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"title": "Bennu TAG Surface Change",
"description": "This visualization begins with a top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu. As the camera moves closer, data representing the surface height change pre-post TAG fades on. The surface height change as a result of the TAG event is represented by both a color map and by offsetting the original DTM to reveal the TAG crater. The DTM offset is applied to the surface region within ~7.5 meters of impact, which is highlighted for emphasis. With this color bar, yellows, greens, and blues represent a decrease in elevation, light red represents no change in elevation, and dark red represents an increase in elevation. Thruster marks and a region of ejected surface material are labeled. The camera does a 360 degree spin around the sample site before returning to a top-down view of the color-mapped data. || Bennu_TAG_surface_change.00600_print.jpg (1024x576) [233.4 KB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change.00600_searchweb.png (320x180) [121.7 KB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change.00600_thm.png (80x40) [8.2 KB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [76.5 MB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change_print_still.00600.tif (3840x2160) [63.3 MB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [31.0 MB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [251.3 MB] || Bennu_TAG_surface_change_prores_2160p30.mov (3840x2160) [8.2 GB] || osiris-rex_animations.hwshow || ",
"release_date": "2022-07-07T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-18T00:12:01.948598-05:00",
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"alt_text": "This visualization begins with a top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu. As the camera moves closer, data representing the surface height change pre-post TAG fades on. The surface height change as a result of the TAG event is represented by both a color map and by offsetting the original DTM to reveal the TAG crater. The DTM offset is applied to the surface region within ~7.5 meters of impact, which is highlighted for emphasis. With this color bar, yellows, greens, and blues represent a decrease in elevation, light red represents no change in elevation, and dark red represents an increase in elevation. Thruster marks and a region of ejected surface material are labeled. The camera does a 360 degree spin around the sample site before returning to a top-down view of the color-mapped data. ",
"width": 1024,
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"pixels": 589824
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"main_credits": {
"Visualizations by": [
{
"name": "Kel Elkins",
"employer": "USRA"
}
],
"Produced by": [
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"name": "Dan Gallagher",
"employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC"
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"alt_text": "This visualization begins with a top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu. As the camera moves closer, data representing the surface height change pre-post TAG fades on. The surface height change as a result of the TAG event is represented by both a color map and by offsetting the original DTM to reveal the TAG crater. The DTM offset is applied to the surface region within ~7.5 meters of impact, which is highlighted for emphasis. With this color bar, yellows, greens, and blues represent a decrease in elevation, light red represents no change in elevation, and dark red represents an increase in elevation. Thruster marks and a region of ejected surface material are labeled. The camera does a 360 degree spin around the sample site before returning to a top-down view of the color-mapped data. ",
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"description": "The Origins Spectral Interpretation Resource Identification Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft arrived at near-Earth asteroid Bennu in December 2018. After studying the asteroid for nearly two years, the spacecraft successfully performed a Touch-And-Go (TAG) sample collection maneuver on October 20, 2020. The change in surface topography as a result of the sample collection maneuver is observed by comparing pre-TAG and post-TAG digital terrain models (DTM), revealing the newly-formed TAG crater.
OSIRIS-REx will return its sample of Bennu to Earth in September 2023.",
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"description": "Same visualization as above, but without “Point of Impact,” \"Ejected Material,\" and “Thruster Mark” labels",
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"alt_text": "Same visualization as above, but without “Point of Impact,” \"Ejected Material,\" and “Thruster Mark” labels",
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"width": 1920,
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"alt_text": "Same visualization as above, but without “Point of Impact,” \"Ejected Material,\" and “Thruster Mark” labels",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005010/Bennu_TAG_surface_change_noLabels_2160p30.mp4",
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"alt_text": "Same visualization as above, but without “Point of Impact,” \"Ejected Material,\" and “Thruster Mark” labels",
"width": 3840,
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"description": "Still image - Top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu.",
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"description": "Still image - Oblique view of the Nightingale TAG sample site with the TAG impact location labeled. ",
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"description": "Still image - Oblique view of the TAG sample site with pre-post surface height change data represented by both a color map and by offsetting the original DTM to reveal the TAG crater. The DTM offset is only applied to the surface region within ~7.5 meters of impact, which is highlighted for emphasis. Additional surface features resulting from TAG are labeled. ",
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"alt_text": "Still image - Oblique view of the TAG sample site with pre-post surface height change data represented by both a color map and by offsetting the original DTM to reveal the TAG crater. The DTM offset is only applied to the surface region within ~7.5 meters of impact, which is highlighted for emphasis. Additional surface features resulting from TAG are labeled. ",
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"description": "Still image - Top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu with pre-post surface height change data. ",
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"alt_text": "Still image - Top-down view of a high resolution digital terrain model (DTM) of the Nightingale TAG sample site on Bennu with pre-post surface height change data. ",
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],
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{
"role": "Visualizer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Kel Elkins",
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}
]
},
{
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"people": [
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"name": "Dan Gallagher",
"employer": "KBR Wyle Services, LLC"
}
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{
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"people": [
{
"name": "Dante Lauretta",
"employer": "The University of Arizona"
}
]
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{
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"people": [
{
"name": "Olivier Barnouin",
"employer": "JHUAPL"
}
]
}
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"papers": [],
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{
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"platform": "OSIRIS-REx",
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"type": "Other",
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"description": "The OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA) is a scanning LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). LIDAR is similar to RADAR, but it uses light instead of radio waves to measure distance. OLA emitted laser pulses at the surface of Bennu, which reflected back from the surface and returned a portion of the laser pulse to the LIDAR detector. By carefully measuring the time difference between the outgoing pulse and the incoming pulse, the distance from the spacecraft to the surface of Bennu was computed using the speed of light. This allowed OLA to provide high-resolution topographical information about Bennu during the mission.",
"credit": "",
"url": "",
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},
{
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"sensor": "OCAMS",
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"organizations": [],
"description": "The OSIRIS-REx Camera Suite (OCAMS) consists of three cameras: PolyCam, MapCam, and SamCam. These cameras captured a wealth of imagery during OSIRIS-REx’s time at asteroid Bennu. To help mission planners select a site on Bennu for sample collection, OCAMS provided global image mapping of the asteroid’s surface and more detailed images of potential sample sites. OCAMS also recorded the sampling event during the touch-and-go (TAG) maneuver.",
"credit": "NASA/University of Arizona/CSA/York University/MDA",
"url": "",
"date_range": null
}
],
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"Universe"
],
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"Hyperwall",
"OSIRIS-REx",
"Sample Return"
],
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"related": [
{
"id": 20362,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20362/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "Gravity on the Moon vs. Asteroid Bennu: Animation",
"description": "The lunar surface is better at resisting impacts than the loose surface of asteroid Bennu – thanks to the Moon’s much stronger gravity. || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_print.jpg (1024x576) [74.2 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_searchweb.png (320x180) [60.3 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_thm.png (80x40) [4.3 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [58.2 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [128.0 KB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.webm (3840x2160) [8.7 MB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.mov (3840x2160) [3.2 GB] || OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes_4K.mp4 (3840x2160) [238.1 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2022-07-07T15:20:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T11:44:05.758248-04:00",
"main_image": {
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020300/a020362/OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_print.jpg",
"filename": "OREX-MoonvsBennuMograph-ProRes.00240_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The lunar surface is better at resisting impacts than the loose surface of asteroid Bennu – thanks to the Moon’s much stronger gravity.",
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}
},
{
"id": 20360,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20360/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "Thirty Seconds on Asteroid Bennu: Animation",
"description": "Data-driven animation showing how the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft impacted asteroid Bennu's surface when it touched down and collected a sample. || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.00111_print.jpg (576x1024) [160.5 KB] || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.00111_searchweb.png (320x180) [97.3 KB] || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.00111_thm.png (80x40) [6.1 KB] || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.webm (1920x1080) [13.2 MB] || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [175.4 MB] || 20360_Orex_tag_h264_4K.mp4 (3840x2160) [86.5 MB] || OREx_Tag_PNG (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || 20360_Orex_Prores_4k.mov (3840x2160) [4.4 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2022-07-07T14:30:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-09T15:54:14.509465-05:00",
"main_image": {
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020300/a020360/20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.00111_print.jpg",
"filename": "20360_Orex_tag_h264_1080.00111_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Data-driven animation showing how the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft impacted asteroid Bennu's surface when it touched down and collected a sample.",
"width": 576,
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}
},
{
"id": 4905,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4905/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "A Web Around Asteroid Bennu – Visualizations",
"description": "This visualization depicts the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft’s trajectory around the asteroid Bennu from the initial arrival in Dec 2018 through the final departure in April 2021. The trajectory is presented in a Sun Bennu North reference frame. Several mission segments are highlighted in white, leading up to the TAG sample collection maneuver on Oct 20, 2020. || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars.15100_print.jpg (1024x576) [105.4 KB] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars.15100_searchweb.png (320x180) [55.9 KB] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars.15100_thm.png (80x40) [3.5 KB] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [215.7 MB] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars_2160p60.webm (3840x2160) [133.2 MB] || web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars_2160p60.mp4 (3840x2160) [759.1 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2021-05-10T16:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-18T00:11:18.773437-05:00",
"main_image": {
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004905/web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars.15100_print.jpg",
"filename": "web_around_bennu-orbits_bennu_stars.15100_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This visualization depicts the OSIRIS-REx spacecraft’s trajectory around the asteroid Bennu from the initial arrival in Dec 2018 through the final departure in April 2021. The trajectory is presented in a Sun Bennu North reference frame. Several mission segments are highlighted in white, leading up to the TAG sample collection maneuver on Oct 20, 2020. ",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4862,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4862/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "TAG Event – Visualizations",
"description": "This visualization depicts the OSIRIS-REx TAG on October 20, 2020. The OSIRIS-REx satellite is represented by an orange dot and trail. The visualization begins with the satellite’s departure from orbit and continues through the checkpoint, matchpoint, TAG, and backaway maneuvers. || bennu_orbit_tag_wide.1860_print.jpg (1024x576) [19.3 KB] || PRORES_B-ROLL_4862_Bennu_TAG_Wide_prores_b-roll.mov (1280x720) [122.7 MB] || bennu_orbit_tag_wide (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_orbit_tag_wide_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [14.4 MB] || bennu_orbit_tag_wide_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [5.6 MB] || 4862_Bennu_TAG_Wide.mov (3840x2160) [1.1 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2020-10-15T09:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-18T00:11:06.322784-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 382095,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004800/a004862/bennu_orbit_tag_medium_j2000.2770_print.jpg",
"filename": "bennu_orbit_tag_medium_j2000.2770_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This is a closer view of the TAG, focusing on the checkpoint, matchpoint, TAG, and backaway maneuvers. White labels appear to highlight checkpoint and matchpoint. The TAG location is indicated with a marker that changes from white to green once the TAG has occurred. ",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4863,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4863/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Tour of Asteroid Bennu – Visualizations",
"description": "This first shot of the sequence begins with OSIRIS-REx’s arrival at the asteroid Bennu. A low resolution view of the asteroid is presented and thermal inertia data fades in, representing our initial understanding of the asteroid. The asteroid then spins quickly to serve as a transition to the second shot in the sequence. || bennu_tour_shot_01.1870_print.jpg (1024x576) [22.9 KB] || bennu_tour_shot_01 (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_tour_shot_01_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [11.9 MB] || bennu_tour_shot_01_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [7.7 MB] || 4863_Bennu_Tour_Shot_1.mov (1920x1080) [681.5 MB] || bennu_tour_shot_01 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_tour_shot_01_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [44.0 MB] || bennu_tour_shot_01_1080p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
"release_date": "2020-10-08T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-05-14T00:13:50.286157-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 382068,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004800/a004863/Bennu_tour_shot_02.3920_print.jpg",
"filename": "Bennu_tour_shot_02.3920_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This second shot in the sequence begins with a fast spinning Bennu, matching the end of the first shot in the sequence. As Bennu’s rotation decelerates, a highly detailed view of the asteroid is revealed using 20cm terrain elevation data (OLA) and high resolution imagery (PolyCam). The camera then zooms in and flys over several locations - Simurgh, Roc, Gargoyle, and Ocypete. Each of these locations are presented using 5cm terrain elevation tiles. ",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4857,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4857/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx – Detailed Global Views of Asteroid Bennu",
"description": "Looping animation of asteroid Bennu rotating. This 3D model of Bennu was created using 20cm resolution laser altimetry data and imagery taken by OSIRIS-REx. || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_print.jpg (1024x576) [75.3 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_searchweb.png (320x180) [18.4 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_thm.png (80x40) [1.6 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [77.5 MB] || Bennu_GlobalSpin_20cm_v2 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_spin_v3_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [32.4 MB] || bennu_spin_v3_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [242.3 MB] || 4857_Bennu_Global_Spin_20cm.mov (3840x2160) [12.0 GB] || 01_dworkin_bennu.hwshow || ",
"release_date": "2020-09-21T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-05-14T00:13:40.437623-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 389409,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004800/a004857/bennu_spin_v3_02_print.4150_print.jpg",
"filename": "bennu_spin_v3_02_print.4150_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Print resolution (5760x3240 pixels) still image of Bennu. The Nightingale sample site is visible in the northern hemisphere.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4482,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4482/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx orbits, maneuvers, and mapping",
"description": "The Origins Spectral Interpretation Resource Identification Security - Regolith Explorer spacecraft will travel to a near-Earth asteroid, called Bennu (formerly 1999 RQ36), and bring at least a 2.1-ounce sample back to Earth for study. The mission will help scientists investigate how planets formed and how life began, as well as improve our understanding of asteroids that could impact Earth.OSIRIS-REx launched on Sept. 8, 2016, at 7:05 p.m. EDT. As planned, the spacecraft will reach its target asteroid in 2018 and return a sample to Earth in 2023. These animations depict the journey of OSIRIS-REx to Bennu and back, including the complex maneuvers that the spacecraft will perform in the asteroid's low-gravity environment. The animations are presented in chronological order. || ",
"release_date": "2016-10-04T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-02T00:08:42.556864-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 419432,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004400/a004482/orex_Outbound_GravityAssist_0790_print.jpg",
"filename": "orex_Outbound_GravityAssist_0790_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "OSIRIS-REx outbound orbit to asteroid Bennu, including an Earth-gravity assist approximately one year after launch. The gravity assist will adjust the spacecraft’s orbit, putting it in the same inclination as the orbit of Bennu.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
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}
}
],
"sources": [],
"products": [
{
"id": 14179,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14179/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Asteroid Bennu’s Surprising Surface Revealed by OSIRIS-REx",
"description": "When OSIRIS-REx touched down on asteroid Bennu, it encountered a surface of loose rocks and pebbles just barely held together by gravity.Complete transcript available.Universal Production Music: “Subsurface” by Ben Niblett and Jon CottonWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || TAG_Science_Preview_4_print.jpg (1024x576) [182.1 KB] || TAG_Science_Preview_4.png (3840x2160) [10.5 MB] || TAG_Science_Preview_4.jpg (3840x2160) [902.0 KB] || TAG_Science_Preview_4_searchweb.png (180x320) [109.2 KB] || TAG_Science_Preview_4_thm.png (80x40) [7.1 KB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_Twitter.mp4 (1280x720) [22.5 MB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_Twitter.webm (1280x720) [10.5 MB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_Facebook.mp4 (1920x1080) [127.7 MB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_Captions.en_US.srt [2.0 KB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_Captions.en_US.vtt [1.9 KB] || 14179_TAG_Science_SHORT_MASTER.mov (3840x2160) [5.0 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2022-07-07T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T11:44:06.226396-04:00",
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"alt_text": "When OSIRIS-REx touched down on asteroid Bennu, it encountered a surface of loose rocks and pebbles just barely held together by gravity.Complete transcript available.Universal Production Music: “Subsurface” by Ben Niblett and Jon CottonWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.",
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