{ "count": 112, "next": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/api/search/?keywords=Ocean+Temperature&limit=100&offset=100", "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 5515, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5515/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2025-03-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2024 Atlantic Hurricane Season (Vertical Mode)", "description": "Example composite of how this data visualization might be used on a vertical display. || hurr2024_vert_comp.1000_print.jpg (1024x1820) [651.3 KB] || hurr2024_vert_comp.1000_searchweb.png (320x180) [111.5 KB] || hurr2024_vert_comp.mp4 (1080x1920) [239.3 MB] || composite [0 Item(s)] || hurr2024_vert_comp.1000_thm.png [7.6 KB] ||", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 5213, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5213/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2024-08-14T15:00:00-04:00", "title": "Changes in the Atmosphere and Ocean During a Transition From La Niña to El Niño", "description": "This is the final version of the ENSO visualization with narration. There are HD and 4k versions available as mp4s. There is also a high quality 4k version which is very large (3.8 Gbytes). Other non-narrated formats including individual frames are available below this entry.This movie is also available on youtube here:https://youtu.be/jK20dl3g9R8?si=38LHf1e0iIzrfhRQlink || ENSO_99_final_4k.01200_print.jpg (1024x576) [82.0 KB] || ENSO_Locked_Final_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [155.7 MB] || ENSO_Final_Audio.en_US.srt [8.6 KB] || ENSO_Final_Audio.en_US.vtt [8.7 KB] || ENSO_Locked_Final_2160.mp4 (3840x2160) [184.8 MB] || ENSO_Locked_Final_2160_HIGH_QUAL.mp4 (3840x2160) [3.7 GB] || ENSO_Locked_Final_2160.mp4.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 294 }, { "id": 5305, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5305/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2024-07-02T08:00:00-04:00", "title": "2023 Atlantic Hurricane Season", "description": "The 2023 Atlantic Hurricane Season from June 1st through October 31st. The colors over the ocean are Sea Surface Temperatures where reds are high temperatures and blues are low. The colors underneath the clouds are precipitation measurements, where red is high and greens are low. Each hurricane name tracks with it's corresponding storm and leaves behind category designations (TD=Tropical Depression; TS=Tropical Storm; and 1 through 5 are hurricane strengths) as each storm increases and decreases in strength. || hurr2023_v34_ALL_2024-06-26_1103.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [234.5 KB] || hurr2023_v34_ALL_2024-06-26_1103.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [101.0 KB] || hurr2023_v34_ALL_2024-06-26_1103.00001_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || hurr2023_v34_ALL_2024-06-26_1103_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [44.7 MB] || All_Data_in_HD [0 Item(s)] || hurr2023_v34_ALL_2024-06-26_1103_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [739.1 MB] || ALL_Data_in_UHD [0 Item(s)] || hurr2023_v34_ALL_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [2.3 GB] || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 5176, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5176/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2023-10-16T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature (SST) Anomaly - Near Real Time", "description": "An equirectangular view of sea surface temperature (SST) anomaly data for the past two and half years, updated daily to include the latest available data. || sst_mur_anomaly_print.jpg (1024x512) [246.1 KB] || sst_mur_anomaly_searchweb.png (320x180) [101.7 KB] || sst_mur_anomaly_20231014_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || sst_mur_anomaly (4096x2048) [0 Item(s)] || sst_anomaly_30_sec_4096x2048_2x1_30p.mp4 (4096x2048) [338.0 MB] ||", "hits": 151 }, { "id": 30847, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30847/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2023-06-23T01:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Oceanic Niño Index", "description": "Animated plot of the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) from 1950-2023, with significant El Niño events labeled. || ONI_1950-2023_202304_print.jpg (1024x576) [81.1 KB] || ONI_1950-2023_202304_searchweb.png (320x180) [32.0 KB] || ONI_1950-2023_202304_thm.png (80x40) [10.1 KB] || ONI_1950-2023_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [2.4 MB] || ONI_1950-2023_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [3.4 MB] || ONI_1950-2023_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [6.1 MB] || ONI_1950-2023_202304.tif (3840x2160) [719.7 KB] || ONI_1950-2023 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 1019 }, { "id": 5111, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5111/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2023-06-16T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Increase in Ocean Heat since 1957 Map - Spilhaus Projection", "description": "A graph of changes in ocean heat content since 1957 overlaying a Spilhaus projection map highlighting the world’s oceans. || oceans_spilhaus_map2160.png (2160x2160) [2.2 MB] || oceans_spilhaus_map2160_print.jpg (1024x1024) [151.3 KB] || oceans_spilhaus_map2160_searchweb.png (320x180) [62.9 KB] || oceans_spilhaus_map2160_thm.png (80x40) [5.4 KB] || ", "hits": 68 }, { "id": 5101, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5101/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2023-05-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature (SST) - Near Real Time", "description": "An equirectangular view of sea surface temperature (SST) data for the past two and half years, updated daily to include the latest available data. || sst_mur_print.jpg (1024x512) [142.4 KB] || sst_mur_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.8 KB] || sst_mur_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || sst_mur (4096x2048) [0 Item(s)] || sst_30_sec_4096x2048_2x1_30p.mp4 (4096x2048) [78.0 MB] || slide-01.hwshow [504 bytes] ||", "hits": 236 }, { "id": 5097, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5097/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2023-04-19T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2022 Hurricane Season", "description": "2022 Atlantic hurricane season. || hurr2022_v6.8800_print.jpg (1024x1024) [452.1 KB] || hurr2022_v6.8800_searchweb.png (320x180) [126.2 KB] || hurr2022_v6.8800_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || 2160x2160_1x1_30p (2160x2160) [0 Item(s)] || hurr2022_v6_2160p30.webm (2160x2160) [107.7 MB] || hurr2022_v6_2160p30.mp4 (2160x2160) [1.4 GB] || ", "hits": 69 }, { "id": 14242, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14242/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2022-11-14T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "A Month at Sea: Scientists Prepare to Set Sail for NASA’s S-MODE Mission\u2028", "description": "Complete transcript available. || Thumbnail_1.jpg (2482x1396) [783.2 KB] || S-MODE_FInal_Lock.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [289.4 KB] || S-MODE_FInal_Lock.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [136.7 KB] || S-MODE_FInal_Lock.00001_web.png (320x180) [136.7 KB] || S-MODE_FInal_Lock.webm (1920x1080) [48.0 MB] || Transcript_2_otter_ai.en_US.srt [7.3 KB] || Transcript_2_otter_ai.en_US.vtt [7.3 KB] || S-MODE_FInal_Lock.mp4 (1920x1080) [874.1 MB] || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 4971, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4971/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-06-07T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monitoring Changing Waters using the Gulf of Maine Atlantic Time Series (GNATS)", "description": "Visualization of 20 years of data from the Gulf of Maine North Atlantic Time Series (GNATS). The data shown are temperatures at the water's surface and below the surface. Satellite based sea surface temperatures are also shown. This version does not include date or color bar overlays. || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458.02970_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.8 KB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458.02970_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458.02970_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.4 KB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458.02970_web.png (320x180) [73.4 KB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458_1080p29.97.mp4 (1920x1080) [76.4 MB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458_1080p29.97.webm (1920x1080) [12.0 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_60p (3840x2160) [1.0 MB] || 9600x3240_16x9_30p (9600x3240) [1.0 MB] || ship_tracks.00341_FINAL_RfH24.3_H19_2022-02-23_1458_2160p59.94.mp4 (3840x2160) [249.3 MB] || preview_5x3_hyperwall_gulf_of_maine.mp4 (2400x810) [129.1 MB] || ", "hits": 72 }, { "id": 4982, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4982/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-04-21T09:00:00-04:00", "title": "Complete 2021 Hurricane Season", "description": "This special version of the 2021 Hurricane Season data visualization uses all the below layers to show the entire 2021 Hurricane Season, but elements of it were sped up in post production to accelerate the data when no hurricanes are present. This provides the viewer with a more compact experience that focuses exclusively on the hurricanes. || hurr2021_comp5speed_2160p30.04733_print.jpg (1024x576) [248.6 KB] || hurr2021_speedComp7_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [437.0 MB] || Sample_Speed_Composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || hurr2021_speedComp7.webm (3840x2160) [91.3 MB] || hurr2021_speedComp7.mp4 (3840x2160) [197.5 MB] || ", "hits": 87 }, { "id": 4947, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4947/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2021 Hurricane Season through September", "description": "This data visualization shows hurricane tracks over clouds over precipitation over sea surface temperatures from May 1 through September 30th, 2021. This presentation was created for the COP 26 Conference. || hurr2021_4k_comp.4991_print.jpg (1024x576) [337.4 KB] || hurr2021_4k_comp.4991_searchweb.png (320x180) [123.6 KB] || hurr2021_4k_comp.4991_thm.png (80x40) [17.6 KB] || hurr2021_comp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [29.0 MB] || hurr2021_comp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [489.6 MB] || composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || hurr2021_comp_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [1.7 GB] || hurr2021_comp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [187 bytes] || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 4884, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4884/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2021-02-25T03:00:00-05:00", "title": "2020 Hurricane Season", "description": "Data visualization of the 2020 Hurricane Season. Starts on May 1, 2020 just showing Sea Surface Temperatures and cloud cover. Precipitation data then dissolves in as hurricanes are tracked throughout 2020. Hurricane tracks include Hurricane strengths depicted with the letter \"T\" for Tropical Storm and numbers for each storm's respective strength. The visualization then culminates by showing all the storm tracks at once.This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || hurr2020_4k_comp.7968_print.jpg (1024x576) [248.0 KB] || hurr2020_4k_comp.7968_searchweb.png (320x180) [93.7 KB] || hurr2020_4k_comp.7968_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || hurr2020_comp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [637.6 MB] || Example_Composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || captions_silent.30824.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || hurr2020_4k_comp_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [167.6 MB] || hurr2020_4k_comp_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [1.6 GB] || hurr2020_comp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [187 bytes] || ", "hits": 78 }, { "id": 31139, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31139/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2020-05-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth: A System of Systems (updated)", "description": "All six time-synchronous datasets, individually and then layered two at a time || layered_pairs_1080p.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [59.0 KB] || layered_pairs_1080p.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [42.0 KB] || layered_pairs_1080p.00001_thm.png (80x40) [3.8 KB] || layered_pairs_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [83.6 MB] || layered_pairs_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [28.6 MB] || layered_pairs_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [157.7 MB] || layered_pairs_2160p.mp4 (3840x2160) [432.6 MB] || A_System_of_Systems_Updated_-_30701.pptx [436.3 MB] || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 13092, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13092/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-03-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland's Jakobshavn Glacier Reacts to Changing Ocean Temperatures", "description": "NASA's Oceans Melting Greenland (OMG) mission uses ships and planes to measure how ocean temperatures affect Greenland's vast icy expanses. Jakobshavn Glacier, known in Greenlandic as Sermeq Kujalle, on Greenland's central western side, has been one of the island's largest contributor's to sea level rise, losing mass at an accelerating rate. In a new study, the OMG team found that between 2016 and 2017, Jakobshavn Glacier grew slightly and the rate of mass loss slowed down. They traced the causes of this thickening to a temporary cooling of ocean temperatures in the region. || ", "hits": 107 }, { "id": 13152, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13152/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2019-02-28T12:30:00-05:00", "title": "2015-2016 El Niño Triggered Disease Outbreaks Across the Globe", "description": "Music: Under Offer by Peter Keith Yelland-BrownComplete transcript available. || ENSO_Dengue_Thumbnail.png (1920x1080) [3.2 MB] || ENSO_Dengue_Thumbnail_print.jpg (1024x576) [143.5 KB] || ENSO_Dengue_Thumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.1 KB] || ENSO_Dengue_Thumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || ENSO_Dengue_FINAL_lowres.mp4 (1280x720) [39.4 MB] || ENSO_Dengue_FINAL_lowres.webm (1280x720) [16.2 MB] || ENSO_Dengue_Captions.en_US.srt [2.6 KB] || ENSO_Dengue_Captions.en_US.vtt [2.6 KB] || ENSO_Dengue_FINAL.mov (1920x1080) [3.9 GB] || ", "hits": 65 }, { "id": 30976, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30976/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2018-07-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Oceanic Niño Index through May 2018", "description": "Animated plot of the Oceanic Niño Index (ONI) from 1950-2018 || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_2018_05_AMJ_print.jpg (1024x576) [52.2 KB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_2018_05_AMJ_searchweb.png (320x180) [25.4 KB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_2018_05_AMJ_thm.png (80x40) [3.4 KB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_1950_01_DJF_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [1.8 MB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_1950_01_DJF_720p30.webm (1280x720) [3.2 MB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map_2018_05_AMJ.tif (3840x2160) [682.4 KB] || ONI_1950-2018_w_map (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ", "hits": 74 }, { "id": 12738, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12738/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-10-04T10:00:00-04:00", "title": "Intense String of Hurricanes Seen From Space", "description": "In 2017, we have seen four Atlantic storms rapidly intensify with three of those storms - Hurricane Harvey, Irma and Maria - making landfall. When hurricanes intensify a large amount in a short period, scientists call this process rapid intensification. This is the hardest aspect of a storm to forecast and it can be most critical to people’s lives.While any hurricane can threaten lives and cause damage with storm surges, floods, and extreme winds, a rapidly intensifying hurricane can greatly increase these risks while giving populations limited time to prepare and evacuate. || ", "hits": 65 }, { "id": 4575, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4575/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-07-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Studies Hurricane Matthew", "description": "This data visualization follows Hurricane Matthew throughout its destructive run in the Caribbean and Southeast U.S. coast. By utilizing different data sets from NOAA's GOES satellite, NASA/JAXA's GPM, MERRA-2 model runs, IMERG, Goddard's soil moisture product, and sea surface temperatures, scientists are able to put together a clearer picture of how this hurricane quickly intensified and eventually weakened. || matthew_narrated_v106.5800_print.jpg (1024x576) [189.6 KB] || matthew_narrated_v106.5800_searchweb.png (320x180) [114.8 KB] || matthew_narrated_v106.5800_thm.png (80x40) [7.8 KB] || matthew (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || matthew_narrated_v106.webm (1920x1080) [22.0 MB] || matthew_narrated_v106.mp4 (1920x1080) [140.5 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || matthew_narrated_v106_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [443.1 MB] || matthew_narrated_nosound.hwshow || ", "hits": 58 }, { "id": 4544, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4544/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-05-26T10:30:00-04:00", "title": "2015-2016 El Niño: Daily Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly and Ocean Currents", "description": "This visualization shows 2015-2016 El Nino through changes in sea surface temperature and ocean currents. Blue regions represent colder temperatures and red regions represent warmer temperatures when compared with normal conditions. Yellow arrows illustrate eastward currents and white arrows are westward currents. || GMAO_elNino_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_currents__1300_print.jpg (1024x576) [175.5 KB] || GMAO_elNino_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_currents__1300_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.1 KB] || GMAO_elNino_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_currents__1300_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || GMAO_elNino_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_currents_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [163.5 KB] || with_colorbar (3840x2160) [256.0 KB] || GMAO_elNino_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_currents_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [159.4 MB] || GMAO_oceanTemperatureAnomaly_withColorbar.mp4 (3840x2160) [166.0 MB] || ", "hits": 73 }, { "id": 12601, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12601/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2017-05-26T10:30:00-04:00", "title": "A 3D Look at the 2015 El Niño", "description": "Scientists at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center have combined ocean measurements with cutting-edge supercomputer simulations to analyze the 2015-2016 El Niño in three dimensions. This visualization looks at the top 225 meters of the ocean, showing warmer than normal water in red, colder than normal water in blue. In the second half, current information is included, with east-flowing currents in yellow and west-flowing currents in white.Music: Bourrée from Handel's Water MusicWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 12601-El-Nino-3D-print.jpg (3840x2160) [2.7 MB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-print_searchweb.png (320x180) [93.3 KB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-print_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-UHD.mp4 (3840x2160) [381.6 MB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-captions.en_US.srt [1.7 KB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-captions.en_US.vtt [1.7 KB] || 12601-El-Nino-3D-UHD.webm (3840x2160) [24.9 MB] || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 12370, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12370/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-09-13T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Return To Normal in 2016, After Strong El Niño in 2015", "description": "Scientists at the Global Modeling and Assimilation Office of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center regulary produce a forecast of sea surface temperatures in the equatorial Pacific ocean. The temperatures in this area are used to determine the conditions known as El Niño and La Niña. For several months, the NASA forecast has indicated the temperatures will be neutral over the next nine months. This indicates there will be no La Niña in 2016-2017, after the previous year's very strong El Niño.Music: Find The Answer, by Klangraum. Composers: Bernhard Hering [GEMA], Matthias Kruger [GEMA]Complete transcript available. || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_large.00090_print.jpg (1024x576) [106.7 KB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_large.00090_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.2 KB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_large.00090_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_prores.mov (1280x720) [970.6 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_youtube_hq.mov (1280x720) [196.0 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_large.mp4 (1280x720) [70.8 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [33.1 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [33.1 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016-captions.en_US.srt [970 bytes] || 12370_La_Nada_2016-captions.en_US.vtt [983 bytes] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [11.2 MB] || 12370_La_Nada_2016_MASTER_V2_prores.webm [0 bytes] || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 12254, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12254/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-06-23T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "Life of the Monsoon", "description": "Additional footage: pond5.comMusic: Ruminations by Miriam Cutler, 24 Dimensions by Christian Telford, David Travis Edwards, Matthew St. Laurent, and Robert Anthony NavarroComplete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || life_monsoon_still_print.jpg (1024x578) [133.9 KB] || life_monsoon_still_searchweb.png (320x180) [94.5 KB] || life_monsoon_still_thm.png (80x40) [9.4 KB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_prores.mov (1920x1080) [7.6 GB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon.mpeg (1280x720) [933.1 MB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [141.4 MB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [2.3 GB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon.webm (960x540) [112.9 MB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [282.0 MB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [141.5 MB] || LifeMonsoon.en_US.srt [5.1 KB] || LifeMonsoon.en_US.vtt [5.1 KB] || 12254_Life_of_the_Monsoon_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [49.6 MB] || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 12162, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12162/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2016-02-26T15:00:00-05:00", "title": "NASA On Air: NASA Compares El Niños: 1997 vs. 2016 (2/26/2016)", "description": "LEAD: A new NASA visualization shows the 2015 El Niño unfolding in the Pacific Ocean. The sea surface temperatures presented different patterns than seen in the 1997-1998 El Niño.1. This visualization shows how the 1997 event started from colder-than-average sea surface temperatures – but the 2015 event started with warmer-than-average temperatures. 2. The water temperature variations also occur below the surface. And these variations were also different in 2015, compared to 1997. The red in this vizualization indicates warmer than normal temperatres and the blue is cooler. TAG: In the past, very strong El Niño events typically transition to neutral conditions and then a La Niña event. This current El Niño has been different so it will be interesting to see what happens in the next forecast and the coming months. || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-10_iPad_print.jpg (1024x576) [129.8 KB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-10_iPad_searchweb.png (320x180) [92.0 KB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-10_iPad_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-1_Weather_Channel_30_fps.mov (1920x1080) [773.5 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-2_Weather_Channel_60_fps.mov (1280x720) [868.2 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-3_NBC_Today.mov (1920x1080) [373.8 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-4_WeatherChannel.wmv (1280x720) [6.6 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-5_Accuweather.avi (1280x720) [5.2 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-6_Baron_Services_MP4.mp4 (1920x1080) [29.9 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-7_APR_422_1920_30.mov (1920x1080) [482.0 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-8_iPad.m4v (960x540) [12.0 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-9_iPad.m4v (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-10_iPad.m4v (1920x1080) [12.8 MB] || NASA_On_Air-El_Nino_Comparison-10_iPad.webm (1920x1080) [3.2 MB] || ", "hits": 79 }, { "id": 30748, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30748/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2016-02-01T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature and Temperature Anomaly 2015-2016", "description": "El Niño is characterized by unusually warm ocean temperatures in the eastern equatorial Pacific. Sea surface temperature is the temperature of the top millimeter of the ocean's surface. A sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) represents how different the ocean temperature, at a particular location and time, is from the normal (or average) temperature for that place and time. These maps, showing sea surface temperature and sea surface temperature anomalies, reveal the progression of the strong 2015-16 El Nino event from January 1, 2015 to January 2, 2016. The sea surface temperature data are seven-day averages calculated using daily thermal data from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) instrument. Missing data have been filled with monthly-average data. The sea surface temperature anomaly data are seven-day averages calculated using the 5-kilometer Coral Reef Watch product produced by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. The data are based on observations from geostationary and polar-orbiting satellites. || ", "hits": 185 }, { "id": 4406, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4406/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-12-14T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly Plot from 1950 to 2015", "description": "Plot of time (1950 to 2015) versus sea surface temperature anomalies (-2.5 to +2.5 degrees C) || nino_line.2999_print.jpg (1024x576) [128.7 KB] || nino_line.2999_searchweb.png (320x180) [43.1 KB] || nino_line.2999_thm.png (80x40) [5.5 KB] || nino_line_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [12.0 MB] || nino_line_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.9 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || nino_line_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [26.1 MB] || nino_line_360p30.m4v (640x360) [8.1 MB] || nino_line_4406.key [15.0 MB] || nino_line_4406.pptx [12.6 MB] || nino_line_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [183 bytes] || ", "hits": 62 }, { "id": 30728, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30728/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2015-11-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "NOAA Coral Reef Watch 2015", "description": "The NOAA Coral Reef Watch program's satellite data provide current reef environmental conditions to quickly identify areas at risk for coral bleaching, where corals lose the symbiotic algae that give them their distinctive colors. If a coral is severely bleached, disease and partial mortality become likely, and the entire colony may die.The satellite data used to create these products includes the polar orbiters Suomi-NPP/VIIRS and MetOp-B/AVHRR, and the geostationary satellites MSG-3, MTSAT-2, GOES-East, and GOES-West. || ", "hits": 153 }, { "id": 4240, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4240/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-02-09T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "CCMP Winds from June through October 2011", "description": "North Atlantic surface wind vector flow lines over sea surface temperature from June 1, 2011 to October 31, 2011. || ccmp_atlantic_sstHD36.4800_print.jpg (1024x576) [249.9 KB] || ccmp_atlantic_sstHD36.webm (1920x1080) [37.2 MB] || ccmp_atlantic_sstHD36 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ccmp_atlantic_sstHD36.mp4 (1920x1080) [593.5 MB] || ccmp_atlantic_sstHD36.m4v (640x360) [44.2 MB] || ccmp_atlantic_sst35 (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || CCMP_atlantic_sstHD36.key [150.9 MB] || CCMP_atlantic_sstHD36.pptx [149.1 MB] || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 30524, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30524/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-11-03T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AXIOM-1 Sea Surface Temperature", "description": "This animation shows sea surface temperature, ice thickness, and atmospheric precipitable water. || 0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [212.3 KB] || 0001_searchweb.png (320x180) [102.5 KB] || 0001_web.png (320x180) [102.5 KB] || 0001_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || sst-1920x1080.webm (1920x1080) [41.7 MB] || sst (1920x1080) [128.0 KB] || sst (5760x3240) [128.0 KB] || sst-1920x1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.3 GB] || sst_ice_thickness_precip_water_30524.key [1.3 GB] || sst_ice_thickness_precip_water_30524.pptx [1.3 GB] || sst-5760x3240.mp4 (5760x3240) [9.0 GB] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 30486, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30486/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-02-28T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature in the Eastern Pacific", "description": "This animation from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 shows high resolution sea surface temperature (SST) in the Eastern Pacific off Central America. Clearly visible off the Central American Coast are the cooling events associated with the winds that blow through the mountain gaps in Central America. The cooling events can form cold eddies and domes, such as off the coast of Costa Rica. The MUR SST dataset combines data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) instruments, and currently the NAVY Windsat Satellite. More details of the MUR data set may be found at PO.DAAC. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 30487, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30487/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-02-28T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature and the Agulhas Current", "description": "This animation from Jan 2011 to Dec 2013 shows high resolution sea surface temperature (SST) in the Agulhas Retroflection off South Africa. Clearly visible in the Agulhas animation are the eddies that form as a result of the retroflection of the current. These eddies can shed or spin off the main current and travel into the South Atlantic. The MUR SST dataset combines data from the Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR), Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), and Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer for EOS (AMSR-E) instruments, and currently the NAVY Windsat Satellite. More details of the MUR data set may be found at PO.DAAC || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 30490, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30490/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-02-22T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Monitoring Coral Reefs", "description": "NOAA Coral Reef Watch’s thermal stress monitoring product suiteNOAA Coral Reef Watch’s (CRW) next generation high resolution bleaching thermal stress monitoring product suite comprises 5 products. Beginning with Sea Surface Temperature from NOAA NESDIS, several processing steps lead to the final Bleaching Alert Areas product. Global data from Gang Liu at NOAA (via Liane Guild at AMES) for Oceans 2014 || ", "hits": 133 }, { "id": 30491, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30491/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-02-11T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Thermal Stress off Florida's Coast", "description": "To assess the influence of thermal anomalies on coral communities, the NOAA Coral Reef Watch program in partnership with the University of South Florida, NASA Ames Research Center, UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Center, and the University of Colorado has developed a suite of products that help monitor and forecast global coral bleaching at high spatial resolutions. Thermal anomaly products at 1 km spatial resolution have been developed for the West Florida Shelf using both Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) and MODIS Aqua satellite imagery. These products were derived as follows. AVHRR Pathfinder (version 5.0) nighttime-only sea surface temperature (SST) data were used to create a gap-filled climatology from 1985 – 2006 and from it a maximum monthly mean climatology was derived. AVHRR HotSpots are the difference between the AVHRR nighttime-only SST and the AVHRR climatology, while MODIS HotSpots are the difference between the MODIS Aqua 11 µm nighttime-only SST and the AVHRR climatology. Both Degree Heating Weeks (DHWs) products count positive HotSpots equal or higher to 1°C in a 12-week window. When DHW values are between 4 - 8, significant coral bleaching is likely, and the potential for coral disease increases. DHWs values higher than 8 indicates where mass coral bleaching and significant mortality are likely. Maria Vega-Rodriguez of USF || ", "hits": 51 }, { "id": 30363, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30363/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Sea-Surface Temperature Anomalies", "description": "Sea-surface temperature is the temperature of the top millimeter of the ocean's surface. An anomaly is when something is different from normal, or average. A sea-surface temperature anomaly is how different the ocean temperature at a particular location at a particular time is from the normal temperatures for that place. Sea surface temperature anomalies can happen as part of normal ocean cycles or they can be a sign of long-term climate change, such as global warming. These maps show monthly sea-surface temperature anomalies from June 2002 to September 2011, as derived from Aqua’s Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) data. AMSR-E ended data collection in October 2011 due to problems with the rotation of its antenna. || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 30364, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30364/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Sea-Surface Temperatures", "description": "Sea-surface temperature is the temperature of the top millimeter of the ocean's surface. Sea-surface temperatures influence weather, including hurricanes, as well as plant and animal life in the ocean. Like Earth's land surface, sea-surface temperatures are warmer near the equator and colder near the poles. Currents like giant rivers move warm and cold water around the world's oceans. Some of these currents flow on the surface, and they are obvious in sea surface temperature images. Special microwave technology allows the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer - Earth Observing System (AMSR-E) sensor on NASA's Aqua satellite to measure sea-surface temperatures through clouds, something no satellite sensor before it was able to do across the whole globe. These maps show monthly sea-surface temperatures from June 2002 to September 2011, as derived from AMSR-E data. AMSR-E ended data collection in October 2011 due to problems with the rotation of its antenna. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 30393, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30393/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Monthly Sea Surface Temperature (Aqua/MODIS)", "description": "Sea-surface temperatures have a large influence on climate and weather. For example, ocean temperatures influence the development of tropical cyclones (hurricanes and typhoons), which draw energy from warm ocean waters to form and intensify. These maps show monthly sea-surface temperatures from July 2002 to the present, based on observations from the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) onboard NASA’s Aqua satellite. The satellite measures the temperature of the top millimeter of the ocean surface. The coolest waters appear as purple shades (approximately -2 degrees Celsius), while the warmest temperatures appear as yellow shades (45 degrees Celsius). Landmasses and the large area of sea ice around Antarctica appear in shades of gray, indicating no data were collected. The most obvious pattern shown in the time series is the year-round difference in sea surface temperatures between equatorial regions and the poles. Various warm and cool currents stand out even in monthly averages of sea surface temperature. A band of warm waters snakes up the East Coast of the United States and veers across the North Atlantic—known as the Gulf Stream. || ", "hits": 41 }, { "id": 30008, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30008/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-03-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Multi-scale Ultra-high Resolution Sea Surface Temperature (MUR)", "description": "These maps are made mostly from the satellite measurements of Sea Surface Temperature (SST), with help from surface observations that come from ships and bouys. Since the 1980's, there are a lot more SST data from satellites than surface observations. SST is invaluable for weather forecasting. But SST is also important for management of fishery, ocean acoustic communication, and the science including studies of climate and marine life. To \"blend\" the SST data from many different satellite is a tricky business. Satellite-based environmental data are usually irregularly sampled and always noisy. Every satellite has a unique sensor that measures SST. The infra-red (IR) type sensor can offer a very high resolution (down to 1 km in horizontal distance) but suffer from contamination by clouds and aerosols that block the signal. The micro-wave (MW) measurements are more reliable because of cloud-penetrating coverage but are coarser (25 km) in resolution and are not useful along the coasts due to contamination from land.So we are interested in making use of the best characteristics of each sensor data — be it resolution or coverage — and finding an optimal and objective ways to fill the data-voids under the clouds and near the coasts. || ", "hits": 305 }, { "id": 11056, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11056/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-08-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Ocean - a driving force for Weather and Climate", "description": "The Ocean is essential to life on Earth. Most of Earth's water is stored in the ocean. Although 40 percent of Earth's population lives within, or near coastal regions- the ocean impacts people everywhere. Without the ocean, our planet would be uninhabitable. This animation helps to convey the importance of Earth's oceanic processes as one component of Earth's interrelated systems.This animation uses Earth science data from a variety of sensors on NASA Earth observing satellites to measure physical oceanography parameters such as ocean currents, ocean winds, sea surface height and sea surface temperature. These measurements, in combination with atmospheric measurements such as surface air temperature, precipitation and clouds can help scientists understand the ocean's impact on weather and climate and what this means for life here on Earth. NASA satellites and their unique view from space are helping to unveil the vast... and largely unexplored.... OCEAN.NASA Earth Observing System Data and Information Systems (EOSDIS) EOSDIS is a distributed system of twelve data centers and science investigator processing systems. EOSDIS processes, archives, and distributes data from Earth observing satellites, field campaigns, airborne sensors, and related Earth science programs. These data enable the study of Earth from space to advance scientific understanding. For questions, please contact eosdis-outreach@lists.nasa.gov || ", "hits": 147 }, { "id": 3935, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3935/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-03-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Modelling Weather: Wind, Clouds, and T2M.", "description": "This visualization shows a Goddard Earth Observing System Model, Version 5 (GEOS-5) run for most of the month of June, 2005. The simulation was seeded at the beginning of the run and then ran on its own to create a 2 year simulation. Only 25 days of the full run are depicted here. The ocean color layer ranging from blue to orange depict air temperatures 2 meters (T2M) above sea level. Since Sea Surface Temperatures (SST) are typically measured at sea level and below, the T2M model output behaves somewhat differently. Nonetheless, it is a reasonable proxy to SST. Landcover information is taken from the Next Generation Blue Marble dataset. Sea Ice is depicted as solid white and clouds are shades of white. The wind layer is depicted as flowing white arrows.This project was developed in support of a hyperwall show titled \"Pursuit of Light\" which is scheduled to premiere on April 19, 2012 at the Smithsonian Uvar-Hazy Center during the space shuttle Discovery Transfer Ceremony on a Jumbotron. The hyperwall itself is a multi-screen display system that allows for the display of very high resolution images beyond current 1080p HDTV standards, allowing for much greater detail to be shown on much larger screens. Please click here for more information on NASA's travelling hyperwall. || ", "hits": 36 }, { "id": 3908, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3908/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-08T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "ECCO2 Sea Surface Temperature and Flows", "description": "Generated for Science On a Sphere show \"Loop\". This animation depicts the part of Earth's ocean circulation model that involves heat transfer.In the polar latitudes the ocean loses heat to the atmosphere. Near the equator ocean water warms, and because it is less dense, it remains close to the surface. Cast away from the planet's equator by the winds and Earth's rotation, warm equatorial waters travel on or near the surface of the globe outward toward high latitudes. But as water loses heat to the increasingly cold atmosphere far away from the equator it sinks and pushes other water out of the way. Endlessly, this pump known as Meridional Overturning Circulation, circulates water and heat around the globe. Considering that the ocean stores exponentially more heat than the atmosphere and the fact that they're always in direct contact with each other, there's a strong relationship between oceanic heat and atmospheric circulation. || ", "hits": 51 }, { "id": 3829, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3829/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-05-10T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aquarius studies Ocean and Wind Flows", "description": "Aquarius is a focused satellite mission to measure global Sea Surface Salinity. During its nominal three-year mission, Aquarius will map the salinity at the ocean surface to improve our understanding of Earth's water cycle and ocean circulation. Aquarius will help scientists see how freshwater moves between the ocean and the atmosphere. It will monitor changes in the water cycle due to rainfall, evaporation, ice melting, and river runoff. Aquarius will also demonstrate a measurement capability that can be applied to future operational missions. Ocean circulation is driven in large part by changes in water density, which is determined by temperature and salinity. Cold, high-salinity water masses sink and trigger the ocean's \"themalhaline circulation\" - the surface and deep currents that distribute solar energy to regulate Earth's climate. By measuring salinity, Aquarius will provide new insight into this global process. Aquarius' measurements of ocean salinity will provide a new perspective on the ocean and its links to climate, greatly expanding upon limited past measurements. Aquarius salinity data - combined with data from other sensors that measure sea level, ocean color, temperature, winds and rainfall will give us a much clearer picture of how the ocean works, how it is linked to climate, and how it may respond to climate change.Aquarius will provide information that will help improve predictions of future climate trends and short-term climate events such as El Niño and La Niña. Precise salinity measurements from Aquarius will reveal changes in patterns of global precipitation and evaporation and show how these changes may affect ocean circulation. || ", "hits": 149 }, { "id": 3816, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3816/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-01-21T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt - Stereoscopic Version", "description": "The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven primarily by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity (haline) variations.This animation shows one of the major regions where this pumping occurs, the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and the North Sea. The surface ocean current brings new water to this region from the South Atlantic via the Gulf Stream and the water returns to the South Atlantic via the North Atlantic Deep Water current. The continual influx of warm water into the North Atlantic polar ocean keeps the regions around Iceland and southern Greenland generally free of sea ice year round.The animation also shows another feature of the global ocean circulation: the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The region around latitude 60 south is the the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no obstruction by land. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. This circumpolar motion links the world's oceans and allows the deep water circulation from the Atlantic to rise in the Indian and Pacific Oceans, thereby closing the surface circulation with the northward flow in the Atlantic.The color on the world's ocean's at the beginning of this animation represents surface water density, with dark regions being most dense and light regions being least dense (see the animation Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density). The depths of the oceans are highly exaggerated to better illustrate the differences between the surface flows and deep water flows. The actual flows in this model are based on current theories of the thermohaline circulation rather than actual data. The thermohaline circulation is a very slow moving current that can be difficult to distinguish from general ocean circulation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure or simulate.This is a stereoscopic version of the original visualziation. || ", "hits": 281 }, { "id": 3652, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3652/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-10-09T13:24:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density", "description": "Sea Surface TemperatureThe oceans of the world are heated at the surface by the sun, and this heating is uneven for many reasons. The Earth's axial rotation, revolution about the sun, and tilt all play a role, as do the wind-driven ocean surface currents. The first animation in this group shows the long-term average sea surface temperature, with red and yellow depicting warmer waters and blue depicting colder waters. The most obvious feature of this temperature map is the variation of the temperature by latitude, from the warm region along the equator to the cold regions near the poles. Another visible feature is the cooler regions just off the western coasts of North America, South America, and Africa. On these coasts, winds blow from land to ocean and push the warm water away from the coast, allowing cooler water to rise up from deeper in the ocean. || ", "hits": 752 }, { "id": 3658, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3658/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-10-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Thermohaline Circulation - The Great Ocean Conveyor Belt", "description": "The oceans are mostly composed of warm salty water near the surface over cold, less salty water in the ocean depths. These two regions don't mix except in certain special areas. The ocean currents, the movement of the ocean in the surface layer, are driven mostly by the wind. In certain areas near the polar oceans, the colder surface water also gets saltier due to evaporation or sea ice formation. In these regions, the surface water becomes dense enough to sink to the ocean depths. This pumping of surface water into the deep ocean forces the deep water to move horizontally until it can find an area on the world where it can rise back to the surface and close the current loop. This usually occurs in the equatorial ocean, mostly in the Pacific and Indian Oceans. This very large, slow current is called the thermohaline circulation because it is caused by temperature and salinity (haline) variations.This animation shows one of the major regions where this pumping occurs, the North Atlantic Ocean around Greenland, Iceland, and the North Sea. The surface ocean current brings new water to this region from the South Atlantic via the Gulf Stream and the water returns to the South Atlantic via the North Atlantic Deep Water current. The continual influx of warm water into the North Atlantic polar ocean keeps the regions around Iceland and southern Greenland mostly free of sea ice year round.The animation also shows another feature of the global ocean circulation: the Antarctic Circumpolar Current. The region around latitude 60 south is the the only part of the Earth where the ocean can flow all the way around the world with no land in the way. As a result, both the surface and deep waters flow from west to east around Antarctica. This circumpolar motion links the world's oceans and allows the deep water circulation from the Atlantic to rise in the Indian and Pacific Oceans and the surface circulation to close with the northward flow in the Atlantic.The color on the world's ocean's at the beginning of this animation represents surface water density, with dark regions being most dense and light regions being least dense (see the animation Sea Surface Temperature, Salinity and Density). The depths of the oceans are highly exaggerated to better illustrate the differences between the surface flows and deep water flows. The actual flows in this model are based on current theories of the thermohaline circulation rather than actual data. The thermohaline circulation is a very slow moving current that can be difficult to distinguish from general ocean circulation. Therefore, it is difficult to measure or simulate. || ", "hits": 208 }, { "id": 3397, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3397/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-01-14T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2008 Sea Surface Surface Temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the Eastern Shore of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This data was taken by the AMSR-E instrument aboard the Aqua satellite. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3581, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3581/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-11-30T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2008 Hurricane Season with Sea Surface Temperature", "description": "This animation depicts the 2008 hurricane season and the corresponding water temperature, for the dates 6/1/08 through 11/30/08. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the storm clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the positions of the storms. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the warm surface waters of the ocean. As a hurricane passes over the warm surface it churns the water, drawing the deeper, cooler water to the surface. This mixing can appear in the animation as a blue pool trailing the hurricane. The sea surface temperature data was taken by the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 3532, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3532/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Current Sea Surface Temperatures Rising in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the East Coast of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This blended microwave- and infrared-wavelength data was taken by the AMSR-E and MODIS instruments aboard the Aqua satellite, and the TMI instrument aboard the TRMM satellite. This animation updates every 24 hours. || ", "hits": 89 }, { "id": 3488, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3488/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "La Niña 2007 Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies", "description": "This visualization shows the 2007 La Niña event in the Pacific Ocean. Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies from 2007 are shown based on a 3-day moving average using Aqua/AMSR-E SST data. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3383, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3383/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-03-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere", "description": "This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions.Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006.This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3390, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3390/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-03-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature", "description": "This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a 3-day moving average of AMSR-E sea surface temperature (SST) over the western hemisphere from the beginning of 2005 to early December, 2006. In addition, seasonal MODIS land cover shows the advance and retreat of snow over the northern hemisphere.This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3376, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3376/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Current Tropical Sea Surface Temperatures", "description": "Current sea surface temperature (SST) and SST anomaly data. || ", "hits": 42 }, { "id": 3357, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3357/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2006 Sea Surface Temperatures Rising in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the Eastern Shore of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This data was taken by the AMSR-E instrument aboard the Aqua satellite.This animation depicts the 2006 seasonal changes. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3489, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3489/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Sea Surface Temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the Eastern Shore of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This data was taken by the AMSR-E instrument aboard the Aqua satellite. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3354, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3354/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-05-31T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "27 Storms: Arlene to Zeta", "description": "Many records were broken during the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season including the most hurricanes ever, the most category 5 hurricanes, and the most intense hurricane ever recorded in the Atlantic as measured by atmospheric pressure. This visualization shows all 27 named storms that formed in the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season and examines some of the conditions that made hurricane formation so favorable.The animation begins by showing the regions of warm water that are favorable for storm development advancing northward through the peak of hurricane season and then receding as the waters cool. The thermal energy in these warm waters powers the hurricanes. Strong shearing winds in the troposphere can disrupt developing young storms, but measurements indicate that there was very little shearing wind activity in 2005 to impede storm formation.Sea surface temperatures, clouds, storm tracks, and hurricane category labels are shown as the hurricane season progresses.This visualization shows some of the actual data that NASA and NOAA satellites measured in 2005 — data used to predict the paths and intensities of hurricanes. Satellite data play a vital role in helping us understand the land, ocean, and atmosphere systems that have such dramatic effects on our lives.NOTE: This animation shows the named storms from the 2005 hurricane season. During a re-analysis of 2005, NOAA's Tropical Prediction Center/National Hurricane Center determined that a short-lived subtropcial storm developed near the Azores Islands in late September, increasing the 2005 tropical storm count from 27 to 28. This storm was not named and is not shown in this animation.'27 Storms: Arlene to Zeta' played in the SIGGRAPH 2007 Computer Animation Festival in August 2007. It was also a finalist in the 2006 NSF Science and Engineering Visualization Challenge. || ", "hits": 45 }, { "id": 3358, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3358/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-05-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparing the 1998-1999 La Niña event to the corresponding 2006 Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly Conditions", "description": "Are we seeing another La Niña event in 2006? This animation compares the winter 1998-1999 La Niña event to the corresponding 2006 conditions in the Pacific Ocean. This is done by comparing Sea Surface Temperature (SST) anomalies (i.e., differences from normal SST values) between 1999 and 2006. Blue areas indicate ocean regions 5 degrees Celsius (9 degrees Fahrenheit) cooler than the norm. During the 1998-1999 La Niña event this resulted in a distinct area of deep blue stretching across the Pacific Ocean. Through this comparison, one can see that our current ocean temperature conditions do not reflect those same conditions during the 1998-1999 La Niña event. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3323, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3323/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-04-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aqua MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Granules during Hurricane Katrina", "description": "The Aqua satellite orbits the Earth every 99 minutes in a polar, sun-synchronous orbit. The MODIS instrument on Aqua observes reflected light from the Earth in 36 spectral frequencies. These observations can be processed to show many properties of the Earth's surface, from temperature and phytoplankton measurements near the surface of the ocean to fire occurrences and land cover characteristics on the land surface.The MODIS observations start out divided into 5-minute sections called granules, and this animation shows MODIS sea surface temperature data from about 4 days of individual Aqua granules. Sea surface temperature can only be measured by MODIS in ocean regions that are free of both clouds and sun glint, the bright band of specular reflection in the center of each granule. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3324, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3324/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-04-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aqua MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Progression during Hurricane Katrina", "description": "The Aqua satellite orbits the Earth every 99 minutes in a polar, sun-synchronous orbit. The MODIS instrument on Aqua observes reflected light from the Earth in 36 spectral frequencies. These observations can be processed to show many properties of the Earth's surface, from temperature and phytoplankton measurements near the surface of the ocean to fire occurrences and land cover characteristics on the land surface.This animation shows MODIS sea surface temperature data from about 4 days of individual Aqua orbits. Sea surface temperature can only be measured by MODIS in ocean regions that are free of both clouds and sun glint, the bright band of specular reflection in the center of each granule. For this animation the data is accumulated and so builds up a complete picture of the surface of the Earth except around the South Pole, which is in darkness during the entire 4-day period. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3325, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3325/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-04-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Swath during Hurricane Katrina", "description": "The Aqua satellite orbits the Earth every 99 minutes in a polar, sun-synchronous orbit. The MODIS instrument on Aqua observes reflected light from the Earth in 36 spectral frequencies. These observations can be processed to show many properties of the Earth's surface, from temperature and phytoplankton measurements near the surface of the ocean to fire occurrences and land cover characteristics on the land surface.This animation shows MODIS sea surface temperature data from about 4 days of individual Aqua orbits. Sea surface temperature can only be measured by MODIS in ocean regions that are free of both clouds and sun glint, the bright band of specular reflection in the center of each granule. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 3282, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3282/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Wilma — SSTs and Clouds", "description": "This visualization shows sea surface temperatures and clouds for Hurricane Wilma. The data is from October 15 through 20, 2005. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the hurricane clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the hurricane positions. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures are 3-day moving averages based on the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 35 }, { "id": 3279, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3279/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Named Storms from the 2005 Atlantic Hurricane Season (Wide Shot)", "description": "An updated version of this visualization is available. Please see animation identification number 3354.This visualization shows sea surface temperatures during most of the 2005 hurricane season. Overlaid are infrared cloud data, storm track data, and storm name labels. Ocean temperatures are the fuel that drive hurricanes. Notice the correspondence between the storm tracks and the sea surface temperature response; this is particulary noticeable for hurricanes Dennis, Emily, and Katrina. This versions shows a wide view of the Gulf of Mexico and Western Atlantic Ocean.This visualization includes all of the named storms from Arlene though Wilma; however, Vince is not within the camera's view since it was in the Portugal/Spain region. Wilma tied the record for the most named Atlantic tropical storms in recorded history; and, the list of seleced names for this season is exhausted. Other storms that have formed after Wilma, have been named after the Greek alphabet. || ", "hits": 203 }, { "id": 3240, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3240/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina Sea Surface Temperature (WMS)", "description": "This visualization shows the cold water trail left by Hurricane Katrina. The data is from August 23 through 30, 2005. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the hurricane clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the hurricane positions. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures are 3-day moving averages based on the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3252, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3252/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-21T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Anatomy of Hurricane Isabel", "description": "This visualization shows several data sets from Hurricane Isabel. Sea surface temperature (SST) as seen by Aqua/AMSR-E is represented by the colors in the ocean. Red and yellow are waters above 82 degrees Fahrenheit which is favorable for hurricane formation. Sea surface winds as seen by QuikSCAT are represented by the arrows over the SSTs. Internal rain structure as seen by TRMM/PR is represented by the semi-transparent surfaces close to the ocean surface. Isabel's wam hurricane core as seen by GOES/AMSU is represented by the ellipsoid shapes above the rain structure. This visualizaiton was intended as a proof of concept; but has been released due to its popularity. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3229, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3229/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global SST Model (ECCO)", "description": "Sea surface temperature plays a vital role in the behavior of the Earth's climate and weather. It is both a causal factor and a resulting effect of complex interactions of natural forces on Earth. NASA not only measures sea surface temperature from space using powerful scientific instruments, but it also studies temperature processes in advanced computer models. -Gretchen Cook-Anderson (GSFC) || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 3225, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3225/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature from June 1, 2005 to August 29, 2005", "description": "This visualization shows the sea surface temperatures for the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season from June 1, 2005 through August 29, 2005. The ocean colors represent the sea surface temperatures. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures were measured by the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite. Several hurricane color water trails can be seen through this animation - particulary hurricanes Dennis, Emily, and Katrina. || ", "hits": 56 }, { "id": 3226, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3226/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature, Clouds, and Tropical Depression/Storm/Hurricane Tracks from June 1, 2005 to August 29, 2005", "description": "This visualization shows sea surface temperatures during the early part of the 2005 hurricane season. Overlaid are infrared cloud data and storm track data. Ocean temperatures are the fuel that drive hurricanes. Notice the correspondence between the storm tracks and the sea surface temperature response; this is particulary noticeable for hurricanes Dennis, Emily, and Katrina. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3257, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3257/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-09T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature from June 1, 2005 to September 18, 2005", "description": "This visualization shows the sea surface temperatures for the 2005 Atlantic hurricane season from June 1, 2005 through September 18, 2005. The ocean colors represent the sea surface temperatures. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures were measured by the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite. Several hurricane color water trails can be seen through this animation - particulary hurricanes Dennis, Emily, and Katrina. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3222, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3222/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Katrina Sea Surface Temperature", "description": "This visualization shows the cold water trail left by Hurricane Katrina. The data is from August 23 through 30, 2005. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the hurricane clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the hurricane positions. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures are 3-day moving averages based on the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 71 }, { "id": 3261, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3261/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-09-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Hurricane Rita Sea Surface Temperature and Clouds", "description": "This visualization shows the sea surface temperatures during Hurricane Rita. The data is from Septemeber 17 through 22, 2005. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the hurricane clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the hurricane positions. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. The sea surface temperatures are 3-day moving averages based on the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3205, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3205/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "ARGO Float Animation #2", "description": "This visualization shows the locations of the ARGO buoy array over time. When the buoys above water, the lines are brighter; when the buoys are under water, the lines are fainter. The ARGO buoys measure ocean salinity, column temperature, and current velocities. This version of the visualization uses a faster camera move than version #1 (animation 3204). || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3204, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3204/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-28T11:00:00-04:00", "title": "ARGO Float Animation #1", "description": "This visualization shows the locations of the ARGO buoy array over time. When the buoys are above water, the lines are brighter; when the buoys are under water, the lines are fainter. The ARGO buoys measure ocean salinity, column temperature, and current velocities. This version of the visualization uses a slow camera move. || ", "hits": 25 }, { "id": 3191, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3191/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature, 2005 (WMS)", "description": "The temperature of the surface of the world's oceans provides a clear indication of the state of the Earth's climate and weather. In this visualization sequence covering the period from January to June, 2005, the most obvious effects are the north-south movement of warm regions across the equator due to the seasonal movement of the sun and the seasonal advance and retreat of the sea ice near the North and South poles. It is also possible to see the Gulf Stream, the warm river of water that parallels the east coast of the United States before heading towards northern Europe, in this data. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 3192, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3192/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-07-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly, 2005 (WMS)", "description": "The temperature of the surface of the world's oceans provides a clear indication of the state of the Earth's climate and weather. The sea surface temperature anomaly, or difference from the mean, can show climate indicators such as the El Niño oscillation, which manifests as a warmer-than-normal sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean west of Ecuador and Peru. This sequence shows a slight La Niña effect, or cooler-than-normal sea surface temperature in the eastern Pacific. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3350, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3350/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-04-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Time Series Data Shows Increased Temperatures in Great Barrier Reef - Wide View", "description": "Coral bleaching may be one of the greatest threats to the Great Barrier Reef. Coral bleaching is a stress response that often occurs when the surrounding waters become too warm for the corals. In the stressful situation, the corals expel their brownish zooxanthellae and lose their color. Zooxanthellae are unicellular yellow-brown algae that make it possible for the corals to grow and reproduce quickly enough to create reefs. Without the zooxanthellae, the coral cannot obtain sufficient nourishment. If conditions remain difficult, the corals may die. Major coral bleaching incidents on the Great Barrier Reef in 1998 and 2002 led to widespread death of corals in some areas. Researchers in the Barrier reef of Australia are using NASA's resources to help identify troubled coral. Currently, the most severe coral bleaching occurs over inshore reefs where the Sea Surface Temperatures are showing increased temperatures. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3351, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3351/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-04-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "MODIS Sea Surface Temperature around the Australian Continent", "description": "The earliest technique for measuring Sea Surface Temperature (SST) was dipping a thermometer into a bucket of water. The first automated technique for determining SST was accomplished by measuring the temperature of water in the intake port of large ships. A large network of coastal buoys in U.S. waters is maintained by the National Data Buoy Center (NDBC). Since about 1990, there has also been an extensive array of moored buoys maintained across the equatorial Pacific Ocean designed to help monitor and predict the El Niño phenomenon. Since the 1980s satellites have been increasingly utilized to measure SST and have provided an enormous leap in our ability to view the spatial and temporal variation in SST. The satellite measured SST provides both a synoptic view of the ocean and a high frequency of repeat views, allowing the examination of basin-wide upper ocean dynamics not possible with ships or buoys. For example, a ship traveling at 10 knots (20 km/h) would require 10 years to cover the same area a satellite covers in two minutes.This animation uses SST data taken at nighttime from the MODIS/Aqua and MODIS/Terra satellites. This data has many important applications that permit scientists to use ocean temperatures to observe ocean circulation and locate major ocean currents. Ocean current analysis can facilitate ocean transportation. Additionally, by using SST, scientists can monitor changes in ocean temperatures and relate these to weather and climate changes like coral bleaching around the Great Barrier Reef. Finally, the SST changes have many important biological implications for hospitable/inhospitable conditions for many organisms including species of plankton, seagrasses, shellfish, fish, coral, and mammals. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3135, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3135/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-03-31T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies during El Niño/La Niña Event of 1997-1998 (WMS)", "description": "The El Niño/La Niña event in 1997-1999 was particularly intense, but was also very well observed by satellites and buoys. A strong upwelling of unusually warm water was observed in the Pacific Ocean during the El Niño phase, followed by unusually cold water in the La Niña phase. The Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (AVHRR) instrument on the US National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration's NOAA-14 spacecraft observed the changes in sea surface temperature shown here. || ", "hits": 65 }, { "id": 3342, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3342/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-03-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "IKONOS and Aqua MODIS Imagery of Southern Great Barrier Reef", "description": "Coral bleaching may be one of the greatest threats to the Great Barrier Reef. Coral bleaching is a stress response that often occurs when the surrounding waters become too warm for the corals. In the stressful situation, the corals expel their brownish zooxanthellae and lose their color. Zooxanthellae are unicellular yellow-brown algae that make it possible for the corals to grow and reproduce quickly enough to create reefs. Without the zooxanthellae, the coral cannot obtain sufficient nourishment. If conditions remain difficult, the corals may die. Major coral bleaching incidents on the Great Barrier Reef in 1998 and 2002 led to widespread death of corals in some areas. Researchers in the Barrier reef of Australia are using NASA's resources to help identify troubled coral. || ", "hits": 62 }, { "id": 3343, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3343/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-03-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "MODIS Sea Surface Temperature Data Shows Increased Temperatures in Southern Great Barrier Reef", "description": "Coral bleaching may be one of the greatest threats to the Great Barrier Reef. Coral bleaching is a stress response that often occurs when the surrounding waters become too warm for the corals. In the stressful situation, the corals expel their brownish zooxanthellae and lose their color. Zooxanthellae are unicellular yellow-brown algae that make it possible for the corals to grow and reproduce quickly enough to create reefs. Without the zooxanthellae, the coral cannot obtain sufficient nourishment. If conditions remain difficult, the corals may die. Major coral bleaching incidents on the Great Barrier Reef in 1998 and 2002 led to widespread death of corals in some areas. Researchers in the Barrier reef of Australia are using NASA's resources to help identify troubled coral. Currently, the most severe coral bleaching occurs over inshore reefs where the Sea Surface Temperatures are showing increased temperatures. || ", "hits": 26 }, { "id": 3344, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3344/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-03-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Chlorophyll Concentration Shows Oceanographic Patterns in Great Barrier Reef", "description": "Coral bleaching may be one of the greatest threats to the Great Barrier Reef. Coral bleaching is a stress response that often occurs when the surrounding waters become too warm for the corals. In the stressful situation, the corals expel their brownish zooxanthellae and lose their color. Zooxanthellae are unicellular yellow-brown algae that make it possible for the corals to grow and reproduce quickly enough to create reefs. Without the zooxanthellae, the coral cannot obtain sufficient nourishment. If conditions remain difficult, the corals may die. Major coral bleaching incidents on the Great Barrier Reef in 1998 and 2002 led to widespread death of corals in some areas. Researchers in the Barrier reef of Australia are using NASA's resources to help identify troubled coral. || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 3043, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3043/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-11-01T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Indecisive El Niño Exhibits 'Split Personality'", "description": "The central equatorial Pacific Ocean warmed by about one degree Celsius (1.8 degrees Fahrenheit) between June and August 2004, which can indicate development of a weak to moderate El Niño. Yet in other locations, important signals have been absent, suggesting the climate pattern may be of two minds. NASA satellites show warm water anomalies concentrated in the central Pacific Ocean in August. By September, the anomalies are weaker.The SeaWinds instrument on NASA's Quick Scatterometer (QuikScat) satellite has shown stronger than normal trade winds for this time of year on the eastern side of the Pacific basin. Since the 1997 to 1998 El Niño, these trade winds have exhibited a kind of 'split personality' condition during times when the central equatorial Pacific warmed. || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 20030, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20030/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought", "description": "Abnormal sea surface temperatures (SST) in the Pacific and the Atlantic Ocean played a strong role in the 1930s dust bowl drought. Scientists used SST data acquired from old ship records to create starting conditions for the computer models. They let the model run on its own, driven only by the observed monthly global sea surface temperatures. The model was able to reconstruct the Dust Bowl drought quite closely, providing strong evidence that the Great Plains dry spell originated with abnormal sea surface temperatures. This sequence shows the warmer than normal SST (red-orange) in that the Atlantic Ocean and colder than normal SST (blues) in the Pacific Ocean, followed by a low level jet stream that shifted and weakened reducing the normal supply of moisture to the Great Plains. || ", "hits": 43 }, { "id": 20031, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20031/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought", "description": "This illustration shows how cooler than normal tropical Pacific Ocean temperatures (blues) and warmer than normal tropical Atlantic Ocean temperatures (red and orange) contributed to a weakened low level jet stream and changed its course. The jet stream normally flows westward over the Gulf of Mexico and then turns northward pulling up moisture and dumping rain onto the Great Plains. During the 1930s, this low level jet stream weakened, carrying less moisture, and shifted further south. The Great Plains land dried up and dust storms blew across the U.S. || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 20032, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20032/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2004-06-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "NASA Explains 'Dust Bowl' Drought", "description": "This animation illustrates the dust storm caused by the drought in the 1930's. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 2905, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2905/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-02-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Sea Surface Temperature from June, 2002 to September, 2003 (WMS)", "description": "The temperature of the surface of the world's oceans provides a clear indication of the state of the Earth's climate and weather. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite measures the temperature of the top 1 millimeter of the ocean every day, even through the clouds. In this visualization sequence covering the period from June, 2002, to September, 2003, the most obvious effects are the north-south movement of warm regions across the equator due to the seasonal movement of the sun and the seasonal advance and retreat of the sea ice near the North and South poles. It is also possible to see the Gulf Stream, the warm river of water that parallels the east coast of the United States before heading towards northern Europe, in this data. Around January 1, 2003, a cooler than normal region of the ocean appears just to the west of Peru as part of a La Niña and flows westward, driven by the trade winds. The waves that appear on the edges of this cooler area are called tropical instability waves and can also be seen in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean about the same time. || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 2906, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2906/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-02-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies from June, 2002 to September, 2003 (WMS)", "description": "The temperature of the surface of the world's oceans provides a clear indication of the state of the Earth's climate and weather. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite measures the temperature of the top 1 millimeter of the ocean every day, even through the clouds. If the average sea surface temperature for a particular date is subtracted from the measured temperature for that date, the resulting sea surface temperature anomaly can be used to accurately assess the current state of the oceans. The anomaly can serve as an early warning system for weather phenomena and can be used to indicate forthcoming problems with fish populations and coral reef health. In this visualization of the anomaly covering the period from June, 2002, to September, 2003, the most obvious effects are a successive warming and cooling along the equator to the west of Peru, the signature of an El Niño/La Niña cycle. Around January 1, 2003, a cooler than normal region of the ocean appears in this region as part of a La Niña and flows westward, driven by the trade winds. The waves that appear on the edges of this cooler area are called tropical instability waves. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 2907, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2907/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-02-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Hurricane Regions Indicated by Sea Surface Temperature from June 2002 to September 2003 (WMS)", "description": "The temperature of the world's ocean surface provides a clear indication of the regions where hurricanes and typhoons form, since they can only form when the sea surface temperature exceeds 82 degrees F (27.8 degrees C). The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite measures the temperature of the top 1 millimeter of the ocean every day, even through the clouds. In this visualization of AMSR-E data covering the period from June, 2002, to September, 2003, areas with surface temperatures greater than 82 degrees F are shown in yellow and orange, while sea surface temperatures below 82 degrees F are shown in blue. The region in the Atlantic from the Caribbean to the equator only exceeds the critical temperature during late summer and early fall in the Northern Hemisphere, the period known as Hurricane Season. It is also possible to see the Gulf Stream, the warm river of water that parallels the east coast of the United States before heading towards northern Europe, in this data. Around January 1, 2003, a cooler than normal region of the ocean appears just to the west of Peru as part of an La Niña and flows westward, driven by the trade winds. The waves that appear on the edges of this cooler area are called tropical instability waves and can also be seen in the equatorial Atlantic Ocean about the same time. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 2897, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2897/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-02-11T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Cold Water Trails from Hurricanes Fabian and Isabel (WMS)", "description": "This visualization shows the cold water trails left first by Hurricanes Fabian and then by Hurricane Isabel in the Atlantic Ocean from August 27, 2003 through September 23, 2003. The colors on the ocean represent the sea surface temperatures, and satellite images of the hurricane clouds are laid over the temperatures to clearly show the hurricane positions. Orange and red depict regions that are 82 degrees F and higher, where the ocean is warm enough for hurricanes to form. Hurricane winds are sustained by the heat energy of the ocean, so the ocean is cooled as the hurricane passes and the energy is extracted to power the winds. A hurricane can experience a dramatic reduction in wind speed when it crosses the cold track of a previous hurricane. However, in this case, the cold water track from Fabian warmed up before Isabel crossed it, so Isabel's winds did not decrease. The sea surface temperatures were measured by the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite, while the cloud images were taken by the Imager on the GOES-12 satellite. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 2889, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2889/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-02-09T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Pacific Temperature Anomalies with Color Key", "description": "This animation shows the El Niño-La Niña Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly from January 1997 through July 1999. A color bar is displayed below the data. This animation is a minor revision of animation ID 2793. || ", "hits": 7 }, { "id": 2759, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2759/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-06-23T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Anomalous Pacific Sea Surface Temperature Data Used to predict 2003 Hurricane Season", "description": "Researchers and forecasters often study sea surface temperatures to predict the upcoming year's tropical cyclone activity. This sequence tracks warmer-than-normal waters and colder-than-normal waters in the Pacific Ocean. In 2003, experts have predicted a 'normal to below normal' number of tropical cyclones. Researchers say the Pacific may transition to the colder-than-normal La Niña phase. Fewer than normal hurricanes generally form when El Niño is present. Areas in red represent warmer than normal and areas in blue represent cooler than normal. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 2691, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2691/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-02-03T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies", "description": "Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies show the development of the 2002/2003 El Niño based on data from NASA's Aqua spacecraft. || Sea surface temperature anomalies from 2002/2003 || a002691.00040_print.png (720x480) [667.4 KB] || sst_pre.jpg (320x218) [16.0 KB] || a002691.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.2 MB] || 720x486_4x3_29.97p (720x486) [16.0 KB] || a002691.dv (720x480) [58.4 MB] || sst.mpg (352x240) [2.2 MB] || a002691_320.m1v (320x240) [3.1 MB] || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 2692, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2692/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-02-03T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Surface Temperature Anomalies (with dates)", "description": "Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies show the development of the 2002/2003 El Niño based on data from NASA's Aqua spacecraft. || ", "hits": 7 }, { "id": 2695, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2695/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-02-03T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "SST Anomalies + Wind Anomalies", "description": "Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and sea surface wind anomalies show the development of the 2002/2003 El Niño based on data from NASA's Aqua and QuikSCAT spacecraft. The wind data has been processed using the Variational Analysis Method (VAM). || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 2696, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2696/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2003-02-03T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "SST Anomalies + Wind Anomalies (with dates)", "description": "Sea surface temperature (SST) anomalies and sea surface wind anomalies show the development of the 2002/2003 El Niño based on data from NASA's Aqua and QuikSCAT spacecraft. The wind data has been processed using the Variational Analysis Method (VAM). || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 2646, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2646/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-11-20T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "El Niño and La Niña Cross-section of Temperature and Height Anomalies: June, 1998", "description": "Sea Surface Height Anomaly for the Equatorial Pacific region from June, 1997, to June, 1998. || ssh_2d_9806_pre.jpg (320x197) [7.8 KB] || ssh_2d.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || preview_made_from_dv.00010_print.png (360x244) [29.9 KB] || ssh_2d_9806.webmhd.webm (960x540) [424.5 KB] || ssh_2d_9806.mov (360x244) [1.3 MB] || ", "hits": 29 }, { "id": 2626, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2626/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-10-16T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "El Niño 'Golfball' for National Geographic's Altas of the Oceans", "description": "This image was developed for use on the cover of the National Geographic ATLAS OF THE OCEANS. Sea surface temperature anomalies are colors, with red being warmer than normal and blue being colder than normal, and sea surface height anomalies are exaggerated heights. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 2625, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2625/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-10-15T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Sea Surface Temperature with Land Vegetation", "description": "Visualization of global surface temperature. || Sea surface temperature with land vegetation || SeaSurTemp_Veg_0594.jpg (4096x2048) [2.0 MB] || SeaSurTemp_Veg_0594_web.jpg (320x160) [17.4 KB] || SeaSurTemp_Veg_0594_thm.png (80x40) [5.7 KB] || SeaSurTemp_Veg_0594_web_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [20.9 KB] || SeaSurTemp_Veg_0594.tif (4096x2048) [6.6 MB] || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 2468, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2468/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-06-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aqua First Light: AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature on a Flat Map", "description": "This is a cloudless image of Sea Surface Temperature taken by Aqua's instrument AMSR-E. Three day average data. || This is a cloudless image of Sea Surface Temperature taken by Aquas instrument AMSR-E. || a002468.00005_print.png (720x480) [470.2 KB] || a002468_pre.jpg (320x240) [12.0 KB] || a002468.webmhd.webm (960x540) [2.7 MB] || a002468.dv (720x480) [42.7 MB] || a002468.mpg (320x240) [568.7 KB] || ", "hits": 8 }, { "id": 2470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2470/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-06-24T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Aqua First Light: AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature Global", "description": "This is a cloudless image of Sea Surface Temperature taken by Aqua's AMSR-E. Three day average data. || This is a cloudless image of Sea Surface Temperature taken by Aqua's AMSR-E. Three day average data. || a002470.00100_print.png (720x480) [479.5 KB] || a002470_pre.jpg (320x240) [7.9 KB] || a002470.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.4 MB] || a002470.dv (720x480) [111.6 MB] || a002470.mpg (320x240) [3.3 MB] || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 2398, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2398/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-03-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Sea Surface Temperature from MODIS between July 2001 and February 2002", "description": "This animation shows the sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean in false color from July 2001 to the middle of February 2002 || a002398.00100_print.png (720x480) [467.1 KB] || sstdaily_pre.jpg (320x240) [10.6 KB] || a002398.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.0 MB] || a002398.dv (720x480) [47.3 MB] || sstdaily.mpg (320x240) [1.4 MB] || ", "hits": 16 }, { "id": 2399, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2399/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-03-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "A Close View of Sea Surface Temperature Anomaly for February 15, 2002", "description": "This image shows the difference between the actual sea surface temperature data and the average climatology data in the eastern portion of the Pacific Ocean for February 15, 2002. || closeanomaly.jpg (2880x1944) [2.2 MB] || closeanomaly_web.png (320x216) [156.3 KB] || closeanomaly_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || closeanomaly_searchweb.png (320x180) [107.0 KB] || closeanomaly.tif (2880x1944) [12.4 MB] || ", "hits": 11 }, { "id": 2400, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2400/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2002-03-07T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "A Pacific View of Sea Surface Temperature from MODIS for February 15, 2002", "description": "Sea surface temperature in the Pacific Ocean is shown in false color for February 15, 2002 || pacificsst.jpg (2880x1944) [1.3 MB] || pacificsst_web.png (320x216) [108.3 KB] || pacificsst_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || pacificsst_searchweb.png (320x180) [96.7 KB] || pacificsst.tif (2880x1944) [8.7 MB] || Video slate image reads \"A Pacific View of Sea Surface Temperature from MODIS for February 15, 2002\". || a002400_slate.jpg (720x528) [133.4 KB] || a002400_slate_web.png (320x234) [111.3 KB] || ", "hits": 10 } ] }