45 pm (ascending node) with around 98.8 min per orbit (14.6 orbits per day on average). OMI is a nadir-scanning instrument that at visible (350-500 nm) and UV wavelength channels (UV-1: 270-314 nm; UV-2: 306-380 nm) detects backscattered solar radiance to measure column ozone. The MLS instrument is a thermal-emission microwave limb sounder that measures vertical profiles of mesospheric, stratospheric, and upper tropospheric temperature, ozone and other constituents from limb scans ahead of the Aura satellite. The MLS profile measurements are taken about 7 min before OMI views the same location during ascending (daytime) orbital tracks. These are referred as \"collocated\" measurements between OMI and MLS. The data shows signals due to convection, biomass burning, stratospheric influence, pollution, and transport. They are capable of capturing the spatiotemporal evolution of tropospheric column ozone. For more information see the links below: http://www.nasa.gov/vision/earth/environment/ozone_resource_page.htmlhttp://acdb-ext.gsfc.nasa.gov/Data_services/cloud_slice/#nd || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 10574, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10574/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2010-02-22T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Piecing Together the Temperature Puzzle", "description": "The decade from 2000 to 2009 was the warmest in the modern record. \"Piecing Together the Temperature Puzzle\" illustrates how NASA satellites enable us to study possible causes of climate change. The video explains what role fluctuations in the solar cycle, changes in snow and cloud cover, and rising levels of heat-trapping gases may play in contributing to climate change. For complete transcript, click here. || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres.01252_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.2 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres_web.png (320x180) [207.8 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres_thm.png (80x40) [16.9 KB] || Temperature_Puzzle_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [83.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_fullres.mov (1280x720) [166.2 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_AppleTV.m4v (960x720) [211.4 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle__Youtube.mov (1280x720) [87.7 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_iPod_small.m4v (640x360) [67.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_iPod_large.m4v (320x180) [27.9 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_svs.mpg (512x288) [136.6 MB] || Temperature_Puzzle_portal.wmv (346x260) [38.8 MB] || ", "hits": 172 }, { "id": 20174, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20174/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2008-07-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aura - Print Still Images - Wallpaper", "description": "Three prints of Aura - nicely framed || Print 1 || AuraPRINT1.jpg (3840x2160) [4.3 MB] || AuraPRINT1_web.png (320x180) [310.3 KB] || AuraPRINT1_thm.png (80x40) [31.2 KB] || AuraPRINT1.tif (3840x2160) [23.8 MB] || Print 2 || AuraPRINT2.jpg (3840x2160) [4.0 MB] || AuraPRINT2_web.png (320x180) [301.1 KB] || AuraPRINT2.tif (3840x2160) [23.8 MB] || Print 3 || AuraPRINT3.jpg (3840x2160) [4.0 MB] || AuraPRINT3_web.png (320x180) [310.7 KB] || AuraPRINT3.tif (3840x2160) [23.8 MB] || ", "hits": 10 }, { "id": 10255, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10255/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2008-06-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Exploring Ozone", "description": "This short video combines dynamic ozone visualizations with an interview with leading atmospheric NASA scientist, Dr. Paul Newman. Dr. Newman explains why ozone is important, he cites the ingredients that cause an ozone hole to form, and he remarks on the future of the ozone, pointing to exciting new areas of ozone research, including the role climate change will play in future years. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3256, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3256/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-10-26T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "The 2005 Antarctic Ozone Hole", "description": "A relatively warm Antarctic winter in 2005 kept the thinning of the protective ozone layer over Antarctica, known as the ozone 'hole,' slightly smaller than in 2004. The ozone hole is not technically a 'hole' where no ozone is present, but is actually a region of exceptionally depleted ozone in the stratosphere over the Antarctic that happens at the beginning of Southern Hemisphere spring (August-October). The average concentration of ozone in the atmosphere is about 300 Dobson Units; any area where the concentration drops below 220 Dobson Units is considered part of the ozone hole. Each year the 'hole' expands over Antarctica, sometimes reaching populated areas of South America and exposing them to ultraviolet rays normally absorbed by ozone. This data was acquired by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on NASA's Aura satellite, NASA's newest tool to study this annual phenonmenon. On September 15, 2005, ozone thinning over Antarctica reached its maximum extent for the year at 24.2 million square kilometers (9.4 million square miles). The largest maximum area on record was 29.2 million square kilometers, in 2000. || ", "hits": 47 }, { "id": 3303, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3303/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-12-05T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Antarctic Ozone Hole in 2005", "description": "A relatively warm Antarctic winter in 2005 kept the thinning of the protective ozone layer over Antarctica, known as the 'ozone hole', slightly smaller than in 2004. The ozone hole is not technically a 'hole' where no ozone is present, but is actually a region of exceptionally depleted ozone in the stratosphere over the Antarctic that happens at the beginning of Southern Hemisphere spring (August-October). The average concentration of ozone in the atmosphere is about 300 Dobson Units; any area where the concentration drops below 220 Dobson Units is considered part of the ozone hole. Each year the 'hole' expands over Antarctica, sometimes reaching populated areas of South America and exposing them to ultraviolet rays normally absorbed by ozone. The data in these omages were acquired by the Ozone Monitoring Instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. On September 11, 2005, ozone thinning over Antarctica reached its maximum extent for the year at 27 millions of square kilometers. On October 1, 2005 the minimum ozone value was recorded at 102 Dobson Units. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3098, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3098/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-02-01T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Polar Vortex (WMS)", "description": "The polar vortex is an atmospheric regional event that isolates polar air from the air at temperate latitudes, producing conditions favorable for wintertime polar ozone depletion and other chemical perturbations. The location, size, and shape of the polar vortex is derived from potential vorticity (PV) data. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 3082, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3082/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Ozone from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Ozone (O3) in the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3088, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3088/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Chlorine Monoxide from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Chlorine monoxide (ClO) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. ClO is a temporary byproduct of the chemical reaction sequence by which chlorine from chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs) destroys ozone. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3099, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3099/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Hydrogen Chloride from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Hydrogen chloride (HCl) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. Ozone-destroying chlorine (Cl) atoms are neutralized when they bond with hydrogen (H) to form HCl. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3100, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3100/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Nitric acid from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Nitric Acid (HNO3) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. Nitric acid is created from the nitrogen oxide emitted by automobiles. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 3101, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3101/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Water vapor from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "Water vapor (H2O) in the atmosphere as measured by the Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) instrument on NASA's Aura satellite. MLS can simultaneously measure several trace gases and ozone-destroying chemicals in the upper troposphere and photosphere. In this series of animations we present chlorine monoxide (ClO), hydrogen chloride (HCl), nitric acid (HNO3), ozone (O3), water vapor (H2O) and temperature measurements. These are 'first light' data taken when the MLS was operated for the first time. || ", "hits": 84 }, { "id": 3102, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3102/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-01-27T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Temperature from new Microwave Limb Sounder on Aura (WMS)", "description": "This animation shows temperature in the atmosphere from August 13 through October 15, 2004. Red represents higher temperatures; blue represents lower temperatures. The spatial resolution is low: each pixel covers an area of 5 degrees longitude by 2 degrees latitude, so the entire world (except for 1 degree at each pole) is covered by the 72x89 pixel images.This product is available through our Web Map Service. || temp-movie.gif (72x89) [227.1 KB] || temp.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || temp.jpg (320x396) [8.3 KB] || gal.png (160x80) [16.1 KB] || temp_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [56.3 KB] || temp.2004.0034.png (72x89) [4.4 KB] || temp-movie.webmhd.webm (960x540) [36.2 KB] || 72x89 (72x89) [4.0 KB] || temp-movie.m1v (72x88) [119.4 KB] || ", "hits": 102 }, { "id": 3056, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3056/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Chlorine Monoxide", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Measuring concentration of chlorine monoxide and other chemicals. Chlorine monoxide (CIO) is formed by the photolysis of CFCs in the stratosphere and the subsequent destruction of an ozone molecule, these radicals can act as a catalyst in the destruction of ozone while not being destroyed themselves. || ", "hits": 56 }, { "id": 3057, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3057/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Water Vapor", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Measuring concentration of water vapor and other chemicals. Approximately 50 percent of the atmosphere's moisture lies within about 1.84 km of the earth's surface, and only a minute fraction of the total occurs above the tropopause. || ", "hits": 143 }, { "id": 3058, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3058/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Hydrochloric Acid", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Hydrogen Chloride, is a covalent bonded nonflammable gas and ionizes almost completely when dissolved in water. When dissolved in water, hydrogen chloride forms a strong acid, hydrochloric acid. || ", "hits": 49 }, { "id": 3059, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3059/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Nitric Acid", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Nitric Acid is a corrosive, non-volatile, and inorganic acid. In the atmosphere it is formed by the conversion of nitrogen monoxide into nitrogen dioxide, and ultimately into nitric acid. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3060, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3060/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Ozone", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. Ozone that is present in the troposphere is mostly a result of anthropogenic pollution and therefore higher concentrations are found in urban areas. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3061, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3061/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "New Data from Aura's Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) Temperature", "description": "The Microwave Limb Sounder (MLS) measures the chemistry of the lower stratosphere and upper troposphere. It also measures the temperature. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3062, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3062/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-14T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Microwave Limb Sounder Observes the Lower Stratosphere and Upper Troposphere", "description": "MLS measures lower stratospheric temperature and concentrations of H2O, O3, ClO, BrO, HCl, OH, HO2, HNO3, HCN, and N2O, for their effects on (and diagnoses of) ozone depletion, transformations of greenhouse gases, and radiative forcing of climate change. || ", "hits": 71 }, { "id": 3066, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3066/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Aura/OMI Ozone Hole from September 12, 2004 to November 15,2004", "description": "Data from NASA satellites establishes a 40 year record of stratospheric ozone measurements. The stratospheric ozone layer shields life on Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Research shows that excess exposure to UV radiation causes skin cancer and eye problems and impacts plant growth. Global stratospheric ozone has decreased by 3 percent globally between 1980 and 2000 and has thinned by 50 percent over Antarctica in winter and spring. Depletion of the ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth's surface. This animation shows the ozone layer blocking harmful UV radiation from the Earth's surface. The hole in the ozone is seen in purple. || ", "hits": 38 }, { "id": 3067, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3067/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-13T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Aura/OMI Ozone Hole from September 12, 2004 to November 15, 2004 with Polar Vortex Demarcation", "description": "Data from NASA satellites establishes a 40-year record of stratospheric ozone measurements. The stratospheric ozone layer shields life on Earth from harmful solar ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Research shows that excess exposure to UV radiation causes skin cancer and eye problems and impacts plant growth. Global stratospheric ozone has decreased by 3 percent globally between 1980 and 2000 and has thinned by 50 percent over Antarctica in winter and spring. Depletion of the ozone layer allows more UV radiation to reach the Earth's surface.This animation shows the ozone layer blocking harmful UV radiation from the Earth's surface. The hole in the ozone is seen in purple. The location, size, and shape of the polar vortex is derived from potential vorticity data, PV. The PV, shown in white at 550 degrees Kelvin, is an atmospheric regional event that isolates polar air from the air at lower latitudes, producing conditions favorable for wintertime polar ozone depletion. The animation shows that most of the low-temperature and chemically-perturbed region is confined within the polar vortex during the Antarctic winter. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3068, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3068/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over South America", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry. Many different organizations monitor regional areas of the troposphere, but Aura is the first to record daily global measurements. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3069, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3069/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over South America and Africa", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor of air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. In this animation, Aura shows a large concentration of tropospheric ozone is being transported from South America to Africa. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3070, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3070/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone over Indonesia", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3071, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3071/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "AURA/OMI Tropospheric Ozone On a Flat Map", "description": "Aura's instruments study tropospheric, or low-level atmospheric chemistry and will monitor of air pollution around the world on a daily basis. Aura measures five of the six 'Criteria Pollutants' identified by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. The complexity of pollution transport makes it difficult to quantify how much industry contributes to poor local air quality. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3073, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3073/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "NO2 Concentration Over the United States: September 24 - November 7, 2004", "description": "Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is a traffic-related pollutant. Emissions are generally highest in urban rather than rural areas. Annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in urban areas are generally in the range 10-45 ppb, and lower in rural areas. Levels vary significantly throughout the day, with peaks generally occurring twice daily as a consequence of rush hour traffic. Concentrations can be as high as 200 ppb. Particulate matter is very fine and can be carried deep into the lungs where they can cause inflammation and a worsening of the condition of people with heart and lung disease. Further, the problem is not necessarily concentrated in the inner cities. Because many major road / motorway interchange complexes are situated in semi-rural areas, under conditions of near-stationary traffic, a rapid build-up of engine exhaust pollution can occur, which if the low-level atmospheric conditions are correct, will not be dispersed. || ", "hits": 58 }, { "id": 3074, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3074/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Nitrogen Dioxide Concentration Over China: September 24 - November 7, 2004", "description": "Nitrogen dioxide, NO2, is a traffic-related pollutant. Emissions are generally highest in urban rather than rural areas. Annual mean concentrations of nitrogen dioxide in urban areas are generally in the range 10-45 ppb, and lower in rural areas. Levels vary significantly throughout the day, with peaks generally occurring twice daily as a consequence of rush hour traffic. Concentrations can be as high as 200 ppb. Particulate matter is very fine and can be carried deep into the lungs where they can cause inflammation and a worsening of the condition of people with heart and lung disease. Further, the problem is not necessarily concentrated in the inner cities. Because many major road / motorway interchange complexes are situated in semi-rural areas, under conditions of near-stationary traffic, a rapid build-up of engine exhaust pollution can occur, which if the low-level atmospheric conditions are correct, will not be dispersed. || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 3075, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3075/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-12-09T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Biomass Burning over South America", "description": "Biomass burning is the burning of living and dead vegetation. It includes the human-initiated burning of vegetation for land clearing and land-use change as well as natural, lightning-induced fires. Scientists estimate that humans are responsible for about 90% of biomass burning with only a small percentage of natural fires contributing to the total amount of vegetation burned. Burning vegetation releases large amounts of particulates (solid carbon combustion particles) and gases, including greenhouse gases that help warm the Earth. Studies suggest that biomass burning has increased on a global scale over the last 100 years, and computer calculations indicate that a hotter Earth resulting from global warming will lead to more frequent and larger fires. Biomass burning particulates impact climate and can also affect human health when they are inhaled, causing respiratory problems. Here are three images of South America on October 7, 2004. The first image shows clouds and fires on that day. The second image is clouds and nitrous dioxide (NO2) concentrations in the stratosphere. The last image overlays the fires on the NO2 data. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 2948, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2948/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-05-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Simulated Aura/OMI Data Collection", "description": "On June 19, 2004, NASA launches Aura, a next generation Earth-observing satellite. One of several instruments on the Aura satellite is the Ozone Monitoring Instrument (OMI). OMI is a contribution of the Netherland's Agency for Aerospace Programs (NIVR) along with the Finnish Meteorological Institute (FMI). OMI will continue the TOMS record for total ozone and other atmospheric parameters related to ozone chemistry and climate. (For more information on the Aura project, please visit http://aura.gsfc.nasa.gov/)Note: The size of the satellite model in the following animation and stills has been exaggerated for aesthetic purposes. || ", "hits": 34 } ] }