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    "results": [
        {
            "id": 5210,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5210/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2024-02-16T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Active Christmas Eve 2023 Ultraviolet Sun",
            "description": "Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) operates in a geosynchronous orbit around Earth to obtain a continuous view of the Sun. The particular instrument in this visualization records imagery in the ultraviolet portion of the spectrum at wavelengths normally absorbed by Earth's atmosphere - so we need to observe them from space.Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observes a very active hemisphere of the Sun on Christmas Eve 2023.  No significant flares - just fifteen hours of small eruptions, bright coronal loops, dark filaments hovering above photosphere, and other small-scale phenomena in the life of a star evolving towards the peak of it's activity cycle.The point-spread function correction (PSF) has been applied to all this imagery. || ",
            "hits": 37
        },
        {
            "id": 11558,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11558/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2014-09-24T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "NASA's Many Views of a Massive CME",
            "description": "On July 23, 2012, a massive cloud of solar material erupted off the sun's right side, zooming out into space. It soon passed one of NASA's Solar Terrestrial Relations Observatory, or STEREO, spacecraft, which clocked the CME as traveling between 1,800 and 2,200 miles per second as it left the sun. This was the fastest CME ever observed by STEREO.  Two other observatories – NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory and the joint European Space Agency/NASA Solar and Heliospheric Observatory — witnessed the eruption as well. The July 2012 CME didn't move toward Earth, but watching an unusually strong CME like this gives scientists an opportunity to observe how these events originate and travel through space.  STEREO's unique viewpoint from the sides of the sun combined with the other two observatories watching from closer to Earth helped scientists create models of the entire July 2012 event. They learned that an earlier, smaller CME helped clear the path for the larger event, thus contributing to its unusual speed. Such data helps advance our understanding of what causes CMEs and improves modeling of similar CMEs that could be Earth-directed. || ",
            "hits": 145
        },
        {
            "id": 4128,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4128/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-12-24T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Solar Dynamics Observatory - Argo view - Slices of SDO",
            "description": "Argos (or Argus Panoptes) was the 100-eyed giant in Greek mythology (wikipedia).While the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has significantly less than 100 eyes, (see \"SDO Jewelbox: The Many Eyes of SDO\"), seeing connections in the solar atmosphere through the many filters of SDO presents a number of interesting challenges. This visualization experiment illustrates a mechanism for highlighting these connections. This visualization is a variation of the original Solar Dynamics Observatory - Argo view. In this case, the different wavelength filters are presented in three sets around the Sun at full 4Kx4K resolution. This enables monitoring of changes in time over all wavelengths at any location around the limb of the Sun. The wavelengths presented are: 617.3nm optical light from SDO/HMI. From SDO/AIA we have 170nm (pink), then 160nm (green), 33.5nm (blue), 30.4nm (orange), 21.1nm (violet), 19.3nm (bronze), 17.1nm (gold), 13.1nm (aqua) and 9.4nm (green).We've locked the camera to rotate the view of the Sun so each wedge-shaped wavelength filter passes over a region of the Sun. As the features pass from one wavelength to the next, we can see dramatic differences in solar structures that appear in different wavelengths.Filaments extending off the limb of the Sun which are bright in 30.4 nanometers, appear dark in many other wavelengths.Sunspots which appear dark in optical wavelengths, are festooned with glowing ribbons in ultraviolet wavelengths.small flares, invisible in optical wavelengths, are bright ribbons in ultraviolet wavelengths.if we compare the visible light limb of the Sun with the 170 nanometer filter on the left, with the visible light limb and the 9.4 nanometer filter on the right, we see that the 'edge' is at different heights. This effect is due to the different amounts of absorption, and emission, of the solar atmosphere in ultraviolet light.in far ultraviolet light, the photosphere is dark since the black-body spectrum at a temperature of 5700 Kelvin emits very little light in this wavelength. || ",
            "hits": 65
        },
        {
            "id": 4117,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4117/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2013-12-17T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Solar Dynamics Observatory - Argo view",
            "description": "Argos (or Argus Panoptes) was the 100-eyed giant in Greek mythology (wikipedia).While the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) has significantly less than 100 eyes, (see \"SDO Jewelbox: The Many Eyes of SDO\"), seeing connections in the solar atmosphere through the many filters of SDO presents a number of interesting challenges. This visualization experiment illustrates a mechanism for highlighting these connections.The wavelengths presented are: 617.3nm optical light from SDO/HMI. From SDO/AIA we have 170nm (pink), then 160nm (green), 33.5nm (blue), 30.4nm (orange), 21.1nm (violet), 19.3nm (bronze), 17.1nm (gold), 13.1nm (aqua) and 9.4nm (green).We've locked the camera to rotate the view of the Sun so each wedge-shaped wavelength filter passes over a region of the Sun. As the features pass from one wavelength to the next, we can see dramatic differences in solar structures that appear in different wavelengths.Filaments extending off the limb of the Sun which are bright in 30.4 nanometers, appear dark in many other wavelengths.Sunspots which appear dark in optical wavelengths, are festooned with glowing ribbons in ultraviolet wavelengths.Small flares, invisible in optical wavelengths, are bright ribbons in ultraviolet wavelengths.If we compare the visible light limb of the Sun with the 170 nanometer filter on the left, with the visible light limb and the 9.4 nanometer filter on the right, we see that the 'edge' is at different heights. This effect is due to the different amounts of absorption, and emission, of the solar atmosphere in ultraviolet light.In far ultraviolet light, the photosphere is dark since the black-body spectrum at a temperature of 5700 Kelvin emits very little light in this wavelength. || ",
            "hits": 101
        },
        {
            "id": 11203,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11203/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2013-02-11T10:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SDO: Year 3",
            "description": "On Feb. 11, 2010, NASA launched an unprecedented solar observatory into space. The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) flew up on an Atlas V rocket, carrying instruments that scientists hoped would revolutionize observations of the sun. If all went according to plan, SDO would provide incredibly high-resolution data of the entire solar disk almost as quickly as once a second. When the science team released its first images in April of 2010, SDO's data exceeded everyone's hopes and expectations, providing stunningly detailed views of the sun. In the three years since then, SDO's images have continued to show breathtaking pictures and movies of eruptive events on the sun. Such imagery is more than just pretty, they are the very data that scientists study. By highlighting different wavelengths of light, scientists can track how material on the sun moves. Such movement, in turn, holds clues as to what causes these giant explosions, which, when Earth-directed, can disrupt technology in space. SDO is the first mission in a NASA's Living With a Star program, the goal of which is to develop the scientific understanding necessary to address those aspects of the sun-Earth system that directly affect our lives and society. NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. built, operates, and manages the SDO spacecraft for NASA's Science Mission Directorate in Washington, D.C.SDO: Year One here.SDO: Year 2 here.Information about the individual clips used in this video is here.Watch this video on YouTube. || ",
            "hits": 97
        },
        {
            "id": 3982,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3982/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-11-20T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "The Active Sun from SDO: 211 Ångstroms",
            "description": "The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observes the Sun with many different instruments, in many different wavelengths of light. Many of these capabilities are not possible for ground-based observatories - hence the need for a space-based observing platform.This movie is generated for a wavelength of 211 Ångstroms (21.1 nanometers) which highlights a spectral line emitted by iron atoms that have lost 13 electrons (also known as iron-14 or Fe XIV) at temperatures of 2,000,000 K. These images show hotter, active regions in the sun's corona.This visualization is one of a set of visualizations (others linked below) covering the same time span of 17 hours over the full wavelength range of the mission. They are setup to play synchronously on a Hyperwall, or can be run individually.The images are sampled every 36 seconds, 1/3 of the standard time-cadence for SDO. This visualization is useful for illustrating how different solar phenomena, such as sunspots and active regions, look very different in different wavelengths of light. These differences enable scientists to study them more completely, with an eventual goal of improving Space Weather forecasting. || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 4008,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4008/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-11-20T09:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "SDO Jewelbox: The Many Eyes of SDO",
            "description": "5x3 Layout view. This version has the imagery organized in order of increasing wavelength, from upper left to lower right for AIA. The HMI products occupy the bottom row. || SDOJewelbox_5x3.0100.jpg (2400x810) [317.7 KB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.0100_web.png (320x108) [28.9 KB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.0100_thm.png (80x40) [3.7 KB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.0100_searchweb.png (320x180) [29.2 KB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.webmhd.webm (960x540) [3.3 MB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.mov (2400x810) [91.5 MB] || SDOJewelbox_5x3.mp4 (2400x810) [91.5 MB] || 2400x810_80x27_30p (2400x810) [0 Item(s)] || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 3999,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3999/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-10-26T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "The View from SDO: The August 31, 2012 Filament Eruption",
            "description": "The Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) observed a large filament eruption on August 31, 2012. This visualization was generated using high time resolution (12 seconds) data from the Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA). Two datasets are used, the SDO/AIA 304 Ångstrom wavelength (orange color table) and the 171 Ångstrom wavelength (gold color table). These are wavelengths in the ultraviolet band of the electromagnetic spectrum. They are not visible to the human eye or to ground-based telescopes so coded colors are used in presentation.It is the source material for \"August 31, 2012 Magnificent CME\" visualization. || ",
            "hits": 94
        },
        {
            "id": 3965,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3965/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2012-07-20T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Impressionist Sun: SDO Source Images",
            "description": "A set of multi-wavelength views of the Sun from SDO provided source and context imagery for the Van Gogh Sun video. This video illustrates how imagery is converted into physical parameters teaching us more about the physical processes taking place in the solar atmosphere. || ",
            "hits": 28
        },
        {
            "id": 11046,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11046/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-07-19T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Van Gogh Sun",
            "description": "A crucial, and often underappreciated, facet of science lies in deciding how to turn the raw numbers of data into useful, understandable information — often through graphs and images. Such visualization techniques are needed for everything from making a map of planetary orbits based on nightly measurements of where they are in the sky to colorizing normally invisible light such as X-rays to produce \"images\" of the sun.More information, of course, requires more complex visualizations and occasionally such images are not just informative, but beautiful too.Such is the case with a new technique created by Nicholeen Viall, a solar scientist at NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center in Greenbelt, Md. She creates images of the sun reminiscent of Van Gogh, with broad strokes of bright color splashed across a yellow background. But it's science, not art. The color of each pixel contains a wealth of information about the 12-hour history of cooling and heating at that particular spot on the sun. That heat history holds clues to the mechanisms that drive the temperature and movements of the sun's atmosphere, or corona.To look at the corona from a fresh perspective, Viall created a new kind of picture, making use of the high resolution provided by NASA's Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO). SDO's Atmospheric Imaging Assembly (AIA) provides images of the sun in 10 different wavelengths, each approximately corresponding to a single temperature of material. Therefore, when one looks at the wavelength of 171 angstroms, for example, one sees all the material in the sun's atmosphere that is a million degrees Kelvin. By looking at an area of the sun in different wavelengths, one can get a sense of how different swaths of material change temperature. If an area seems bright in a wavelength that shows a hotter temperature an hour before it becomes bright in a wavelength that shows a cooler temperature, one can gather information about how that region has changed over time.Viall's images show a wealth of reds, oranges, and yellow, meaning that over a 12-hour period the material appear to be cooling. Obviously there must have been heating in the process as well, since the corona isn't on a one-way temperature slide down to zero degrees. Any kind of steady heating throughout the corona would have shown up in Viall's images, so she concludes that the heating must be quick and impulsive — so fast that it doesn't show up in her images. This lends credence to those theories that say numerous nanobursts of energy help heat the corona. || ",
            "hits": 58
        },
        {
            "id": 3840,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3840/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2011-07-01T10:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Incredible Solar Flare, Prominence Eruption and CME Event (211 angstroms)",
            "description": "On June 7, 2011, an M-2 flare occurred on the Sun which released a very large coronal mass ejection (CME). Much of the ejected material is much cooler (less than about 80,000K) and therefore appears dark against the brighter solar disk.Material which does not reach solar escape velocity can be seen falling back and striking the solar surface, sometimes triggering smaller events.This image sequence is captured at one minute intervals and designed to play synchronously with animations 3839 (171 Ångstroms), 3838 (304 Ångstroms) and 3841 (1700 Ångstroms). || ",
            "hits": 37
        },
        {
            "id": 10801,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10801/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-06-30T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Massive Solar Eruption Close-up",
            "description": "On June 7, 2011 the Sun unleashed an M-2 (medium-sized) solar flare with a spectacular coronal mass ejection (CME). The large cloud of particles mushroomed up and fell back down looking as if it covered an area almost half the solar surface.SDO observed the flare's peak at 1:41 AM ET. SDO recorded these images in extreme ultraviolet light that show a very large eruption of cool gas. It is somewhat unique because at many places in the eruption there seems to be even cooler material — at temperatures less than 80,000 K.This video uses the full-resolution 4096 x 4096 pixel images at a one minute time cadence to provide the highest quality, finest detail version possible.It is interesting to compare the event in different wavelengths because they each see different temperatures of plasma. See the transcript for more notes on this.Frames for each wavelength are available on these separate pages: 304, 171, 211, and1700. || ",
            "hits": 321
        },
        {
            "id": 10745,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10745/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-06-07T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "SDO Catches Surf Waves on the Sun",
            "description": "Scientists have spotted the iconic surfer's wave rolling through the atmosphere of the sun. This makes for more than just a nice photo-op: the waves hold clues as to how energy moves through that atmosphere, known as the corona. Since scientists know how these kinds of waves — initiated by a Kelvin-Helmholtz instability if you're being technical — disperse energy in the water, they can use this information to better understand the corona. This in turn, may help solve an enduring mystery of why the corona is thousands of times hotter than originally expected.Kelvin-Helmholtz instabilities occur when two fluids of different densities or different speeds flow by each other. In the case of ocean waves, that's the dense water and the lighter air. As they flow past each other, slight ripples can be quickly amplified into the giant waves loved by surfers. In the case of the solar atmosphere, which is made of a very hot and electrically charged gas called plasma, the two flows come from an expanse of plasma erupting off the sun's surface as it passes by plasma that is not erupting. The difference in flow speeds and densities across this boundary sparks the instability that builds into the waves. In order to confirm this description, the team developed a computer model to see what takes place in the region. Their model showed that these conditions could indeed lead to giant surfing waves rolling through the corona. Seeing the big waves suggests they can cascade down to smaller forms of turbulence too. Scientists believe that the friction created by turbulence — the simple rolling of material over and around itself — could help add heating energy to the corona. The analogy is the way froth at the top of a surfing wave provides friction that will heat up the wave. || ",
            "hits": 76
        },
        {
            "id": 10748,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10748/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2011-04-21T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "SDO: Year One",
            "description": "April 21, 2011 marks the one-year anniversary of the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO) First Light press conference, where NASA revealed the first images taken by the spacecraft.In the last year, the sun has gone from its quietest period in years to the activity marking the beginning of solar cycle 24. SDO has captured every moment with a level of detail never-before possible. The mission has returned unprecedented images of solar flares, eruptions of prominences, and the early stages of coronal mass ejections (CMEs). In this video are some of the most beautiful, interesting, and mesmerizing events seen by SDO during its first year.In the order they appear in the video the events are:1. Prominence Eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on March 30, 20102. Cusp Flow from AIA in 171 Ångstroms on February 14, 20113. Prominence Eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 25, 20114. Cusp Flow from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 14, 20115. Merging Sunspots from HMI in Continuum on October 24-28, 20106. Prominence Eruption and active region from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on April 30, 20107. Solar activity and plasma loops from AIA in 171 Ångstroms on March 4-8, 20118. Flowing plasma from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on April 19, 20109. Active regions from HMI in Magnetogram on March 10, 201110. Filament eruption from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on December 6, 201011. CME start from AIA in 211 Ångstroms on March 8, 201112. X2 flare from AIA in 304 Ångstroms on February 15, 2011 || ",
            "hits": 65
        },
        {
            "id": 10700,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10700/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2010-12-15T00:00:00-05:00",
            "title": "Solar Dynamics Observatory countdown",
            "description": "A 10-second countdown using SDO imagery of the sun. The instruments and wavelengths are as follow:10-HMI Magnetogram; 9-AIA 4500; 8-AIA 094; 7-HMI Dopplergram; 6-AIA 171; 5-AIA 171-211-304; 4-AIA 171-211-304; 3-AIA 304; 2-AIA 304; 1-AIA 304 The last 5 seconds of countdown show the large prominence eruption that occured March 30, 2010, just after SDO's sensors were turned on. || ",
            "hits": 41
        },
        {
            "id": 3692,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3692/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-04-21T14:15:00-04:00",
            "title": "SDO/AIA CME Event of April 8, 2010 (Multiband)",
            "description": "This is a close-up view of the April 8 CME in ultraviolet light which reveals a wave (darker regions) expanding outward from the flare event. This movie creates a color image by combining filters for 211 Ångstroms (red), 193 Ångstroms (green) and 171 Ångstroms (blue). || ",
            "hits": 25
        },
        {
            "id": 3693,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3693/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-04-21T14:15:00-04:00",
            "title": "SDO/AIA Zoom-In on Launching Filament (Bands 304, 171, 211)",
            "description": "As the AIA camera was activated, one of its first views was this fliament launching from the Sun. || ",
            "hits": 20
        },
        {
            "id": 3695,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3695/",
            "result_type": "Visualization",
            "release_date": "2010-04-21T14:15:00-04:00",
            "title": "SDO/AIA CME Event of April 8, 2010 Full Disk (Multiband)",
            "description": "This visualization is a full-disk view of the CME launched from the Sun on April 8, 2010. This is a 3-color image produced by combining three different filters from the AIA instrument: 211 (red), 193 (green), and 171 (blue). || ",
            "hits": 44
        }
    ]
}