{ "id": 5424, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5424/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "The Different Sources of Atmospheric Methane", "description": "This data visualization shows methane (CH₄) in the Earth’s atmosphere during 2021. The colors represent contributions from different sources: agriculture and waste (fuchsia), industry (blue), wetlands (green), wildfires and cropland fires (yellow), and other natural sources (gray).", "release_date": "2025-09-22T07:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-09-18T10:55:17.638628-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1139773, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005400/a005424/TaggedCH4_Americas_2160x2160.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "TaggedCH4_Americas_2160x2160.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This view highlights Methane (CH4) sources over North and South America during 2021.", "width": 1024, "height": 1024, "pixels": 1048576 }, "main_video": { "id": 1155890, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005400/a005424/TaggedCH4_4-2-2025b_ch4_americas_sphere_ag.mp4", "filename": "TaggedCH4_4-2-2025b_ch4_americas_sphere_ag.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "", "width": 2160, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4665600 }, "main_credits": { "Visualizations by": [ { "name": "AJ Christensen", "employer": "SSAI" } ], "Scientific consulting by": [ { "name": "Lesley Ott", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" }, { "name": "Sourish Basu", "employer": "University of Maryland, College Park" } ] }, "progress": "Complete", "media_groups": [ { "id": 378668, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5424/#media_group_378668", "widget": "Basic text", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "This data visualization shows methane data (CH₄) in the Earth's atmosphere during 2021. The colors represent contributions from different sources: agriculture and waste (fuchsia), industry (blue), wetlands (green), wildfires and cropland fires (yellow), and other natural sources (gray). Advanced computer modeling techniques at NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office (GMAO) allow us to visualize how methane from these different sources is blown around by the wind, and how changes in atmospheric methane are determined by these sources, atmospheric circulation, and the atmospheric chemical sink.\r\n\r\nAs the visualization shows, different sources have different patterns in space and time. For example, industrial sources are concentrated near areas of human habitation and change little throughout the year. In contrast, wetland and fire sources are seasonal. Amazonian wetlands slow down as the dry season approaches in July-August, only to have fire emissions pick up. Boreal wetlands in Northern Canada, on the other hand, are quite dormant for most of the year and release most of their emissions at the end of summer in July-September. In Africa, large fires south of the Equator are seen to pick up in July-August, while north of the Equator the sub-Saharan grassland fires burn mostly November to January. Studying these patterns, and how they change from year to year, help us understand the primary drivers behind each of these emission sources, whether they be natural or anthropogenic.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 378463, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5424/#media_group_378463", "widget": "Video player", "title": "Americas (All Sources)", "caption": "This data visualization shows the different sources of methane (CH₄) in the Earth’s atmosphere over the course of the year 2021. This view highlights North and South America. 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This view highlights Europe, Middle East and Africa. The colors represent contributions from different sources: agriculture and waste (fuchsia), industry (blue), wetlands (green), wildfires and cropland fires (yellow), and other natural sources (gray).", "description": "", "items": [ { "id": 488809, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": "", "instance": { "id": 1156675, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005400/a005424/TaggedCH4_5-6-2025a_ch4_fivesources_sphere_emea.mp4", "filename": "TaggedCH4_5-6-2025a_ch4_fivesources_sphere_emea.mp4", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "", "width": 2160, "height": 2160, "pixels": 4665600 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 378508, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5424/#media_group_378508", "widget": "Video player", "title": "Asia Pacific (All Sources)", "caption": "This data visualization shows the different sources of methane (CH₄) in the Earth’s atmosphere over the course of the year 2021. This view highlights Asia-Pacific. 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This composite visualization showcases different sources for all regions. 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This visualization shows concentrations of air pollutants, such as Particulate Matter (PM2.5, fine particles smaller than 2.5 micrometers), Ozone (O~3~), Carbon Monoxide (CO), and Nitrogen Oxides (NO~x~) as they are tracked from NASA's Goddard Earth Observing System Composition Forecasting (GEOS-CF) system.", "release_date": "2025-05-05T11:30:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-02-18T21:16:12.213175-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 1156851, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005500/a005518/AirQuality_1920x1080_preview.png", "filename": "AirQuality_1920x1080_preview.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 5147, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5147/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "GEOS-FP Near-Surface Temperature", "description": "Near-surface temperature is calculated by sampling 3-D atmospheric fields from NASA’s GEOS-FP system 3 meters above Earth’s surface. GEOS-FP combines millions of weather observations with a predictive model to create a global best estimate of weather conditions that are used to begin a forecast.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:00:20.343865-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858328, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005147/MC01_stage3_GMAO_near_surface_temperature_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC01_stage3_GMAO_near_surface_temperature_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near surface temperature is calculated by sampling 3-D atmospheric fields from NASA’s GEOS-FP system 3 meters above Earth’s surface. GEOS-FP combines millions of weather observations with a predictive model to create a global best estimate of weather conditions that are used to begin a forecast.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5148, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5148/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "GEOS-FP Near-Surface Wind Speed", "description": "Near-surface wind speed is calculated by sampling 3-D atmospheric fields from NASA’s GEOS-FP system 10 meters above Earth’s surface. GEOS-FP combines millions of weather observations with a predictive model to create a global best estimate of weather conditions that are used to begin a forecast.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:00:50.862420-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858325, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005148/MC02_stage3_GMAO_near_surface_wind_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC02_stage3_GMAO_near_surface_wind_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near-surface wind speed is calculated by sampling 3-D atmospheric fields from NASA’s GEOS-FP system 10 meters above Earth’s surface. GEOS-FP combines millions of weather observations with a predictive model to create a global best estimate of weather conditions that are used to begin a forecast.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5151, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5151/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Particulate Matter (PM) 2.5", "description": "Near surface concentration of fine particular matter (PM2.5) estimated from NASA’s aerosol and weather fields produced by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:03:01.603329-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858344, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005151/MC01_stage4_GMAO_pm25_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC01_stage4_GMAO_pm25_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near surface concentration of fine particular matter (PM2.5) estimated from NASA’s aerosol and weather fields produced by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5152, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5152/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Near surface Ozone (O3)", "description": "Near surface concentration of ozone (O3) estimated by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:03:17.542885-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858348, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005152/MC02_stage4_GMAO_O3_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC02_stage4_GMAO_O3_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near surface concentration of ozone (O3) estimated by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5153, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5153/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Carbon Monoxide (CO)", "description": "Near surface concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) estimated by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:03:28.952688-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858352, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005153/MC03_stage4_GMAO_CO_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC03_stage4_GMAO_CO_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near surface concentration of carbon monoxide (CO) estimated by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5154, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5154/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Nitrogen Oxides (NOx)", "description": "Near surface concentration of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) estimated from concentrations of nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide produced by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "release_date": "2023-09-26T17:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-04-08T02:03:46.624493-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 858357, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005154/MC04_stage4_GMAO_NO2_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "MC04_stage4_GMAO_NO2_2048x1024_en.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Near surface concentration of Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) estimated from concentrations of nitrogen oxide and nitrogen dioxide produced by NASA’s GEOS-CF model.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } } ], "related": [ { "id": 5436, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5436/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "DYAMOND Global Carbon Dioxide for Science On A Sphere", "description": "This is the Science-on-a-Sphere version of svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5196.SOS label file: dyamond_timestamps.txt ||", "release_date": "2025-07-04T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-07-03T16:54:15.483411-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1140503, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005400/a005436/dyamondPointCloud_10-8-2024a_dyamond_co2_sos_volume_8k.00001_print.jpg", "filename": "dyamondPointCloud_10-8-2024a_dyamond_co2_sos_volume_8k.00001_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Global CO2 ppm for January-March of 2020. These frames are provided as a layer for video producers and only shows the CO2 volume, with no background.", "width": 1024, "height": 512, "pixels": 524288 } }, { "id": 5110, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5110/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Tagged by Source", "description": "Carbon dioxide (CO2) is the most prevalent greenhouse gas driving global climate change. However, its increase in the atmosphere would be even more rapid without land and ocean carbon sinks, which collectively absorb about half of human emissions every year. Advanced computer modeling techniques in NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office allow us to disentangle the influences of sources and sinks and to better understand where carbon is coming from and going to. ||", "release_date": "2023-06-16T10:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2026-01-05T15:47:43.308683-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 859342, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005100/a005110/CO2explainer_1080p30.00740_print.jpg", "filename": "CO2explainer_1080p30.00740_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "This visualization shows the CO2 being added to Earth's atmosphere over the course of the year 2021, split into four major contributors: fossil fuels in orange, burning biomass in red, land ecosystems in green, and the ocean in blue. The dots on the surface also show how atmospheric carbon dioxide is also being absorbed by land ecosystems in green and the ocean in blue. Though the land and oceans are each carbon sinks in a global sense, individual locations can be sources at different times.This annotated version highlights key CO2 sources and sinks and their seasonal patterns.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [ { "id": 5554, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5554/", "page_type": "Visualization", "title": "Atmospheric Methane Tagged by Source for Science on a Sphere", "description": "This data visualization shows methane in Earth's atmosphere during 2021. The colors represent different sources: agriculture and waste (fuchsia), industry (blue), wetlands (green), burning forests and farmlands (yellow) and other natural (gray). Advanced computer modeling techniques at NASA's Global Modeling and Assimilation Office allow us to view the distribution of CH4 sources to better understand how methane moves through Earth’s systems.", "release_date": "2025-07-11T12:25:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-07-10T16:43:14.327005-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1156696, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005500/a005554/edgeRerender_five_6-30-2025a_thumb.png", "filename": "edgeRerender_five_6-30-2025a_thumb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Thumbnail image of all methane sources combined", "width": 2048, "height": 1024, "pixels": 2097152 } } ] }