{
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    "next": null,
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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 31195,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31195/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2024-04-16T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "50+ years of Landsat: Las Vegas",
            "description": "The city of Las Vegas—meaning the meadows—was established in 1905. In the 1930s, gambling became legalized and construction of the Hoover Dam began, resulting in the city's first growth spurt. Since then, Las Vegas has not stopped growing. Population has reached nearly two million over the past decade, becoming one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the world. These false-color images show the rapid urbanization of Las Vegas between 1972 and 2024.",
            "hits": 302
        },
        {
            "id": 31196,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31196/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2022-10-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "50 years of Landsat: Denver",
            "description": "Since 1972, Landsat satellites have observed our planet’s forests, deserts, cities, farms, and badlands. The Mile High City rose up on the hopes of gold miners, who founded the city in 1858 after the discovery of gold in the waters at the confluence of the South Platte River and Cherry Creek. Denver, Colorado, quickly became a hub for the mining towns to the west and the agricultural interests on the plains to the east. Unhindered by any major body of water or topographic feature to the north, south, or east, the city has expanded in all directions. These red-NIR-green combination false color images show the city of Denver between 1972 or 1972 and 2022, using sensors aboard Landsat satellites that have been collecting data in different ranges of frequencies along the electromagnetic spectrum for nearly 50 years. || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 14198,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14198/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2022-08-11T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Listening to the Amazon: Tracking Deforestation Through Sound",
            "description": "Complete transcript available. || Thumbnail_print.jpg (1024x574) [240.6 KB] || Thumbnail.png (2858x1604) [7.8 MB] || Thumbnail_searchweb.png (320x180) [150.3 KB] || Thumbnail_web.png (320x179) [150.3 KB] || Thumbnail_thm.png (80x40) [12.4 KB] || Sounds_of_the_Amazon_Final.webm (1920x1080) [28.0 MB] || Sounds_of_the_Amazon_Final.mp4 (1920x1080) [353.5 MB] || Transcript_otter_ai.en_US.srt [2.6 KB] || Transcript_otter_ai.en_US.vtt [2.6 KB] || ",
            "hits": 544
        },
        {
            "id": 13910,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13910/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2021-08-18T14:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Snack Time with NASA",
            "description": "Snack Time with NASA digs into the science behind what’s on your plate from a tasty cheese board, to seafood, to fresh produce, to chips and dip.Food can bring us a sense of home, and it connects people all around the world. With observations from space and aircraft, combined with high-end computer modeling, NASA scientists work together with partner agencies, organizations, farmers, ranchers, fishermen, and decision makers to understand the relationship between the Earth system and the environments that provide us food. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 4826,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4826/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Brazil and Novo Progresso Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This animation begins by showing the similar sizes between the country of Brazil and the United States. It then cycles through over three decades of classification data for the entire Northern half of Brazil. We then zoom down to the town of Novo Progresso and compare its relative size to the San Francisco Bay region. Next we cycle through over three decades of transformation in the region showing how the north/south corridor of this region changed over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || novo_progressov_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [287.1 KB] || novo_progressov_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (180x320) [105.7 KB] || novo_progressov_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || novo_progressov_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [48.9 MB] || example_composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || novo_progressov_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || novo_progressov_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [199 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 50
        },
        {
            "id": 4827,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4827/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Novo Progresso Surrounding Region Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the region surrounding the town of Novo Progresso and compare its relative size to the San Francisco Bay region. Next we cycle through over three decades of transformation in the region showing how the north/south corridor of this area opened up over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || novo_wide_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [387.4 KB] || novo_wide_finalcomp.1116_print.jpg (1024x576) [221.0 KB] || novo_wide_finalcomp_1080p30_2.mp4 (1920x1080) [30.2 MB] || novo_wide_finalcomp_1080p30_2.webm (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || novo_wide_finalcomp_1080p30_2.mp4.hwshow [195 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 70
        },
        {
            "id": 4828,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4828/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Colider Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the region surrounding the town of Colider and compares its relative size to Northern California. Next we cycle through over three decades of land use transformation showing cropland a pasture expansion over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || colider_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [548.1 KB] || colider_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [144.4 KB] || colider_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [8.4 KB] || colider_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [40.2 MB] || colider_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.0 MB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || colider_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [191 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 31
        },
        {
            "id": 4829,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4829/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Ji-Paraná Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the region surrounding the town of Ji Parana and compares its relative size to the San Francisco Bay area. Next we cycle through over three decades of land use transformation showing cropland a pasture expansion over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || ji_parana_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [412.8 KB] || ji_parana_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [133.8 KB] || ji_parana_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || ji_parana_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [34.0 MB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ji_parana_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.8 MB] || ji_parana_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [193 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 59
        },
        {
            "id": 4830,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4830/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Rio Branco Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the region surrounding the town of Rio Branco and compares its relative size to the San Francisco Bay area. Next we cycle through over three decades of land use transformation showing pasture expansion over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || rio_branco_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [331.8 KB] || rio_branco_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [108.8 KB] || rio_branco_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || rio_branco_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [24.0 MB] || rio_branco_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.4 MB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || rio_branco_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 57
        },
        {
            "id": 4831,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4831/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Uatumã Biological Reserve Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the Uatumã Biological Reserve and compares its relative size to the San Francisco Bay area. Next we cycle through over three decades of land use transformation to show the lake formation over time as well as the increased pasture and croplands to the west of the lake. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || dam_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [216.7 KB] || dam_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [80.9 KB] || dam_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [5.9 KB] || dam_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.1 MB] || Example_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || dam_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.3 MB] || dam_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [187 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 51
        },
        {
            "id": 4832,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4832/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Itaituba and Uruara Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. It then zooms down to the region between Itaituba and Uruara and compares its relative size to the San Francisco Bay area. Next we cycle through over three decades of land use transformation showing pasture expansion over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || ruropolis_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [345.6 KB] || ruropolis_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [116.9 KB] || ruropolis_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [7.6 KB] || ruropolis_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [29.5 MB] || Sample_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || ruropolis_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.5 MB] || ruropolis_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [193 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 28
        },
        {
            "id": 4833,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4833/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Northern Brazil Land Use Data Over Time",
            "description": "This data visualization begins with a wide view of Northern Brazil. While zooming in a little closer an image of the United States fades in to get the relative size of the region. Next we cycle through over three decades of transformation in the region showing land use change over time. Lastly, we fade in 2019 fire data to indicate how the data will continue to change into the upcoming year. || brazil_wide_finalcomp.2009_print.jpg (1024x576) [451.8 KB] || brazil_wide_finalcomp.2009_searchweb.png (320x180) [128.6 KB] || brazil_wide_finalcomp.2009_thm.png (80x40) [8.1 KB] || brazil_wide_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.3 MB] || Sample_Composite (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || brazil_wide_finalcomp_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.8 MB] || brazil_wide_finalcomp_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [195 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 84
        },
        {
            "id": 13694,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13694/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Tracking Amazon Deforestation",
            "description": "The Amazon is the largest tropical rainforest in the world, nearly as big as the continental United States. But every year, less of that forest is still standing. Today's deforestation across the Amazon frontier is tractors and bulldozers clearing large swaths to make room for industrial-scale cattle ranching and crops. Landsat satellite data is used to map land cover in Brazil with a historical perspective, going back to 1984.Music: Organic Circuit by Richard Birkin [PRS]; Into the Atmosphere by Sam Joseph Delves [PRS]; Ethereal Journey by Noé Bailleux [SACEM]; Wildfires by Magnum Opus [ASCAP]; Letter For Tomorrow by Anthony d’Amario [SACEM].Complete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || Amazon_clearing_poster.jpg (3840x2160) [2.4 MB] || Amazon_clearing_DSC_1491.jpg (6000x4000) [5.3 MB] || Amazon_clearing_poster_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.6 KB] || Amazon_clearing_poster_thm.png (80x40) [5.8 KB] || 13694_Amazon_deforestation_yt.mp4 (1920x1080) [417.9 MB] || 13694_Amazon_deforestation_tw.mp4 (1280x720) [89.4 MB] || 13694_Amazon_deforestation_yt.webm (1920x1080) [45.5 MB] || 13694_Amazon_deforestation-captions.en_US.srt [7.1 KB] || 13694_Amazon_deforestation-captions.en_US.vtt [6.9 KB] || ",
            "hits": 874
        },
        {
            "id": 4900,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4900/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2021-04-19T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Novo Progresso Deforestation Soccer Field Comparison",
            "description": "Animation begins with a stylized bright green soccer field. Soccer fields then fall into place over a recently deforested field showing the estimated size of the newly cleared field. The camera then pulls back to reveal all the recently deforested areas (shown in bright green) around Novo Progresso from 2017 to 2018. || soccer_comp.0700_print.jpg (1024x576) [161.5 KB] || soccer_comp.0700_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.8 KB] || soccer_comp.0700_thm.png (80x40) [14.1 KB] || soccer_2017_2018_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [28.6 MB] || 2017_to_2018 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || soccer_2017_2018_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.7 MB] || soccer_2017_2018_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [190 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 80
        },
        {
            "id": 13592,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13592/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-04-23T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Guiding Farmers with NASA Satellites",
            "description": "Agriculture in Pakistan is dependent on irrigation from the Indus River, but over the years, these freshwater resources have become scarce. Today, it is one of the world’s most depleted basins. To tackle this, farmers are attempting to predict and track freshwater resources with the help of NASA satellites and cell phones. || ",
            "hits": 38
        },
        {
            "id": 30215,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30215/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2019-03-15T18:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Urban Growth in Las Vegas",
            "description": "The city of Las Vegas—meaning the meadows—was established in 1905. Its grassy meadows and artesian springs attracted settlers traveling across the arid Desert Southwest in the early 1800s. In the 1930s, gambling became legalized and construction of the Hoover Dam began, resulting in the city's first growth spurt. Since then, Las Vegas has not stopped growing. Population has reached nearly two million over the past decade, becoming one of the fastest growing metropolitan areas in the world. These false-color images show the rapid urbanization of Las Vegas between 1972 and 2018. The city streets and other impervious surfaces appear gray, while irrigated vegetation appears red. Over the years, the expansion of irrigated vegetation (e.g., lawns and golf courses) has stretched the city’s desert bounds. || ",
            "hits": 774
        },
        {
            "id": 12051,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12051/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2018-04-27T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "25 Years of Forest Dynamics",
            "description": "Annual maps of the lower-48 United States produced from Landsat data illustrate how forests changed from 1986-2010. Logging and hurricanes play a significant role in the Southeast, and fires and insect invasion damage forest canopy in the West.Complete transcript available.Music credit: Dusk On The Plains by B. BostonWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1280_print.jpg (1024x576) [102.9 KB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1280_searchweb.png (320x180) [68.6 KB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1280_thm.png (80x40) [5.2 KB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [135.8 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [135.9 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049.webm (960x540) [116.6 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_large.mp4 (1920x1080) [292.3 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1280.mp4 (1280x720) [291.8 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049.mpeg (1280x720) [974.1 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics-captions.en_US.vtt [6.7 KB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics-captions.en_US.srt [6.6 KB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [47.4 MB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics-youtube4K.mp4 (3840x2160) [1.1 GB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [3.6 GB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_1920_VX-280049_prores.mov (1280x720) [4.2 GB] || 12051_Forest_Dynamics_UHD.mov (3840x2160) [30.7 GB] || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 30874,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30874/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2017-03-24T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Sprawling Shanghai",
            "description": "Shanghai sprawl over time, 1984-2022 || shanghai_2022_00865_print.jpg (1024x576) [263.9 KB] || shanghai_2022_00865_searchweb.png (320x180) [123.1 KB] || shanghai_2022_00865_thm.png (80x40) [7.5 KB] || shanghai_2022_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [37.5 MB] || shanghai_2022_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [4.1 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || shanghai_2022_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [135.9 MB] ||",
            "hits": 168
        },
        {
            "id": 30545,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30545/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2014-11-05T15:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Tesso Nilo National Park",
            "description": "Landsat timeseries of Tesso Nilo National Park || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid_print.jpg (1024x576) [242.3 KB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid_web.png (320x180) [115.4 KB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid_searchweb.png (320x180) [115.4 KB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid_thm.png (80x40) [15.4 KB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid.tif (5760x3240) [53.4 MB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid.pptx [1.3 MB] || tesso_nilo_1990-2014_9_image_grid.key [35.9 MB] || ",
            "hits": 40
        },
        {
            "id": 4209,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4209/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Forest Cover Loss 2000-2012 in Colorado, Oklahoma, and Saskatechewan",
            "description": "Twelve years of global deforestation, wildfires, windstorms, insect infestations, and more are captured in a new set of forest disturbance maps created from billions of pixels acquired by the imager on the NASA-USGS Landsat 7 satellite. The maps are the first to measure forest loss and gain using a consistent method around the globe at high spatial resolution, allowing scientists to compare forest changes in different countries and to monitor annual deforestation. Since each pixel in a Landsat image represents a piece of land about the size of a baseball diamond, researchers can see enough detail to tell local, regional and global stories. Hansen and colleagues analyzed 143 billion pixels in 654,000 Landsat images to compile maps of forest loss and gain between 2000 and 2012. During that period, 888,000 square miles (2.3 million square kilometers) of forest was lost, and 308,900 square miles (0.8 million square kilometers) regrew. The researchers, including scientists from the University of Maryland, Google, the State University of New York, Woods Hole Research Center, the U.S. Geological Survey and South Dakota State University, published their work in the Nov. 15, 2013, issue of the journal Science.Key to the project was collaboration with team members from Google Earth Engine, who reproduced in the Google Cloud the models developed at the University of Maryland for processing and characterizing the Landsat data; Google Earth Engine contains a complete copy of the Landsat record. The computing required to generate these maps would have taken 15 years on a single desktop computer, but with cloud computing was performed in a few days.  Since 1972, the Landsat program has played a critical role in monitoring, understanding and managing the resources needed to sustain human life such as food, water and forests. Landsat 8 launched Feb. 11, 2013, and is jointly managed by NASA and USGS to continue the 40-plus years of Earth observations. To view the forest cover maps in Google Earth Engine, visit: http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/google.com/science-2013-global-forest || ",
            "hits": 37
        },
        {
            "id": 11506,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11506/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-03-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Tracking Urban Change With Landsat",
            "description": "For helping communities across the United States stay up-to-date on their flood risk, the NASA/USGS Landsat satellites can take a bow. The Federal Emergency Management Agency uses Landsat images, which can illustrate urban changes, as a key indicator of sites where the agency should further investigate the flooding potential. With its archive of images capturing sprawling cities and new developments, Landsat can help FEMA track how building and construction is impacting an area’s landscapeEarth-observing Landsat satellites have been capturing images of the planet’s surface since 1972. Landsat 8 is the newest satellite in the program, a joint effort between NASA and the U.S. Geological Survey. It launched Feb. 11, 2013, and collects more than 400 images per day. New and archived Landsat data are available free to the public over the internet – and researchers have put the data to a multitude of uses. One is called the National Urban Change Indicator, or NUCI, created by MacDonald, Dettwiler, and Associates, LTD. It’s the results from a process that mines Landsat images over a 27-year period to identify areas of “permanent change,” where soil has been paved over for parking lots or other concrete structures.NUCI results act as a red flag for FEMA, helping the agency focus its mapping efforts and budget. But if maps identify a high risk of floods for a certain community, residents can take action, including elevating houses, building flood barricades, and more. || ",
            "hits": 58
        },
        {
            "id": 11393,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11393/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-11-14T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Forest Cover, Loss, and Gain 2000-2012",
            "description": "Twelve years of global deforestation, wildfires, windstorms, insect infestations, and more are captured in a new set of forest disturbance maps created from billions of pixels acquired by the imager on the NASA-USGS Landsat 7 satellite. The maps are the first to measure forest loss and gain using a consistent method around the globe at high spatial resolution, allowing scientists to compare forest changes in different countries and to monitor annual deforestation. Since each pixel in a Landsat image represents a piece of land about the size of a baseball diamond, researchers can see enough detail to tell local, regional and global stories. Hansen and colleagues analyzed 143 billion pixels in 654,000 Landsat images to compile maps of forest loss and gain between 2000 and 2012. During that period, 888,000 square miles (2.3 million square kilometers) of forest was lost, and 308,900 square miles (0.8 million square kilometers) regrew. The researchers, including scientists from the University of Maryland, Google, the State University of New York, Woods Hole Research Center, the U.S. Geological Survey and South Dakota State University, published their work in the Nov. 15, 2013, issue of the journal Science.Key to the project was collaboration with team members from Google Earth Engine, who reproduced in the Google Cloud the models developed at the University of Maryland for processing and characterizing the Landsat data; Google Earth Engine contains a complete copy of the Landsat record. The computing required to generate these maps would have taken 15 years on a single desktop computer, but with cloud computing was performed in a few days.  Since 1972, the Landsat program has played a critical role in monitoring, understanding and managing the resources needed to sustain human life such as food, water and forests. Landsat 8 launched Feb. 11, 2013, and is jointly managed by NASA and USGS to continue the 40-plus years of Earth observations. To view the forest cover maps in Google Earth Engine, visit: http://earthenginepartners.appspot.com/google.com/science-2013-global-forest || ",
            "hits": 196
        },
        {
            "id": 30479,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30479/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2013-11-12T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Coastal Dead Zones",
            "description": "The size and number of marine dead zones—areas where the deep water is so low in dissolved oxygen that sea creatures can’t survive—have grown explosively in the past half-century. Yellow circles on this map show the location of observed eutrophic zones. Red dots show where hypoxic zones have been observed.It’s no coincidence that dead zones occur downriver of places where land is intensively used for agriculture. Some of the fertilizer we apply to crops is washed into streams and rivers. Fertilizer-laden runoff triggers explosive planktonic algae growth in coastal areas. The algae die and rain down into deep waters, where their remains are like fertilizer for microbes. The microbes decompose the organic matter, using up the oxygen. Mass killing of fish and other sea life often results.Satellites can observe changes in the way the ocean surface reflects and absorbs sunlight when the water holds a lot of particles of organic matter. Darker blues in this image show higher concentrations of particulate organic matter, an indication of the overly fertile waters that can culminate in dead zones. || ",
            "hits": 361
        },
        {
            "id": 30218,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30218/",
            "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual",
            "release_date": "2013-10-21T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Ataturk Dam in Turkey from Landsat",
            "description": "Turkey’s Ataturk Dam was completed in 1990. It is the largest of a series of dams along the two major rivers of the region, the Tigris and Euphrates, which both have their headwaters in southeastern Turkey. It was built both to generate electricity for the region and to irrigate the plains between the Euphrates and the Tigris. In this triplet of Landsat images, the dramatic growth of the Ataturk Dam Lake in the space of 19 years is quite apparent. The newly formed lake, sometimes referred to as a sea by locals, covers some 817 square kilometer in total surface area. When the dam and its associated irrigation channels were finished, agriculture in the Harran Plains expanded. Crops such as cotton could now be grown in the dry season, where previously irrigation was limited to borewater . || ",
            "hits": 208
        },
        {
            "id": 4032,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4032/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-01-14T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Urban Sprawl in Beijing, China (Hyperwall version)",
            "description": "Beijing is one of the oldest, and now, one of the most crowded cities in the world. Established as a city in 1045 BC, King Wu was the first to declare it as a capital in 1057 BC. Having served as the capital of the Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beijing is now the capital of the People's Republic of China. In these Landsat images, the explosive growth of this ancient city is clearly visible. In 1972, only about 7.89 million people lived there — but by 2010 the population swelled to more than 12 million. This increase in the city's size corresponds to the opening of China to the Western world in the 1970s. Up until 1979, the government restricted housing in the city, limiting it to the confines of the \"Outer City.\" Previously a walled fortress, its outline is still visible today due to the build up of canals and roads along the path of the original wall. Inside this rectangular boundary is the ancient heart of the capital, the moat-lined Forbidden City. Called forbidden because anyone entering needed royal permission, this is where the Imperial Palace still stands, once home to 500 years of Chinese emperors. It was Kublai Khan who established the Forbidden City in 1260 A.D. He called it Khanbaliq but Italian explorer Marco Polo called it Cambuluc. It still stands as Beijing's city center. In 1421 the Chinese took the city back and gave it its current name of Beijing. Today, Beijing is only limited by the rugged Taihang Mountains that run to the west and northwest of the city, pushing the population to spread to the south and east across the relatively flat coastal plain. || ",
            "hits": 64
        },
        {
            "id": 3791,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3791/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Urban Sprawl in Beijing, China",
            "description": "Beijing is one of the oldest, and now, one of the most crowded cities in the world. Established as a city in 1045 BC, King Wu was the first to declare it as a capital in 1057 BC. Having served as the capital of the Liao, Jin, Yuan, Ming and Qing Dynasties, Beijing is now the capital of the People's Republic of China. In these Landsat images, the explosive growth of this ancient city is clearly visible. In 1972, only about 7.89 million people lived there — but by 2010 the population swelled to more than 12 million. This increase in the city's size corresponds to the opening of China to the Western world in the 1970s. Up until 1979, the government restricted housing in the city, limiting it to the confines of the \"Outer City.\" Previously a walled fortress, its outline is still visible today due to the build up of canals and roads along the path of the original wall. Inside this rectangular boundary is the ancient heart of the capital, the moat-lined Forbidden City. Called forbidden because anyone entering needed royal permission, this is where the Imperial Palace still stands, once home to 500 years of Chinese emperors. It was Kublai Khan who established the Forbidden City in 1260 A.D. He called it Khanbaliq but Italian explorer Marco Polo called it Cambuluc. It still stands as Beijing's city center. In 1421 the Chinese took the city back and gave it its current name of Beijing. Today, Beijing is only limited by the rugged Taihang Mountains that run to the west and northwest of the city, pushing the population to spread to the south and east across the relatively flat coastal plain. || ",
            "hits": 135
        },
        {
            "id": 3953,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3953/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Mountain Top Removal and Deforestation Throughout the Eastern Seaboard from 2006-2010",
            "description": "Humans actively change the Earth's landscape. Some of these changes can be seen from space through careful analysis of satellite data. In this visualization, we fly over the United States eastern seaboard highlighting large areas of deforestation and mountain top removal (in shades of orange and red) throughout the region. NASA scientists have worked on complex algorithms that allow us to see these changes through time more easily. The data depicted here covers the years 2006-2010. Areas in orange and red are the regions have have sustained the greatest change in this 4 year period. Oranges areas represent older change (closer to 2006) and darker reds are more current (2010). Only areas with greater than 25% tree cover are shown in shades of green. A muted gray-brown color is used for areas with less than 25% tree cover. || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 3964,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3964/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Mountain Top Removal and Vegetation change over the Ouachita Mountains from 2006-2010",
            "description": "Humans actively change the Earth's landscape. Some of these changes can be seen from space through careful analysis of satellite data. In this visualization, we fly over the Ouachita Mountains highlighting (in shades of orange and red) large areas of vegetation change and mountain top removal throughout the region. NASA scientists have worked on complex algorithms that allow us to see these changes through time more easily. The data depicted here covers the years 2006-2010. Areas in orange and red are the regions have have sustained the greatest change in this 4 year period. Oranges areas represent older change (closer to 2006) and darker reds are more current (2010). Only areas with greater than 25% tree cover are shown in shades of green. A muted gray-brown color is used for areas with less than 25% tree cover. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 3967,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3967/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil",
            "description": "In this animation of images from 1975 until 2012, acquired by the Landsat 5 and 7 satellites, enormous tracts of Amazonian forest disappear in Rondonia, a state in Western Brazil.Deforestation in Rondonia in the 1970s until the 1990s had a distinctive \"fishbone\" pattern. Access to this remote region began with a major road cutting through the dense tropical forest, opening up new territory for small farms and ranches. Then, other roads developed at right angles to the initial road. In this visualization, these roads shoot off a stretch of the main \"backbone\" road for about 31 miles (~50 kilometers) long, each secondary road branching off about every 2.5 (~4 kilometers). This creates the \"fishbone\" pattern. Even with the deforestation, Brazil is still home to more than a quarter of Earth's tropical forests. In addition to their astounding biodiversity, these forests act as a major carbon \"sink.\" These are places where carbon dioxide in the atmosphere is absorbed by living things, like trees and plants, and thus the carbon is said to be trapped or sequestered. With increasing carbon dioxide levels around the world, the ability of these forests to hold onto carbon has beneficial implications for stabilizing the world's climate.NASA and the U.S. Department of the Interior through the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) jointly manage Landsat, and the USGS preserves a 40-year archive of Landsat images that is freely available over the Internet. The next Landsat satellite, now known as the Landsat Data Continuity Mission (LDCM) and later to be called Landsat 8, is scheduled for launch in 2013. || ",
            "hits": 98
        },
        {
            "id": 11041,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11041/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-07-23T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Phoenix, AZ",
            "description": "Arizona's capital of Phoenix and its neighboring towns in Maricopa County have undergone a major population boom in the last 40 years, and its effects are seen in everything from the expansion of town and cities and to an increased demand for fresh water. || ",
            "hits": 71
        },
        {
            "id": 11050,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11050/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-07-18T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Landsat 40th Liveshot City Images",
            "description": "The following are U.S. cities imaged by Landsat over its 40 year span. Multiple years of selected cities are grouped together with specific years in parentheses. || Atlanta, Georgia || Atlanta_crop_321_1920x1080.jpg (1920x1080) [3.8 MB] || Atlanta_crop_321_1920x1080_web.png (320x180) [347.9 KB] || landsat_us_city_image.hwshow [65 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 55
        },
        {
            "id": 10967,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10967/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-04-30T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Dalhart, Texas 1972-2011",
            "description": "A water-rich polka dot pattern takes over the traditional rectangular patchwork of fields in this 40 year sequence of Landsat images showing the dry Texas panhandle near the town of Dalhart.  In this series, vegetation appears red and the bare soil of fallow fields or sparsely vegetated grasslands appear white to green.  The blue-gray X near the center of the images marks the town of Dalhart. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 10721,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10721/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-03-05T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Las Vegas, 1972-2021",
            "description": "Timelapse animation of Lake Mead and the city of Las Vegas, Nevada, from 1972-2021, as captured by Landsat sensors. The images are false-color, showing healthy vegetation in red. || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_print.jpg (1024x576) [226.8 KB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_searchweb.png (320x180) [119.1 KB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-tw.mp4 (1920x1080) [64.7 MB] || Las_Vegas-wide-2021.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-tw.webm (1920x1080) [8.0 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021-yt.mp4 (1920x1080) [129.5 MB] || Las_Vegas_1972-2021.mov (1920x1080) [2.3 GB] || ",
            "hits": 340
        },
        {
            "id": 10873,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10873/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-11-15T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Global Rate of Deforestation 2011",
            "description": "Earth's forests are of incalculable value; they are a vital component of the climate system - controlling gas, energy and water exchange between the surface and atmosphere; the tropical forests alone contain half of all biological species - diversity that underpins human and environmental wellbeing; they are a major source of revenue - timber, non-timber forest products and mineral reserves and they are the primary source of energy for over 2 billion people. Forests have never been under more pressure. Demand for their natural wealth and a hunger for land causes forest clearance at alarming rates. The UN Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) estimates that the Earth loses an area about the size of a football field every 3 seconds - in the time it takes to make a sandwich an area equivalent to the National Mall in Washington, D.C., is cleared... somewhere on Earth trees are falling every second of every day. Based on a systematic sample of Landsat imagery at 4,016 locations around the tropical belt the European Commission's TREES 3 project is making estimates of forest cover change for the years 1990, 2000, 2005 and 2010 with new levels of precision. Preliminary results emphasize just how relentless the pressure on our planet is. Using archived and recent Landsat imagery we have measured dramatic changes to the African Continent for example. Since the 1970s natural vegetation (forests and savannas) have been converted to agricultural land at a tremendous pace. Around 50,000 sq. km per year are cleared - an area twice the size of Vermont. With the fastest growing population in the world such land cover conversions are unlikely to slow down any time soon, nor should the measuring programs. Landsat 8 and its European counterpart, Sentinel 2, are not being launched any sooner than they are needed.<!--             —>             <!—    —>  <!—  --> || ",
            "hits": 110
        },
        {
            "id": 10872,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10872/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-11-14T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Amazon Deforestation in Rondonia, Brazil, 2000-2010",
            "description": "The state of Rondonia in western Brazil is observed by satellite. This timelapse of MODIS images shows the reduction of the forest from 2000-2010.Deforestation follows a fairly predictable pattern in these images. The first clearings that appear in the forest are in a fishbone pattern, arrayed along the edges of roads. Over time, the fishbones collapse into a mixture of forest remnants, cleared areas, and settlements. This pattern follows one of the most common deforestation trajectories in the Amazon. Legal and illegal roads penetrate a remote part of the forest, and small farmers migrate to the area. They claim land along the road and clear some of it for crops. Within a few years, heavy rains and erosion deplete the soil, and crop yields fall. Farmers then convert the degraded land to cattle pasture, and clear more forest for crops. Eventually the small land holders, having cleared much of their land, sell it or abandon it to large cattle holders, who consolidate the plots into large areas of pasture. || ",
            "hits": 196
        },
        {
            "id": 3637,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3637/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-10-05T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Deforestation of Rondonia, Brazil from 1975 to 2009",
            "description": "In the 1970s, Brazil's Program of National Integration built roads across the Amazon and settled land along these roads with colonists. These roads were catalysts of land use change in the Amazon.Brazil is also home to more than a quarter of Earth's tropical forests. Considering that the band of lush green that circles the globe through many equatorial nations is fundamental to the overall health of the whole planet's environment, careful monitoring of forest health in the tropics is essential. Tropical forests act as major carbon 'sinks', places where ambient carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be absorbed by growing things and sequestered for years. Definitive evidence shows that excess carbon dioxide can contribute to the greenhouse effect and speed global warming. Similarly, tropical forests also act as a primary producer of oxygen. In the respiration process that absorbs gaseous carbon dioxide, trees and other plants give off oxygen.Data taken in 1975 and 2009 from the Landsat series of spacecraft shows enormous tracts of forest disappearing in Rondonia, Brazil. || ",
            "hits": 154
        },
        {
            "id": 10381,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10381/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-02-27T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "25 Years of Landsat 5: 1984 Las Vegas Urban Expansion",
            "description": "This mosaic of images shows the dramatic growth of the Las Vegas urban area during the 25 years that Landsat 5 has been collecting data. || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_1600_1200.jpg (1600x1200) [912.2 KB] || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_560_420.jpg (560x420) [341.7 KB] || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_1600_1200_web.png (320x240) [354.0 KB] || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_1600_1200_thm.png (80x40) [32.0 KB] || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_1600_1200_searchweb.png (320x180) [144.5 KB] || Las_Vegas_1984_2009_1600_1200.tif (1600x1200) [5.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 50
        },
        {
            "id": 3116,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3116/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-03-02T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Mount St. Helens Before, During, and After (WMS)",
            "description": "Mount St. Helens erupted on May 18, 1980, devastating more than 150 square miles of forest in southwestern Washington state. This animation shows Landsat images of the Mount St. Helens area in 1973, 1983, and 2000, illustrating the destruction and regrowth of the forest. The 1983 image clearly shows the new crater on the northern slope where the eruption occurred, the rivers and lakes covered with ash, and the regions of deforestation. The 2000 image, taken twenty years after the eruption, still shows the changed crater, but much of the devastated area is covered by new vegetation growth. || ",
            "hits": 123
        },
        {
            "id": 3113,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3113/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-17T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Rondonia Deforestation (WMS)",
            "description": "A animation of deforestation in Rondonia from 1975 through 2001 from Landsat imageryThis product is available through our Web Map Service. || rondonia.0002.png (1024x1024) [1.7 MB] || hw_a003113.png (640x27) [13.4 KB] || rondonia_pre.jpg (320x160) [12.1 KB] || rondonia_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || rondonia_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [21.6 KB] || 1024x1024 (1024x1024) [0 Item(s)] || rondonia.webmhd.webm (960x540) [282.8 KB] || rondonia.mp4 (720x720) [606.2 KB] || rondonia.mpg (320x320) [737.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 45
        },
        {
            "id": 3112,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3112/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2005-02-15T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Aral Sea Evaporation (WMS)",
            "description": "The Aral Sea is actually not a sea at all, but an immense fresh water lake. In the last thirty years, more than sixty percent of the lake has disappeared because much of the river flow feeding the lake was diverted to irrigate cotton fields and rice paddies. Concentrations of salts and minerals began to rise in the shrinking body of water, leading to staggering alterations in the lake's ecology and precipitous drops in the Aral's fish population. Powerful winds that blow across this part of Asia routinely pick up and deposit the now exposed lake bed soil. This has contributed to a significant reduction in breathable air quality, and crop yields have been appreciably affected due to heavily salt laden particles falling on arable land. This series of Landsat images taken in 1973, 1987 and 2000 show the profound reduction in overall area at the north end of the Aral, and a commensurate increase in land area as the floor of the sea now lies exposed. || ",
            "hits": 61
        },
        {
            "id": 2210,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2210/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-08-02T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Landsat Witnesses the Destruction of Mesopotamian Ecosystem",
            "description": "In one of the greatest ecological disasters of our time, the ancient marshlands of Mesopotamia are systematically being converted to dry salt flats as a result of human mismanagement of the region's water resources.Landsat satellite imagery reveals that in the last 10 years, wetlands that once covered as much as 20,000 square km in parts of Iraq and Iran have been reduced to a small fraction of their original size. The authors of a new report released by the United Nations Environment Programme (UNEP) at the 11th Stockholm Water Symposium on August 13, 2001, warn that the marshlands could completely disappear within the next 3-5 years unless dramatic steps are taken immediately to reverse the damage being done.The UNEP Executive Director described the wetlands' condition as 'a major environmental catastrophe that will be remembered as one of humanity's worst engineered disasters.' He noted that 'the tragic loss of this rare wetland has occurred in approximately the same period since world leaders pledged to safeguard the environment at the United Nations Conference on Environment and Development (the Earth Summit) held in Rio de Janeiro in 1992.' Regarded by historians as one of the cradles of civilization, the Mesopotamian Fertile Crescent has supported Marsh Arab society for millennia. But through the damming and siphoning off of waters from the Tigris and Euphrates Rivers, the countries of Iran, Iraq, Turkey, and Syria have decimated the ecosystem and, with it, a culture rooted in the dawn of human history (dating back to ancient Sumeria about 5,000 years ago). || ",
            "hits": 56
        },
        {
            "id": 2176,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2176/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-06-12T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impervious Surface Cover: Paved Areas in DC and Baltimore",
            "description": "A special algorithm has been applied to the Landsat 7 image to illuminate the changes in low-density residential land use which exemplify sprawl.There is a link between impervious surfaces within a watershed, (here we see a subset of the Chesapeake Bay watershed area) and the water quality within the watershed. In general, once 10-15 % of an area is covered by impervious surfaces, increased sediments and chemical pollutants in runoff have a measurable effect on water quality. When 15-25% of a watershed is paved or impervious to drainage, increased runoff leads to reduced oxygen levels and impaired stream life. When more then 25% of surfaces are paved, many types of stream life die from the concentrated runoff and sediments. || ",
            "hits": 12
        },
        {
            "id": 2177,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2177/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-06-12T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impervious Surface Cover: Non-Paved Areas",
            "description": "A special algorithm has been applied to the Landsat 7 image to illuminate the changes in low-density residential land use which exemplify sprawl.There is a link between impervious surfaces within a watershed, (here we see a subset of the Chesapeake Bay watershed area) and the water quality within the watershed. In general, once 10-15 % of an area is covered by impervious surfaces, increased sediments and chemical pollutants in runoff have a measurable effect on water quality. When 15-25% of a watershed is paved or impervious to drainage, increased runoff leads to reduced oxygen levels and impaired stream life. When more then 25% of surfaces are paved, many types of stream life die from the concentrated runoff and sediments. || ",
            "hits": 13
        },
        {
            "id": 2178,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2178/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-06-12T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impervious Surface Cover: Full Graph of DC and Baltimore",
            "description": "Here we see an image of the Baltimore/D.C. area taken with the Landsat satellite on March 27, 1998. For over 26 years, Landsat images have been used to help urban planners understand where growth is taking place and help geographers evaluate how different urban planning programs effect population growth and land use. || ",
            "hits": 18
        },
        {
            "id": 2179,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2179/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-06-12T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impervious Surface Cover: Close Up of DC",
            "description": "Here we see an image of the DC area taken with the Landsat satellite on March 27, 1998. For over 26 years, Landsat images have been used to help urban planners understand where growth is taking place and help geographers evaluate how different urban planning programs effect population growth and land use. || ",
            "hits": 9
        },
        {
            "id": 2180,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2180/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-06-12T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impervious Surface Cover: Close Up of Baltimore",
            "description": "Here we see an image of the Baltimore area taken with the Landsat satellite on March 27, 1998. For over 26 years, Landsat images have been used to help urban planners understand where growth is taking place and help geographers evaluate how different urban planning programs effect population growth and land use. || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 2106,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2106/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Deforestation of Rondonia, Brazil, from 1975 to 2001",
            "description": "Throughout much of the 1980s, deforestation in Brazil eliminated more than 15,000 square kilometers (9000 square miles) per year. That pace has only increased through the 90s and into the 21st century.Brazil is also home to more than a quarter of Earth's tropical forests. Considering that the band of lush green that circles the globe through many equatorial nations is fundamental to the overall health of the whole planet's environment, careful monitoring of forest health in the tropics is essential. Tropical forests act as major carbon 'sinks', places where ambient carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be absorbed by growing things and sequestered for years. Definitive evidence shows that excess carbon dioxide can contribute to the greenhouse effect and speed global warming. Similarly, tropical forests also act as a primaryproducer of oxygen. In the respiration process that absorbs gaseous carbon dioxide, trees and other plants give off oxygen.It is for these and a host of other reasons why scientists and policy makers need to monitor and forestall wholesale deforestation.This sequence shows how profligate clear cutting can influence that trust. Data gathered over time by several in the Landsat series of spacecraft shows enormous tracts of forest disappearing in Rondonia, Brazil. This territory underwent an enormous rise in population towards the end of the twentieth century, buoyed by cheap land offered by the national government for agricultural use. As you see the visualization progress, it is useful to note how the human phenomenon of deforestation generally works, especially in the dense tropical forests of Brazil. Systematic cutting of a road opens new territory to potential deforestation by penetrating into new areas. Clearing of vegetation along the sides of those roads tends to fan out to create a pattern akin to a fish skeleton. As new paths appear in the woods, new areas become vulnerable. The spaces between the 'skeletal bones' fall to defoliation, and another inch of the Earth's biological rudder is no longer reliably steering the planet into the future. || ",
            "hits": 65
        },
        {
            "id": 2116,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2116/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-04-19T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Deforestation of Rondonia, Brazil (with dates), from 1975 to 2001",
            "description": "Throughout much of the 1980s, deforestation in Brazil eliminated more than 15,000 square kilometers (9000 square miles) per year. That pace has only increased through the 90s and into the 21st century.Brazil is also home to more than a quarter of Earth's tropical forests. Considering that the band of lush green that circles the globe through many equatorial nations is fundamental to the overall health of the whole planet's environment, careful monitoring of forest health in the tropics is essential. Tropical forests act as major carbon 'sinks', places where ambient carbon dioxide in the atmosphere can be absorbed by growing things and sequestered for years. Definitive evidence shows that excess carbon dioxide can contribute to the greenhouse effect and speed global warming. Similarly, tropical forests also act as a primaryproducer of oxygen. In the respiration process that absorbs gaseous carbon dioxide, trees and other plants give off oxygen.It is for these and a host of other reasons why scientists and policy makers need to monitor and forestall wholesale deforestation.This sequence shows how profligate clear cutting can influence that trust. Data gathered over time by several in the Landsat series of spacecraft shows enormous tracts of forest disappearing in Rondonia, Brazil. This territory underwent an enormous rise in population towards the end of the twentieth century, buoyed by cheap land offered by the national government for agricultural use. As you see the visualization progress, it is useful to note how the human phenomenon of deforestation generally works, especially in the dense tropical forests of Brazil. Systematic cutting of a road opens new territory to potential deforestation by penetrating into new areas. Clearing of vegetation along the sides of those roads tends to fan out to create a pattern akin to a fish skeleton. As new paths appear in the woods, new areas become vulnerable. The spaces between the 'skeletal bones' fall to defoliation, and another inch of the Earth's biological rudder is no longer reliably steering the planet into the future. || ",
            "hits": 138
        },
        {
            "id": 2096,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2096/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Bolivian Deforestation from 1984 to 2000",
            "description": "The Landsat Project was started to study the land and land processes. The program is now working on Landsat 7.We are able to compare older data sets to newer ones. Using a Landsat images of Bolivia taken in 1984 and 2000, we can see the dramatic deforestation of the Bolivian rainforest. || ",
            "hits": 68
        },
        {
            "id": 2093,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2093/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-04-05T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Panda Habitat Deforestation: Highlighting Wolong Preserve",
            "description": "Zoom into China, highlighting the Wolong Preserve. || Animation highlighting the Wolong Preserve (China) || a002093.00350_print.png (720x480) [765.5 KB] || a002093_pre.jpg (320x242) [8.0 KB] || a002093.webmhd.webm (960x540) [2.7 MB] || a002093.dv (720x480) [47.5 MB] || a002093.mpg (352x240) [1.9 MB] || ",
            "hits": 20
        },
        {
            "id": 2094,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2094/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2001-04-05T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Panda Habitat Deforestation: Data",
            "description": "This animation uses a Landsat texture, USGS DEM data for elevation, and the Michigan State data for deforestation. Dissolve between 1965, 1974, and 1997 deforestation data sets. || ",
            "hits": 19
        },
        {
            "id": 1056,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1056/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2000-02-21T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Shenzhen, China Land Use - True Color",
            "description": "Zoom into Shenzen, China.  True color (3,2,1) Landsat inset.  Years 1988, 1989, 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996. || a001056.00005_print.png (720x480) [713.6 KB] || a001056_pre.jpg (320x240) [28.2 KB] || a001056.webmhd.webm (960x540) [7.2 MB] || a001056.m2v (720x480) [22.0 MB] || a001056.dv (720x480) [102.8 MB] || a001056.mp4 (640x480) [5.6 MB] || a001056.mpg (352x240) [3.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 1310,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1310/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-12-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Bolivian Deforestation 1984-1998: Fast Dissolve without Dates",
            "description": "These images show deforestation near Santa Cruz, Bolivia from 1984 to 1998.  In the initial 1984 scene, some clearing has already occurred in the humid forest and chaparral.  The long striped clearings in the center of the scene are predominately from soybean farms created by Mennonite and Japanese farmers. The more circular patterns, appears in a grid pattern to the North (up) and West (left), are government-run and 'national' farms. The scene is roughly 150 miles tall and 200 miles wide. The city of Santa Cruz lies to the west of the river cutting through the scene. || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 1311,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1311/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-12-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Bolivian Deforestation 1984-1998: Fast Dissolve with Dates",
            "description": "An animation of Bolivian deforestation from 1984 to 1998 from Landsat imagery || a001311.00095_print.png (720x480) [402.7 KB] || a001311_thm.png (80x40) [3.9 KB] || a001311_pre.jpg (320x238) [5.5 KB] || a001311_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [35.4 KB] || a001311.webmhd.webm (960x540) [2.3 MB] || a001311.dv (720x480) [79.5 MB] || a001311.mpg (352x240) [2.9 MB] || ",
            "hits": 8
        },
        {
            "id": 1312,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1312/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-12-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Bolivian Deforestation 1984-1998: Slow Dissolve without Dates",
            "description": "An animation of Bolivian deforestation from 1984 to 1998 from Landsat imagery || a001312.00005_print.png (720x480) [401.7 KB] || a001312_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || a001312_pre.jpg (320x238) [5.5 KB] || a001312_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [37.4 KB] || a001312.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.6 MB] || a001312.dv (720x480) [134.2 MB] || a001312.mpg (352x240) [4.8 MB] || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 1313,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1313/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-12-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Bolivian Deforestation 1984-1998: Slow Dissolve with Dates",
            "description": "An animation of Bolivian deforestation from 1984 to 1998 from Landsat imagery || a001313.00005_print.png (720x480) [401.7 KB] || a001313_thm.png (80x40) [3.4 KB] || a001313_pre.jpg (320x238) [5.5 KB] || a001313_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [33.5 KB] || a001313.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.5 MB] || a001313.dv (720x480) [124.5 MB] || a001313.mpg (352x240) [4.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 32
        },
        {
            "id": 900,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/900/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Zoom into Olympic National Forest Time Lapse: 1984 to 1995",
            "description": "The ten small scenes show a one mile square area in the Olympic National Forest to the northwest of the Olympic National Park on the Olympic Pennisula in northwestern Washington State. Clear cutting in the area was already well underway at the time for the first Landsat scene in 1984. Public land use policy changes in the late 1980s resulted in timber cutting relocating from public lands to private holdings. Some revegetation of the clear cut areas can be seen in the later data.A set of four full Landsat scenes showing the entire Olympic Pennisula, including this area of the Olympic National Forest, is also available (see animation 899). North is up in all these images. The Landsat scenes use Thematic Mapper data from bands 5, 4, and 2 displayed as red, green, and blue respectively. In this color scheme, dense conifer coverage appears dark green, bare soil or cultivated land appears reddish, while the light blue on the peaks of mountains and ridges is snow.Zoom into a 1 mile square area in the Olympic National Forest showing appearance on dates: 26 July 1984, 13 July 1985, 29 May 1986, 29 March 1987, 21 September 1987, 21 July 1988, 13 September 1990, 16 September 1991, 2 March 1992, and 11 September 1995 || ",
            "hits": 85
        },
        {
            "id": 1342,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1342/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "BU Graduate Student Conghe Song Taking a GPS Reading in Front of a Recent Clear-cut",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || BU graduate student Conghe Song taking a GPS reading in front of a recent clear-cut. || a001342_still.jpg (720x528) [122.6 KB] || a001342_pre.jpg (320x238) [13.2 KB] || a001342_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || a001342_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [74.4 KB] || ",
            "hits": 6
        },
        {
            "id": 1343,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1343/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Cleared Hillside in Foreground with Fringe of Conifers in Background.",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || Cleared hillside in foreground with fringe of conifers in background.  More distant clearcuts also visible. || a001343_still.jpg (720x528) [174.2 KB] || a001343_pre.jpg (320x238) [18.5 KB] || a001343_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || a001343_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [103.3 KB] || ",
            "hits": 5
        },
        {
            "id": 1344,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1344/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Cut First, Then Fired: Non-commercial Trees Left as They Were",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || Non-commercial trees left as they were after being cut and then fired. || a001344_still.jpg (720x528) [222.2 KB] || a001344_pre.jpg (320x238) [23.3 KB] || a001344_thm.png (80x40) [7.4 KB] || a001344_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [121.1 KB] || Video slate image reads, \"LandSat ImagesCut first, then fired.  Non-commercial trees left as they were.\" || a001344_slate.jpg (720x528) [74.7 KB] || a001344_slate_web.png (320x234) [59.8 KB] || ",
            "hits": 8
        },
        {
            "id": 1345,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1345/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Broad View of Clear-cut Patches",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || Broad view of clear-cut patches.  Somewhat hazy as is the norm. || a001345_still.jpg (720x528) [98.0 KB] || a001345_pre.jpg (320x238) [9.9 KB] || a001345_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || a001345_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [66.3 KB] || Video slate image reads, \"LandSat ImagesBroad view of clear cut patches - Somewhat hazy as is the norm.\" || a001345_slate.jpg (720x528) [77.0 KB] || a001345_slate_web.png (320x234) [61.8 KB] || ",
            "hits": 14
        },
        {
            "id": 1346,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1346/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Nice Sharp Clear-cuts in Mid-distance",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || Nice sharp clear-cuts in mid-distance. || a001346_still.jpg (720x528) [141.7 KB] || a001346_pre.jpg (320x238) [14.3 KB] || a001346_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || a001346_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [76.9 KB] || ",
            "hits": 7
        },
        {
            "id": 1347,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/1347/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1999-04-09T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Young Conifers in a Regrowth Region",
            "description": "Photographs from Olympic National Forest, 1997 || Young conifers in a regrowth region. || a001347_still.jpg (720x528) [148.1 KB] || a001347_pre.jpg (320x238) [15.7 KB] || a001347_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || a001347_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [90.4 KB] || Video slate image reads, \"LandSat ImagesYoung conifers on a regrowth site\". || a001347_slate.jpg (720x528) [67.5 KB] || a001347_slate_web.png (320x234) [57.2 KB] || ",
            "hits": 5
        },
        {
            "id": 171,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/171/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1998-01-01T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Landsat Bolivian Deforestation: 1984 to 1998",
            "description": "Zooming down to Bolivia, showing a time-lapse sequence of Landsat images from 1984 to 1998 || a000171.00030_print.png (720x480) [269.6 KB] || a000171_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || a000171_pre.jpg (320x242) [6.1 KB] || a000171_pre_searchweb.jpg (320x180) [43.3 KB] || a000171.webmhd.webm (960x540) [8.4 MB] || a000171.dv (720x480) [115.9 MB] || a000171.mp4 (640x480) [6.7 MB] || a000171.mpg (352x240) [4.5 MB] || ",
            "hits": 42
        },
        {
            "id": 67,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/67/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "1994-03-13T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Amazon Deforestation Model",
            "description": "This series of animations depicts the results of a computer simulation of the effects of deforestation on the surface temperature and precipitation in the Amazon region.  Six animations are shown - a control simulation, a deforestation simulation, and the difference between the two for both surface temperature and rainfall.  The period simulated is the second half of 1987. || ",
            "hits": 70
        }
    ]
}