{
    "count": 10,
    "next": null,
    "previous": null,
    "results": [
        {
            "id": 11607,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11607/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-09-08T16:35:00-04:00",
            "title": "10 Years of Aura Legacy",
            "description": "The Aura atmospheric chemistry satellite celebrates its 10th anniversary in July, 2014.  Since its launch in 2004, Aura has monitored the Earth's atmosphere and provided data on the ozone layer, air quality, and greenhouse gases associated with climate change. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 3492,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3492/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-03-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Atlantic Transport of Anthropogenic Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)  in 2003",
            "description": "In a new NASA study, researchers taking advantage of improvements in satellite sensor capabilities offer the first measurement-based estimate of the amount of pollution. The new measurements from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument on NASA's Terra satellite substantiate the results of previous model-based studies, and are the most extensive to date. Hongbin Yu, an associate research scientist of the University of Maryland Baltimore County working at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., grew up in China and taught there as a university professor, , where he witnessed first-hand and studied how pollution from nearby power plants affected the local environment. Yu points out, however, that the matter of pollution transport is a global one. \"Our study focused on East Asian pollution transport, but pollution also flows from Europe, North America, the broader Asian region and elsewhere, across bodies of water and land, to neighboring areas and beyond,\" he said. \"So we should not simply blame East Asia for this amount of pollution flowing into North America.\" In fact, a recent model study conducted by Mian Chin, co-author of this study and an atmospheric scientist at NASA Goddard suggests that European pollution also makes significant contribution to the pollution inflow to North America. \"Satellite instruments give us the ability to capture finer measurements, on a nearly daily basis across a broader geographic region and across a longer time frame so that the overall result is a better estimate than any other measurement method we've had in the past,\" said study co-author Lorraine Remer, a physical scientist and member of the MODIS science team at NASA Goddard. The MODIS instrument can distinguish between broad categories of particles in the air, and observes Earth's entire surface every one to two days, enabling it to monitor movement of the East Asian pollution aerosols as they rise into the lower troposphere, the area of the atmosphere where we live and breathe, and make their way across the Pacific and up into the middle and upper regions of the troposphere. Remer added that the research team also found that pollution movements fluctuate during the year, with the East Asian airstream carrying its largest \"load\" in spring and smallest in summer. The most extensive East Asian export of pollution across the Pacific took place in 2003, triggered by record-breaking wildfires across vast forests of East Asia and Russia. Notably, the pollution aerosols also travel across the ocean quickly, journeying into the atmosphere above North American in as little as one week. \"We cannot determine at what level of elevation in the atmosphere the pollution ends up once it crosses over to North America, so we do not have a way in this study to assess what actual impact it has on air quality here,\" said Remer. \"Nevertheless, we realize there is indeed impact. For example, particles like these have been linked to regional weather and climate effects. Since pollution transport is such a broad global issue, it is important moving forward to extend this kind of study to other regions, to see how much pollution is migrating from its source regions to others, when, and how fast,\" said Remer. || ",
            "hits": 16
        },
        {
            "id": 3491,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3491/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-03-13T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Pacific Anthropogenic Aerosol Optical Depth (AOD)  in 2003",
            "description": "According to measurements taken with a satellite instrument, vast quantities of industrial aerosols and smoke from biomass burning in East Asia and Russia are traveling from one side of the globe to another. Explosive economic growth in Asia has profound implications for the atmosphere worldwide. Data collected by a NASA satellite shows a dense blanket of polluted air over the Northwestern Pacific. This brown cloud is a toxic mix of ash, acids, and airborne particles from car and factory emissions, as well as from low-tech polluters like coal-burning stoves and from forest fires. This image generated by data from NASA's instrument called MODIS (Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) onboard the Terra satellite demonstrates how large and pervasive this transport phenomenon is across vast areas. China's exports fill shelves around the world, but according to a new NASA research paper, China also heavily exports pollution. This week, space agency scientists reveal how Chinese industrialization and Russian forest fires in combination with pollution transported eastward from Europe send roughly 18 teragrams - almost 40 billion pounds-of pollution aerosols into the atmosphere over the Northwestern Pacific every year. The MODIS instrument on NASA's Terra satellite has been tracking the particulate pollution for more than seven years, gathering data as most of it drifted east across the Pacific Ocean. About 4.5 teragrams of particulate pollution each year could reach the western boundary of North America, which is about 15% of local emissions of particulate pollutants from the U.S. and Canada. In the last two decades, China has more than doubled its pollution production. This boom may be contributing to substantial changes in climate and weather in places far from the origin of the particulates. Never in human history-anywhere-has there been industrial growth like that in modern China. But with fast growth comes unintended consequences, and from space evidence of those consequences is starting to emerge. The research relies on measurements of something called \"aerosol optical thickness\". It's a quantitative measurement about how well a slice of atmosphere transmits light. The greater the value of optical thickness for a given location, the less light of a particular wavelength can pass through it. Measurements of aerosol optical thickness describe quantities of tiny particles in a given volume. By measuring how much light can penetrate a region of atmosphere across a variety of wavelengths, scientists can make certain inferences about the quantity and type of particles blocking that light. This visualization shows the seasonal variations of transport of pollution aerosols across the North Pacific. The East Asian airstream carries its largest pollution loading in spring and smallest in summer and fall. With heavy concentrations of aerosols represented by shades of brown, scientists can track the origins and distribution of the particles as they travel in the atmosphere. The sequence also shows a trail of substantial aerosol concentrations from a variety of sources. These sources include heavy industrial activity in East Asia associated with high population density represented in this sequence by gradations of black covering the land surface, and intense Russian forest fires in high latitudes. || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 2998,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2998/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-09-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MODIS Data May Aid EPA Air Quality Predictions (Wide)",
            "description": "This visualization shows how MODIS data from NASA's Terra and Aqua spacecraft may be able to help EPA in producing air quality index forecasts.Currently, most air quality forecasts are generated from ground based measuring stations; however, these stations generally only exist in heavily populated areas. MODIS data may help EPA provide air quality forcasts over much wider areas and with higher accuracy. In this visualization, the EPA air quality data shows as the thin colored boxes sticking out from the surface. The MODIS data is represented by the colored overlay. An event that began over the northwestern US in September 2003 is shown propagating across the US and into the Midwest. Notice that the movement of the air mass is evident only from the MODIS data.This version of the animation shows a narrow view of the US. This animation was inspired by a similar animation created at the Langley Research Center. || ",
            "hits": 18
        },
        {
            "id": 2999,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2999/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-09-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "MODIS Data May Aid EPA Air Quality Predictions (Tight)",
            "description": "This visualization shows how MODIS data from NASA's Terra and Aqua spacecraft may be able to help EPA in producing air quality index forecasts.Currently, most air quality forecasts are generated from ground based measuring stations; however, these stations generally only exist in heavily populated areas. MODIS data may help EPA provide air quality forcasts over much wider areas and with higher accuracy. In this visualization, the EPA air quality data shows as the thin colored boxes sticking out from the surface. The MODIS data is represented by the colored overlay. An event that began over the northwestern US in September 2003 is shown propagating across the US and into the Midwest. Notice that the movement of the air mass is evident only from the MODIS data.This version of the animation shows a narrow view of the US. This animation was inspired by a similar animation created at the Langley Research Center. || ",
            "hits": 17
        },
        {
            "id": 2957,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2957/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-06-28T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "China Dust Storm Pollutes Air in the Eastern United States in April 2001 (Flatmap)",
            "description": "A large dust storm develops over China on April 6 and 7, 2001. This animation shows the dust moving over China, Russia, Japan, the Pacific Ocean, and Canada, settling over the United States. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 2956,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2956/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-06-14T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "China Dust Storm during April 2001 (WMS)",
            "description": "A major dust storm occurred in April 2001 over parts of China and Mongolia. Dust from this storm was transported all the way to the coast of the United States.  Although dust from the Sahara Desert is routinely transported across the Atlantic to the east coast of the United States, Asian dust rarely makes the distance across the Pacific to the west coast.  These airborne microscopic dust and smoke particles, or aerosols, were measured by the TOMS instrument on the Earth Probe satellite.  For governments struggling to meet national air quality standards, knowing more about the sources and movement of pollution across national borders has become an important issue. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 2943,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2943/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-05-17T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Canadian Smoke Invades the East Coast",
            "description": "Smoke from multiple large wildfires in Canada blanketed the Great Lakes and eastern United States. The enormous smoke plume was almost 200 miles wide. The thick pall affected air quality from New York, to Baltimore, and Washington, D.C. and blocked the sunlight cooling the East Coast. The first image was taken by the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) on the Terra satellite on July 7, 2002. The second image comes from NASA's Total Ozone Mapping Spectrometer (TOMS) on the Earth Probe Satellite. || ",
            "hits": 22
        },
        {
            "id": 2900,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2900/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2004-02-12T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Atmospheric Carbon Monoxide in 2000 (WMS)",
            "description": "This visualization shows global carbon monoxide concentrations at the 500 millibar altitude in the atmosphere from March 1, 2000 through December 31, 2000. Areas in red have 200 parts per billion of carbon monoxide or more at that altitude (around 5,500 meters), while areas in blue are 50 parts per billion or less. Carbon monoxide is an atmospheric pollutant and the highest concentrations come from grassland and forest fires in Africa and South America, although there is evidence that industrial sources may also be a factor. Atmospheric circulation rapidly moves the carbon monoxide to other parts of the world once it has reached this altitude. This data was measured by the MOPITT instrument on the Terra satellite. || ",
            "hits": 34
        },
        {
            "id": 2858,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2858/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2003-11-24T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "California Fires MODIS imagery and TOMS Aerosols from October 2003",
            "description": "This animation sequences through the MODIS imagery of the devastating Californian fires from October 23, 2003 through October 29, 2003. Then the animation resets to October 23, 2003 and zooms out to see the TOMS aerosol sequence. It clearly shows that the California fires had an impact on air quality as far east as Maine. || ",
            "hits": 12
        }
    ]
}