{ "count": 20, "next": null, "previous": null, "results": [ { "id": 5098, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5098/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2023-04-24T09:00:00-04:00", "title": "Relative Wetness Root Zone Versus Groundwater Comparison", "description": "Sample composite showing the comparison between the root zone relative wetness data to groundwater wetness data. The root zone is approximately 1 meter below the surface as opposed to groundwater which is deeper. Seeing these side-by-side allows the viewer to see that the root zone data changes much more rapidly than the deeper stored groundwater data. || root_n_grnd.4k.2676_print.jpg (1024x576) [173.0 KB] || root_n_grnd.4k.2676_searchweb.png (320x180) [73.6 KB] || root_n_grnd.4k.2676_web.png (320x180) [73.6 KB] || root_n_grnd.1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [50.5 MB] || root_n_grnd.1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [10.7 MB] || Sample_Composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || root_n_grnd.2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [118.5 MB] || ", "hits": 52 }, { "id": 4818, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4818/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2020-04-20T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Day 2020: GRACE Groundwater Storage", "description": "GRACE Groundwater Storage, With LabelsThis video is also available on our YouTube channel. || grace_w_labels.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [84.3 KB] || grace_w_labels.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [47.9 KB] || grace_w_labels.00001_thm.png (80x40) [4.5 KB] || grace_w_labels.webm (1920x1080) [6.9 MB] || grace_w_labels.mp4 (1920x1080) [111.2 MB] || captions_silent.29566.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || grace_w_labels.mp4.hwshow [180 bytes] || ", "hits": 63 }, { "id": 4718, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4718/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2019-05-23T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Visualization Elements for Global Freshwater Campaign", "description": "The following visualizations and animations were created in support of the video release \"NASA Follows Changing Freshwater from Space,\" entry ID 13227, for use as elements within the video. || ", "hits": 37 }, { "id": 4627, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4627/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2018-05-16T13:00:00-04:00", "title": "GRACE 15-Year Groundwater Trends", "description": "Africa, No Colorbar || africa_groundwater_no_cbar.01500_print.jpg (1024x576) [108.2 KB] || africa_groundwater_no_cbar.01500_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.6 KB] || africa_groundwater_no_cbar.01500_web.png (320x180) [71.6 KB] || africa_no_cbar (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || africa_groundwater_no_cbar_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [21.3 MB] || africa_groundwater_no_cbar_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [5.6 MB] || ", "hits": 58 }, { "id": 4588, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4588/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2017-10-06T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Improvements in Groundwater and Soil Moisture Measurements Derived from the GRACE Mission", "description": "From space, we track water in the ground – whether it is a centimeter, a meter, or a kilometer below the surface. Around the world, NASA's GRACE satellites have provided unprecedented views of water storage in natural aquifers. These underground reserves are so massive that they affect Earth's gravity field. When their mass changes, the satellites detect the change in gravity. Droughts can affect deep groundwater stores when water users pump hundreds of billions of gallons out of their aquifers to compensate for the lack of rainfall – and GRACE can detect this change.This view from space has revolutionized our understanding of water stores beneath the surface. But scientists at NASA Goddard can combine GRACE data with sophisticated computer models to give decision makers in the continental US an otherwise unseen view, helping to trigger critical water conservation measures.These computer models help us decompose the GRACE signal to identify changes in both the shallow groundwater and the root zone where crops are actually drawing moisture to survive. Stations on the ground provide a connect-the-dots picture. The vantage point from space – combined with modeling – provides a comprehensive view of how the drought evolved over time and ultimately ended.This constantly changing snapshot of shallow groundwater conditions is now used every week in the US Drought Monitor, the benchmark relied upon by decision makers at the local, state, and federal level.This visualization shows the global Terrestrial Water Storage Anomaly from GRACE data, and then highlights the contiguous United States to show groundwater anomaly. This more detailed view is made by assimilating GRACEwater storage data into a supercomputer model of the land surface. The visualization dives into California, showing further detail by separating out the surface soil moisture (top 2 centimeters) and the root zone soil mositure (top 100 centimeters). || ", "hits": 55 }, { "id": 30880, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30880/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-05-11T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Antarctic Ice Loss 2002-2016", "description": "The mass of the Antarctic ice sheet has changed over the last several years. Research based on observations from NASA’s twin NASA/German Aerospace Center’s twin Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites indicates that between 2002 and 2016, Antarctica shed approximately 125 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.35 millimeters per year.These images, created with GRACE data, show changes in Antarctic ice mass since 2002. Orange and red shades indicate areas that lost ice mass, while light blue shades indicate areas that gained ice mass. White indicates areas where there has been very little or no change in ice mass since 2002. In general, areas near the center of Antarctica experienced small amounts of positive or negative change, while the West Antarctic Ice Sheet experienced a significant ice mass loss (dark red) over the fourteen-year period. Floating ice shelves whose mass GRACE doesn't measure are colored gray. || ", "hits": 222 }, { "id": 30879, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30879/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2017-05-02T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland Ice Loss 2002-2016", "description": "The mass of the Greenland ice sheet has rapidly declined in the last several years due to surface melting and iceberg calving. Research based on observations from the NASA/German Aerospace Center’s twin Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites indicates that between 2002 and 2016, Greenland shed approximately 280 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.03 inches (0.8 millimeters) per year. These images, created from GRACE data, show changes in Greenland ice mass since 2002. Orange and red shades indicate areas that lost ice mass, while light blue shades indicate areas that gained ice mass. White indicates areas where there has been very little or no change in ice mass since 2002. In general, higher-elevation areas near the center of Greenland experienced little to no change, while lower-elevation and coastal areas experienced up to 13.1 feet (4 meters) of ice mass loss (expressed in equivalent-water-height; dark red) over a 14-year period. The largest mass decreases of up to 11.8 inches (30 centimeters (equivalent-water-height) per year occurred along the West Greenland coast. The average flow lines (grey; created from satellite radar interferometry) of Greenland’s ice converge into the locations of prominent outlet glaciers, and coincide with areas of high mass loss. || ", "hits": 331 }, { "id": 4338, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4338/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-07-30T17:00:00-04:00", "title": "Global Terrestrial Water Storage Anomaly", "description": "Slow zoom out starting over the United States revealing the rest of the world. || grace_world_anom.6000_print.jpg (1024x576) [118.7 KB] || grace_world_anom.6.mp4 (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [32.0 KB] || grace_world_anom.6.webm (1920x1080) [896.4 KB] || grace_world_anom.6.mp4.hwshow [45 bytes] || ", "hits": 76 }, { "id": 4320, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4320/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2015-06-29T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Sudd Wetlands Water Cycle", "description": "Sudd Wetlands Water Cycle || nile_revisited.2574_print.jpg (1024x576) [211.9 KB] || nile_revisited.2574_searchweb.png (320x180) [109.2 KB] || nile_revisited.2574_thm.png (80x40) [7.3 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || nile_revisited_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [12.1 MB] || nile_revisited_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [99.5 MB] || nile_revisited_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [188 bytes] || ", "hits": 30 }, { "id": 30521, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30521/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-10-01T23:00:00-04:00", "title": "California Drought", "description": "The NASA Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) mission, launched in 2002, maps changes in Earth's gravity field resulting from the movement of water over the planet. As water moves around the globe — for example, due to flooding in some regions and drought in others — GRACE acts like a 'scale in the sky,' mapping the regions of Earth that are gaining or losing water each month. The GRACE mission has been particularly successful in monitoring the melting of the Greenland and Antartic ice sheets, and in mapping changing freshwater storage on land. This animation shows how the total amount of water (all of the snow, surface water, soil moisture and groundwater) varies in space and time, with the passage of dry seasons and wet seasons as well as with flooding, drought and transport due to water management Blue colors represent wetter than average conditions (relative to the 2002-2013 time period) and the red colors represent drier than average conditions. The graph at the left shows the monthly changes for the average of map region outlined in yellow. The yellow line in the graph at the left shows interannual variations.The Sacramento and San Joaquiin River basins are outlined in yellow and the rivers and their tributaries are shown by the blue lines. The basins include California's Central Valley, the most productive agricultural region in the United States. Ongoing drought in California has drained the state of nearly 15 cubic kilometers (12 miillion acre feet; 4 trillion gallons) of water in each of the last 3 years. Much of the loss is a result of groundwater depletion. Limited rainfall and snowmelt throughout the state has forced agriculture and cities to rely more heavily on groundwater reserves, resulting in rapid depletion of the aquifer beneath the Central Valley. At least 50% of the annual water loss is due to the removal of groundwater. || ", "hits": 61 }, { "id": 4205, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4205/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-09-24T09:00:00-04:00", "title": "Earth Science Heads-up Display", "description": "On September 10, 2014, NASA's Earth Observing System (EOS) was celebrated in an evening event at the Smithsonian National Air and Space Museum in Washington DC. The title of this event was \"Vital Signs: Taking the Pulse of Our Planet\", and the speakers at this event included several Earth Scientists from Goddard Space Flight Center. This animation was used in the beginning of the event to illustrate the interconnectedness of the many Earth-based data sets that NASA has produced over the last decade or so. The animation simulates a view of the Earth from the International Space Station, over which interconnected data sets are displayed as if on a head-up display. || ", "hits": 75 }, { "id": 30503, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30503/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2014-05-13T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Ocean Bottom Pressure from GRACE", "description": "The twin Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, launched on March 17, 2002, have been making detailed measurements of Earth’s gravity field from space and revolutionizing investigations about Earth's ocean, water reservoirs, large-scale solid Earth changes, and ice cover.To aid in the interpretation of gravity change over the oceans, the GRACE Tellus project provides ocean bottom pressure maps derived from the GRACE satellite data. Ocean bottom pressure is the sum of the mass of the atmosphere and ocean in a \"cylinder\" above the seafloor. This visualization shows monthly changes in ocean bottom pressure data obtained by the GRACE satellites from November 2002 to January 2012. Purple and blue shades indicate regions with relatively low ocean bottom pressure, while red and white shades indicate regions with relatively high ocean bottom pressure. Scientists use these data to observe and monitor changes in deep ocean currents, which transport water and energy around the globe. || ", "hits": 53 }, { "id": 4134, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4134/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2014-01-16T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "Groundwater Depletion in India Revealed by GRACE -Extended", "description": "Scientists using data from NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) have found that the groundwater beneath Northern India has been receding by as much as one foot per year over the past decade. After examining many environmental and climate factors, the team of hydrologists led by Matt Rodell of NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, Md. concluded that the loss is almost entirely due to human consumption.Groundwater comes from the natural percolation of precipitation and other surface waters down through Earth's soil and rock, accumulating in aquifers - cavities and layers of porous rock, gravel, sand, or clay. In some subterranean reservoirs, the water may be thousands to millions of years old; in others, water levels decline and rise again naturally each year. Groundwater levels do not respond to changes in weather as rapidly as lakes, streams, and rivers do. So when groundwater is pumped for irrigation or other uses, recharge to the original levels can take months or years. The animation shown here depicts the change in groundwater levels with respect to the 2003-2009 mean, as measured each month from January 2003 to June 2013. || ", "hits": 157 }, { "id": 30473, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30473/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-11-01T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Observing Freshwater Losses in the Middle East", "description": "A study using data from NASA’s Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites found that large parts of the arid Middle East region lost freshwater reserves rapidly during the past decade. Meanwhile, demand for freshwater continues to rise. The two natural-color images on the left were acquired by the Landsat 5 satellite and show the shrinking of the Qadisiyah Reservoir in Iraq between September 7, 2006 [top left] and September 15, 2009 [bottom left]. The graph below these two images shows the elevation of the water in that reservoir between January 2003 and December 2009. The elevation is a proxy measurement for the total volume of water stored there. The two regional images on the right were created with GRACE data and show total water storage in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins for September 2003 [top right] and September 2009 [bottom right]. The graph shows a decrease in water storage for the study area as measured by GRACE from January 2003 to December 2009. The gray line depicts total water storage—groundwater, surface water bodies, and soil moisture—while the green line depicts changes in surface water. The difference between those two lines reflects the change in water stored in underground aquifers. The total water storage shows a seasonal fluctuation, but also an overall downward trend, suggesting that groundwater is being pumped and used faster than natural processes can replenish it. Data from satellites such as GRACE are essential to providing a more complete global picture of water storage trends.Used in 2014 Calendar. || ", "hits": 89 }, { "id": 30177, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30177/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-17T12:00:00-04:00", "title": "Measuring Soil Moisture from Space", "description": "These maps combine data from the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) with other satellite and ground-based measurements to model the relative amount of water stored at three different levels: at the surface, at plant root level and underground from January 2003 to December 2014. The wetness, or water content, of each layer is compared to the average between 1948 and 2009. The darkest red regions represent dry conditions that should occur only 2 percent of the time (about once every 50 years). All of the maps are experimental products funded by NASA’s Applied Sciences Program and developed by scientists at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center and the National Drought Mitigation Center. The maps do not attempt to represent human consumption of water; but rather, they show changes in water storage related to weather, climate, and seasonal patterns. || ", "hits": 90 }, { "id": 30478, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/30478/", "result_type": "Hyperwall Visual", "release_date": "2013-10-08T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Greenland Ice Loss 2003-2013", "description": "The mass of the Greenland ice sheet has rapidly been declining over the last several years due to surface melting and iceberg calving. Research based on observations from NASA’s twin Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites indicates that between 2003 and 2013, Greenland shed approximately 280 gigatons of ice per year, causing global sea level to rise by 0.8 millimeters per year. These images, created with GRACE data, show changes in Greenland ice mass since 2003. Orange and red shades indicate areas that lost ice mass, while light blue shades indicate areas that gained ice mass. White indicates areas where there has been very little or no change in ice mass since 2003. In general, higher-elevation areas near the center of Greenland experienced little to no change, while lower-elevation and coastal areas experienced up to 3 meters of ice mass loss (dark red) over a ten-year period. The largest mass decreases of up to 30 centimeters per year occurred over southeastern Greenland. || ", "hits": 93 }, { "id": 4044, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4044/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-02-27T00:00:00-05:00", "title": "The Distributed Water Balance of the Nile Basin", "description": "This visualization shows how satellite data and NASA models are being applied to study the hydrology of the Nile basin. The Tropical Rainfall Measurement Mission (TRMM) Multisensor Precipitation Analysis (TMPA) provides three-hourly estimates of rainfall rate across much of the globe. Here we see the seasonal cycle of monthly precipitation derived from TMPA for Africa, including the Nile Basin. The annual migration of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) from the Nile Equatorial Lakes region around Lake Victoria, source of the White Nile, northward into Sudan and the highlands of Ethiopia, headwaters of the Blue Nile, and back is evident in the seasonal cycle in precipitation. This precipitation cycle drives flow through the Nile River system. The Nile basin, however, is intensely evaporative, and the majority of the water that falls as rain leaves the basin as evaporation rather than river flow—either from the humid headwaters regions or from large reservoirs and irrigation developments in Egypt and Sudan. The Atmosphere Land Exchange Inverse (ALEXI) evapotranspiration product, developed by USDA scientists, uses satellite data to map daily evapotranspiration across the entire Nile basin, providing unprecedented information on water consumption. The balance of rainfall and evapotranspiration can be seen in seasonal patterns of soil moisture, as simulated by the NASA Nile Land Data Assimilation System (LDAS), which merges satellite information with a physically-based land surface model to simulate variability in soil moisture—a critical variable for rainfed agriculture and natural ecosystems. Finally, the twin satellites of the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) can be used to monitor variability in total water storage, including surface water, soil moisture, and groundwater. The annual cycle in GRACE estimates of water storage anomalies clearly shows the seasonal movement of water storage due to precipitation patterns and the movement of surface waters from headwaters regions into the wetlands of South Sudan and the reservoirs of the lower Nile basin.The Nile is the longest river in the world and its basin is shared by 11 countries. Reliable, spatially distributed estimates of hydrologic storage and fluxes can provide critical information for water managers contending with multiple resource demands, a variable and changing climate, and the risk of damaging floods and droughts. NASA observations and modeling systems offer unique capabilities to meet these information needs. || ", "hits": 70 }, { "id": 4042, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4042/", "result_type": "Visualization", "release_date": "2013-02-12T11:00:00-05:00", "title": "Freshwater Losses In The Middle East", "description": "The visualization shows variations in total water storage from normal, in millimeters, in the Tigris and Euphrates river basins, as measured by NASA's Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) satellites, from January 2003 through December 2009. Reds represent drier conditions, while blues represent wetter conditions. The effects of the seasons are evident, as is the major drought that hit the region in 2007. The majority of the water lost was due to reductions in groundwater caused by human activities. By periodically measuring gravity regionally, GRACE tells scientists how much water storage changes over time. || ", "hits": 147 }, { "id": 10952, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10952/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2012-04-17T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "The Biggest Losers", "description": "Giant ice sheets cover Antarctica and Greenland, holding 99 percent of the world's freshwater ice. But the ice sheets are giving up this water, as glaciers accelerate their journey to the sea and warmer air and ocean currents melt the ice. Orbiting 300 miles above Earth, NASA's twin GRACE (Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment) satellites measure precisely how much these ice reservoirs are contributing to sea level rise. Measurements show Antarctica and Greenland are shedding roughly 385 billion tons of ice each year—that's more than 10 times the annual ice losses from Himalayan glaciers. This is causing global ocean waters to rise by about 0.04 inches each year. Watch the visualization below to see how the ice masses covering Greenland and Antarctica changed from 2003 to 2010. || ", "hits": 173 }, { "id": 10512, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10512/", "result_type": "Produced Video", "release_date": "2009-10-27T00:00:00-04:00", "title": "Science for a Hungry World: Growing Water Problems", "description": "One of the biggest changes to global agriculture is less about the food itself as it is about the water we use to grow it. In some areas, farmers are using freshwater resources - including groundwater - at an alarming rate. The GRACE satellites enable scientists to discover changes to underground aquifers by monitoring changes in the Earth's gravity. In northern India, farmers rely heavily on irrigation to grow crops, and the resulting massive aquifer depletion creates an uncertain future for the region. For complete transcript, click here. || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_512x288.05177_print.jpg (1024x576) [180.7 KB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_512x288_web.png (320x180) [321.0 KB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_512x288_thm.png (80x40) [18.0 KB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_960x540_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [72.9 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_1280x720_Youtube.mov (1280x720) [76.1 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_960x540_AppleTV.m4v (960x540) [176.9 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_1280x720_H264.mov (1280x720) [135.9 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_640x480_ipod.m4v (640x360) [52.9 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_512x288.mpg (512x288) [159.1 MB] || Agriculture_Episode_5_Water_320x240.mp4 (320x180) [23.2 MB] || bigmovie-science_for_a_hungry_world_5-water_problems.hwshow || ", "hits": 62 } ] }