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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 31347,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31347/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2026-03-03T18:59:59-05:00",
            "title": "Astronaut Don Pettit’s Photos from Space",
            "description": "hyperwall hwshows for photos from https://www.nasa.gov/gallery/astronaut-don-pettits-photos-from-space/",
            "hits": 1160
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        {
            "id": 5131,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5131/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-12-09T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Hurricane Ian's Clouds, Lightning, Humidity and Winds",
            "description": "This visualization begins with an image sequence of cloud and lightning images of Hurricane Ian created by Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere (CIRA) and NOAA.  The image sequence fades to show the volume of humidity (shown in blue) along with the wind flows near the surface.  As the camera pulls back we see the humidity in a  9 degree by 9 degree region off the western coast of Florida.  A box containing this region gradually grows in altitude showing the fast wind circulation above the humidity volume up to an altitude of 17 km. || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k.1728_print.jpg (1024x576) [192.5 KB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k.1728_searchweb.png (320x180) [67.7 KB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k.1728_thm.png (80x40) [5.3 KB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_30p_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [98.3 MB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [106.1 MB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Hurricane_Ian_comp (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [338.6 MB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k_30p_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [310.0 MB] || Hurricane_Ian_comp_v03_4k_30p_2160p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 5217,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5217/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-12-09T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Northern California Fires in September 2020",
            "description": "This visualization shows the lightning over California on August 16 and 17, 2020 that caused 38 separate fires to ignite. These eventually combined into the August  Complex fire, the first recorded gigafire in California history, which burned until November 12 consuming 1,614 square miles (4,180 square kilometers). As the lightning fades, a series of images shows the smoke emanating from the fires on September 8 of that year. The visible smoke is followed by a series showing the Aerosol Optical Depth (a unitless quantitative metric of how much smoke is present in the atmosphere) as the smoke particles were transported across the Western US and Canada over a 10 day period. || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939.04321_print.jpg (1024x576) [185.9 KB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939.04321_searchweb.png (320x180) [78.6 KB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939.04321_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939_p30_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [101.5 MB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [110.3 MB] || composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [333.3 MB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939_p30_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [322.9 MB] || geoxo_fires_v049_2024-02-21_0939_p30_2160p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "hits": 67
        },
        {
            "id": 31243,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31243/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2024-09-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "A New Look at Earth’s Lightning",
            "description": "Map of lightning frequency showing Lake Maracaibo in northern Venezuela and Lake Kivu between Rwanda and Democratic Republic of Congo are the places with the most lightning. || eob149301_annualdenclim_lis_2020_lrg.png (2704x1352) [2.7 MB] || eob149301_annualdenclim_lis_2020_lrg_print.jpg (1024x512) [153.8 KB] || eob149301_annualdenclim_lis_2020_lrg_searchweb.png (320x180) [72.1 KB] || eob149301_annualdenclim_lis_2020_lrg_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || eob149301_annualdenclim_lis_2020.hwshow [117 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 202
        },
        {
            "id": 5011,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5011/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2023-10-19T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Lightning Events Detected from the International Space Station (ISS) 2017-2023",
            "description": "Lightning events detected by the LIS sensor on the ISS between January 2017 and July 2023 using a 10-day roving window. Data is from the quality controlled science dataset. Available resolution in the download menu are 1920x1080, 3840x2160 (4k), and 7680x2160 (created for EIC display). || iss_lightning_preview.jpg (1024x576) [260.7 KB] || iss_lightning_preview_searchweb.png (320x180) [59.3 KB] || iss_lightning_preview_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || iss_lightning_sphere_07312023.mp4 (1920x1080) [127.0 MB] || iss_lightning_sphere_07312023_60p4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [414.2 MB] || iss_lightning_eic_display_2160p30_h2652.mp4 (7680x2160) [579.9 MB] || iss_lightning_sphere_07312023.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "hits": 114
        },
        {
            "id": 30872,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30872/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2017-08-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Where Does Lightning Strike?",
            "description": "Lightning flash counts are accumulated to create a long-term average lightning flash rate. || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_print.jpg (1024x576) [116.7 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_searchweb.png (180x320) [44.9 KB] || ligtning_v1_720p.01138_thm.png (80x40) [3.6 KB] || ligtning_v1_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.0 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [10.3 MB] || ligtning_v1_720p.webm (1280x720) [4.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 189
        },
        {
            "id": 4429,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4429/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2016-11-22T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Massive Lightning Storm Lights up Northern Alabama",
            "description": "Animation showing a massive lightning storm form over Northern Alabama on September 2, 2012. Although the data shown here is based on real observations, the cloud cover data was only available for a very limited window of time as an experiment using the GOES-14 satellite. The cloud data comes from ground-based sensors. This animation is a proof-of-concept showing the kind of data that will be gathered by GOES-R on a regular basis. || lightning_comp.0499_print.jpg (1024x576) [148.4 KB] || background.4k.png (3840x2160) [7.7 MB] || lightning_comp.0499_searchweb.png (320x180) [103.2 KB] || lightning_comp.0499_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || lightning_comp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [14.7 MB] || sample_composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || lightning_comp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [1.8 MB] || date_layer (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || cloud_layer (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || lightning_layer (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || lightning_comp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [188 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 15
        },
        {
            "id": 10278,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10278/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-12-15T13:29:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's Fermi Helps Scientists Study Gamma-ray Thunderstorms",
            "description": "New research merging Fermi data with information from ground-based radar and lightning networks shows that terrestrial gamma-ray flashes arise from an unexpected diversity of storms and may be more common than currently thought. Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. For complete transcript, click here. || Florida_TGF_still_print.jpg (1024x576) [115.1 KB] || Florida_TGF_still.jpg (1280x720) [169.4 KB] || Florida_TGF_still_thm.png (80x40) [8.7 KB] || Florida_TGF_still_searchweb.png (320x180) [75.0 KB] || Florida_TGF_still_web.jpg (320x180) [20.8 KB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_appletv_subtitles.m4v (960x540) [66.4 MB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_ProRes_1280x720_5994.mov (1280x720) [2.7 GB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_appletv.webm (960x540) [21.7 MB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_appletv.m4v (960x540) [66.5 MB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_MPEG4_1280X720_2997.mp4 (1280x720) [36.8 MB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_1280x720.wmv (1280x720) [62.5 MB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_H264_Good_1280x720_2997.mov (1280x720) [65.2 MB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_H264_Best_1280x720_5994.mov (1280x720) [801.8 MB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_ipod_lg.m4v (640x360) [28.5 MB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [3.7 KB] || 10278_Fermi_TGF_Radar_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [3.7 KB] || G2014-107_Fermi_TGF_Radar_FINAL_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [13.0 MB] || ",
            "hits": 71
        },
        {
            "id": 10936,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10936/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-05-29T09:55:00-04:00",
            "title": "GOES-R Series Resource Reel",
            "description": "The new generation GOES-R satellites will carry significant improvements and technology innovation on board. GOES-R will be able to deliver a full globe scan in only 5 minutes, compared to the 25 minutes needed for the same task with the current GOES satellites. GOES-R's lightning mapper instrument is expected to improve warning lead time for severe storms and tornadoes by 50%. This without a doubt will help predict severe weather in advance and save more lives. This reel is a compilation of finished productions about the GOES-R mission as well as supporting materials such as animations, visualizations, and still images. || ",
            "hits": 52
        },
        {
            "id": 11131,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11131/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-12-06T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Fermi Improves Its Vision For Thunderstorm Gamma-ray Flashes",
            "description": "Thanks to improved data analysis techniques and a new operating mode, the Gamma-ray Burst Monitor (GBM) aboard NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope is now 10 times better at catching the brief outbursts of high-energy light mysteriously produced above thunderstorms. The outbursts, known as terrestrial gamma-ray flashes (TGFs), last only a few thousandths of a second, but their gamma rays rank among the highest-energy light that naturally occurs on Earth. The enhanced GBM discovery rate helped scientists show most TGFs also generate a strong burst of radio waves, a finding that will change how scientists study this poorly understood phenomenon.Lightning emits a broad range of very low frequency (VLF) radio waves, often heard as pop-and-crackle static when listening to AM radio. The World Wide Lightning Location Network (WWLLN), a research collaboration operated by the University of Washington in Seattle, routinely detects these radio signals and uses them to pinpoint the location of lightning discharges anywhere on the globe to within about 12 miles (20 km).Scientists have known for a long time TGFs were linked to strong VLF bursts, but they interpreted these signals as originating from lightning strokes somehow associated with the gamma-ray emission.\"Instead, we've found when a strong radio burst occurs almost simultaneously with a TGF, the radio emission is coming from the TGF itself,\" said co-author Michael Briggs, a member of the GBM team. The researchers identified much weaker radio bursts that occur up to several thousandths of a second before or after a TGF. They interpret these signals as intracloud lightning strokes related to, but not created by, the gamma-ray flash. Scientists suspect TGFs arise from the strong electric fields near the tops of thunderstorms. Under certain conditions, the field becomes strong enough that it drives a high-speed upward avalanche of electrons, which give off gamma rays when they are deflected by air molecules. \"What's new here is that the same electron avalanche likely responsible for the gamma-ray emission also produces the VLF radio bursts, and this gives us a new window into understanding this phenomenon,\" said Joseph Dwyer, a physics professor at the Florida Institute of Technology in Melbourne, Fla., and a member of the study team. Because the WWLLN radio positions are far more precise than those based on Fermi's orbit, scientists will develop a much clearer picture of where TGFs occur and perhaps which types of thunderstorms tend to produce them.Watch this video on YouTube. || ",
            "hits": 68
        },
        {
            "id": 10891,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10891/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-01-11T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Schumann resonance animation",
            "description": "At any given moment about 2,000 thunderstorms roll over Earth, producing some 50 flashes of lightning every second. Each lightning burst creates electromagnetic waves that begin to circle around Earth captured between Earth's surface and a boundary about 60 miles up. Some of the waves - if they have just the right wavelength - combine, increasing in strength, to create a repeating atmospheric heartbeat known as Schumann resonance. This resonance provides a useful tool to analyze Earth's weather, its electric environment, and to even help determine what types of atoms and molecules exist in Earth's atmosphere.The waves created by lightning do not look like the up and down waves of the ocean, but they still oscillate with regions of greater energy and lesser energy. These waves remain trapped inside an atmospheric ceiling created by the lower edge of the \"ionosphere\" - a part of the atmosphere filled with charged particles, which begins about 60 miles up into the sky. In this case, the sweet spot for resonance requires the wave to be as long (or twice, three times as long, etc) as the circumference of Earth. This is an extremely low frequency wave that can be as low as 8 Hertz (Hz) - some one hundred thousand times lower than the lowest frequency radio waves used to send signals to your AM/FM radio. As this wave flows around Earth, it hits itself again at the perfect spot such that the crests and troughs are aligned. Voila, waves acting in resonance with each other to pump up the original signal.While they'd been predicted in 1952, Schumann resonances were first measured reliably in the early 1960s. Since then, scientists have discovered that variations in the resonances correspond to changes in the seasons, solar activity, activity in Earth's magnetic environment, in water aerosols in the atmosphere, and other Earth-bound phenomena. || ",
            "hits": 2711
        },
        {
            "id": 3756,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3756/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-01-10T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Animated Daily Lightning Map",
            "description": "This is an animated map illustrating how the daily probability of lightning (the light blue glow) varies with the seasons.The highest lightning probabilty corresponds to the warmest locations at any given time (a higher probabilty of thunderstorms) and also with the seasons. The warmest locations tend to be even warmer in summer so lightning probability is even higher in those locations. || ",
            "hits": 45
        },
        {
            "id": 10706,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10706/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-01-10T16:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes Create Antimatter",
            "description": "NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has detected beams of antimatter launched by thunderstorms. Acting like enormous particle accelerators, the storms can emit gamma-ray flashes, called TGFs, and high-energy electrons and positrons. Scientists now think that most TGFs produce particle beams and antimatter.For additional animations showing bremsstrahlung and pair production gamma ray reactions, go here.For more visualizations showing Fermi's TGF detections, go to#3747, #3748, and #3756.For animations of the Fermi spacecraft and matter/antimatter, go to#10707 and #10651. || ",
            "hits": 194
        },
        {
            "id": 10707,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10707/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-01-10T16:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Fermi Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flash (TGF) Animations",
            "description": "NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope has detected beams of antimatter launched by thunderstorms. Acting like enormous particle accelerators, the storms can emit gamma-ray flashes, called TGFs, and high-energy electrons and positrons. Scientists now think that most TGFs produce particle beams and antimatter. || ",
            "hits": 126
        },
        {
            "id": 10647,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10647/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Firefly Beauty Pass",
            "description": "The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named \"Firefly.\" Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth - lightning - when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.Using measurements gathered by Firefly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators - Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. - hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days. || ",
            "hits": 21
        },
        {
            "id": 10649,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10649/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Firefly Deployment",
            "description": "The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named \"Firefly.\" Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth - lightning - when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.fly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators - Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. - hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 10650,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10650/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Firefly in Orbit",
            "description": "The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named \"Firefly.\" Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth - lightning - when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.fly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators - Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. - hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days. || ",
            "hits": 53
        },
        {
            "id": 10651,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10651/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Radiation Generated in Electric Fields Over Thunderstorms",
            "description": "The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named \"Firefly.\" Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth - lightning - when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.fly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators - Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. - hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days. || ",
            "hits": 66
        },
        {
            "id": 10652,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10652/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-17T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Firefly Sees Electrons Populate the Radiation Belts",
            "description": "The small satellite, with a big mission, is appropriately named \"Firefly.\" Sponsored by the National Science Foundation (NSF), the pint-sized satellite will study the most powerful natural particle accelerator on Earth - lightning - when it launches from the Marshall Islands aboard an Air Force Falcon 1E rocket vehicle next year. In particular, Firefly will focus on Terrestrial Gamma-ray Flashes (TGFs), a little understood phenomenon first discovered by NASA's Compton Gamma-Ray Observatory in the early 1990s.Although no one knows why, it appears these flashes of gamma rays that were once thought to occur only far out in space near black holes or other high-energy cosmic phenomena are somehow linked to lightning.fly's instruments, Goddard scientist Doug Rowland and his collaborators - Universities Space Research Association in Columbia, Md., Siena College, located near Albany, N.Y., and the Hawk Institute for Space Studies in Pocomoke City, Md. - hope to answer what causes these high-energy flashes. In particular, they want to find out if lightning triggers them or if they trigger lightning. Could they be responsible for some of the high-energy particles in the Van Allen radiation belts, which damage satellites? Firefly is expected to observe up to 50 lightning strokes per day, and about one large TGF every couple days. || ",
            "hits": 26
        },
        {
            "id": 10645,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10645/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-15T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA-led Firefly Mission to Study Lightning",
            "description": "Somewhere on Earth, there's always a lightning flash. The globe experiences lightning some 50 times a second, yet the details of what initiates this common occurrence and what effects it has on the atmosphere – lightning may be linked to incredibly powerful and energetic bursts called terrestrial gamma ray flashes, or TGFs — remains a mystery. In mid-November, a football-sized mission called Firefly, which is funded by the National Science Foundation, will launch into space to study lightning and these gamma ray flashes from above. The NSF CubeSat program represents a low cost access to space approach to performing high-quality, highly targeted science on a smaller budget than is typical of more comprehensive satellite projects, which have price tags starting at $100 million. The CubeSat Firefly, by focusing its science goals, will carry out its mission in a much smaller package and at a considerably lower cost. The Firefly mission also emphasizes student involvement as part of the ongoing effort to train the next generation of scientists and engineers. Students at Siena College, in Loudonville, N.Y., and the University of Maryland Eastern Shore, in Princess Anne, Md., were involved in all phases of the Firefly mission. The window for Firefly launch opens on Nov. 19, 2013, and it is scheduled to launch with 27 other cubesat missions, as well as a NASA experiment called the Total solar irradiance Calibration Transfer Experiment, or TCTE, which will continue measurements from space of the total energy output of the sun. || ",
            "hits": 48
        },
        {
            "id": 20065,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20065/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2005-04-27T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Lightning Makes a Safe Zone in the Earth's Radiation Belts",
            "description": "Radio waves generated by terrestrial lighting get propagated by electrons along the Earth's magnetic field lines and sweep high-energy electrons away from their path. This opens a 'Safe Zone' in the radiation belts. || ",
            "hits": 49
        },
        {
            "id": 3143,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3143/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-04-14T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Global Lightning Accumulation (WMS)",
            "description": "Lightning is a brief but intense electrical discharge between positive and negative regions of a thunderstorm. The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite was designed to study the distribution and variability of total lightning on a global basis. The Optical Transient Detector (OTD) was an earlier lightning detector flying aboard the Microlab-1 spacecraft. The data shown here are compiled from LIS (1998-2002) and OTD (1995-1999) observations. Because each satellite saw only a part of the Earth at any one time, these data use complex algorithms to estimate total flash rate based on the flashes observed and the amount of time the satellite views each area.NOTE: This animation is primarily designed to be used through the Web Mapping Services (WMS) protocol. Each frame in the animation actually represents an accumulation of a number of years of data up through a particular day of the year. Because of a limitation in the WMS protocol, each frame is marked only with a single date representing the last date for which the data was accumulated. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 3144,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3144/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-04-14T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Global Lightning Flash Rate Density (WMS)",
            "description": "Lightning is a brief but intense electrical discharge between positive and negative regions of a thunderstorm.The Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on the Tropical Rainfall Measuring Mission (TRMM) satellite was designed to study the distribution and variability of total lightning on a global basis. The Optical Transient Detector (OTD) was an earlier lightning detector flying aboard the Microlab-1 spacecraft. The data shown here are compiled from LIS (1998-2002) and OTD (1995-1999) observations. Because each satellite saw only a part of the Earth at any one time, these data use complex algorithms to estimate total flash rate density (number of flashes per square kilometer per year) based on the flashes observed and the amount of time the satellite views each area. || ",
            "hits": 281
        },
        {
            "id": 3111,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3111/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-18T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Connections: Terrestrial Gamma Flashes and Lightning?",
            "description": "The RHESSI instrument not only views the Sun but can detect gamma-rays from sources on Earth as well. || ",
            "hits": 47
        },
        {
            "id": 186,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/186/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1998-05-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Daily Lightning Measurements from TRMM: April 1, 1998 through April 29, 1998",
            "description": "Daily actual lightning measurements from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on TRMM for theperiod from April 1, 1998, through April 29, 1998. Global data is shown, followed by regional data for NorthAmerica, North and South America, and Africa. || a000186.00095_print.png (720x480) [453.8 KB] || a000186_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || a000186_pre.jpg (320x218) [15.2 KB] || a000186_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [87.7 KB] || a000186.webmhd.webm (960x540) [12.9 MB] || a000186.mp4 (640x480) [5.1 MB] || a000186.dv (720x480) [186.9 MB] || a000186.mpg (352x240) [3.7 MB] || ",
            "hits": 41
        },
        {
            "id": 187,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/187/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1998-05-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Cumulative Lightning Measurements from TRMM: April 1, 1998 through April 29, 1998",
            "description": "Daily cumulative lightning measurements from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on TRMM for theperiod from April 1, 1998, through April 29, 1998.  Global data is shown, followed by regional data for NorthAmerica, North and South America, and Africa. || a000187.00090_print.png (720x480) [462.2 KB] || a000187_pre.jpg (320x240) [11.9 KB] || a000187_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || a000187_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [82.0 KB] || a000187.webmhd.webm (960x540) [6.8 MB] || a000187.dv (720x480) [91.2 MB] || a000187.mp4 (640x480) [5.2 MB] || a000187.mpg (352x240) [3.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 17
        },
        {
            "id": 188,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/188/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1998-05-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Monthly Average Lightning Measurements from TRMM: January, 1998 through April, 1998",
            "description": "Monthly average lightning measurements from the Lightning Imaging Sensor (LIS) on TRMM for theperiod from January, 1998, through April, 1998.  Global data is shown, followed by regional data for NorthAmerica, North and South America, and Africa. || a000188.00085_print.png (720x480) [469.4 KB] || a000188_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || a000188_pre.jpg (320x218) [20.0 KB] || a000188_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [102.2 KB] || a000188.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.2 MB] || a000188.dv (720x480) [54.7 MB] || a000188.mp4 (640x480) [3.2 MB] || a000188.mpg (352x240) [4.9 MB] || ",
            "hits": 5
        },
        {
            "id": 189,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/189/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1998-05-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Average Global Lightning from TRMM for April, 1998",
            "description": "Average lightning for April, 1998 as measured by the TRMM Lightning Imaging Sensor, on a rotating globe || a000189.00010_print.png (720x480) [481.8 KB] || a000189_thm.png (80x40) [5.7 KB] || a000189_pre.jpg (320x218) [14.6 KB] || a000189_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [72.7 KB] || a000189.webmhd.webm (960x540) [12.1 MB] || a000189.dv (720x480) [165.0 MB] || a000189.mp4 (640x480) [9.1 MB] || a000189.mpg (352x240) [6.7 MB] || ",
            "hits": 32
        }
    ]
}