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        {
            "id": 14684,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14684/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2024-09-24T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Arctic Sea Ice Near Historic Low; Antarctic Ice Continues Decline",
            "description": "Complete transcript available. || Sea_Ice_Update_Thumbnail_F2024_1920x1080_GAW_091624.jpg (1920x1080) [783.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Update_Thumbnail_F2024_1920x1080_GAW_091624_print.jpg (1024x576) [366.7 KB] || Sea_Ice_Update_Thumbnail_F2024_1920x1080_GAW_091624_searchweb.png (320x180) [80.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Update_Thumbnail_F2024_1920x1080_GAW_091624_web.png (320x180) [80.9 KB] || Sea_Ice_Update_Thumbnail_F2024_1920x1080_GAW_091624_thm.png (80x40) [6.4 KB] || Revised_FINAL_6.6_AA_Sea_Ice_Update_Fall_2024_3840x2160_30fps_GAW_RC2.webm (3840x2160) [39.0 MB] || Revised_FINAL_6.6_AA_Sea_Ice_Update_Fall_2024_3840x2160_30fps_GAW_RC2.mp4 (3840x2160) [705.2 MB] || ",
            "hits": 138
        },
        {
            "id": 31158,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/31158/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-03-08T17:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Ice Mass Loss 2002-2025",
            "description": "The mass of the Antarctic ice sheet has changed over the last decades. Research based on observations from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites (2002-2017) and GRACE Follow-On (since 2018 - ).",
            "hits": 2481
        },
        {
            "id": 13577,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13577/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2020-04-07T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Witness the Breathtaking Beauty of Earth's Polar Regions with NASA's Operation IceBridge",
            "description": "VIDEO: \"Witness the Breathtaking Beauty of Earth’s Polar Regions\"Operation IceBridge recorded the diversity and fragility of our rapidly changing polar regions. These areas are some of the most inhospitable, but breathtaking places on Earth. Sit back and witness the polar regions, from western Greenland to Antarctica. Notable features include the Pine Island Glacier, Larsen C ice shelf, and rapid summer melt on the western Greenland Ice Sheet.  Learn more: Operation IceBridgeMusic Provided by Universal Production Music: \"Arabesque No.1\" by Claude Debussy [PD]This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_print.jpg (1024x576) [156.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_searchweb.png (320x180) [102.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_web.png (320x180) [102.8 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.00018_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.mp4 (1920x1080) [240.8 MB] || TWITTER_720_13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic_VX-313147_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [25.0 MB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic_VX-313147.webm (960x540) [61.6 MB] || 13577_Cryosphere_Beauty_Classic.mov (1920x1080) [1.7 GB] || Cryosphere.en_US.srt [52 bytes] || Cryosphere.en_US.vtt [65 bytes] || ",
            "hits": 44
        },
        {
            "id": 4773,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4773/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2019-12-12T03:30:00-05:00",
            "title": "BedMachine: A high-precision map of Antarctic ice sheet bed topography",
            "description": "BedMachine is a new Antarctic bed topography product based on ice thickness data from 19 different research institutes dating back to 1967, encompassing nearly a million line-miles of radar soundings. BedMachine relies on the fundamental physics-based method of mass conservation to estimate what lies between the radar sounding lines, utilizing highly detailed information on ice flow motion from satellite data that dictates how ice moves. The dataset is available from the National Snow & Ice Data Center here. || ",
            "hits": 394
        },
        {
            "id": 13439,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13439/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - DC8 Aircraft",
            "description": "NASA operates a highly modified Douglas DC-8 jetliner as a flying science laboratory. The aircraft, based at the NASA Armstrong Flight Research Center facility in Palmdale, California, is used to collect data for experiments in support of projects serving the world's scientific community, including Antarctic flights as part of Operation IceBridge. || ",
            "hits": 20
        },
        {
            "id": 13442,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13442/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - GV Aircraft",
            "description": "NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001.jpg (1920x1080) [454.2 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [180.7 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [89.1 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_web.png (320x180) [89.1 KB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV.00_00_06_00.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [7.0 KB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13442_2011_G5_cockpit_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.1 MB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.webm (960x540) [5.7 MB] || 13442_2011_G5_cockpit.MOV (1920x1080) [69.3 MB] || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 13443,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13443/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - P3 Aircraft",
            "description": "The P-3B aircraft is ideally suited for low altitude heavy lift airborne science missions. The NASA P-3B has a long history of supporting cryosphere studies, and due to the long range of the aircraft, it is able to support ice sheet studies in both the Arctic and Antarctica polar regions.NASA's P-3B is a four-engine turboprop, capable of long duration flights of 8-12 hours and is based out of NASA's Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, VA. It will support the same suite of IceBridge instruments also flown in the IceBridge 2009-2012 Arctic and Antarctic campaigns, with exception of the Land, Vegetation, and Ice Sensor (LVIS), which in Arctic 2012 campaign flew on the NASA's new Falcon aircraft.The P-3B last flew with IceBridge on their 2012 Arctic campaign, during which the aircraft made flights out of both Kangerlussuaq and Thule, Greenland and will once again support IceBridge for the Arctic 2013 campaign || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 13447,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13447/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T14:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Misc Onboard Activity",
            "description": "NASA’s Operation IceBridge images Earth’s polar ice in unprecedented detail to better understand processes that connect the polar regions with the global climate system. IceBridge utilizes a highly specialized fleet of research aircraft and the most sophisticated suite of innovative science instruments ever assembled to characterize annual changes in thickness of sea ice, glaciers, and ice sheets. In addition, IceBridge collects critical data used to predict the response of earth’s polar ice to climate change and resulting sea-level rise.Now, for the first time since its inaugural flights a decade ago, while IceBridge is mapping Greenland’s ice from the air, one of NASA’s newest satellite missions, the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2), is simultaneously mapping that ice from space. || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 13441,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13441/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Pine Island Glacier",
            "description": "Pine Island Glacier is one of many outlet glaciers around the perimeter of Antarctica, but observations have shown that this glacier is worth extra attention. It is, along with neighboring Thwaites Glacier, one of the main pathways for ice entering the Amundsen Sea from the West Antarctic Ice Sheet and one the fastest-retreating glaciers in Antarctica. Collectively, the region contains enough vulnerable ice to raise global sea level by 1.2 meters (4 feet).Operation IceBridge routinely surveyed the glacier during its annual missions over the continent. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 13444,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13444/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Transits",
            "description": "NASA is carrying out its sixth consecutive year of Operation IceBridge research flights over Antarctica in 2014 to study changes in the continent’s ice sheet, glaciers and sea ice. For several weeks, researchers flew aboard NASA’s DC-8 research aircraft out of Punta Arenas, Chile. || ",
            "hits": 19
        },
        {
            "id": 13445,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13445/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Crew Activity Oboard",
            "description": "NASA's P-3B and DC-8 airborne laboratories have been the workhorses of Operation IceBridge. These aircraft house several sophisticated instruments for measuring snow depth, ice elevation and thickness, surface temperature, bed topography and other characteristics of sea ice, ice sheets and glaciers. || ",
            "hits": 27
        },
        {
            "id": 13458,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13458/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - A68 Ice Island",
            "description": "Operation IceBridge, NASA’s longest-running aerial survey of polar ice, flew over the northern Antarctic Peninsula on Oct. 16, 2018. During the survey, designed to assess changes in the ice height of several glaciers draining into the Larsen A, B and C embayments, IceBridge senior support scientist Jeremy Harbeck spotted a very sharp-angled, tabular iceberg floating among sea ice just off of the Larsen C ice shelf. || ",
            "hits": 33
        },
        {
            "id": 13460,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13460/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Ice Shelf",
            "description": "Larsen C, a floating platform of glacial ice on the east side of the Antarctic Peninsula, is the fourth-largest ice shelf on the coast of Antarctica. || ",
            "hits": 19
        },
        {
            "id": 13461,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13461/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Icebergs",
            "description": "Tabular icebergs float near the Weddell Sea in Antarctica || ",
            "hits": 21
        },
        {
            "id": 13462,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13462/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-12-09T13:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Weddell Sea Ice",
            "description": "NOTE: The audio on this clip varies widely and includes loud aircraft noise. We advise turning down/off sound when previewing this item. || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001.jpg (1920x1080) [1.0 MB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_print.jpg (1024x576) [394.9 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_searchweb.png (320x180) [119.4 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_web.png (320x180) [119.4 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov.00_04_09_14.Still001_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.webm (960x540) [89.4 MB] || 13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice.mov (1920x1080) [5.0 GB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13462_2018_Canon_Misc_Sea_Ice_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [335.0 MB] || ",
            "hits": 21
        },
        {
            "id": 13440,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13440/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2019-11-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Operation IceBridge - Antarctic Airborne Topographic Mapper",
            "description": "The Airborne Topographic Mapper (ATM), developed at NASA Wallops Flight Facility in Wallops Island, Va., is a scanning laser altimeter that measures changes in ice surface elevation. It accomplishes this by reflecting lasers off the ice surface and measuring the time it takes light to return to the aircraft, usually flying between 1000 and 2000 feet above the ground. By combining this timing data with detailed information about the aircraft’s position and attitude from GPS and inertial navigation systems, ATM can measure topography to an accuracy of as small as four inches. By flying ATM over the same swath of ground previously covered by ICESat, researchers can maintain a record of changes.In addition, the precise data from ATM’s navigation system can be fed to pilot displays in the cockpit or even electronically sent to the automatic pilot system, keeping the aircraft aligned with the planned survey track. This keeps the aircraft along the planned ATM survey swath and also benefits the other IceBridge instruments by minimizing aircraft roll and horizontal acceleration. || ",
            "hits": 24
        },
        {
            "id": 12977,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12977/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2018-09-26T13:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Mass Balance of Ice Sheets",
            "description": "AntarcticaMusic: \"Distant Echoes,\" Adam Salkeld, Atmosphere Music Ltd. PRS; \"Evolution of Life,\" David Stephen Goldsmith, Atmosphere Music Ltd. PRSComplete transcript available. || antarc_thumb_print.jpg (1024x576) [113.1 KB] || antarc_thumb_searchweb.png (180x320) [88.3 KB] || antarc_thumb_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || Antarctica_Brunt.mov (1920x1080) [4.1 GB] || Antarctica_Brunt_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [424.3 MB] || Antarctica_Brunt_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [77.5 MB] || Antarctica_Brunt_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [571.8 MB] || Antarctica_Brunt_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [552.4 MB] || Antarctica_Brunt_facebook_720.webm (1280x720) [32.9 MB] || Antarctica_icesheet.en_US.srt [6.0 KB] || Antarctica_icesheet.en_US.vtt [6.0 KB] || ",
            "hits": 47
        },
        {
            "id": 12449,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12449/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2016-12-08T16:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "IceBridge images of crack in Larsen C Ice Shelf",
            "description": "Flying low over the Earth’s southernmost continent, Operation IceBridge is wrapping up its eighth consecutive field season of mapping the ice sheet and glaciers of Antarctica, as well as the surrounding sea ice. With more than 300 hours logged in the air over 24 science flights, the mission is considering 2016 one of the most successful seasons yet. || IceBridgeAnt16_4.00600_print.jpg (1024x576) [97.3 KB] || IceBridgeAnt16_4.00600_searchweb.png (320x180) [82.8 KB] || IceBridgeAnt16_4.00600_web.png (320x180) [82.8 KB] || IceBridgeAnt16_4.00600_thm.png (80x40) [6.6 KB] || IceBridgeAnt16_4.mp4 (1920x1080) [163.1 MB] || IceBridgeAnt16_4.webm (1920x1080) [16.3 MB] || GSFC_20161208_IceBridge_m12449_IceBridge.en_US.vtt [3.0 KB] || GSFC_20161208_IceBridge_m12449_IceBridge.en_US.srt [3.1 KB] || ",
            "hits": 69
        },
        {
            "id": 4376,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4376/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-10-27T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Mass Change from GRACE derived Gravity Observations: Jan 2004 - Jun 2014",
            "description": "GRACE, NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment, consists of twin co-orbiting satellites that fly in a near polar orbit separated by a distance of 220 km.  GRACE precisely measures the distance between the two spacecraft in order to make detailed measurements of the Earth's gravitational field.  Since its launch in 2002, GRACE has provided a continuous record of changes in the mass of the Earth's ice sheets.These animations show the change in the mass of the Antarctic Ice Sheet between January 2004 and June 2014 as measured by the pair of GRACE satellites. The 1-arc-deg NASA GSFC mascon solution data was resampled to a 5130 x 5130 data array using Kriging interpolation.  A color scale was applied where blue values indicate an increase in the ice sheet mass while red shades indicate a decrease.  In addition, a graph overlay shows the running total of the accumulated mass change in gigatons.Four separate animations are shown here: one of the full Antarctic Ice Sheet (above) and three of individual regional views (below) showing the regions of West Antarctica, the Antarctic Peninsula and East Antarctica. The time-series of each region is shown with a graph depicting the ice loss for the region alone.  Note that the range on the color scale is different for each regional view in order to portray the most detail possible. Areas outside the region being shown are colored in a pale green to indicate that it is not included in the view.  The floating ice shelves, shown in a lighter shade of green, are also not included.Technical Note:  The glacial isostatic adjustment signal (Earth mass redistribution in response to historical ice loading) has been removed using the ICE-6G model (Peltier et al. 2015). || ",
            "hits": 30
        },
        {
            "id": 4347,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4347/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2015-08-26T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA GSFC MASCON Solution over Antarctica from Jan 2004 - Jun 2014",
            "description": "Visualization of the mass change over the Antarctic Ice Sheet from January 2004 through June 2014. The color on the surface of the ice sheet shows the change in equivalent water height while the graph overlay shows the total accumulated change in gigatons. || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_print.jpg (1024x576) [110.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30.2521_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_1080p.webm (1920x1080) [7.7 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [10.4 MB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_720p.webm (1280x720) [8.7 MB] || composite (1920x1080) [256.0 KB] || composite (1920x1080) [512.0 KB] || GRACE_Antarctic_Wgraph_p30_360p.mp4 (640x360) [3.8 MB] || MASCON_solution_antartica_4347.pptx [11.0 MB] || MASCON_solution_antartica_4347.key [13.6 MB] || ",
            "hits": 20
        },
        {
            "id": 4168,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4168/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2014-05-29T12:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "West Antarctic Collapse",
            "description": "A new study by researchers at NASA and the University of California, Irvine, finds a rapidly melting section of the West Antarctic Ice Sheet appears to be in an irreversible state of decline, with nothing to stop the glaciers in this area from melting into the sea according to glaciologist and lead author Eric Rignot, of UC Irvine and NASA's Jet Propulsion Laboratory in Pasadena, California.Three major lines of evidence point to the glaciers' eventual demise: the changes in their flow speeds, how much of each glacier floats on seawater, and the slope and depth of the terrain they are flowing over.  In a paper in April, Rignot's research group discussed the steadily increasing flow speeds of these glaciers over the past 40 years. This new study examines the other two lines of evidence.As glaciers flow out from land to the ocean, large expanses of ice behind their leading edges float on the seawater. The point on a glacier where it first loses contact with land is called the grounding line. Nearly all glacier melt occurs on the underside of the glacier beyond the grounding line, on the section floating on seawater.  The Antarctic glaciers studied have thinned so much they are now floating above places where they used to sit solidly on land, which means their grounding lines are retreating inland.—><!——><!—Above: Move bar to compare the grounding line of the Smith Glacier from 1996 (left) to the location in 2011 (right) which has retreated inland 35 km during this time. The green line indicates the location of the 1996 grounding line.  Download HTML to embed this in your web page.The bedrock topography is another key to the fate of the ice in this basin. All the glacier beds slope deeper below sea level as they extend farther inland. As the glaciers retreat, they cannot escape the reach of the ocean, and the warm water will keep melting them even more rapidly.Below are two edited versions of narrated stories released by JPL to explain this research.  In addition are the two versions of the unedited animations provided to JPL to support the release.  The unedited animations show the region of study by the JPL researchers, identifying by name the glaciers that terminate in the Amundsen Sea. One of the animations includes data showing the velocity of the glaciers in the region, flow vectors showing the movement of the glaciers colored by their velocity and a difference image showing the change in velocity between 1996 and 2008.  The second animation does not include these datasets.  Both versions of the animation draw close to the Smith Glacier and show how the grounding line of this glacier has moved inland 35 kilometers between 1996 and 2011.  As the surface of the ice sheet is peeled away, showing the height and depth of the bedrock topography.   Regions below sea level are shown in shades of brown while areas above sea level are shown in green.  Sea level is shown in yellow. || ",
            "hits": 94
        },
        {
            "id": 4060,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4060/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-06-04T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Bedrock",
            "description": "<!——><!—Above: Move bar to compare the bedrock topography (left) to the ice sheet surface (right).Download HTML to embed this in your web page.The topography of the bedrock under the Antarctic Ice Sheet is critical to understanding the dynamic motion of the ice sheet, its thickness and its influence on the surrounding ocean and global climate. In 2001, the British Antarctic Survey (BAS) released a map of the bed under the Antarctic Ice Sheet and the seabed extending out on to the continental shelf derived from data collected by an international consortium of scientists over the prior fifty years. The resulting dataset was called BEDMAP (or BEDMAP1).In 2013, BAS released an update of the topographic dataset called BEDMAP2 that incorporates twenty-five million measurements taken over the past two decades from the ground, air and space. This visualization compares the new BEDMAP2 dataset to the original BEDMAP1 dataset showing the improvements in resolution and coverage. <!——><!—Above: Move bar to compare the Bedmap1 topography (left) to the Bedmap2 topography (right). Download HTML to embed this in your web page.Since 2009, NASA's mission Operation IceBridge (OIB) has flown aircraft over the Antarctic Ice Sheet carrying laser and ice-penetrating radar instruments to collect data about the surface height, bedrock topography and ice thickness. This visualization highlights the contribution that OIB has made to this important dataset.The topography in this visualization is exaggerated to emphasize the topographic relief. The amount of exaggeration varies based on the viewpoint, from twenty times in distant views down to nine times when near the Pine Island Bay. || ",
            "hits": 153
        },
        {
            "id": 4007,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4007/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-12-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Ground-Penetrating Radar Measurements of Antarctic Ice Sheet",
            "description": "This visualization presents data collected by the 2010 Satellite Era Accumulation Traverse (SEAT). Accumulation, the amount of snow that falls on an ice sheet, is one of the most important inputs for determining the mass balance of an ice sheet. There are, however, relatively few direct accumulation measurements because the most precise measurements come from ice cores at a single point location.Recently, new large-bandwidth, very-high frequency radars have been developed and used over the ice sheets to image internal layers in the near surface which represent about the past 30-40 years of accumulation. The SEAT traverses are making the link between near surface radar layers and ice cores by collecting both simultaneously across the West Antarctic Ice Sheet Divide region. || ",
            "hits": 60
        },
        {
            "id": 3803,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3803/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-11-14T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Ice Fronts on the Larsen B Ice Shelf, 2001-2009",
            "description": "This animation shows the location of the edges of ice shelves and glaciers in and around the Larsen B Embayment of Antarctica, over successive Springs between 2001 and 2009. || Glacier/ice edges || larsen_0001.jpg (1280x720) [216.3 KB] || larsen_0001_web.png (320x180) [99.9 KB] || larsen_0001_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || 1280x720_16x9_30p (1280x720) [64.0 KB] || larsen.mp4 (1280x720) [7.3 MB] || larsen.webmhd.webm (960x540) [6.1 MB] || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 10678,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10678/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-10-18T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "IceBridge Kicks Off Antarctic 2010 Campaign",
            "description": "On October 18th, NASA's Operation IceBridge scientists and the DC-8 crew departed for Punta Arenas, Chile where they will begin the Antarctic 2010 phase of the mission. For the next five weeks, instrumnents aboard the DC-8 will collect data to determine surface elevation and ice characteristics near and over Antarctica. || ",
            "hits": 11
        },
        {
            "id": 10412,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10412/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-04-13T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Return to P.I.G.",
            "description": "Return to PIG provides an update to PIG Ice Shelf: First Contact. Though NASA researcher Bob Bindschadler had hoped to return to Pine Island Glacier Ice Shelf and continue his research during the 2009 season, this video explians how plans hit a snag. Sometimes science takes time, especially when it comes to dealing with the forbidding conditions of Antarctica. || ",
            "hits": 8
        },
        {
            "id": 3575,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3575/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2009-01-22T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Temperature Trends in Antarctica",
            "description": "This image shows warming of the Antartctic ice-sheet surface inland of the Antarctic Peninsula. This warming is significantly higher than previously reported, exceeding 0.1 degree C per decade over the past 50 years, and is strongest in winter and spring. The image incorporates temperature data collected over a 50-year period from 1957 to 2006. Surface color is derived from low-resolution LIMA data, while topography is from a RADARSAT 200m DEM. The ice cover is derived from 12-km AMSR-E data taken on 5/14/08. || ",
            "hits": 70
        },
        {
            "id": 10371,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10371/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2009-01-17T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Climate Change and Polar Ice: Are We Waking Sleeping Giants w/ Dr. Waleed Abdalati",
            "description": "Water covers more than 70% of our planet's surface and largely governs so many things from climate change to the sustenance of life on earth. What you may not realize is the vital importance played by the solid part of our planet's water inventory. || ",
            "hits": 23
        },
        {
            "id": 10202,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10202/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-04-13T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "PIG Ice Shelf: First Contact",
            "description": "This past January NASA scientist Robert Bindschadler led an expedition to a previously untouched part of Antarctica that may be one of the best places to gauge how global warming is affecting the continent. Pine Island Glacier Ice Shelf (PIG for short) is believed to be among the most vulnerable spots ot melting on Earth, but it's also among the most remote. While satellite observations provide a wide-angle view of the action on the glacier, boots on the ground with high tech drills and sensors are needed to provide the close up shots to fill in the blanks. Antarctica footage provided by Polar-Palooza/Passport to Knowledge || ",
            "hits": 14
        },
        {
            "id": 3403,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3403/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2007-02-19T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Antarctic Plumbing: Lake Englehardt's Subglacial Hydraulic System",
            "description": "ICESat satellite laser altimeter elevation profiles from 2003-2006 collected over West Antarctica reveal numerous regions of temporally varying elevation. MODIS satellite imagery over roughly the same time period collaborates where these subglacial fluctuations have occurred. These observations have led scientists to conclude that subglacial water movement is happening in this lake region, revealing a widespread, dynamic subglacial water system that could provide important insights into ice flow and the mass balance of Antarctica's ice. || ",
            "hits": 39
        },
        {
            "id": 2703,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/2703/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2003-02-24T12:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Seasonal Ice Flow Backed Up",
            "description": "C-19 iceberg that calved off the Ross Ice shelf and its companion B-15 iceberg, which is anchored near the coast. The two large bergs may have disrupted normal ocean circulation that clears the Ross Sea of seasonal ice during the first months of  austral summer. The ice remained in the sea long past previous thaw dates, and created trouble for ships trying to bring in supplies to McMurdo research station on Ross Island. But after months of stillness, in mid-January C-19 changed position dramatically over just a few days, pivoting northward from its eastern end. The effect was like opening a floodgate, and the sea ice trapped between C-19 and B-15 poured out into the Southern Ocean. || ",
            "hits": 16
        }
    ]
}