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        {
            "id": 11019,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11019/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2012-06-28T09:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "Hubble, Swift Detect First-ever Changes in an Exoplanet Atmosphere",
            "description": "An international team of astronomers using data from NASA's Hubble Space Telescope has detected significant changes in the atmosphere of a planet located beyond our solar system. The scientists conclude the atmospheric variations occurred in response to a powerful eruption on the planet's host star, an event observed by NASA's Swift satellite.The exoplanet is HD 189733b, a gas giant similar to Jupiter, but about 14 percent larger and more massive. The planet circles its star at a distance of only 3 million miles, or about 30 times closer than Earth's distance from the sun, and completes an orbit every 2.2 days. Its star, named HD 189733A, is about 80 percent the size and mass of our sun.Astronomers classify the planet as a \"hot Jupiter.\" Previous Hubble observations show that the planet's deep atmosphere reaches a temperature of about 1,900 degrees Fahrenheit (1,030 C).HD 189733b periodically passes across, or transits, its parent star, and these events give astronomers an opportunity to probe its atmosphere and environment. In a previous study, a group led by Lecavelier des Etangs used Hubble to show that hydrogen gas was escaping from the planet's upper atmosphere. The finding made HD 189733b only the second-known \"evaporating\" exoplanet at the time.The system is just 63 light-years away, so close that its star can be seen with binoculars near the famous Dumbbell Nebula. This makes HD 189733b an ideal target for studying the processes that drive atmospheric escape.When HD 189733b transits its star, some of the star's light passes through the planet's atmosphere. This interaction imprints information on the composition and motion of the planet's atmosphere into the star's light.In April 2010, the researchers observed a single transit using Hubble's Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), but they detected no trace of the planet's atmosphere. Follow-up STIS observations in September 2011 showed a surprising reversal, with striking evidence that a plume of gas was streaming away from the exoplanet.The researchers determined that at least 1,000 tons of gas was leaving the planet's atmosphere every second. The hydrogen atoms were racing away at speeds greater than 300,000 mph. Because X-rays and extreme ultraviolet starlight heat the planet's atmosphere and likely drive its escape, the team also monitored the star with Swift's X-ray Telescope (XRT). On Sept. 7, 2011, just eight hours before Hubble was scheduled to observe the transit, Swift was monitoring the star when it unleashed a powerful flare. It brightened by 3.6 times in X-rays, a spike occurring atop emission levels that already were greater than the sun's. Astronomers estimate that HD 189733b encountered about 3 million times as many X-rays as Earth receives from a solar flare at the threshold of the X class. || ",
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        {
            "id": 10350,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10350/",
            "result_type": "Produced Video",
            "release_date": "2008-09-10T00:00:00-04:00",
            "title": "STIS Repair: The Quest for Renewed Exploration",
            "description": "Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS), the most versatile spectrograph ever to fly on Hubble, ceased operations in August 2004 due to the failure of its power supply. In order to restore STIS to operational status, astronauts will perform a never-before-attempted on-orbit replacement of an electronics board inside STIS's main electronics box. On Earth this operation is relatively simple, but in space many challenges confront the astronauts as they work to replace the failed board including working to remove 111 tiny, non-captive screws with astronaut gloves.  The Cosmic Origins Spectrograph  (COS) that will be added during Servicing Mission 4, and STIS are highly complementary and are very complimentary to each other providing scientists with a full set of spectroscopic tools for astrophysical research. The STIS instrument's accomplishments include determining the atmospheric composition of an exoplanet as well as spectra and images at ultraviolet and visible wavelengths of the Universe from our solar system out to cosmological distances. For complete transcript, click here. || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30.00852_print.jpg (1024x576) [68.6 KB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30_web.png (320x180) [204.7 KB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30_thm.png (80x40) [16.2 KB] || STIS_Repair_AppleTV.webmhd.webm (960x540) [57.1 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-720p30.mov (1280x720) [133.2 MB] || STIS_Repair_YouTube.mov (1280x720) [69.8 MB] || STIS_Repair_AppleTV.m4v (960x540) [143.0 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-iPod-lg.m4v (640x360) [45.7 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair-iPod-sm.m4v (320x180) [19.6 MB] || G2008-014HD-STIS_Repair.mpg (320x240) [63.3 MB] || ",
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