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    "id": 4990,
    "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4990/",
    "page_type": "Visualization",
    "title": "20 years of AIRS Global Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) measurements (2002- March 2022)",
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    "release_date": "2022-05-28T00:00:00-04:00",
    "update_date": "2025-03-02T00:12:59.951965-05:00",
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        "alt_text": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-March 2022.The CO2_frames_dates_values.csv can be used to sync frame number, date and CO2 values.",
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    "main_credits": {
        "Visualizations by": [
            {
                "name": "Helen-Nicole Kostis",
                "employer": "USRA"
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        "Scientific consulting by": [
            {
                "name": "Vivienne H. Payne",
                "employer": "Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)"
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            "description": "This data visualization shows the global distribution and variation of the concentration of mid-tropospheric carbon dioxide observed by the Atmospheric Infrared Sounder (AIRS) on the NASA Aqua spacecraft over a 20 year timespan. One obvious feature that we see in the data is a continual increase in carbon dioxide with time, as seen in the shift in the color of the map from light yellow towards red as time progresses. Another feature is the seasonal variation of carbon dioxide in the northern hemisphere, which is governed by the growth cycle of plants. This can be seen as a pulsing in the colors, with a shift towards lighter colors starting in April/May each year and a shift towards red as the end of each growing season passes into winter. The seasonal cycle is more pronounced in the northern hemisphere than the southern hemisphere, since the majority of the land mass is in the north. <br><br>The visualization includes a data-driven spatial map of global carbon dioxide and a timeline on the bottom. The timeline showcases the monthly timestep and is paired with the adjusted carbon dioxide value. Areas where the air pressure is less than 750mB (areas of high-altitude) have been marked in the visualization as low data quality (striped) areas. This entry offers two versions of low data quality (stiped) areas. One version includes striped regions as they are calculated on data values and the second version features striped regions below 60 South.<br><br><hr><br><b>Data Sources:</b><br><ul><br><li><b>Carbon Dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>)</b> from the <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5067/ZPZ430KOPMIX\">Sounder SIPS: AQUA AIRS IR-only Level 3 CLIMCAPS: Comprehensive Quality Control Gridded Monthly V2 (SNDRAQIL3CMCCP)</a>, which is a monthly product of global coverage and of spatial resolution 1x1 degrees.<br><br>The visualizations included on this page, utilize the variable <i>co2_vmr_uppertop</i> from the CLIMCAPS product. Areas where the air pressure is less than 750mB (areas of high-altitude) and below 60 degrees South have been marked in the visualization as low data quality (striped areas). In addition, areas with data gaps and of high altitude less than 5% of the resolution of the product have been filled using the nearest neighbor algorithm.<br>\r<br><i>Citation</i>: Chris Barnet (2019), Sounder SIPS: AQUA AIRS IR-only Level 3 CLIMCAPS: Comprehensive Quality Control Gridded Monthly V2, Greenbelt, MD, USA, Goddard Earth Sciences Data and Information Services Center (GES DISC), Accessed: [May 26, 2022], doi: <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5067/ZPZ430KOPMIX\">10.5067/ZPZ430KOPMIX</a></li><br><li><b>Trends in Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide</b> by NOAA. The visualizations on this page feature de-seasonalized mean value measurements from the <a href=\"https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/data.html\">Mauna Loa CO2 monthly mean data</a> for the period September 2002-March 2022, Accessed: [April 8, 2022]. \r<br>\r<br><i>Citation</i>: Dr. Pieter Tans, NOAA/GML (<a href=\"https://gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/\">gml.noaa.gov/ccgg/trends/</a>) and Dr. Ralph Keeling, Scripps Institution of Oceanography (<a href=\"https://scrippsco2.ucsd.edu/\">scrippsco2.ucsd.edu</a>).\r<br>\r<br><i>Citation</i>: Keeling, Ralph F; Keeling, Charles D. (2017). Atmospheric Monthly In Situ CO2 Data - Mauna Loa Observatory, Hawaii (Archive 2021-09-07). In Scripps CO2 Program Data. UC San Diego Library Digital Collections. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.6075/J08W3BHW\">https://doi.org/10.6075/J08W3BHW</a></li><br><li>Continental and country outlines from the Scientific Visualization Studio, NASA/GSFC. </li></ul></hr><br><hr> The rest of this webpage offers custom versions for web, HD and 4K display systems.</hr><br><hr><b>climate.nasa.gov</b><br>This section contains assets designed for <a href=\"https://climate.nasa.gov/vital-signs/carbon-dioxide/\">climate.nasa.gov</a><br>",
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            "description": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-March 2022.<p><p>The <a href=\"https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/CO2_frames_dates_values.csv\">CO2_frames_dates_values.csv</a> can be used to sync frame number, date and CO<sub>2</sub> values.",
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                        "alt_text": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-March 2022.The CO2_frames_dates_values.csv can be used to sync frame number, date and CO2 values.",
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                        "height": 480,
                        "pixels": 345600
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                },
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                    "id": 212348,
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                        "media_type": "Frames",
                        "alt_text": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-March 2022.The CO2_frames_dates_values.csv can be used to sync frame number, date and CO2 values.",
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            "widget": "Basic text with HTML",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "</hr><br><hr><b>HD content</b><br>Additional visualization content in HD resolution.<br>",
            "items": [],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
        {
            "id": 314569,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4990/#media_group_314569",
            "widget": "Video player",
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            "description": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution.",
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                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2airs_1920x108030p.0771.png",
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution.",
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                        "height": 1080,
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                },
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                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2airs_1920x108030p.0771_print.jpg",
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                },
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                    "instance": {
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                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2airs_1920x1080p30.mp4",
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution.",
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                },
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution.",
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                },
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution.",
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                },
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                    "extra_data": null,
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                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2airs_1920x1080p30.mp4.hwshow",
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                        "media_type": "HyperwallShow",
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            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4990/#media_group_314570",
            "widget": "Basic text with HTML",
            "title": "",
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            "description": "</hr><br><hr><b>4K content</b><br>",
            "items": [],
            "extra_data": {}
        },
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            "id": 314571,
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            "description": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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                    "instance": {
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                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2_airs_4K_composite.0771_print.jpg",
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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                        "media_type": "Frames",
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                },
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            "description": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO<sub>2</sub>) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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                },
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                        "media_type": "Frames",
                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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                },
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                    "id": 212366,
                    "type": "media",
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                        "media_type": "Movie",
                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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                },
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                    "id": 212367,
                    "type": "media",
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                        "alt_text": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for 4K resolution. ",
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        },
        {
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            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4990/#media_group_314573",
            "widget": "Basic text with HTML",
            "title": "",
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            "description": "</hr><br><hr><b> Science On a Sphere (SOS) content</b><br>The following section contains assets designed for Science On a Sphere and related displays.<br>SOS playlist file: <a href=\"../vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/playlist.sos\">playlist.sos</a><br>SOS label file: <a href=\"../vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/labels.txt\">labels.txt</a><br>",
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            "extra_data": {}
        },
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            "id": 314574,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4990/#media_group_314574",
            "widget": "Video player",
            "title": "",
            "caption": "",
            "description": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
            "items": [
                {
                    "id": 212371,
                    "type": "media",
                    "extra_data": null,
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                    "instance": {
                        "id": 551748,
                        "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004990/co2_airs_4096x2048p30.0001_print.jpg",
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                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
                        "width": 1024,
                        "height": 512,
                        "pixels": 524288
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 212370,
                    "type": "media",
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                        "media_type": "Image",
                        "alt_text": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
                        "width": 4096,
                        "height": 2048,
                        "pixels": 8388608
                    }
                },
                {
                    "id": 212368,
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                        "media_type": "Frames",
                        "alt_text": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
                        "width": 4096,
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                },
                {
                    "id": 212369,
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                        "media_type": "Frames",
                        "alt_text": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
                        "width": 4096,
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                },
                {
                    "id": 212373,
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                        "media_type": "Movie",
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                },
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                        "media_type": "Movie",
                        "alt_text": "Frames and movie in 4096x2048 resolution for Science On a Sphere displays.",
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            "description": "Thumbnail image for Science On a Sphere.",
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                        "alt_text": "Thumbnail image for Science On a Sphere.",
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                },
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                    "employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc."
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            "release_date": "2023-02-24T16:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-02T23:13:17.698444-05:00",
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                "alt_text": "Thumbnail image for Science on a Sphere (SOS).",
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            "release_date": "2022-04-11T12:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-16T22:54:20.310401-04:00",
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                "filename": "CO2Volumetric_9600x3240_30fps.02582_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Data visualization in wide aspect ratio and 9600x3240 resolution,  featuring volumetric carbon dioxide on a global scale for the period June 1, 2020 - July 31, 2021. This set of frames can be shown on 5x3 hyperwalls and wide aspect ratio displays. Lower resolution movies are provided for preview.",
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        {
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            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Concentration Increase of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO₂)",
            "description": "Timeplot of increase of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide  (CO2) concentrations relative to the pre-industrial CO2 long-term mean value of 278ppm. During 2021, atmospheric CO2 concentrations reached a record-level increase of 50% relative to pre-industrial CO2 levels. || CO2_Increase_1920x1080_30p.01509.png (1920x1080) [382.9 KB] || CO2_Increase_1920x1080_30p.01509_print.jpg (1024x576) [45.5 KB] || CarbonDioxide_Increase (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || CarbonDioxide_Increase_1920x1080_30p.mp4 (1920x1080) [5.4 MB] || CO2_Increase_1920x1080_30p.01509.tif (1920x1080) [7.9 MB] || CarbonDioxide_Increase_1920x1080_30p.webm (1920x1080) [5.9 MB] || CarbonDioxide_Increase_alpha (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || CarbonDioxide_Increase (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || CarbonDioxide_Increase_4K.mp4 (3840x2160) [31.1 MB] || CarbonDioxide_Increase_Alpha (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-01-12T00:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-02T00:12:47.127433-05:00",
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                "filename": "CO2_Increase_Dark_1920x1080_30p.01509.png",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Timeplot of increase of atmospheric Carbon Dioxide (CO2) concentrations relative to the pre-industrial CO2 long-term mean value of 278ppm. During 2021, atmospheric CO2 concentrations reached a record-level increase of 50% relative to pre-industrial CO2 levels. This version is created with a dark background.",
                "width": 1920,
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        {
            "id": 4949,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4949/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Global Carbon Dioxide 2020-2021",
            "description": "Data visualization featuring volumetric carbon dioxide on a global scale for the period June 1, 2020 - July 31, 2021.Coming soon to our YouTube channel. || CO2Volumetric_1024x576_02582_print.jpg (1024x576) [90.6 KB] || CO2Volumetric_1024x576_02582.png (1024x576) [569.1 KB] || CO2Volumetric_1024x576_02582_searchweb.png (180x320) [60.0 KB] || CO2Volumetric_1024x576_02582_thm.png (80x40) [5.1 KB] || CO2Volumetric_1920x1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [65.3 MB] || CO2Volumetric_1920x1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [13.3 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || CO2Volumetric_3840x2160_30fps_02582.exr (3840x2160) [63.3 MB] || CO2Volumetric_3840x2160_30fps_02582.tif (3840x2160) [44.5 MB] || captions_silent.31831.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || CO2Volumetric_3840x2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [931.2 MB] || ",
            "release_date": "2021-11-02T00:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-06-23T00:13:12.848869-04:00",
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                "filename": "CO2Volumetric_1024x576_02582.png",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Data visualization featuring volumetric carbon dioxide on a global scale for the period June 1, 2020 - July 31, 2021.Coming soon to our YouTube channel.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
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        },
        {
            "id": 4908,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4908/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "Climate Drivers",
            "description": "Data visualization of human and natural drivers of climate change for the period 1850-2018, showcasing data products from NASA's GISS Model E 2.1-G and observations.Dr. Gavin Schmidt uses this visual to explain NASA's role in tracking and predicting climate at the 2021 COP26 conference -   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCAcKuJaJOg. || ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923_print.jpg (1024x576) [106.7 KB] || ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923_searchweb.png (320x180) [44.7 KB] || ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || ClimateDrivers_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.2 MB] || ClimateDrivers_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.6 MB] || Composite (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || ClimateDrivers_3840x2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [36.1 MB] || ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923.tif (3840x2160) [31.7 MB] || ClimateDrivers_1080p30.mp4.hwshow || ",
            "release_date": "2021-06-30T11:00:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-06-23T00:13:01.639067-04:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 378289,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004900/a004908/ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923_print.jpg",
                "filename": "ClimateDrivers_3840x2160_30fps_923_print.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Data visualization of human and natural drivers of climate change for the period 1850-2018, showcasing data products from NASA's GISS Model E 2.1-G and observations.Dr. Gavin Schmidt uses this visual to explain NASA's role in tracking and predicting climate at the 2021 COP26 conference -   https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CCAcKuJaJOg.",
                "width": 1024,
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                "pixels": 589824
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    "sources": [],
    "products": [],
    "newer_versions": [
        {
            "id": 5024,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5024/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "20 years of AIRS Global Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) measurements (2002-October 2022)",
            "description": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO₂) for the period September 2002-October 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution. || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.0794_print.jpg (1024x576) [170.8 KB] || 60South_exr (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || co2airs_60South_1920x1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [25.0 MB] || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.0794.exr (1920x1080) [5.5 MB] || co2airs_60South_1920x1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.0 MB] || co2airs_60South_1920x1080p30.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ",
            "release_date": "2023-01-31T22:00:00-05:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-02T00:13:15.720093-05:00",
            "main_image": {
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                "filename": "5024_airs_co2_preview.png",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO2) for the period September 2002-March 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-October 2022.The CO2_frames_dates_values.csv can be used to sync frame number, date and CO₂ values.",
                "width": 1024,
                "height": 576,
                "pixels": 589824
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        },
        {
            "id": 5025,
            "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/5025/",
            "page_type": "Visualization",
            "title": "20 years of AIRS Global Carbon Dioxide (CO₂) measurements (2002-May 2022)",
            "description": "Data visualization of global carbon dioxide (CO₂) for the period September 2002-May 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Data visualization assets are designed for HD resolution. || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.0779.png (1920x1080) [1.8 MB] || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.0779_print.jpg (1024x576) [171.8 KB] || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.8 MB] || 60South_exr (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.webm (1920x1080) [3.0 MB] || co2airs_60South_1920x108030p.mp4.hwshow [194 bytes] || ",
            "release_date": "2022-09-14T17:30:00-04:00",
            "update_date": "2025-03-02T00:13:15.889859-05:00",
            "main_image": {
                "id": 369363,
                "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a005000/a005025/5025_airs_co2_720x405.jpg",
                "filename": "5025_airs_co2_720x405.jpg",
                "media_type": "Image",
                "alt_text": "Monthly frames (720x480 resolution) of global carbon dioxide (CO₂) for the period September 2002-May 2022, showcasing data products from NASA's Aqua mission. Each frame represents a montly timestep for the period September 2002-May 2022.The CO2_frames_dates_values.csv can be used to sync frame number, date and CO₂ values.",
                "width": 720,
                "height": 405,
                "pixels": 291600
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    "older_versions": [],
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}