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This visual representation of the ice age clearly shows how the quantity of older and thicker ice has changed between 1984 and 2016.Complete transcript available.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_print.jpg (1024x576) [145.3 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.8 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age.6140_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.webm (1920x1080) [27.2 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.mp4 (1920x1080) [183.5 MB] || SeaIceAge_comp_final (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || a004616_captions.en_US.srt [3.9 KB] || a004616_captions.en_US.vtt [3.9 KB] || Disappearing_Ice.aif [38.1 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1.2160p30_wAudio.mp4 (3840x2160) [258.5 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_YTube.2160p30_wAudio.mp4 (3840x2160) [978.3 MB] || Final_seaIceAge_Prores_withAudio.mov (3840x2160) [14.3 GB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Age_rev1_1080p30_wAudio.mp4.hwshow [204 bytes] || ", "hits": 469 }, { "id": 4597, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4597/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-11-16T15:00:00-05:00", "title": "Earth: Our Living Planet (Updated)", "description": "Twenty years of global biosphere data mapped on a slowly spinning globe. || slow_spin_4k.5542_print.jpg (1024x576) [83.1 KB] || slow_spin_4k.5542_searchweb.png (320x180) [48.3 KB] || slow_spin_4k.5542_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || slow_spin_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [17.8 MB] || slow_spin_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [119.2 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || slow_spin_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [397.0 MB] || ", "hits": 79 }, { "id": 4596, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4596/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-11-14T17:00:00-05:00", "title": "20 Years of Global Biosphere (updated)", "description": "This Mollweide projected data visualization shows 20 years of Earth's biosphere starting in September 1997 going through September 2017. Data for this visualization was collected from multiple satellites over the past twenty years. || biosphere7_mollweide.4507_print.jpg (576x1024) [192.2 KB] || biosphere7_mollweide.4507_searchweb.png (180x320) [91.0 KB] || biosphere7_mollweide.4507_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || mollweide_annotated (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || biosphere7_mollweide_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [17.8 MB] || biosphere7_mollweide_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [264.8 MB] || biosphere7_mollweide_1080p30.mp4.hwshow || ", "hits": 148 }, { "id": 4592, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4592/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-10-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2017 (SSMI data)", "description": "The annual minimum Arctic sea ice from 1979-2017. || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_print.jpg (1024x576) [141.0 KB] || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || seaIce_framePerYear_HD.2017_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || nodates (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || no_dates_20fps (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || nodates_seaIce_20framesPerYear_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.3 MB] || nodates_seaIce_20framesPerYear_HD_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 4455, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4455/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-09-19T15:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice from March to September 2017", "description": "In this visualization, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from this year’s wintertime maximum extent on March 7, 2017, through September 13, 2017 when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent for the year. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || SeaIceMin2017_1920x1080_print.jpg (1024x576) [161.8 KB] || SeaIceMin2017_1920x1080_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || SeaIceMin2017_1920x1080_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_60p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || SeaIceMin2017_30fps_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.0 MB] || SeaIceMin2017_1920x1080.tif (1920x1080) [3.3 MB] || SeaIceMin2017_30fps_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || SeaIceMin2017_30fps_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [193 bytes] || ", "hits": 39 }, { "id": 4577, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4577/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-07-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Sea Ice on August 28, 2016", "description": "This is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on August 28, 2016, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. The opacity of the sea ice is determined by the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica data shown here has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.7 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_flat.11698.tif (1920x1080) [14.5 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_1080p_layers.11698.tif (1920x1080) [42.3 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_4k_flat.11698.tif (3840x2160) [55.8 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2016_09_28_4k_layers11698.tif (3840x2160) [167.0 MB] || ", "hits": 38 }, { "id": 4578, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4578/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-07-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Image: September 10, 2016", "description": "This image shows the Arctic sea ice on September 10, 2016 when the ice reached its minimum extent. The opacity of the sea ice is derived from the sea ice concentration where it is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature.The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature. || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sep_10_2016.6398_print.jpg (1024x1024) [194.1 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sep_10_2016.6398_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.8 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sep_10_2016.6398_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice_Sep_10_2016.6398.tif (3200x3200) [52.2 MB] || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 4573, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4573/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-05-31T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2016 with Area Graph", "description": "A visualization of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice from 1979 to 2016 with a graph overlay. (fast playback)This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_2016_p30.0568_print.jpg (1024x576) [168.2 KB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.6 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.webmhd.webm (1080x606) [1.8 MB] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [7.1 MB] || seaIce_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_2016_fast_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [196 bytes] || ", "hits": 38 }, { "id": 4562, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4562/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Minimum Antarctic Sea Ice 2017", "description": "This movie begins at the 2016 Antarctic maximum on August 31, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Antarctic minimum on March 3, 2017. The 2017 minimum had only 2.1 million square kilometers of sea ice extent below the previous lowest minimum extext in the satellite record that occurred in 1997. || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_print.jpg (1024x576) [44.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_searchweb.png (320x180) [39.9 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || SouthPoleSeaIce_max_min.3591.tif (1920x1080) [1.5 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [19.9 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.7 MB] || SouthPole_Max_Min_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 4564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4564/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-03-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from Arctic Minimum 2016 to Arctic Maximum 2017", "description": "This movie begins at Arctic Minimum on September 10, 2016 and shows daily sea ice concentration until the Arctic maximum on March 7, 2017. The 2017 Arctic maximum was 14.42 million square kilometers (5.57 million square miles). The average maximum (1981-2010) is 15.64 million square kilometers. || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_print.jpg (1024x576) [138.6 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.7 KB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.8 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.9 MB] || print_Arctic_Max_2017_March07.8218.tif (3840x2160) [10.4 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || NorthPole_seaIce_MIN2016_til_Max2017_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [210 bytes] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 4535, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4535/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-01-22T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice from January 1, 2013 to September 10, 2016", "description": "A visualization of the Arctic sea ice from January 1, 2013 through September 10, 2016, the date when the sea ice reached its annual minumum extent. The date is shown in the lower left corner.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_4k.5399_print.jpg (1024x576) [118.6 KB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_4k.5399_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.3 KB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_4k.5399_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [56.5 MB] || WeeklySeaIceAge_with2Graphs_p30_1080p30.webmhd.webm (1080x606) [19.6 MB] || earthWithDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || earthWithDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_HD.key [59.0 MB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_HD.pptx [58.6 MB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [220.2 MB] || ArcticSeaIce_withDate_HD_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [198 bytes] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 4520, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4520/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-11-10T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Early 2016 Winter Storm Melts Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "This visualization starts with a global view of the Western hemisphere. The viewer then moves in over the arctic on December 27, 2015. Winds and air temperature fade in as time moves forward. A low pressure system then moves in pushing warm air ahead of it. The warm air moves over the Arctic sea ice, contributing to dramatic melting of the sea ice concentration in this region. || arctic_cyclone_comp7.0710_print.jpg (1024x576) [214.4 KB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7.0710_searchweb.png (320x180) [121.2 KB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7.0710_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [45.6 MB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [28.2 MB] || comp (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || date_overlay (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || low_pressure_overlay (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || wind_overlay (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || temperature_overlay (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || country_names_overlay (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || earth_with_sea_ice_background (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.9 MB] || arctic_cyclone_comp7_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [11.1 MB] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 4494, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4494/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-09-15T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice from March to September 2016", "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from March 24, 2016 to September 10, 2016, when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. The 2016 Arctic minimum sea ice extent is the second lowest minimum extent on the satellite record. || seaIceMin_2016_p30.0680_print.jpg (1024x576) [139.6 KB] || seaIceMin_2016_p30.0680_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.7 KB] || seaIceMin_2016_p30.0680_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || seaIceMin_2016_p30_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.4 MB] || seaIce_withDates (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_withDates (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceMin_2016_p30_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.6 MB] || seaIceMin_2016.key [16.0 MB] || seaIceMin_2016.pptx [15.7 MB] || seaIceMin_2016_p30_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [224 bytes] || ", "hits": 45 }, { "id": 4487, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4487/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-08-19T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice from March to August 2016", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from March to August 2016 || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05.3728_print.jpg (1024x576) [117.9 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05.3728_searchweb.png (320x180) [84.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05.3728_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05_p30_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [10.1 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [10.3 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || 1920x1080_16x9_60p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05_p30_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.1 MB] || Arctic_Sea_Ice-Aug_2016_v05_p30_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [205 bytes] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 30768, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30768/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-07-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "September Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "Satellite-based passive microwave images of sea ice have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice since 1979. During Northern Hemisphere spring and summer months, the Arctic sea ice melts considerably, usually reaching its minimum extent in September, before colder weather begins to cause ice cover to increase during fall and winter months. This series of images shows Arctic sea ice extent for a selection of years using data from AMSR-E and AMSR2. The burgundy area represents the median sea ice extent observed by satellite sensors in September from 1979 to 2000. Over the last few decades, the average global temperature has been on the rise—and temperatures in the Arctic have risen at nearly twice the rate as temperatures elsewhere on the planet. As temperatures rise in the Arctic, the extent of sea ice declines. Sea ice is highly reflective of the sun’s energy; therefore, reductions in sea ice impact Earth’s radiation budget. Rather than reflecting most of the sun’s energy, ice-free areas absorb sunlight causing subsequent warming of the ocean. || ", "hits": 44 }, { "id": 4440, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4440/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-03-28T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2016", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from September 7th, 2015 through March 24th, 2016 with datesThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || Arctic_sea_ice_2016.1499_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.4 KB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.0 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_wDate_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || Arctic_sea_ice_2016_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.8 MB] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_p30_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [58.3 MB] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIce_wDate (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Arctic_seaIce_2016_wDate_4k_2160p30x2.mp4 (3840x2160) [99.4 MB] || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 4435, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4435/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2016-03-10T10:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2015 with Area Graph", "description": "An animation of the annual Arctic sea ice minimum with a graph overlay showing the area of the minimum sea ice in millions of square kilometers.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_print.jpg (1024x576) [160.4 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_searchweb.png (320x180) [91.5 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD.1079_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [15.5 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [2.9 MB] || seaIceMin_withGraph (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || seaIceWgraph_4k_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [66.3 MB] || seaIceWgraph_HD_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [218 bytes] || ", "hits": 377 }, { "id": 4368, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4368/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2015", "description": "Above is an image of the Antarctic sea ice on October 6, 2015, the day on which it reached its annual maximum extent. The date is also displayed. || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_print.jpg (1024x576) [78.1 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_searchweb.png (320x180) [69.9 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Date_noAve.7768_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_1080p_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (1920x1080) [2.0 MB] || Antarctic_seaIce_max_2015_Print_wDate_noAve.7768.tif (5760x3240) [15.1 MB] || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 4355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4355/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-09-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 2015 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent", "description": "In this animation, the Earth rotates slowly as the Arctic sea ice advances over time from February 25, 2015 to September 11, 2015, when the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.2 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.8 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate.1189_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.6 MB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [2.3 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [64.0 KB] || AMSR2_seaIce_2015_wDate_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [2.6 MB] || ", "hits": 7 }, { "id": 4301, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4301/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-04-08T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2014 with Area Graph", "description": "This animation shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum with a graph overlay that depicts the area of the sea ice in millions of square kilometers. || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_print.jpg (1024x576) [129.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_searchweb.png (180x320) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_web.png (320x180) [83.9 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph.2499_thm.png (80x40) [9.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [7.5 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.4 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.key [22.3 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_4301.pptx [19.7 MB] || seaIce_1979-2014_min_wGraph_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [242 bytes] || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 4281, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4281/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-03-19T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Maximum - 2015", "description": "An animation of the Arctic sea ice from October 1, 2014 to February 25, 2015 when the ice reached its maximum annual extent. The 2015 maximum is then compared to the average 1979-2014 maximum shown in yellow. A distance indicator shows the difference between the two in the Sea of Okhotsk north of Japan. || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_searchweb.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015.2539_web.png (320x180) [77.7 KB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_720.mp4 (1280x720) [9.9 MB] || SeaIceMax_2015_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Final (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30583, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30583/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-02-13T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AXIOM-1 Sea Surface Salinity, Sea Ice Thickness and Atmospheric Precipitable Water", "description": "This animation shows sea surface sailinity, sea ice thickness, and atmospheric precipitable water. || 0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [234.1 KB] || 0001_searchweb.png (180x320) [120.0 KB] || 0001_web.png (320x180) [120.0 KB] || 0001_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || sss-1920x1080.webm (1920x1080) [16.1 MB] || axiom_salinity_h265_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [109.1 MB] || axiom_salinity_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [166.0 MB] || sss-1920x1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [976.2 MB] || sss (5760x3240) [128.0 KB] || axiom_salinity_h265_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [1.0 GB] || ocean+salinity_ice_thickness_precip_water_30583.key [983.1 MB] || ocean+salinity_ice_thickness_precip_water_30583.pptx [979.9 MB] || axiom_salinity_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [1.5 GB] || ", "hits": 62 }, { "id": 30584, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30584/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-02-13T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AXIOM-1 Ocean chlorophyll, Sea Ice Thickness and Atmospheric Precipitable Water", "description": "This animation shows ocean surface chlorophyll concentration, sea ice thickness, and atmospheric precipitable water. || 0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [236.0 KB] || 0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [121.0 KB] || 0001_web.png (320x180) [121.0 KB] || 0001_thm.png (80x40) [8.0 KB] || chl-1920x1080.webm (1920x1080) [15.9 MB] || axiom_chl_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [161.2 MB] || axiom_chl_h265_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [105.5 MB] || chl-1920x1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [889.5 MB] || chl (5760x3240) [128.0 KB] || axiom_chl_h265_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [913.8 MB] || chlorophyll_ice_thickness_precip_water_30584.key [896.4 MB] || chlorophyll_ice_thickness_precip_water_30584.pptx [893.1 MB] || axiom_chl_2304p.mp4 (4096x2304) [1.4 GB] || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 4251, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4251/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-01-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "Multiyear Arctic Ice || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_print.jpg (1024x576) [119.3 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.9 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014 (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [23.8 MB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.webm (1920x1080) [9.2 MB] || ", "hits": 116 }, { "id": 30524, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30524/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-11-03T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AXIOM-1 Sea Surface Temperature", "description": "This animation shows sea surface temperature, ice thickness, and atmospheric precipitable water. || 0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [212.3 KB] || 0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [102.5 KB] || 0001_web.png (320x180) [102.5 KB] || 0001_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || sst-1920x1080.webm (1920x1080) [41.7 MB] || sst (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || sst (5760x3240) [128.0 KB] || sst-1920x1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.3 GB] || sst_ice_thickness_precip_water_30524.key [1.3 GB] || sst_ice_thickness_precip_water_30524.pptx [1.3 GB] || sst-5760x3240.mp4 (5760x3240) [9.0 GB] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 4219, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4219/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-10-07T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Maximum Antarctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "In this animation we see the Antarctic sea ice expansion from March, 21, 2014 through September 19, 2014, the date on which the sea ice reached its maximum annual extent. Over the water, the opacity of the sea ice is determined by a running 3-day maximum of the AMSR2 sea ice concentration. The blueish white color of the sea ice is a false color derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. || ", "hits": 54 }, { "id": 11627, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11627/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2014-08-22T14:55:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Live Shot 2014", "description": "Canned Interviews and B-roll for Arctic Sea Ice 2014 live shot campaign. || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 4191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4191/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-08-15T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR2 Daily Arctic Sea Ice - 2014", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 21, 2014 through the 3rd of August, 2014. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 4131, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4131/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-24T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 1979-2013 with Area Graph", "description": "Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice since 1979. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather begins to cause ice cover to increase. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and sea ice area. This graph displays the area of the minimum sea ice coverage each year from 1979 through 2013. In 2013, the Arctic minimum sea ice covered an area of 4.704 million square kilometers. This visualization shows the expanse of the annual minimum Arctic sea ice for each year from 1979 to 2013 as derived from SSMI data. A semi-transparent graph overlay shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The date shown in the upper right corner indicates the current year being displayed. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3885, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3885/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-11-29T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Components of the Cryosphere", "description": "This high resolution image, designed for the Fifth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, shows the extent of the regions affected by components of the cryosphere around the world. Over land, continuous permafrost is shown in a dark pink while discontinuous permafrost is shown in a lighter shade of pink. Over much of the northern hemisphere's land area, a semi-transparent white veil depicts the regions that are affected by snowfall at least one day during the perion 2000-2012. The bright green line along the southern border of this region shows the maximum snow extent while a black line across the North America, Europe and Asia shows the 50% snow extent line. Glaciers are shown as small golden dots in mountainous areas and in the far northern and southern latitudes. Over the water, ice shelves are shown around Antarctica along with sea ice surrounding the ice shelves. Sea ice is also shown at the North Pole, where the 30 year average sea ice extent is shown by a yellow outline. In addition, the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica are clearly visible. || ", "hits": 100 }, { "id": 4104, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4104/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-09-20T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "2013 Daily Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR2: May - September 2013", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In 2013, the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum of 5.1 million square kilometers on September 13, 2013 using a 5-day trailing average. NASA scientists independently determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent of 5.217 million square kilometers on September 12 using a 5-day running average. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through the minimum area of coverage for 2013. Two movies are provided: one stopping on September 12 and one that continues to September 13. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 4096, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4096/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-08-22T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Summer Arctic Sea Ice Retreat: May - August 2013", "description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through August 15, 2013. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 4052, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4052/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-04-03T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Daily Sea Ice Concentration from March 2012 to February 2013", "description": "This animation shows the seasonal change in the extent of the Arctic sea ice between March 1, 2012 and February 28, 2013. The annual cycle starts with the maximum extent reached on March 15, 2012. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to its minimum extent before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This new ice generated on an annual basis is called \"first-year\" ice and is thinner than the older sea ice. The perennial ice is the portion of the ice cap that spans multiple years and represents its thickest component. On September 13, 2012, the sea ice minimum covered 3.439 million square kilometers, that is down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The annual maximum extent for 2013 reached on February 28 reached an extent of 15.09 million square kilometers. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 3813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3813/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice for the Dynamic Earth Dome Show", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. This animation first shows the advance and retreat of the Arctic sea ice followed by same for the Antarctic sea ice. The sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. The animation ends by flying over the Antarctic Peninsula.This was created for a planetarium dome show called Dynamic Earth and is produced in 'domemaster format'. The domemaster format was created by rendering 7 separate 2048x2048 camera tiles. The tiles were then stitched together to form final domemaster at 4096x4096 resolution. Both the tiles and the domemaster were rendered with 16 bits per channel with no gamma correction. Two domemaster layers were generated for this animation: the Earth showing sea ice advancing or retreating rendered with transparency and the star background without transparency.This visualization was shown in the \"VR Village\" at SIGGRAPH 2015. || ", "hits": 72 }, { "id": 3991, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3991/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2012 (SSMI data) with Graph", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the area covered by the summer sea ice is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows the annual September minimum sea ice area in the background and a graph of the ice area values foreground. The ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2012. A semi-transparent graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The '1979', '2007', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph.For high resolution still images of the 1979 and 2012 September sea ice minimum, see visualization #3998. || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 3992, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3992/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012 with Winds", "description": "Early in the month of August, 2012, storms in the Arctic affected the motion of the sea ice north of Siberia and Alaska. This animation shows the motion of the winds over the Arctic in conjunction with seasonal melting of the Arctic sea ice from August 1 through September 13, 2012, when the NASA scientists determined that the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. The surface winds, shown my moving arrows, are colored by the velocity. Slower winds are shown in blue, medium in green and the fast winds are shown in red.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3998, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3998/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "September Arctic Minimum Arctic Sea Ice 2012", "description": "These images show the Arctic sea ice in September 2012 when it reached the smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center(NSIDC). Scientists at the NSIDC who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average identified September 16 as the lowest day. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th, although there is little difference between the two days. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. This year, according to NASA scientists, the area covered 3.439 million square kilometers, down by more than 3.571 million square kilometers from the high of 7.011 million square kilometers measured in 1980. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline.The sea ice has a slightly different coloration in the last three groups of images below. In the first four groups, the color of the sea ice has a pale blue tint. In the final three groups, the sea ice is shown in white. || ", "hits": 62 }, { "id": 3977, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3977/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-08-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice on August 26, 2012", "description": "This visualization shows the extent of Arctic sea ice on Aug. 26, 2012, the day the sea ice dipped to its smallest extent ever recorded in more than three decades of satellite measurements, according to scientists from NASA and the National Snow and Ice Data Center. The data is from the U.S. Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Special Sensor Microwave/Imager. The line on the image shows the average minimum extent from the period covering 1979-2010, as measured by satellites. Every summer the Arctic ice cap melts down to what scientists call its \"minimum\" before colder weather builds the ice cover back up. The size of this minimum remains in a long-term decline. The extent on Aug. 26. 2012 broke the previous record set on Sept. 18, 2007. But the 2012 melt season could still continue for several weeks. || ", "hits": 79 }, { "id": 30005, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30005/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2012-07-17T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Sea Ice", "description": "Montage of September sea ice minimum in the Arctic Ocean from 2003 to 2011. || amsre_sept_seaice_2003-2011_print.jpg (1024x575) [145.3 KB] || amsre_sept_seaice_2003-2011.png (4104x2304) [2.3 MB] || amsre_sept_seaice_2003-2011_web.jpg (319x179) [50.4 KB] || amsre_sept_seaice_2003-2011_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || amsre_sept_seaice_2003-2011_web_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [22.8 KB] || bigimage-e_seaice_arctic_amsre_sept.hwshow [222 bytes] || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3915, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3915/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-24T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.This visualization shows the perennial Arctic sea ice from 1980 to 2012. This is not the sea ice minimum, which occurs in September each year. This measures the perennial sea ice that survives the summer and thus exists for longer than a one-year time span. The measurement for this sea ice was taken during the months of November, December and January each year. The date assigned to the data point is the year of the last measurement (January). The grey disk at the North Pole indicates the region where no satellite data is collected. A graph overlay shows the area's size measured in million square kilometers for each year. The '1980','2008', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 365 }, { "id": 3916, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3916/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.These still images show a comparison of the perennial Arctic sea ice and the first-year sea ice in 1980, 2008 and 2012. The bright white central mass shows the perennial sea ice while the larger light blue area shows the full extent of the winter sea ice including the average annual sea ice during the months of November, December and January. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 3893, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3893/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-12-02T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2011 (SSMI data)", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the area covered by the summer sea ice is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows the annual September minimum sea ice area in the background and a graph of the ice area values foreground. The ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2011. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The '1979','2007', and '2011' data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 3853, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3853/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 4, 2009 through January 30, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3854, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3854/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Antarctic sea ice progresses through time from May 26, 2009 through July 31, 2010. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. The Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA) is a data product funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and jointly produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 3862, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3862/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Antarctica is a land mass surrounded by an ocean which allows the sea ice here to move more freely than it does in the Northern Hemisphere. Because there are no surrounding continents to limit its movement, the sea ice is free to float northward into warmer waters where it eventually melts. As a result, almost all of the sea ice that forms during the Antarctic winter melts during the summer. During the winter, up to 18 million square kilometers (6.9 million square miles) of ocean is covered by sea ice, but by the end of summer, only about 3 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) of sea ice remain. Antarctic sea ice extent are characterized by fairly large variations from year to year. The monthly average extent can vary by as much as 1 million square kilometers (386,102 square miles) from the year-to-year monthly average. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color in this animation of sea ice surrounding the South Pole is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. The sea ice extent shown is generated using a three day moving average where the daily sea ice concentration is at least 15%. This animation portrays the changes in the sea ice from May 26, 2009 through July 29, 2010. || ", "hits": 391 }, { "id": 3824, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3824/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2010 to March 2011", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from the 2010 minimum which occurred on September 17 through March 16, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3802, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3802/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-11-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2010 (SSMI data)", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the extent of the summer sea ice cover is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the extent of the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows ice extent in the background and ice area in the foreground. Ice extent is defined here as the integrated sum of the areas of data elements (pixels) with at least 15% ice concentration while ice area is the integrated sum of the products of the area of each pixel and the corresponding ice concentration. Ice extent provides information about how far south (or north) the ice extends in winter and how far north (or south) it retreats toward the continent in the summer while the ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008 In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice flows. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade.This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2010. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The 1979, 2007, and 2010 data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 3767, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3767/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 31, 2010 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its maximum extent, through September 19, 2010, when it was at its minimum. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 3698, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3698/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2009 to March 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 1, 2009 when sea ice in the Arctic was near its minimum extent, through March 30, 2010. The animation plays at a rate of six frames per day or ten days per second. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 10493, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10493/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2009-10-06T09:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice 101", "description": "A fast-paced interview with NASA climate scientist Tom Wagner, where he provides a look at the state of Arctic sea ice in 2009 and discusses NASA's role in monitoring the cryosphere.For complete transcript, click here. || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube.00002_print.jpg (1024x576) [68.3 KB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube_web.png (320x180) [197.0 KB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube_thm.png (80x40) [16.9 KB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_appletv.webmhd.webm (960x540) [63.7 MB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube.mov (1280x720) [61.4 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_appletv.m4v (960x540) [156.0 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_h264.mov (1280x720) [133.7 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_ipod.m4v (640x360) [52.3 MB] || ", "hits": 80 }, { "id": 10492, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10492/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2009-10-05T02:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Conceptual Animation", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. Each winter existing sea ice thickens and new, thinner ice is formed. This conceptual animation shows a cut-away view of the seasonal advance and retreat of Arctic sea ice, demonstrating the current trend toward a thinning ice pack, with less of the thicker multi-year ice surviving each summer's melt. || seaIce_therm_30fps.00002_print.jpg (1024x576) [81.8 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps_web.png (320x180) [212.7 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps_thm.png (80x40) [16.6 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps.webmhd.webm (960x540) [9.3 MB] || seaIce_therm_30fps.mov (1280x720) [169.8 MB] || ", "hits": 68 }, { "id": 3631, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3631/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-09-07T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice - Summer 2009", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.Duing the summer of 2009, the arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent on September 12th. The 2009 minimum extent was the third lowest extent measured since the beginning of the satellite record in 1979. This animation shows the summer retreat of sea ice over the Arctic from 7/1/2009 through 9/12/2009. The sea ice was defined by a 3-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, showing the region where the sea ice concentration was greater than 15%. The false color of the sea ice was derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km brightness temperature. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3619, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3619/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-09-01T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Tour of the Cryosphere 2009", "description": "The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. In these regions, surface temperatures remain below freezing for a portion of each year. Since ice and snow exist relatively close to their melting point, they frequently change from solid to liquid and back again due to fluctuations in surface temperature. Although direct measurements of the cryosphere can be difficult to obtain due to the remote locations of many of these areas, using satellite observations scientists monitor changes in the global and regional climate by observing how regions of the Earth's cryosphere shrink and expand.This animation portrays fluctuations in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of satellite-based sensors. The animation begins in Antarctica, showing some unique features of the Antarctic landscape found nowhere else on earth. Ice shelves, ice streams, glaciers, and the formation of massive icebergs can be seen clearly in the flyover of the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica. A time series shows the movement of iceberg B15A, an iceberg 295 kilometers in length which broke off of the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. Moving farther along the coastline, a time series of the Larsen ice shelf shows the collapse of over 3,200 square kilometers ice since January 2002. As we depart from the Antarctic, we see the seasonal change of sea ice and how it nearly doubles the apparent area of the continent during the winter.From Antarctica, the animation travels over South America showing glacier locations on this mostly tropical continent. We then move further north to observe daily changes in snow cover over the North American continent. The clouds show winter storms moving across the United States and Canada, leaving trails of snow cover behind. In a close-up view of the western US, we compare the difference in land cover between two years: 2003 when the region received a normal amount of snow and 2002 when little snow was accumulated. The difference in the surrounding vegetation due to the lack of spring melt water from the mountain snow pack is evident.As the animation moves from the western US to the Arctic region, the areas affected by permafrost are visible. As time marches forward from March to September, the daily snow and sea ice recede and reveal the vast areas of permafrost surrounding the Arctic Ocean.The animation shows a one-year cycle of Arctic sea ice followed by the mean September minimum sea ice for each year from 1979 through 2008. The superimposed graph of the area of Arctic sea ice at this minimum clearly shows the dramatic decrease in Artic sea ice over the last few years.While moving from the Arctic to Greenland, the animation shows the constant motion of the Arctic polar ice using daily measures of sea ice activity. Sea ice flows from the Arctic into Baffin Bay as the seasonal ice expands southward. As we draw close to the Greenland coast, the animation shows the recent changes in the Jakobshavn glacier. Although Jakobshavn receded only slightly from 1964 to 2001, the animation shows significant recession from 2001 through 2009. As the animation pulls out from Jakobshavn, the effect of the increased flow rate of Greenland costal glaciers is shown by the thinning ice shelf regions near the Greenland coast.This animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website.Note: This animation is an update of the animation 'A Short Tour of the Cryosphere', which is itself an abridged version of the animation 'A Tour of the Cryosphere'. The popularity of the earlier animations and their continuing relevance prompted us to update the datasets in parts of the animation and to remake it in high definition. In certain cases, our experiences in using the earlier work have led us to tweak the presentation of some of the material to make it clearer. Our thanks to Dr. Robert Bindschadler for suggesting and supporting this remake. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 3579, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3579/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-02-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This animation shows how the seasonal global sea ice has changed from day to day since 2002, when the Aqua satellite was launched. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature and sea ice concentration near the poles. This sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall, because it is not very sensitive to atmospheric effects. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge identifies areas containing at least 15% ice concentration in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.This sequence shows the daily global sea ice over both the Arctic and Antarctic on a Cartesian grid from June 21, 2002 through December 31, 2008 at a frame rate of four frames per day. On days when data is not available, the prior or following day's data is used. Periods when data was absent for several consecutive days include: 2002/07/29 through 2002/08/08, 2002/09/11 through 2002/09/20, and 2003/10/29 through 2003/11/03. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3573, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3573/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-01-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "September 2007 Arctic Sea Ice vs 1979-2007 Average with Graph of 1979 to 2008 Ice Areas", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.This image compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum area on September 14, 2007 and the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. A graph inset in the top left corner shows the decline in annual sea ice area from 1979 through 2008. || ", "hits": 98 }, { "id": 3571, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3571/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This is a modification of animation ID #3404 : Global Rotation showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice, which only covered a one-year time period.For a 3D stereo version of this visualization, please visit animation entry: #3578: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3578, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3578/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry: #3571: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accomodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3481, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3481/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-11-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Minimum Sea Ice Comparison: 2005, 2007 and the 1979-2007 Average for Science On a Sphere (SOS)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry. A full global version of this animation was developed for a Science On a Sphere exhibit. The animation is shown on a plane with a geographic (lat/lon) projection, but has been rotated 90 degrees so that the Arctic is in the center of the image. The animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. Both years are compared with the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 3508, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3508/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Minimum Sea Ice from 1979 - 2008 designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left, called the perennial ice cover, consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2008 on a Cartesian grid with a transparent background for use in Science On a Sphere and WMS. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3563, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3563/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum with Graph Overlay 1979-2008", "description": "The continued significant reduction in the extent of the summer sea ice cover is a dramatic illustration of the pronounced impact increased global temperatures are having on the Arctic regions. There has also been a significant reduction in the relative amount of older, thicker ice. Satellite-based passive microwave images of the sea ice cover have provided a reliable tool for continuously monitoring changes in the extent of the Arctic ice cover since 1979. The ice parameters derived from satellite ice concentration data that are most relevant to climate change studies are sea ice extent and ice area. This visualization shows ice extent in the background and ice area in the foreground. Ice extent is defined here as the integrated sum of the areas of data elements (pixels) with at least 15% ice concentration while ice area is the integrated sum of the products of the area of each pixel and the corresponding ice concentration. Ice extent provides information about how far south (or north) the ice extends in winter and how far north (or south) it retreats toward the continent in the summer while the ice area provides the total area actually covered by sea ice which is useful for estimating the total volume and therefore mass, given the average ice thickness. For more information about these ice datasets, see The Journal of Geophysical Research VOL. 113, C02S07, doi:10.1029/2007JC004257, 2008 || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3556, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3556/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuous motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008, from January 1 through September 14, the week during which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 3552, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3552/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Yearly Antarctic Sea Ice Minima from 1979 through 2008", "description": "This visualization shows Antarctic sea ice minima from 1979 through 2008. Near the end of each southern hemisphere summer (usually in February), the Antarctic sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3561, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3561/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Close view of 2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge identifies areas containing at least 15% ice concentration in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuos motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008 up to the point at which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3547, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3547/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2008 (using SSMI data)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.This visualization shows Artic sea ice from July 1, 2008 through Septemeber 14, 2008 based on the DMSP/SSMI instrument. The minimum Arctic sea ice extent occurred the week of September 12, 2008, when the extent was 4.52 million sq km (1.74 million sq miles). || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3498, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3498/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-04-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice Yearly Maximum from 2003 through 2009", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its maximum extent at the end of each winter, generally in February or March. This series of images of the yearly sea ice maximum extent depicts data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite. The false color in these images of sea ice is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3497, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3497/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-03-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Antarctica is a land mass surrounded by an ocean which allows the sea ice here to move more freely than it does in the Northern Hemisphere. Because there are no surrounding continents to limit its movement, the sea ice is free to float northward into warmer waters where it eventually melts. As a result, almost all of the sea ice that forms during the Antarctic winter melts during the summer. During the winter, up to 18 million square kilometers (6.9 million square miles) of ocean is covered by sea ice, but by the end of summer, only about 3 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) of sea ice remain. Both Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent are characterized by fairly large variations from year to year. The monthly average extent can vary by as much as 1 million square kilometers (386,102 square miles) from the year-to-year monthly average. The area covered by Antarctic sea ice has shown a small increasing trend.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color in this animation of sea ice surrounding the South Pole is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. The sea ice extent shown is generated using a three day moving average where the daily sea ice concentration is at least 15%. This animation progresses at a rate of four frames per day from June 4, 2005 through November 18, 2005. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 3507, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3507/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2005 Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic derived from AMSR-E (WMS and Science On a Sphere)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This series shows the global sea ice throughout 2005, when the maximum extent occurred on March 7th and the minimum extent occurred on September 21st. Here global data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite is shown on a Cartesian grid. The false color in these images is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 3564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3564/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This animation shows how the seasonal global sea ice has changed from day to day in both the northern and southern hemisphere since 2002, when the Aqua satellite was launched.This series shows the daily global sea ice over both the Arctic and Antarctic from June 21, 2002 through September 22, 2008. Global data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite is shown on a Cartesian grid. The sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration where the ice concentration is above 15%. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3474, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3474/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-25T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Minimum Sea Ice Comparison: 2005, 2007 and the 1979-2007 Average", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.A full global version of this animation was initially developed for a Science On a Sphere exhibit. A smaller subset is shown here focusing on the Arctic region. The animation is shown on a plane with a geographic (lat/lon) projection, but has been rotated 90 degrees so that the Arctic is in the center of the image. The animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. Both years are compared with the 1979-2007 average minimum sea ice. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 3470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3470/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice Between 2005 and 2007 - Split Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.This animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. With a split screen, the area of the melted region is compared with the size of the state of California. || ", "hits": 24 }, { "id": 3467, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3467/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Updated Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Retreat from 2001 through 2006 with Blue/White Elevation Change over Greenland", "description": "Since measurements of Jakobshavn Isbrae were first taken in 1850, the glacier gradually receded until about 1950, where it remained stable for the past 5 decades. However, from 1997 to 2006, the glacier has begun to recede again, this time almost doubling in speed. The finding is important for many reasons. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, ocean sea levels raise. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. This animation shows the glacier's flow in 2000, along with changes in the glacier's calving front between 2001 and 2006.This animation is an update of, and extension to, animation IDs #3374 and #3434.In this version, the pause on the approach to the Jakobshavn glacier where the meltwater lakes on the Greenland ice sheet are visible is shortened. In addition, the colors showing regions of elevation increase and decrease over the Greenland ice sheet are modified. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3469/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice between 2005 and 2007 - Full Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.In this animation, the 2005 sea ice minimum extent is initially shown over the Arctic. As the 2005 minimum sea ice fades to orange, the 2007 minimum extent comes into view. The state of California, shown in green, is placed in the melt region for a comparison of the size difference between the two years.. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 3466, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3466/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Greenland in Foreground", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3464, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3464/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Ice Yearly Minimum 1979-2007", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left is what is called the perennial ice cover which consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry as new shipping lanes open.This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2007. A graph is overlaid that shows the area in million square kilometers for each year's minimum day. The previous record and the 2007 record are highlighted. || ", "hits": 156 } ] }