{ "count": 68, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 5591, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5591/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2025-12-29T14:00:00-05:00", "title": "ICESat-2 Land Ice Height Change (2020-2025)", "description": "NASA’s ICESat-2 satellite measures the elevation of Earth’s surfaces – and two data products from the mission map the height of Antarctic and Greenland ice sheets, as well as how those ice sheets change over time. The ICESat-2 ATL14 data product provides a reference ice sheet surface, while ATL15 provides elevation changes to that surface through time.", "hits": 424 }, { "id": 31156, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31156/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2024-03-08T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Greenland Ice Mass Loss 2002-2025", "description": "The mass of the Greenland ice sheet has rapidly declined in the last several years due to surface melting and iceberg calving. Research based on observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites (2002-2017) and GRACE Follow-On (since 2018 - ) indicates that between 2002 and 2023, Greenland shed approximately 264 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.03 inches (0.8 millimeters) per year.", "hits": 1549 }, { "id": 31166, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31166/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2024-03-08T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "GRACE and GRACE-FO polar ice mass loss", "description": "The mass of the Polar ice sheets have changed over the last decades. Research based on observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites (2002-2017) and GRACE Follow-On (since 2018 - ) indicates that between 2002 and 2025, Antarctica shed approximately 135 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.4 millimeters per year; and Greenland shed approximately 264 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.8 millimeters per year.", "hits": 785 }, { "id": 14538, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14538/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2024-02-28T13:00:00-05:00", "title": "Antarctic Sea Ice Minimum 2024", "description": "On February 20th, 2024, Antarctic sea ice officially reached its minimum extent for the year. This cycle of growth and melting occurs every year, with the ice reaching its smallest size during the southern hemisphere's summer.This year's melt season concluded with a sea ice area of 768,000 square miles (1.99 million square kilometers) compared to the average minimum observed during the satellite era (1981-2010). That is slightly larger than the state of Texas. According to the National Snow and Ice Data Center, this marks the second-lowest sea ice extent recorded by satellites, reflecting a trend of declining coverage over time.The extent of sea ice is critical for polar ecosystems and has far-reaching implications for Earth's climate and weather patterns.NSIDC Press Release NSIDC AnalysisSVS Data Visualzation in Video || ", "hits": 90 }, { "id": 4995, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4995/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2022-04-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Snow Cover and Sea Ice Cycle at Both Poles", "description": "Visualization showing the changes in snow cover and sea ice with the seasons, for the years 2019-2021. || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_print.jpg (1024x576) [121.9 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_searchweb.png (180x320) [64.0 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_thm.png (80x40) [6.5 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside.0001_web.png (320x180) [64.0 KB] || sea_ice_sidexside_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [25.6 MB] || sea_ice_sidexside_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [7.1 MB] || full_video (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || sea_ice_sidexside_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [65.8 MB] || ", "hits": 108 }, { "id": 4823, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4823/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-09-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Draining the Oceans", "description": "Data visualization of the draining of the Earth's oceans. The visualization simulates an incremental drop of 10 meters of the water’s level on Earth’s surface. As time progresses and the oceans drain, it becomes evident that underwater mountain ranges are bigger in size and trenches are deeper in comparison to those on dry land. While water drains quickly closer to continents, it drains slowly in our planet’s deepest trenches. || OceanDrain_3840x2160_60fps_0837_print.jpg (1024x576) [259.5 KB] || OceanDrain_3840x2160_60fps_0837_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.8 KB] || OceanDrain_3840x2160_60fps_0837_print_thm.png (80x40) [7.8 KB] || OceanDrain_1920x1080_30fps.mp4 (1920x1080) [44.2 MB] || OceanDrain_1920x1080_30fps.webm (1920x1080) [4.3 MB] || OceanDrain (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || OceanDrain (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || OceanDrain_3840x2160_60fps_0837.tif (3840x2160) [31.6 MB] || OceanDrain_3840x2160_30fps.mp4 (3840x2160) [154.1 MB] || OceanDrain_1920x1080_30fps.mp4.hwshow [192 bytes] || ", "hits": 515 }, { "id": 4251, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4251/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-01-12T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice 2014", "description": "Multiyear Arctic Ice || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_print.jpg (1024x576) [119.3 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.9 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014.2300_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014 (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [23.8 MB] || multiyear_ice_2014_1080.webm (1920x1080) [9.2 MB] || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 4215, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4215/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-22T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "North Polar Sea Ice Minimum, 2014", "description": "Sea ice acts as an air conditioner for the planet, reflecting energy from the Sun. On September 17, the Arctic Sea ice reached its minimum extent for 2014 — at 1.94 million square miles (5.02 million square kilometers), it’s the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record. With warmer temperatures and thinner, less resilient ice, the Arctic sea ice is on a downward trend. The red line in the still image indicates the average ice extent over the 30 year period between 1981 and 2011. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 30055, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30055/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-06-27T14:00:00-04:00", "title": "Columbia Glacier, Alaska", "description": "The Columbia Glacier in Alaska is one of the most rapidly changing glaciers in the world. These false-color images show how the glacier and the surrounding landscape has changed since 1986. Snow and ice appears bright cyan, vegetation is green, clouds are white or light orange, and the open ocean is dark blue. Exposed bedrock is brown, while rocky debris on the glacier’s surface is gray. By 2011, the terminus had retreated more than 20 kilometers (12 miles) to the north. Since the 1980s, the glacier has lost about half of its total thickness and volume. The retreat of the Columbia contributes to global sea-level rise, mostly through iceberg calving. This one glacier accounts for nearly half of the ice loss in the Chugach Mountains. However, the ice losses are not exclusively tied to increasing air and water temperatures. Climate change may have given the Columbia an initial nudge, but it has more to do with mechanical processes. In fact, when the Columbia reaches the shoreline, its retreat will likely slow down. The more stable surface will cause the rate of calving to decline, making it possible for the glacier to start rebuilding a moraine and advancing once again. || ", "hits": 33 }, { "id": 3813, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3813/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-03-01T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice for the Dynamic Earth Dome Show", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. This animation first shows the advance and retreat of the Arctic sea ice followed by same for the Antarctic sea ice. The sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. The animation ends by flying over the Antarctic Peninsula.This was created for a planetarium dome show called Dynamic Earth and is produced in 'domemaster format'. The domemaster format was created by rendering 7 separate 2048x2048 camera tiles. The tiles were then stitched together to form final domemaster at 4096x4096 resolution. Both the tiles and the domemaster were rendered with 16 bits per channel with no gamma correction. Two domemaster layers were generated for this animation: the Earth showing sea ice advancing or retreating rendered with transparency and the star background without transparency.This visualization was shown in the \"VR Village\" at SIGGRAPH 2015. || ", "hits": 67 }, { "id": 3992, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3992/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-09-19T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Sea Ice during Aug & Sept 2012 with Winds", "description": "Early in the month of August, 2012, storms in the Arctic affected the motion of the sea ice north of Siberia and Alaska. This animation shows the motion of the winds over the Arctic in conjunction with seasonal melting of the Arctic sea ice from August 1 through September 13, 2012, when the NASA scientists determined that the sea ice reached its annual minimum extent. The surface winds, shown my moving arrows, are colored by the velocity. Slower winds are shown in blue, medium in green and the fast winds are shown in red.Note: Scientists at the National Snow and Ice Data Center, who calculate the sea ice minimum based on a 5-day trailing average, identified September 16 as the date when the lowest minimum extent occurred. NASA scientists who calculate area on each individual day identified September 13th as the date of the minimum sea ice, although there is little difference in size between the two days. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3915, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3915/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-24T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.This visualization shows the perennial Arctic sea ice from 1980 to 2012. This is not the sea ice minimum, which occurs in September each year. This measures the perennial sea ice that survives the summer and thus exists for longer than a one-year time span. The measurement for this sea ice was taken during the months of November, December and January each year. The date assigned to the data point is the year of the last measurement (January). The grey disk at the North Pole indicates the region where no satellite data is collected. A graph overlay shows the area's size measured in million square kilometers for each year. The '1980','2008', and '2012' data points are highlighted on the graph. || ", "hits": 145 }, { "id": 3916, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3916/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2012-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Multi-year Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "The most visible change in the Arctic region in recent years has been the rapid decline of the perennial ice cover. The perennial ice is the portion of the sea ice floating on the surface of the ocean that survives the summer. This ice that spans multiple years represents the thickest component of the sea ice cover.These still images show a comparison of the perennial Arctic sea ice and the first-year sea ice in 1980, 2008 and 2012. The bright white central mass shows the perennial sea ice while the larger light blue area shows the full extent of the winter sea ice including the average annual sea ice during the months of November, December and January. || ", "hits": 34 }, { "id": 3853, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3853/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 4, 2009 through January 30, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running miniimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 3854, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3854/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-10-24T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Antarctic sea ice progresses through time from May 26, 2009 through July 31, 2010. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day average sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the Antarctic continent, the LIMA data shown here uses the pan-chromatic band and has a resolution of 240 meters per pixel. The Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica (LIMA) is a data product funded by the National Science Foundation (NSF) and jointly produced by the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS), the British Antarctic Survey (BAS), and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA). || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 3862, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3862/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Seasonal Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Antarctica is a land mass surrounded by an ocean which allows the sea ice here to move more freely than it does in the Northern Hemisphere. Because there are no surrounding continents to limit its movement, the sea ice is free to float northward into warmer waters where it eventually melts. As a result, almost all of the sea ice that forms during the Antarctic winter melts during the summer. During the winter, up to 18 million square kilometers (6.9 million square miles) of ocean is covered by sea ice, but by the end of summer, only about 3 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) of sea ice remain. Antarctic sea ice extent are characterized by fairly large variations from year to year. The monthly average extent can vary by as much as 1 million square kilometers (386,102 square miles) from the year-to-year monthly average. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color in this animation of sea ice surrounding the South Pole is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. The sea ice extent shown is generated using a three day moving average where the daily sea ice concentration is at least 15%. This animation portrays the changes in the sea ice from May 26, 2009 through July 29, 2010. || ", "hits": 314 }, { "id": 3824, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3824/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2011-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2010 to March 2011", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from the 2010 minimum which occurred on September 17 through March 16, 2011. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3806, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3806/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-12-09T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Orthographic View of Jakobshavn Calving Front: 1851 to 2010", "description": "The Jakobshavn Isbrae glacier, also known as Sermeq Kujalleq, is located on the west coast of Greenland at Latitude 69 degrees N. The ice front, where the glacier calves into the sea, receded more than 40 km between 1850 and 2010. Between 1850 and 1964 the ice front retreated at a steady rate of about 0.3 km/yr, after which it occupied approximately the same location until 2001, receding 10km in three years. After 2005 the single icefront had retreated enough to split into distinct fronts for the smaller, northern tributary and the main southern trunk. The icestream flows in a deep trough which ends near the current glacier terminus. The bedrock topography is expected to stabilize the location of the icefront for the near future as the glacier continues to drawn ice from Greenland's interior. The movement of ice from glaciers on land into the ocean contributes to a rise in sea level. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. This image is generated with an orthographic camera set to view the range from 51.372 W longitude to 49.212 W and from 68.94 N latitude to 69.39 N. The Landsat image shown in the background is a false color image of data collected on July 29, 2009. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 3767, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3767/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-09-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 31, 2010 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its maximum extent, through September 19, 2010, when it was at its minimum. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3766, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3766/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-09-28T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Greenland Melt Season Study - Stereoscopic Version", "description": "The Greenland ice sheet has been the focus of attention recently because of increasing melt in response to regional climate change. Several different remote sensing data products have been used to study surface and near-surface melt characteristics of the Greenland ice sheet for the 2007 melt season when record melt extent and runoff occurred. Here, MODIS daily land surface temperature and a special diurnal melt product, derived from QuikSCAT scatterometer data, measure the evolution of melt on the ice sheet. Although these daily products are sensitive to different geophysical features, they show excellent correspondence when surface melt is present. This animation displays these two geophysical data products of the Greenland ice sheet side-by-side, showing MODIS data on the left side and QuikSCAT data on the right. The 2007 melt season is shown twice. In the first sequence, MODIS surface temperature is compared with several categories of QuikSCAT melt between March 15th and October 13th, 2010. During this sequence, active melt detected by QuikSCAT is shown in light blue, reduced melt is medium blue, and completed melt is dark blue. For the MODIS, surface temperature is shown with the color scale — red indicates a surface temperature greater than -1 degree Celsius. As MODIS shows warmer surface temperature as the melt season progresses, QuikSCAT consistently identifies the corresponding melt.In the second sequence, the MODIS and QuikSCAT melted regions of the ice sheet were accumulated during the melt season. QuikSCAT captures melt earlier, and then melt is detected by MODIS shortly afterward at a higher spatial resolution. The final result (frame) shows the seasonal melt extent which was consistently delineated by both sensors. The cross-verification of these independent measurements, by two different instruments on different satellites, provides a higher confidence level in the melt observations, reducing the uncertainty in climate assessment of Greenland melt.This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry: #3738: 2007 Greenland Melt Season Study. In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accommodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3738, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3738/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-07-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Greenland Melt Season Study", "description": "The Greenland ice sheet has been the focus of attention recently because of increasing melt in response to regional climate change. Several different remote sensing data products have been used to study surface and near-surface melt characteristics of the Greenland ice sheet for the 2007 melt season when record melt extent and runoff occurred. Here, MODIS daily land surface temperature and a special diurnal melt product, derived from QuikSCAT scatterometer data, measure the evolution of melt on the ice sheet. Although these daily products are sensitive to different geophysical features, they show excellent correspondence when surface melt is present. This animation displays these two geophysical data products of the Greenland ice sheet side-by-side, showing MODIS data on the left side and QuikSCAT data on the right. The 2007 melt season is shown twice. In the first sequence, MODIS surface temperature is compared with several categories of QuikSCAT melt between March 15th and October 13th, 2010. During this sequence, active melt detected by QuikSCAT is shown in light blue, reduced melt is medium blue, and completed melt is dark blue. For the MODIS, surface temperature is shown with the color scale — red indicates a surface temperature greater than -1 degree Celsius. As MODIS shows warmer surface temperature as the melt season progresses, QuikSCAT consistently identifies the corresponding melt.In the second sequence, the MODIS and QuikSCAT melted regions of the ice sheet were accumulated during the melt season. QuikSCAT captures melt earlier, and then melt is detected by MODIS shortly afterward at a higher spatial resolution. The final result (frame) shows the seasonal melt extent which was consistently delineated by both sensors. The cross-verification of these independent measurements, by two different instruments on different satellites, provides a higher confidence level in the melt observations, reducing the uncertainty in climate assessment of Greenland melt. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 3720, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3720/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-05-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Gradient Melt over Greenland 1979 Through 2009", "description": "The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics. This indicator of melt on each area of the ice sheet for each day of observation is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data. Although it is not a direct measure of the snow wetness, it is representative of the amount of ice loss due to seasonal melting that occurs on the Greenland ice sheet.This animation is a time series showing the regions of the Greenland ice sheet where melt occurred for more than three days between May 1st and September 30th for each year. Areas in which melt occurred for longer time periods are shown in a darker red while those areas melted for fewer days are shown in lighter red. Areas melted three or less days during the year are not colored. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3721, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3721/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-05-12T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Accumulated Melt over Greenland 1979 through 2009", "description": "The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August, 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics. This indicator of melt on each area of the ice sheet for each day of observation is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data.", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 3698, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3698/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2010-03-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: September 2009 to March 2010", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from September 1, 2009 when sea ice in the Arctic was near its minimum extent, through March 30, 2010. The animation plays at a rate of six frames per day or ten days per second. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day maximum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3670, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3670/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-12-17T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Poster of the Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Recession from 1851 to 2009", "description": "Jakobshavn Isbrae is located on the west coast of Greenland at Latitude 69 N. The ice front, where the glacier calves into the sea, receded more than 40 km between 1850 and 2006. Between 1850 and 1964 the ice front retreated at a steady rate of about 0.3 km/yr, after which it occupied approximately the same location until 2001, when the ice front began to recede again, but far more rapidly at about 3 km/yr. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, it causes a rise in sea level. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of the ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. This may be due in part to the numerous melt lakes visible here near the top of the image. These are believed to lubricate the layer between the ice sheet and bedrock, causing the ice to flow faster toward the sea. See an animation illustrating this acceleration in item #10153. || ", "hits": 12 }, { "id": 10493, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10493/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2009-10-06T09:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice 101", "description": "A fast-paced interview with NASA climate scientist Tom Wagner, where he provides a look at the state of Arctic sea ice in 2009 and discusses NASA's role in monitoring the cryosphere.For complete transcript, click here. || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube.00002_print.jpg (1024x576) [68.3 KB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube_web.png (320x180) [197.0 KB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube_thm.png (80x40) [16.9 KB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_appletv.webmhd.webm (960x540) [63.7 MB] || Tom_Wagner-Ag_ep2_Partners_Youtube.mov (1280x720) [61.4 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_appletv.m4v (960x540) [156.0 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_h264.mov (1280x720) [133.7 MB] || Wagner_ArcticIce2009_ipod.m4v (640x360) [52.3 MB] || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 10492, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10492/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2009-10-05T02:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Conceptual Animation", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. Each winter existing sea ice thickens and new, thinner ice is formed. This conceptual animation shows a cut-away view of the seasonal advance and retreat of Arctic sea ice, demonstrating the current trend toward a thinning ice pack, with less of the thicker multi-year ice surviving each summer's melt. || seaIce_therm_30fps.00002_print.jpg (1024x576) [81.8 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps_web.png (320x180) [212.7 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps_thm.png (80x40) [16.6 KB] || seaIce_therm_30fps.webmhd.webm (960x540) [9.3 MB] || seaIce_therm_30fps.mov (1280x720) [169.8 MB] || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 3631, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3631/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-09-07T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice - Summer 2009", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.Duing the summer of 2009, the arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent on September 12th. The 2009 minimum extent was the third lowest extent measured since the beginning of the satellite record in 1979. This animation shows the summer retreat of sea ice over the Arctic from 7/1/2009 through 9/12/2009. The sea ice was defined by a 3-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, showing the region where the sea ice concentration was greater than 15%. The false color of the sea ice was derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km brightness temperature. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3619, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3619/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-09-01T18:00:00-04:00", "title": "A Tour of the Cryosphere 2009", "description": "The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. In these regions, surface temperatures remain below freezing for a portion of each year. Since ice and snow exist relatively close to their melting point, they frequently change from solid to liquid and back again due to fluctuations in surface temperature. Although direct measurements of the cryosphere can be difficult to obtain due to the remote locations of many of these areas, using satellite observations scientists monitor changes in the global and regional climate by observing how regions of the Earth's cryosphere shrink and expand.This animation portrays fluctuations in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of satellite-based sensors. The animation begins in Antarctica, showing some unique features of the Antarctic landscape found nowhere else on earth. Ice shelves, ice streams, glaciers, and the formation of massive icebergs can be seen clearly in the flyover of the Landsat Image Mosaic of Antarctica. A time series shows the movement of iceberg B15A, an iceberg 295 kilometers in length which broke off of the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. Moving farther along the coastline, a time series of the Larsen ice shelf shows the collapse of over 3,200 square kilometers ice since January 2002. As we depart from the Antarctic, we see the seasonal change of sea ice and how it nearly doubles the apparent area of the continent during the winter.From Antarctica, the animation travels over South America showing glacier locations on this mostly tropical continent. We then move further north to observe daily changes in snow cover over the North American continent. The clouds show winter storms moving across the United States and Canada, leaving trails of snow cover behind. In a close-up view of the western US, we compare the difference in land cover between two years: 2003 when the region received a normal amount of snow and 2002 when little snow was accumulated. The difference in the surrounding vegetation due to the lack of spring melt water from the mountain snow pack is evident.As the animation moves from the western US to the Arctic region, the areas affected by permafrost are visible. As time marches forward from March to September, the daily snow and sea ice recede and reveal the vast areas of permafrost surrounding the Arctic Ocean.The animation shows a one-year cycle of Arctic sea ice followed by the mean September minimum sea ice for each year from 1979 through 2008. The superimposed graph of the area of Arctic sea ice at this minimum clearly shows the dramatic decrease in Artic sea ice over the last few years.While moving from the Arctic to Greenland, the animation shows the constant motion of the Arctic polar ice using daily measures of sea ice activity. Sea ice flows from the Arctic into Baffin Bay as the seasonal ice expands southward. As we draw close to the Greenland coast, the animation shows the recent changes in the Jakobshavn glacier. Although Jakobshavn receded only slightly from 1964 to 2001, the animation shows significant recession from 2001 through 2009. As the animation pulls out from Jakobshavn, the effect of the increased flow rate of Greenland costal glaciers is shown by the thinning ice shelf regions near the Greenland coast.This animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website.Note: This animation is an update of the animation 'A Short Tour of the Cryosphere', which is itself an abridged version of the animation 'A Tour of the Cryosphere'. The popularity of the earlier animations and their continuing relevance prompted us to update the datasets in parts of the animation and to remake it in high definition. In certain cases, our experiences in using the earlier work have led us to tweak the presentation of some of the material to make it clearer. Our thanks to Dr. Robert Bindschadler for suggesting and supporting this remake. || ", "hits": 45 }, { "id": 3579, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3579/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2009-02-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This animation shows how the seasonal global sea ice has changed from day to day since 2002, when the Aqua satellite was launched. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature and sea ice concentration near the poles. This sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall, because it is not very sensitive to atmospheric effects. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge identifies areas containing at least 15% ice concentration in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.This sequence shows the daily global sea ice over both the Arctic and Antarctic on a Cartesian grid from June 21, 2002 through December 31, 2008 at a frame rate of four frames per day. On days when data is not available, the prior or following day's data is used. Periods when data was absent for several consecutive days include: 2002/07/29 through 2002/08/08, 2002/09/11 through 2002/09/20, and 2003/10/29 through 2003/11/03. || ", "hits": 20 }, { "id": 3571, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3571/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This is a modification of animation ID #3404 : Global Rotation showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice, which only covered a one-year time period.For a 3D stereo version of this visualization, please visit animation entry: #3578: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version || ", "hits": 40 }, { "id": 3578, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3578/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-12-18T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008 - Stereoscopic Version", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change throughout the years. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2008. This time period repeats twice during the animation, playing at a rate of one frame per day. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. This visualization is a stereoscopic version of animation entry: #3571: AMSR-E Arctic Sea Ice: 2005 to 2008In this page the visualization content is offered in two different modes to accomodate stereoscopic systems, such as: Left and Right Eye separate and Left and Right Eye side-by-side combined on the same frame. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3508, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3508/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Annual Arctic Minimum Sea Ice from 1979 - 2008 designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "In 2007, Arctic summer sea ice reached its lowest extent on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. At the end of each summer, the sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent and what is left, called the perennial ice cover, consists mainly of thick multi-year ice floes. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. This visualization shows the annual Arctic sea ice minimum from 1979 to 2008 on a Cartesian grid with a transparent background for use in Science On a Sphere and WMS. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3556, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3556/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuous motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008, from January 1 through September 14, the week during which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3561, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3561/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-09-14T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Close view of 2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge identifies areas containing at least 15% ice concentration in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuos motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008 up to the point at which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ", "hits": 9 }, { "id": 3487, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3487/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-06-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Draining the Oceans", "description": "Three fifths of the Earth's surface is under the ocean, and the ocean floor is as rich in detail as the land surface with which we are familiar. This animation simulates a drop in sea level that gradually reveals this detail. As the sea level drops, the continental shelves appear immediately. They are mostly visible by a depth of 140 meters, except for the Arctic and Antarctic regions, where the shelves are deeper. The mid-ocean ridges start to appear at a depth of 2000 to 3000 meters. By 6000 meters, most of the ocean is drained except for the deep ocean trenches, the deepest of which is the Marianas Trench at a depth of 10,911 meters. || ", "hits": 1204 }, { "id": 3497, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3497/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-03-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "AMSR-E Antarctic Sea Ice", "description": "Antarctica is a land mass surrounded by an ocean which allows the sea ice here to move more freely than it does in the Northern Hemisphere. Because there are no surrounding continents to limit its movement, the sea ice is free to float northward into warmer waters where it eventually melts. As a result, almost all of the sea ice that forms during the Antarctic winter melts during the summer. During the winter, up to 18 million square kilometers (6.9 million square miles) of ocean is covered by sea ice, but by the end of summer, only about 3 million square kilometers (1.1 million square miles) of sea ice remain. Both Arctic and Antarctic sea ice extent are characterized by fairly large variations from year to year. The monthly average extent can vary by as much as 1 million square kilometers (386,102 square miles) from the year-to-year monthly average. The area covered by Antarctic sea ice has shown a small increasing trend.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color in this animation of sea ice surrounding the South Pole is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. The sea ice extent shown is generated using a three day moving average where the daily sea ice concentration is at least 15%. This animation progresses at a rate of four frames per day from June 4, 2005 through November 18, 2005. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 3507, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3507/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "2005 Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic derived from AMSR-E (WMS and Science On a Sphere)", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This series shows the global sea ice throughout 2005, when the maximum extent occurred on March 7th and the minimum extent occurred on September 21st. Here global data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite is shown on a Cartesian grid. The false color in these images is derived from the daily AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature while the sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration. || ", "hits": 18 }, { "id": 3564, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3564/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2008-01-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Sea Ice over the Arctic and Antarctic designed for Science On a Sphere (SOS) and WMS", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean, typically averaging a few meters in thickness. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. This animation shows how the seasonal global sea ice has changed from day to day in both the northern and southern hemisphere since 2002, when the Aqua satellite was launched.This series shows the daily global sea ice over both the Arctic and Antarctic from June 21, 2002 through September 22, 2008. Global data from the AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite is shown on a Cartesian grid. The sea ice extent is derived from the daily AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration where the ice concentration is above 15%. || ", "hits": 15 }, { "id": 3476, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3476/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-11-07T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Gradient Melt over Greenland 1979 through 2007", "description": "The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August, 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics. This indicator of melt on each area of the ice sheet for each day of observation is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data. Although it is not a direct measure of the snow wetness, it is representative of the amount of ice loss due to seasonal melting that occurs on the Greenland ice sheet.This animation is a time series showing the regions of the Greenland ice sheet where melt occurred for more than three days between May 1st and September 30th for each year. Areas in which melt occurred for longer time periods are shown in a darker red while those areas melted for fewer days are shown in lighter red. Areas melted three or less days during the year are not colored. || ", "hits": 13 }, { "id": 3475, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3475/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-11-06T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Annual Accumulated Melt over Greenland 1979 through 2007", "description": "The ice sheet melt extent is a daily (or every-other-day, prior to August, 1987) estimate of the spatial extent of wet snow on the Greenland ice sheet derived from passive microwave satellite brightness temperature characteristics. This indicator of melt on each area of the ice sheet for each day of observation is physically based on the changes in microwave emission characteristics observable in data. Although it is not a direct measure of the snow wetness, it is representative of the amount of ice loss due to seasonal melting that occurs on the Greenland ice sheet.This animation shows the regions of the Greenland ice sheet over which melt occurred more than three days between May 1st and September 30th for each year. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3470, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3470/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-05T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice Between 2005 and 2007 - Split Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.This animation compares the difference between the perennial sea ice minimum extent on September 21, 2005 and September 14, 2007. With a split screen, the area of the melted region is compared with the size of the state of California. || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 3467, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3467/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Updated Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Retreat from 2001 through 2006 with Blue/White Elevation Change over Greenland", "description": "Since measurements of Jakobshavn Isbrae were first taken in 1850, the glacier gradually receded until about 1950, where it remained stable for the past 5 decades. However, from 1997 to 2006, the glacier has begun to recede again, this time almost doubling in speed. The finding is important for many reasons. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, ocean sea levels raise. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. This animation shows the glacier's flow in 2000, along with changes in the glacier's calving front between 2001 and 2006.This animation is an update of, and extension to, animation IDs #3374 and #3434.In this version, the pause on the approach to the Jakobshavn glacier where the meltwater lakes on the Greenland ice sheet are visible is shortened. In addition, the colors showing regions of elevation increase and decrease over the Greenland ice sheet are modified. || ", "hits": 72 }, { "id": 3469, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3469/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-04T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Comparison of Minimum Sea Ice between 2005 and 2007 - Full Screen", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.In this animation, the 2005 sea ice minimum extent is initially shown over the Arctic. As the 2005 minimum sea ice fades to orange, the 2007 minimum extent comes into view. The state of California, shown in green, is placed in the melt region for a comparison of the size difference between the two years.. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 3466, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3466/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-10-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Greenland in Foreground", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3456, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3456/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-09-18T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Alaska in Foreground", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice.An image of the sea ice on September 14, 2007 is included below, along with a corresponding image from September 21, 2005 showing the previous minimum sea ice extent. || ", "hits": 23 }, { "id": 20116, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20116/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2007-09-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Ice Albedo ALTERNATE", "description": "This is a conceptual animation showing how polar ice reflects light from the sun. As this ice begins to melt, less sunlight gets reflected into space. It is instead absorbed into the oceans and land, raising the overall temperature, and fueling further melting. || icealbedoGalt_512x28800077_print.jpg (1024x576) [67.8 KB] || icealbedoGalt_512x288_web.png (320x180) [175.8 KB] || icealbedoGalt_512x288_thm.png (80x40) [14.0 KB] || 1280x720_16x9_60p (1280x720) [128.0 KB] || icealbedoGalt_720p.m2v (1280x720) [36.5 MB] || icealbedoGalt_720p.webmhd.webm (960x540) [4.7 MB] || a010160_icealbedoGalt_720p.mp4 (640x360) [3.2 MB] || icealbedoGalt_512x288.m1v (512x288) [6.3 MB] || ", "hits": 224 }, { "id": 3410, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3410/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-07-26T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Change in Elevation over Greenland", "description": "Changes in the Greenland and Antarctic ice sheets are critical in quantifying forecasts for sea level rise. Since its launch in January 2003, the ICESat elevation satellite has been measuring the change in thickness of these ice sheets. This image of Greenland shows the changes in elevation over the Greenland ice sheet between 2003 and 2006, The pink and red regions indicate a slight thickening, while the blue and purple shades indicate a thinning of the ice sheet. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3434, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3434/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-06-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Updated Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Retreat from 2001 through 2006", "description": "Since measurements of Jakobshavn Isbrae were first taken in 1850, the glacier has gradually receded, finally coming to rest at a certain point for the past 5 decades. However, from 1997 to 2006, the glacier has begun to recede again, this time almost doubling in speed. The finding is important for many reasons. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, ocean sea levels raise. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. This animation shows the glacier's flow in 2000, along with changes in the glacier's calving front between 2001 and 2006.This animation is an update of and extension to animation ID #3374. In this version, a pause is added on the approach to the Jakobshavn glacier in order to highlight the meltwater lakes visible on the Greenland ice sheet. In addition, semi-transparent overlays and text indicate different regions of the glacier before the calving lines are shown. After the calving front retreat, an additional segment shows a zoom to a global view. During the pull out, historic calving front locations are shown followed by a color overlay showing regions of increase and decrease in the Greenland ice sheet. || ", "hits": 46 }, { "id": 3383, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3383/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-03-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sequence of Clouds, Snow Cover, Sea Ice, Sea Surface Temperature and Biosphere", "description": "This animation is part of an NSF-funded, international project, Exploring Time. The two-hour television special, broadcast on the Discovery Channel in the spring of 2007, explores how the world changes over different timescales ... from billionths of seconds to billions of years. This animation portrays a variety of remotely sensed data elements at different temporal resolutions.Initially, the animation shows cloud cover in motion over North America in half-hour increments from Nov. 26 to Dec. 7, 2005. The temporal pace quickens to show a 5-day moving average of daily MODIS snow cover along with daily AMSR-E sea ice from Dec. 7, 2005 to Mar. 15, 2006. As the view swings south over the Gulf of Mexico, the AMSR-E Sea Surface Temperature reveals warming ocean temperatures from March through August, 2006. As it passes over the Atlantic Ocean, the biosphere fades into view, showing both chlorophyll concentration in the ocean along with Normalized Difference Vegetation Index over the land areas. The biosphere animates over time while the view pans over northern Africa and Europe, showing data collected from September 2002 through February 2006.This program was also broadcast in Japan through a partnership with the NHK international broadcasting service and in France through a partnership with the ARTE television network. || ", "hits": 19 }, { "id": 3404, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3404/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-02-23T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Global Rotation Showing Seasonal Landcover and Arctic Sea Ice", "description": "In this animation, the globe slowly rotates one full rotation while seasonal land cover and Arctic sea ice vary through time. The animation begins on September 21, 2005 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its minimum extent, and continues through September 20, 2006. This time period repeats six times during the animation, playing at a rate of day frame per frame. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day. || ", "hits": 91 }, { "id": 3401, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3401/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-02-01T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Ayles Ice Shelf Breakup in Arctic", "description": "On August 13, 2005, almost the entire Ayles Ice Shelf calved from the northern edge of Ellesmere Island. This reduced the remaining ice shelves there from 6 to 5, and continues a trend of dramatic loss of these ice shelves over the past century. Since 1900, approximately 90% of the Ellesmere Island ice shelves have calved and floated away. This is a one-way process as there is insufficient new ice formation to replace the ice that has been lost. The Ayles calving event was the largest in at least the last 25 years; a total of 87.1 sq km (33.6 sq miles) of ice was lost in this event, of which the largest piece was 66.4 sq km (25.6 sq. miles) in area. This piece is equivalent in size to approximately 11,000 football fields or a little larger than the island of Manhattan. || ", "hits": 14 }, { "id": 3395, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3395/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Recession from 1850 to 2006", "description": "Jakobshavn Isbrae is located on the west coast of Greenland at Latitude 69 N. The ice front, where the glacier calves into the sea, receded more than 40 km between 1850 and 2006. Between 1850 and 1964 the ice front retreated at a steady rate of about 0.3 km/yr, after which it occupied approximately the same location until 2001, when the ice front began to recede again, but far more rapidly at about 3 km/yr. After 2004, the glacier began retreating up its two main tributaries: one to the north, and a more rapid one to the southeast. These changes are important for many reasons. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, it causes a rise in sea level. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of the ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. || ", "hits": 50 }, { "id": 3630, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3630/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2007-01-05T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Jakobshavn Glacier Calving Front Recession from 1851 to 2009", "description": "Jakobshavn Isbrae is located on the west coast of Greenland at Latitude 69 N. The ice front, where the glacier calves into the sea, receded more than 40 km between 1850 and 2006. Between 1850 and 1964 the ice front retreated at a steady rate of about 0.3 km/yr, after which it occupied approximately the same location until 2001, when the ice front began to recede again, but far more rapidly at about 3 km/yr. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, it causes a rise in sea level. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of the ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. || ", "hits": 59 }, { "id": 3372, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3372/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Loop of AMSR-E Daily Arctic Sea Ice from Aug 2005 to Aug 2006", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. Sea ice is almost always in motion, reacting to ocean currents and to winds. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor and independent of atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfalls. This animation of AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature in the northern hemisphere during late 2005 and early 2006 clearly shows the dynamic motion of the ice as well as its seasonal expansion and contraction. This animation shows the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice over the Arctic from 8/5/2005 through 8/4/2006. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures in the sea ice by showing warmer areas of ice in a deeper blue and colder areas of sea ice in a brighter white. The sea ice extent is defined by a three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, showing as ice all areas having a sea ice concentration greater than 15%. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 3373, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3373/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Zoom from Jakobshavn Glacier with AMSR-E Daily Sea Ice and MODIS Daily Snow Cover", "description": "Beginning from a view of Greenland's Jakobshavn glacier, this animation shows motion of sea ice and snow cover over the Arctic from 10/1/2002 through 6/23/2003 as the camera pulls out to frame the full globe. The false color of the sea ice is derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km brightness temperature. The sea ice extent is defined by AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, identifying all regions having a sea ice concentration of greater than 15%. Because AMSR-E is a passive microwave sensor that functions independently from atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfalls. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 3374, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3374/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-30T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Jakobshavn Glacier Flow in the year 2000 and Calving Front Retreat from 2001 to 2006", "description": "Since measurements of Jakobshavn Isbrae were first taken in 1850, the glacier has gradually receded, finally coming to rest at a certain point for the past 5 decades. However, from 1997 to 2006, the glacier has begun to recede again, this time almost doubling in speed. The finding is important for many reasons. As more ice moves from glaciers on land into the ocean, it raises sea levels. Jakobshavn Isbrae is Greenland's largest outlet glacier, draining 6.5 percent of Greenland's ice sheet area. The ice stream's speed-up and near-doubling of ice flow from land into the ocean has increased the rate of sea level rise by about .06 millimeters (about .002 inches) per year, or roughly 4 percent of the 20th century rate of sea level increase. This animation shows the glacier's flow in 2000, along with changes in the glacier's calving front between 2001 and 2006. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3371, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3371/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Three-Year Average September Minimum Sea Ice Concentration 1979 - 2005", "description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. Because the extent of the sea ice is important both for the Arctic marine ecology and for the role it plays in the Earth's climate, understanding the variation of this extent during the year and from year-to-year is vital. Each year, the minimum sea ice extent in the northern hemisphere occurs at the end of summer, in September. By comparing the extent of the sea ice in September over many successive years, long term trends in the polar climate can be assessed. This animation shows the three-year moving average September mean sea ice concentration in the northern hemisphere from 1979-1981 through 2003-2005. Since 1999, this minimum has shown an ice extent that is consistently 10% to 15% smaller than the average extent over the past 20 years. || ", "hits": 22 }, { "id": 3367, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3367/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-09-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Arctic Monthly Average Sea Ice Climatology", "description": "Sea ice advances and retreats in concert with the seasons. Monthly sea ice climatology is created by averaging the sea ice for each month over a period of many years. This animation shows the monthly average sea ice climatology over the Arctic region derived from years 1979 through 2002. || ", "hits": 28 }, { "id": 3489, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3489/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-06-01T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "2007 Sea Surface Temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico", "description": "Sea surface temperatures in the Gulf of Mexico rise due to natural summer warming. These warm surface temperatures are a contributing factor to favorable conditions that can lead to the formation of tropical storms and hurricanes in the Gulf of Mexico and off the Eastern Shore of the United States. In general, hurricanes tend to form over warm ocean water whose temperature is 82 degrees Fahrenheit (approximately 27.7 degrees Celsius) or higher. These areas are depicted in yellow, orange, and red. This data was taken by the AMSR-E instrument aboard the Aqua satellite. || ", "hits": 21 }, { "id": 3355, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3355/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2006-05-20T23:55:00-04:00", "title": "A Short Tour of the Cryosphere", "description": "A newer version of this animation is available here.This narrated, 5-minute animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet. This is a shorter version of a narrated, 7 1/2 minute animation entitled 'A Tour of the Cryosphere'.See the above link for a detailed description of the full animation.Two sections have been removed from the original animation: one showing a flyby of the South Pole station and glaciers feeding the Ross Ice Shelf and one showing solar data related to the Earth's energy balance.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website. || ", "hits": 32 }, { "id": 3181, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3181/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2005-12-04T23:55:00-05:00", "title": "A Tour of the Cryosphere", "description": "A new HD version of this animation is available here.Click here to go to the media download section.The cryosphere consists of those parts of the Earth's surface where water is found in solid form, including areas of snow, sea ice, glaciers, permafrost, ice sheets, and icebergs. In these regions, surface temperatures remain below freezing for a portion of each year. Since ice and snow exist relatively close to their melting point, they frequently change from solid to liquid and back again due to fluctuations in surface temperature. Although direct measurements of the cryosphere can be difficult to obtain due to the remote locations of many of these areas, using satellite observations scientists monitor changes in the global and regional climate by observing how regions of the Earth's cryosphere shrink and expand.This animation portrays fluctuations in the cryosphere through observations collected from a variety of satellite-based sensors. The animation begins in Antarctica, showing ice thickness ranging from 2.7 to 4.8 kilometers thick along with swaths of polar stratospheric clouds. In a tour of this frozen continent, the animation shows some unique features of the Antarctic landscape found nowhere else on earth. Ice shelves, ice streams, glaciers, and the formation of massive icebergs can be seen. A time series shows the movement of iceberg B15A, an iceberg 295 kilometers in length which broke off of the Ross Ice Shelf in 2000. Moving farther along the coastline, a time series of the Larsen ice shelf shows the collapse of over 3,200 square kilometers ice since January 2002. As we depart from the Antarctic, we see the seasonal change of sea ice and how it nearly doubles the size of the continent during the winter.From Antarctica, the animation travels over South America showing areas of permafrost over this mostly tropical continent. We then move further north to observe daily changes in snow cover over the North American continent. The clouds show winter storms moving across the United States and Canada, leaving trails of snow cover behind. In a close-up view of the western US, we compare the difference in land cover between two years: 2003 when the region received a normal amount of snow and 2002 when little snow was accumulated. The difference in the surrounding vegetation due to the lack of spring melt water from the mountain snow pack is evident.As the animation moves from the western US to the Arctic region, the areas effected by permafrost are visible. In December, we see how the incoming solar radiation primarily heats the Southern Hemisphere. As time marches forward from December to June, the daily snow and sea ice recede as the incoming solar radiation moves northward to warm the Northern Hemisphere.Using satellite swaths that wrap the globe, the animation shows three types of instantaneous measurements of solar radiation observed on June 20, 2003: shortwave (reflected) radiation, longwave (thermal) radiation and net flux (showing areas of heating and cooling). Correlation between reflected radiation and clouds are evident. When the animation fades to show the monthly global average net flux, we see that the polar regions serve to cool the global climate by radiating solar energy back into space throughout the year.The animation shows a one-year cycle of the monthly average Arctic sea ice concentration followed by the mean September minimum sea ice for each year from 1979 through 2004. A red outline indicates the mean sea ice extent for September over 22 years, from 1979 to 2002. The minimum Arctic sea ice animation clearly shows how over the last 5 years the quantity of polar ice has decreased by 10 - 14% from the 22 year average.While moving from the Arctic to Greenland, the animation shows the constant motion of the Arctic polar ice using daily measures of sea ice activity. Sea ice flows from the Arctic into Baffin Bay as the seasonal ice expands southward. As we draw close to the Greenland coast, the animation shows the recent changes in the Jakobshavn glacier. Although Jakobshavn receded only slightly from 1042 to 2001, the animation shows significant recession over the past three years, from 2002 through 2004.This animation shows a wealth of data collected from satellite observations of the cryosphere and the impact that recent cryospheric changes are making on our planet.For more information on the data sets used in this visualization, visit NASA's EOS DAAC website. || ", "hits": 77 }, { "id": 2981, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2981/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Daily Snow and Sea Ice Surface Temperature", "description": "This animation shows the global advance and retreat of daily snow cover along with daily sea ice surface temperature over the Northern Hemisphere from September 2002 through May 2003. The snow cover was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Terra satellite, while the sea ice surface temperature was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite. Since these instruments cannot take measurements through clouds, in cloud-covered regions or areas with suspect data quality, the prior day's value is retained until a valid data reading is obtained. This visualization designates an area as covered by snow when the instrument takes a valid measurement showing greater than ~50% snow coverage in that area. This area is assumed to be snow covered until the instrument takes a valid measurement showing less than 40% snow coverage in that same area. A color bar indicates the sea ice surface temperature values. The satellite instruments are unable to collect data through darkness. The region in polar darkness is shown as a gray cap over the pole that grows and shrinks seasonally. A date slider indicates the progression of time. SeaWiFS Land Reflectance shows the seasonal changes in land cover. || ", "hits": 27 }, { "id": 2982, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2982/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Snow and Sea Ice Temperature over the North Pole", "description": "This animation shows the global advance and retreat of daily snow cover along with daily sea ice surface temperature over the Northern Hemisphere from September 2002 through May 2003. The snow cover was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Terra satellite, while the sea ice surface temperature was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite. Since these instruments cannot take measurements through clouds, in cloud-covered regions or areas with suspect data quality, the prior day's value is retained until a valid data reading is obtained. This visualization designates an area as covered by snow when the instrument takes a valid measurement showing greater than ~50% snow coverage in that area. This area is assumed to be snow covered until the instrument takes a valid measurement showing less than 40% snow coverage in that same area. A color bar indicates the sea ice surface temperature values. The satellite instruments are unable to collect data through darkness. The region in polar darkness is shown as a gray cap over the pole that grows and shrinks seasonally. A date slider indicates the progression of time. SeaWiFS Land Reflectance shows the seasonal changes in land cover. || ", "hits": 48 }, { "id": 2983, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2983/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Snow and Sea Ice Temperature over North America", "description": "This animation shows the global advance and retreat of daily snow cover along with daily sea ice surface temperature over North America from September 2002 through May 2003. The snow cover was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Terra satellite, while the sea ice surface temperature was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite. Since these instruments cannot take measurements through clouds, in cloud-covered regions or areas with suspect data quality, the prior day's value is retained until a valid data reading is obtained. This visualization designates an area as covered by snow when the instrument takes a valid measurement showing greater than ~50% snow coverage in that area. This area is assumed to be snow covered until the instrument takes a valid measurement showing less than 40% snow coverage in that same area. A color bar indicates the sea ice surface temperature values. The satellite instruments are unable to collect data through darkness. The region in polar darkness is shown as a gray cap over the pole that grows and shrinks seasonally. A date slider indicates the progression of time. SeaWiFS Land Reflectance shows the seasonal changes in land cover. || ", "hits": 31 }, { "id": 2984, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2984/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Snow and Sea Ice Temperature over Europe", "description": "This animation shows the global advance and retreat of daily snow cover along with daily sea ice surface temperature over Europe from September 2002 through May 2003. The snow cover was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Terra satellite, while the sea ice surface temperature was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite. Since these instruments cannot take measurements through clouds, in cloud-covered regions or areas with suspect data quality, the prior day's value is retained until a valid data reading is obtained. This visualization designates an area as covered by snow when the instrument takes a valid measurement showing greater than ~50% snow coverage in that area. This area is assumed to be snow covered until the instrument takes a valid measurement showing less than 40% snow coverage in that same area. A color bar indicates the sea ice surface temperature values. The satellite instruments are unable to collect data through darkness. The region in polar darkness is shown as a gray cap over the pole that grows and shrinks seasonally. A date slider indicates the progression of time. SeaWiFS Land Reflectance shows the seasonal changes in land cover. || ", "hits": 128 }, { "id": 2985, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2985/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2004-09-25T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Daily Snow and Sea Ice Temperature over Asia", "description": "This animation shows the global advance and retreat of daily snow cover along with daily sea ice surface temperature over Asia from September 2002 through May 2003. The snow cover was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Terra satellite, while the sea ice surface temperature was measured by the MODIS instrument on the Aqua satellite. Since these instruments cannot take measurements through clouds, in cloud-covered regions or areas with suspect data quality, the prior day's value is retained until a valid data reading is obtained. This visualization designates an area as covered by snow when the instrument takes a valid measurement showing greater than ~50% snow coverage in that area. This area is assumed to be snow covered until the instrument takes a valid measurement showing less than 40% snow coverage in that same area. A color bar indicates the sea ice surface temperature values. The satellite instruments are unable to collect data through darkness. The region in polar darkness is shown as a gray cap over the pole that grows and shrinks seasonally. A date slider indicates the progression of time. SeaWiFS Land Reflectance shows the seasonal changes in land cover. || ", "hits": 17 }, { "id": 20021, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20021/", "result_type": "Animation", "release_date": "2003-12-12T12:00:00-05:00", "title": "Ice Albedo - Global View", "description": "This is a conceptual animation showing how polar ice reflects light from the sun. As this ice begins to melt, less sunlight gets reflected into space. It is instead absorbed into the oceans and land, raising the overall temperature, and fueling further melting. || ", "hits": 92 } ] }