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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 5609,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5609/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2026-01-26T05:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Heliophysics Satellite Fleet - 2026",
            "description": "A tour of the NASA Heliophysics fleet from near-Earth satellites out to the Voyagers beyond the heliopause.",
            "hits": 558
        },
        {
            "id": 14803,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14803/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-03-17T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA’s SPHEREX and PUNCH Missions Launch from Vandenberg Space Force Base",
            "description": "Ignition, and liftoff! At 11:10 p.m. EDT (8:10 p.m. PDT) March 11, 2025, SpaceX’s Falcon 9 rocket blasted off from Vandenberg Space Force Base’s Space Launch Complex 4 East, carrying NASA’s SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) and PUNCH (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) missions.SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) will orbit Earth for a two-year prime mission and create a three-dimensional map of the cosmos. This will help scientists answer major questions about what happened in the first second after the big bang, how galaxies form and evolve, and the origins and abundance of water and other key ingredients for life in our galaxy.Ride-sharing with SPHEREx was NASA’s PUNCH (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) mission, which will study the outer portion of the Sun, the corona, to understand how solar wind forms.For more information on SPHEREx: nasa.gov/spherexFor more information on PUNCH: science.nasa.gov/mission/punch || ",
            "hits": 160
        },
        {
            "id": 14784,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14784/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-02-13T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Mission Media Teleconference",
            "description": "NASA held a media teleconference at 2 p.m. EST on Tuesday, February 4, to share information about the agency’s PUNCH (Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere) mission, which is targeted to launch no earlier than Thursday, February 27, 2025.The agency’s PUNCH mission is a constellation of four small satellites. When they arrive in low Earth orbit, the satellites will make global, 3D observations of the Sun’s outer atmosphere, the corona, and help NASA learn how the mass and energy there become solar wind. By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission will share a ride to space with NASA’s SPHEREx (Spectro-Photometer for the History of the Universe, Epoch of Reionization and Ices Explorer) space telescope on a SpaceX Falcon 9 rocket from Space Launch Complex 4 East at Vandenberg Space Force Base in California.The Southwest Research Institute in Boulder, Colorado, leads the PUNCH mission. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate in Washington.To learn more about PUNCH, please visit: nasa.gov/punch || ",
            "hits": 93
        },
        {
            "id": 14773,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14773/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-02-04T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's PUNCH Mission",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun’s corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.Watch the video to learn how imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together will help scientists better understand the entire inner heliosphere — Sun, solar wind, and Earth — as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate.For more information visit science.nasa.gov/mission/punch || ",
            "hits": 83
        },
        {
            "id": 14776,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14776/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-30T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Satellites Integration and Testing",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. || ",
            "hits": 62
        },
        {
            "id": 14771,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14771/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-24T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Instruments",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system. By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.Three of the PUNCH satellites will carry a Wide Field Imager (WFI), and the fourth will carry the Narrow Field Imager (NFI).The Narrow Field Imager (NFI)The Narrow Field Image (NFI) is a coronagraph, a type of device that blocks out the bright light from the Sun to better see details in the Sun's outer atmosphere, or corona. The coronagraph will have a similar field of view as the SOHO (Solar and Heliospheric Observatory) Large Angle and Spectrometric Coronagraph (LASCO) C3 field, from 6 to 32 solar radii on the sky, and it will view the corona in both polarized and unpolarized light.Wide Field Imager (WFI)The Wide Field Imager (WFI) is a heliospheric imager, a device that provides views from 18 to 180 solar radii (45 degrees) away from the Sun in the sky. Heliospheric imagers use an artificial “horizon” and deep baffles to view the very faint outermost portion of the solar corona and the solar wind itself. The instrument reduces direct sunlight by over 16 orders of magnitude, which is like the ratio between the mass of a human and the mass of a cold virus. The wide-field imaging optics are based on the design of the famous Nagler eyepieces, which are known among observational astronomers for their clarity, low distortion, wide field, and achromatic focus. Three of the PUNCH spacecraft will carry a WFI instrument. || ",
            "hits": 101
        },
        {
            "id": 14770,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14770/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-24T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Satellites Test Operations at Vandenberg Space Force Base",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. || ",
            "hits": 55
        },
        {
            "id": 14768,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14768/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-23T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Satellites Solar Array Deployment Test",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 14767,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14767/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-23T16:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Satellites Arrival at Vandenberg Space Force Base",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. || ",
            "hits": 66
        },
        {
            "id": 14765,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14765/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2025-01-23T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "PUNCH Assembly and Testing",
            "description": "NASA’s Polarimeter to Unify the Corona and Heliosphere, or PUNCH mission, is a constellation of four small satellites in low Earth orbit that will make global, 3D observations of the Sun's corona to better understand how the mass and energy there becomes the solar wind that fills the solar system.By imaging the Sun’s corona and the solar wind together, scientists hope to better understand the entire inner heliosphere – Sun, solar wind, and Earth – as a single connected system.The PUNCH mission is led by Southwest Research Institute’s office in Boulder, Colorado. The mission is managed by the Explorers Program Office at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Maryland, for NASA’s Science Mission Directorate. || ",
            "hits": 75
        },
        {
            "id": 20363,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20363/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2022-03-09T18:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Animation: Heliosphere",
            "description": "The sun sends out a constant flow of charged particles called the solar wind, which ultimately travels past all the planets to some three times the distance to Pluto before being impeded by the interstellar medium. This forms a giant bubble around the sun and its planets, known as the heliosphere. NASA studies the heliosphere to better understand the fundamental physics of the space surrounding us - which, in turn, provides information regarding space throughout the rest of the universe, as well as regarding what makes planets habitable.The solar wind is a gas of charged particles known as plasma, a state of matter governed by its own set physical laws just as the more common solids, liquids, and gases are. As the solar wind sweeps out into space, it creates a space environment filled with radiation as well as magnetic fields that trail all the way back to the sun. This space environment is augmented by interstellar cosmic rays and occasional concentrated clouds of solar material that burst off the sun, known as coronal mass ejections.This complex environment surrounds the planets and ultimately has a crucial effect on the formation, evolution, and destiny of planetary systems. For one thing, our heliosphere acts as a giant shield, protecting the planets from galactic cosmic radiation. Earth is additionally shielded by its own magnetic field, the magnetosphere, which protects us not only from solar and cosmic particle radiation but also from erosion of the atmosphere by the solar wind. Planets without a shielding magnetic field, such as Mars and Venus, are exposed to such processes and have evolved differently.NASA's studies of the heliosphere include research into: how the solar wind behaves near Earth; what causes and sustains magnetic and electric fields around other planets; how does the heliosphere interact with the interstellar medium; what do the boundaries of the heliosphere look like; what is the origin and evolution of the solar wind and the interstellar cosmic rays; and what contributes to the habitability of exoplanets.The field is, therefore, intensely cross-disciplinary. Heliospheric research often works hand in hand with planetary scientists, astrophysicists, astrobiologists, and space weather researchers.NASA heliophysics missions contributing to heliospheric research are: the Advanced Composition Explorer; NOAA's Deep Space Climate Observatory, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, the Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory; Voyager, and Wind. || ",
            "hits": 2193
        },
        {
            "id": 13642,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13642/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-06-11T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "11 Years Charting The Edge of The Solar System",
            "description": "Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music credits: “End of Days - Joe Mason Remix” by Connor Shambrook [BMI], Cyrus Reynolds [BMI], Flynn Hase Spence [ASCAP], Joseph Scott Mason [APRA]; “Brainstorming” by Laurent Dury [SACEM]; “Flight of the Leaf Remix” by Julie Gruss [GEMA], Laurent Dury [SAXEM]; “Ticks and Thoughts” by Laurent Dury [SACEM]; “Intimate Journey” by Laurent Vernerey [SACEM], Nicolas de Ferran [SACEM] from Universal Production MusicComplete transcript available. || 13642_IBEX11years_YouTube.00214_print.jpg (1024x576) [239.3 KB] || 13642_IBEX11years_YouTube.00214_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.0 KB] || 13642_IBEX11years_YouTube.00214_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || 13642_IBEX11years_Prores-2.mov (1920x1080) [4.2 GB] || 13642_IBEX11years_YouTube.mp4 (1920x1080) [489.0 MB] || 13642_IBEX11years_Facebook.mp4 (1920x1080) [366.4 MB] || 13642_IBEX11years_Twitter.mp4 (1920x1080) [66.4 MB] || 13642_IBEX11years_YouTube.webm (1920x1080) [33.9 MB] || IBEX11years.en_US.srt [5.8 KB] || IBEX11years.en_US.vtt [5.8 KB] || ",
            "hits": 63
        },
        {
            "id": 20299,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20299/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2019-12-04T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Parker Science Result animations",
            "description": "On Dec. 4, 2019, four new papers in the journal Nature describe what scientists working with data from NASA's Parker Solar Probe have learned from this unprecedented exploration of our star — and what they look forward to learning next. These findings reveal new information about the behavior of the material and particles that speed away from the Sun, bringing scientists closer to answering fundamental questions about the physics of our star. These animations represent five of those findings. || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 11382,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11382/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-10-30T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Five Years of Great Discoveries for NASA's IBEX",
            "description": "Launched on Oct. 19, 2008, the Interstellar Boundary Explorer, or IBEX, spacecraft, is unique to NASA's heliophysics fleet: it images the outer boundary of the heliosphere, a boundary at the furthest edges of the solar system, far past the planets, some 8 million miles away. There, the constant stream of solar particles flowing off the sun, the solar wind, pushes up against the interstellar material flowing in from the local galactic neighborhood.IBEX is also different because it creates images from particles instead of light. IBEX, scientists create maps from the observed neutral atoms. Some are of non-solar origin, others were created by collisions of solar wind particles with other neutral atoms far from the sun. Observing where these energetic neutral atoms, or ENAs, come from describes what's going on in these distant regions. Over the course of six months and many orbits around Earth, IBEX can paint a picture of the entire sky in ENAs.During its first five years, IBEX has made some astounding discoveries.IBEX is a NASA Heliophysics Small Explorer mission. The Southwest Research Institute in San Antonio, Texas, leads IBEX with teams of national and international partners. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md., manages the Explorers Program for the agency's Science Mission Directorate in Washington. || ",
            "hits": 59
        },
        {
            "id": 4087,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4087/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-07-10T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX Heliotail Observations",
            "description": "The IBEX (Interstellar Boundary EXplorer) continues to collect data on the flux of neutral atoms from the boundary of the solar wind with the interstellar medium.Starting with the IBEX satellite in orbit around the Earth, we zoom out to beyond the orbit of Neptune, illustrating the direction of the Sun relative to the local stars (red arrow) and relative to the local interstellar medium (violet arrow). These directions are different because the local interstellar medium (mostly gas and dust) move relative to the local stars.The boundaries of the termination shock (red ellipsoidal surface) and heliopause (green) created by the interaction of the solar wind with the interstellar medium is displayed. The camera rotates to a view 'nose on' with the heliopause, and a sphere is faded in representing the region where the neutral atoms detected by IBEX originate. The sphere around the Sun is 'unwrapped' to reproject the IBEX data into an approximately Aitoff projection. || ",
            "hits": 71
        },
        {
            "id": 11306,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11306/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-07-10T12:30:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX Maps Solar System's Tail",
            "description": "NASA’s Interstellar Boundary Explorer, or IBEX, recently mapped the boundaries of the solar system’s tail, called the heliotail. By combining observations from the first three years of IBEX imagery, scientists have mapped out a tail that shows a combination of fast and slow moving particles. The entire structure twisted, because it experiences the pushing and pulling of magnetic fields outside the solar system.To view this video on YouTube, click here. || ",
            "hits": 56
        },
        {
            "id": 10908,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10908/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-05-10T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX: Observing the Sun's Horizon",
            "description": "The Interstellar Boundary Explorer, or IBEX, is the first mission designed to map the entire region of the boundary of our Solar System. As charged particles from the Sun, called the \"solar wind,\" flow outward well beyond the orbits of the planets, they collide with the material between the stars, called the \"interstellar medium\" (ISM). These interactions create energetic neutral atoms (ENAs), particles with no charge that move very quickly. This region emits no light that can be collected by conventional telescopes so, instead, IBEX measures the particles that happen to be traveling inward from the boundary. IBEX contains two detectors designed to collect and measure ENAs, providing data about the mass, location, direction of origin, and energy of these particles. From these data, maps of the boundary are created. IBEX's sole, focused science objective is to discover the nature of the interactions between the solar wind and the interstellar medium at the edge of our Solar System. || ",
            "hits": 60
        },
        {
            "id": 3900,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3900/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-01-31T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Local Interstellar Wind as Seen by IBEX",
            "description": "This visual presents a color-coded full-sky neutral atom map in a Hammer projection. This map is different from earlier IBEX maps in that it shows atoms only at energies where the interstellar wind is the brightest feature in the maps. In Earth's orbit, where IBEX makes its observations, the maximum flow (in red) is seen to arrive from Libra instead of Scorpio because the interstellar wind is forced to curve around the Sun by gravity. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 10905,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10905/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-01-31T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Interstellar Neutral Atoms",
            "description": "Animation of the interstellar interaction with our Sun-one of billions of stars that orbits around the galaxy. As we zoom in through the galaxy we can see our heliosphere; then if we travel along with the interstellar material, we can see how only a very rare few are directed along precisely the right path to make the 30 year, 15 billion mile journey and enter IBEX's low energy sensor and be detected.For press release media associated with this animation, go: here. || ",
            "hits": 65
        },
        {
            "id": 10906,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10906/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-01-31T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's IBEX Spacecraft Reveals New Observations of Interstellar Matter",
            "description": "A great magnetic bubble surrounds the solar system as it cruises through the galaxy. The sun pumps the inside of the bubble full of solar particles that stream out to the edge until they collide with the material that fills the rest of the galaxy, at a complex boundary called the heliosheath. On the other side of the boundary, electrically charged particles from the galactic wind blow by, but rebound off the heliosheath, never to enter the solar system. Neutral particles, on the other hand, are a different story. They saunter across the boundary as if it weren't there, continuing on another 7.5 billion miles for 30 years until they get caught by the sun's gravity, and sling shot around the star. There, NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer lies in wait for them. Known as IBEX for short, this spacecraft methodically measures these samples of the mysterious neighborhood beyond our home. IBEX scans the entire sky once a year, and every February, its instruments point in the correct direction to intercept incoming neutral atoms. IBEX counted those atoms in 2009 and 2010 and has now captured the best and most complete glimpse of the material that lies so far outside our own system. The results? It's an alien environment out there: the material in that galactic wind doesn't look like the same stuff our solar system is made of.More than just helping to determine the distribution of elements in the galactic wind, these new measurements give clues about how and where our solar system formed, the forces that physically shape our solar system, and even the history of other stars in the Milky Way.In a series of science papers appearing in the Astrophysics Journal on January 31, 2012, scientists report that for every 20 neon atoms in the galactic wind, there are 74 oxygen atoms. In our own solar system, however, for every 20 neon atoms there are 111 oxygen atoms. That translates to more oxygen in any given slice of the solar system than in the local interstellar space. For media associated with this release, go to #10905 and #3900. || ",
            "hits": 163
        },
        {
            "id": 10790,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10790/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-06-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Voyager Satellites Find Magnetic Bubbles at Edge of Solar System",
            "description": "The sun's magnetic field spins opposite directions on the north and south poles. These oppositely pointing magnetic fields are separated by a layer of current called the heliospheric current sheet. Due to the tilt of the magnetic axis in relation to the axis of rotation of the Sun, the heliospheric current sheet flaps like a flag in the wind. The flapping current sheet separates regions of oppositely pointing magnetic field, called sectors. As the solar wind speed decreases past the termination shock, the sectors squeeze together, bringing regions of opposite magnetic field closer to each other. The Voyager spacecraft have now found that when the separation of sectors becomes very small, the sectored magnetic field breaks up into a sea of nested \"magnetic bubbles\" in a phenomenon called magnetic reconnection. The region of nested bubbles is carried by the solar wind to the north and south filling out the entire front region of the heliopause and the sector region in the heliosheath.This discovery has prompted a complete revision of what the heliosheath region looks like. The smooth, streamlined look is gone, replaced with a bubbly, frothy outer layer. More animations about the Voyager magnetic bubbles discovery are available. || ",
            "hits": 168
        },
        {
            "id": 10791,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10791/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-06-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Voyager Heliosheath Bubbles Animations",
            "description": "Animations showing the new Voyager findings about the magnetic field in the heliosheath.For more videos and stills about the Voyager magnetic bubbles discovery, go here. || ",
            "hits": 99
        },
        {
            "id": 20185,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20185/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2010-10-01T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Heliopause Cycle",
            "description": "This animation shows the heliosphere expanding and contracting in response to the solar cycle. As the sun reaches solar maximum, the solar wind increases and expands the heliosphere. During solar minimum, the heliosphere contracts. || ",
            "hits": 92
        },
        {
            "id": 20186,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20186/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2010-10-01T11:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Cosmic Rays and the Heliopause",
            "description": "This animation shows how variations in the size of the heliosphere affect how many cosmic rays reach Earth. As the heliosphere expands, it blocks more cosmic rays, and as it contracts, more cosmic rays get through and can affect astronauts and satellites. || ",
            "hits": 85
        },
        {
            "id": 10669,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10669/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-30T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA Mission Shows Evolution of Conditions at Edge of Solar System",
            "description": "New data from NASA's Interstellar Boundary Explorer, or IBEX, spacecraft, reveal that conditions at the edge of our solar system may be much more dynamic than previously thought. Future exploration missions will benefit in design and mission objectives from a better understanding of the changing conditions in this outer region of our solar system.The IBEX has produced a new set of \"all-sky\" maps of our solar system's interaction with the galaxy, allowing researchers to continue viewing and studying the interaction between our galaxy and sun. The new maps reveal changing conditions in the region that separates the nearest reaches of our galaxy, called the local interstellar medium, from our heliosphere — a protective bubble that shields and protects our solar system.In October 2009, scientists announced that the first map data produced by IBEX revealed an unpredicted bright ribbon of energetic neutral atoms emanating toward the sun from the edge of the solar system. This discovery was unexpected to scientists, because the ribbon of bright emissions did not resemble any previous theoretical models of the region.The IBEX spacecraft creates sky maps by measuring and counting particles referred to as energetic neutral atoms that are created in an area of our solar system known as the interstellar boundary region. This imaging technique is required since this region emits no light that can be collected by conventional telescopes. This interstellar boundary is where charged particles from the sun, called the solar wind, flow outward far beyond the orbits of the planets and collide with material between stars. These collisions cause energetic neutral atoms to travel inward toward the sun from interstellar space at velocities ranging from 100,000 mph to more than 2.4 million mph.This second set of all-sky maps, created using data collected during six months of observations, show the evolution of the interstellar boundary region. The maps help delineate the interstellar boundary region, the area at the edge of our solar system that shields it from most of the dangerous galactic cosmic radiation that would otherwise enter from interstellar space. The new findings were published this week in the Journal of Geophysical Research - Space Physics, a publication of the American Geophysical Union. || ",
            "hits": 71
        },
        {
            "id": 3769,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3769/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-09-30T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX Skymaps and the Bright Stars",
            "description": "In this image set, the brighter stars from the Tycho skymap have been reprojected into positions corresponding to the coordinate system used by the IBEX mission.The colors represent the number of neutral atoms (in the specified band of energies) detected by IBEX in each block of sky. Each block in the map is roughly a square about 6 degrees by 6 degrees (or the width of 12 full Moons, on a side). For the energy band displayed of 2.73 keV, violet corresponds to undetectable emission, while red corresponds to the detection of about 50 atoms per second per square centimeter in the angular segment of the sky. There is a 'hole' in the data (black) created when the IBEX scan cuts through the Earth's magnetotail.The images in this set have been co-registered for easy compositing. || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 3770,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3770/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-09-30T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX Observes Changes in Heliopause Emission",
            "description": "The camera view moves from the heliosphere 'nose', the apparent direction of the heliopause relative to the interstellar wind, towards the 'knot'. The 'knot' represents a direction of high emission of neutral atoms which has changed significantly in the six months since the first IBEX map.We fade-in an artistic conception of the 'knot', which untangles during the six months as we fade to the second IBEX map. || ",
            "hits": 13
        },
        {
            "id": 10654,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10654/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-09-22T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Introduction to the Heliopause",
            "description": "Dr. Merav Opher talks about the heliopause, the distant region where the solar wind collides with the interstellar medium. She is an astrophysicist and an associate professor of physics and astronomy at George Mason University.  These short videos were produced for the Sun-Earth Connection Education Forum and the Space Weather Media Viewer. The Space Weather Media Viewer is an application built to support Education and Public Outreach activities of NASA. Many of the images that appear in this viewer are \"near-real time\" and come from a variety of NASA Missions. || ",
            "hits": 184
        },
        {
            "id": 3635,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3635/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-15T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX First Skymap Release",
            "description": "The Interstellar Boundary Explorer (IBEX) mission science team has used data from NASA's IBEX spacecraft to construct the first-ever all-sky map of the interactions occurring at the edge of the solar system, where the sun's influence diminishes and interacts with the interstellar medium. The interstellar boundary region shields our solar system from most of the dangerous galactic cosmic radiation that would otherwise enter from interstellar space.This visualization illustrates the IBEX satellite in Earth orbit (the orbit reaching almost as far as the orbit of the Moon) and pulls out to beyond the heliopause boundary (the true 3-D nature of the boundary is reduced to a 2-D spherical surface). The sphere with the skymap opens to reproject the data into a near-Aitoff type map projection.The skymap shows the measured flux of energetic neutral atoms (ENAs). || ",
            "hits": 40
        },
        {
            "id": 10499,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10499/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-10-15T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Zoom from the Milky Way Galaxy to our Heliosphere",
            "description": "This is an updated version of an older animation. Starting with a view of our Milky Way galaxy, the orange gas in the animation represents the interstellar medium. The bow shock is created because the heliosphere is moving through like a boat through the water, crashing through the interstellar gases. || ",
            "hits": 151
        },
        {
            "id": 3595,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3595/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-07-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sentinels of the Heliosphere",
            "description": "Heliophysics is a term to describe the study of the Sun, its atmosphere or the heliosphere, and the planets within it as a system. As a result, it encompasses the study of planetary atmospheres and their magnetic environment, or magnetospheres. These environments are important in the study of space weather.As a society dependent on technology, both in everyday life, and as part of our economic growth, space weather becomes increasingly important. Changes in space weather, either by solar events or geomagnetic events, can disrupt and even damage power grids and satellite communications. Space weather events can also generate x-rays and gamma-rays, as well as particle radiations, that can jeopardize the lives of astronauts living and working in space.This visualization tours the regions of near-Earth orbit; the Earth's magnetosphere, sometimes called geospace; the region between the Earth and the Sun; and finally out beyond Pluto, where Voyager 1 and 2 are exploring the boundary between the Sun and the rest of our Milky Way galaxy. Along the way, we see these regions patrolled by a fleet of satellites that make up NASA's Heliophysics Observatory Telescopes. Many of these spacecraft do not take images in the conventional sense but record fields, particle energies and fluxes in situ. Many of these missions are operated in conjunction with international partners, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA).The Earth and distances are to scale. Larger objects are used to represent the satellites and other planets for clarity.Here are the spacecraft featured in this movie:Near-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTRACE: Observes the Sun in visible and ultraviolet wavelengths. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageGeospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of five satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. SVS pageL1 Fleet: The L1 point is a Lagrange Point, a point between the Earth and the Sun where the gravitational pull is approximately equal. Spacecraft can orbit this location for continuous coverage of the Sun.SOHO: Studies the Sun with cameras and a multitude of other instruments. SVS pageACE: Measures the composition and characteristics of the solar wind. Wind: Measures particle flows and fields in the solar wind. Heliospheric FleetSTEREO-A and B: These two satellites observe the Sun, with imagers and particle detectors, off the Earth-Sun line, providing a 3-D view of solar activity. SVS pageHeliopause FleetVoyager 1 and 2: These spacecraft conducted the original 'Planetary Grand Tour' of the solar system in the 1970s and 1980s. They have now travelled further than any human-built spacecraft and are still returning measurements of the interplanetary medium. SVS pageThis enhanced, narrated visualization was shown at the SIGGRAPH 2009 Computer Animation Festival in New Orleans, LA in August 2009; an eariler version created for AGU was called NASA's Heliophysics Observatories Study the Sun and Geospace. || ",
            "hits": 162
        },
        {
            "id": 3570,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3570/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-12-15T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "NASA's Heliophysics Observatories Study the Sun and Geospace",
            "description": "Heliophysics is a term to describe the study of the Sun, its atmosphere or the heliosphere, and the planets within it as a system. As a result, it encompasses the study of planetary atmospheres and their magnetic environment, or magnetospheres. These environments are important in the study of space weather.As a society dependent on technology, both in everyday life, and as part of our economic growth, space weather becomes increasingly important. Changes in space weather, either by solar events or geomagnetic events, can disrupt and even damage power grids and satellite communications. Space weather events can also generate x-rays and gamma-rays, as well as particle radiations, that can jeopardize the lives of astronauts living and working in space.This visualization tours the regions of near-Earth orbit; the Earth's magnetosphere, sometimes called geospace; the region between the Earth and the Sun; and finally out beyond Pluto, where Voyager 1 and 2 are exploring the boundary between the Sun and the rest of our Milky Way galaxy. Along the way, we see these regions patrolled by a fleet of satellites that make up NASA's Heliophysics Observatory Telescopes. Many of these spacecraft do not take images in the conventional sense but record fields, particle energies and fluxes in situ. Many of these missions are operated in conjunction with international partners, such as the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Japanese Space Agency (JAXA).The Earth and distances are to scale. Larger objects are used to represent the satellites and other planets for clarity.Here are the spacecraft featured in this movie:Near-Earth Fleet:Hinode: Observes the Sun in multiple wavelengths up to x-rays. SVS pageRHESSI : Observes the Sun in x-rays and gamma-rays. SVS pageTRACE: Observes the Sun in visible and ultraviolet wavelengths. SVS pageTIMED: Studies the upper layers (40-110 miles up) of the Earth's atmosphere.FAST: Measures particles and fields in regions where aurora form.CINDI: Measures interactions of neutral and charged particles in the ionosphere. AIM: Images and measures noctilucent clouds. SVS pageGeospace Fleet:Geotail: Conducts measurements of electrons and ions in the Earth's magnetotail. Cluster: This is a group of four satellites which fly in formation to measure how particles and fields in the magnetosphere vary in space and time. SVS pageTHEMIS: This is a fleet of five satellites to study how magnetospheric instabilities produce substorms. SVS pageL1 Fleet: The L1 point is a Lagrange Point between the Sun and the Earth. Spacecraft can orbit this location for continuous coverage of the Sun.SOHO: Studies the Sun with cameras and a multitude of other instruments. SVS pageACE: Measures the composition and characteristics of the solar wind. Wind: Measures particle flows and fields in the solar wind. Heliospheric FleetSTEREO-A and B: These two satellites observe the Sun, with imagers and particle detectors, off the Earth-Sun line, providing a 3-D view of solar activity. SVS pageHeliopause FleetVoyager 1 and 2: These spacecraft conducted the original 'Planetary Grand Tour' of the solar system in the 1970s and 1980s. They have now travelled further than any human-built spacecraft and are still returning measurements of the interplanetary medium. SVS pageA refined and narrated version of this visualization, Sentinels of the Heliosphere, is now available. || ",
            "hits": 98
        },
        {
            "id": 3514,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3514/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2008-10-03T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX Orbit Visualization",
            "description": "The Interstellar Boundary EXplorer (IBEX) mission will observe the boundary between the heliosphere and the interstellar medium from a location near the Earth. The mission will measure the flux of hydrogen Energetic Neutral Atoms (ENAs) which can be directed towards the Sun by an interaction with the heliosheath. In this visualization, we see the orbit of the spacecraft orbit (green) in relation to the Earth, the orbit of the Moon (gray), and Sun.  For more information, visit the IBEX Mission Project Page at Southwest Research Institute which is managing the mission. We also have additional video outlining the mission (link). || ",
            "hits": 45
        },
        {
            "id": 10260,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10260/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-06-14T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IBEX: Exploring The Edge Of Our Solar System",
            "description": "IBEX is a new NASA mission that will study the interaction between the solar wind and the material beyond our Solar System called the interstellar medium. The solar wind flowing out of the sun inflates a bubble that we call the heliosphere. IBEX's job is to study those boundaries and understand how they really work and tell us how the heliosphere is able to do the important job of protecting us here on Earth as well as astronauts in space from the dangerous galactic cosmic rays.To learn more about IBEX, go to www.nasa.gov/ibex. || ",
            "hits": 123
        },
        {
            "id": 20134,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20134/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2008-04-02T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Journey to the Heliopause II",
            "description": "This animation is an update HD version of #010149 that starts at the Sun and pulls back to reveal the Heliosphere. || ",
            "hits": 20
        },
        {
            "id": 20132,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20132/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2008-01-23T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Voyager 2 Proves Solar System is Squashed",
            "description": "As of August 30, 2007, NASA's Voyager 2 spacecraft has followed its twin Voyager 1 into the solar system's final frontier, a vast region at the edge of our solar system where the solar wind runs up against the thin gas between the stars. || ",
            "hits": 120
        },
        {
            "id": 20130,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20130/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2007-12-10T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Voyager 2",
            "description": "This animation shows Voyager 2 on its journey to the Heliopause. || Voyager 2 animation || VgerII060000602_print.jpg (1024x576) [60.8 KB] || VgerII0600_web.png (320x180) [264.4 KB] || VgerII0600_thm.png (80x40) [16.3 KB] || 1280x720_16x9_60p (1280x720) [64.0 KB] || 20130_Voyager_2_Heliopause.mov (1280x720) [326.2 MB] || VgerII_720p.m2v (1280x720) [29.5 MB] || VgerII_720p.webmhd.webm (960x540) [5.0 MB] || a010179_VgerII_720p.mp4 (640x360) [3.4 MB] || VgerII_512x288.m1v (512x288) [6.4 MB] || ",
            "hits": 92
        },
        {
            "id": 20107,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20107/",
            "result_type": "Animation",
            "release_date": "2007-08-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Journey to the Heliopause",
            "description": "This animation starts at our Sun and quickly zooms out through the solar system to reveal the Heliosphere and the Heliopause where Voyager I passed through in November 2003. || ",
            "hits": 51
        }
    ]
}