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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 4381,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4381/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-10-14T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Nebraska Water Usage",
            "description": "Animation begins with a wide view of the entire United States and then zooms down to an area in Nebraska where water usage studies have been done using Landsat-8 satellite data. The camera slowly pans across the area first showing true color Landsat-8 data, then transitioning to temperature data (in shades of orange and violet), then to ETRF (shades of green), ending with an extrusion of water use data (shades of blue) where the camera pulls back to show the entire area of interest. || neb_v2.2150_print.jpg (1024x576) [191.2 KB] || neb_v2.mp4 (1920x1080) [52.8 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || neb_v2.webm (1920x1080) [8.6 MB] || neb_v2.mp4.hwshow [335 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 41
        },
        {
            "id": 30469,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30469/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Landsat Data Help Water-Resource Managers",
            "description": "In the Western United States between 80 and 90% of freshwater is used for agriculture. In Southern California irrigated farmland stretches southward across the desert from the Salton Sea—an artificial inland sea—to the Mexico border. In the natural-color image [left] acquired on May 15, 2013, by Landsat 8’s Operational Land Imager, blocks of square farmland appear in shades of green and tan, while urban areas such as El Centro, California and Mexicali, Mexico appear in shades of gray. Accurate estimates of total crop area provided by Landsat satellites can be used to help forecast commodities in the United States and the world food market. On that same day, thermal measurements from Landsat 8’s Thermal Infrared Sensor [right] show different temperatures between crop fields as well as urban and desert areas. Cooler areas (e.g., irrigated crops) appear as dark purple and red shades, while warmer areas (e.g., urban and desert areas) appear as shades of bright yellow and white. Plants cool down when they transpire, so the combination of water evaporating from the plants and the ground (i.e., evapotranspiration) lowers the temperature of the irrigated land. Pixels representing cooler areas in thermal images from TIRS help water-resource managers determine where water is being used for irrigation, allowing them to make management decisions on water distribution to preserve this scarce resource. When an earlier design of Landsat 8 did not include a thermal infrared band, the Western States Water Council advocated for its inclusion.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ",
            "hits": 23
        },
        {
            "id": 4044,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4044/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-02-27T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Distributed Water Balance of the Nile Basin",
            "description": "This visualization shows how satellite data and NASA models are being applied to study the hydrology of the Nile basin. The Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Multisensor Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) provides three-hourly estimates of rainfall rate across much of the globe. Here we see the seasonal cycle of monthly precipitation derived from TMPA for Africa, including the Nile Basin. The annual migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) from the Nile Equatorial Lakes region around Lake Victoria, source of the White Nile, northward into Sudan and the highlands of Ethiopia, headwaters of the Blue Nile, and back is evident in the seasonal cycle in precipitation. This precipitation cycle drives flow through the Nile River system. The Nile basin, however, is intensely evaporative, and the majority of the water that falls as rain leaves the basin as evaporation rather than river flow—either from the humid headwaters regions or from large reservoirs and irrigation developments in Egypt and Sudan. The Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) evapotranspiration product, developed by USDA scientists, uses satellite data to map daily evapotranspiration across the entire Nile basin, providing unprecedented information on water consumption. The balance of rainfall and evapotranspiration can be seen in seasonal patterns of soil moisture, as simulated by the NASA Nile Land Data Assimilation System (LDAS), which merges satellite information with a physically-based land surface model to simulate variability in soil moisture—a critical variable for rainfed agriculture and natural ecosystems. Finally, the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) can be used to monitor variability in total water storage, including surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater. The annual cycle in GRACE estimates of water storage anomalies clearly shows the seasonal movement of water storage due to precipitation patterns and the movement of surface waters from headwaters regions into the wetlands of South Sudan and the reservoirs of the lower Nile basin.The Nile is the longest river in the world and its basin is shared by 11 countries. Reliable, spatially distributed estimates of hydrologic storage and fluxes can provide critical information for water managers contending with multiple resource demands, a variable and changing climate, and the risk of damaging floods and droughts. NASA observations and modeling systems offer unique capabilities to meet these information needs. || ",
            "hits": 123
        },
        {
            "id": 10926,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10926/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-03-08T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Evaporation and Transpiration",
            "description": "Much of the water that soaks into the soil from irrigation or rain ultimately returns the the atmosphere as water vapor through direct evaporation from the surface or by transpiration through plant leaves as the plants use the water for growth and seed production. This loss cools the surface and plant canopy just like the evaporation of sweat cools our skin. A cool field in an arid area indicates water use by irrigation. Using the surface temperatures measured by satellites, and some additional information, water resource managers can determine the rate at which water is used in a farm field. || ",
            "hits": 667
        },
        {
            "id": 10914,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10914/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-02-14T05:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "TIRS - the Thermal Infrared Sensor on LDCM",
            "description": "The Thermal InfraRed Sensor (TIRS) is one of the instruments on the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) satellite. It will continue the archive of thermal imaging and support emerging applications such as evapotranspiration rate measurements for water management. TIRS is being built by NASA GSFC and has a three-year design life.In February 2012, TIRS was shipped from GSFC to Orbital Sciences Corporation in Gilbert, Arizona to be integrated with the LDCM spacecraft.TIRS operates in a pushbroom mode to create images in two IR bands, centered at 10.8 and 12.0 microns, over a 185 km swath with a 100 m spatial resolution. The TIRS design includes cryogenically-cooled QWIP detector arrays and a steerable mirror to choose among 3 views: nadir for Earth observations, on-board warm blackbody for calibration, and deep space for calibration. The TIRS data will be registered to the OLI data to create radiometrically, geometrically, and terrain-corrected 12-bit LDCM data products. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 3632,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3632/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-09-14T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Evapotranspiration from Landsat",
            "description": "Instruments on the Landsat satellites capture images in the visible spectrum, but they also take images in wavelengths invisible to the naked eye. Landsat's thermal imager captures land surface temperature data. As farmers irrigate fields, water evaporates from the soil and transpires from plants' leaves. The combined process is called evapotranspiration. Evapotranspiring water absorbs energy, so farm fields consuming more water appear cooler in the thermal band. Landsat-based evapotranspiration measurements provide an objective way for water managers to assess on a field-by-field basis how much water agricultural growers are using. The measurements have even been used to help settle water rights conflicts in court. || ",
            "hits": 87
        },
        {
            "id": 10484,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10484/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-09-14T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Landsat: A Space Age Water Gauge",
            "description": "Agriculture consumes a great deal of water. As demand for water increases, the pressure's on to make sure every drop counts. || ",
            "hits": 44
        }
    ]
}