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NASA’s Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite 2, or ICESat-2 dense laser altimetry data allowed scientists for the first-time to precisely map subglacial lakes in Antarctica. NASA’s ICESat-2 measures the height of the ice surface, which, despite its enormous thickness, rises or falls as lakes fill or empty under the ice sheet. In the study, titled Illuminating Active Subglacial Lake Processes With ICESat-2 Laser Altimetry, published in Geophysical Research Letters, researchers Matthew Siegfried et al. integrated height data from NASA’s ICESat-2 mission, its predecessor ICESat, as well as from CryosSat-2 from the European Space Agency. The published findings provide critical insight for spotting new subglacial lakes from space and a better understanding of their drain and fill cycles. Furthermore, the findings increase our knowledge on how outlines or boundaries of lakes change gradually as water enters and leaves the reservoirs.\r
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The data visualization sequence starts with a view of the Americas from space and slowly zooms into the continent of Antarctica. During the gradual zoom labels indicate ice formations of high relevance in West Antarctica, such as Ross Ice Shelf, Siple Coast, Mercer Ice Stream, Whillans Ice Stream and finally Conway Subglacial Lake and Mercer Subglacial Lake. The Conway and Mercer subglacial lakes are located near the suture between Mercer and Whillans ice streams – one of the most studied active subglacial regions in Antarctica. After the final zoom stage surface-height anomaly data reveal changes in the study area of Lake Conway and Lake Mercer for the period of September 2018-June 2020.\r
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The data sequence shows the connected fill-drain cycle of Conway and Mercer subglacial lakes. For example by May 2019, we can see how water drained from Lake Conway to Lake Mercer, where the area within the outlines of Conway subglacial lake is mostly brown-ish and the area within the outlines of Mercer subglacial lake is mostly blue-ish. In addition, we can see that by January 2020 the opposite shift has occurred, where water from Lake Mercer drained to Lake Conway. During the sequence, we can also detect the formation of two new smaller lakes, adjacent to the Conway and Mercer subglacial lakes. These two new lakes are called: Lower Conway Subglacial Lake, which is located between Lake Conway and Lake Mercer and Lower Mercer Subglacial Lake, which is located south of Mercer subglacial lake. \r

The data visualization content featured on this page contains distinct versions for 4K and HD resolutions. Please select the appropriate version for the native resolution of your screen.
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Data Sources:\r

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", "width": 100, "height": 1000, "pixels": 100000 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 317013, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4913/#media_group_317013", "widget": "Basic text", "title": "For More Information", "caption": "", "description": "See [https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-space-lasers-map-meltwater-lakes-in-antarctica-with-striking-precision/](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-space-lasers-map-meltwater-lakes-in-antarctica-with-striking-precision/)", "items": [], "extra_data": {} } ], "studio": "svs", "funding_sources": [ "ESE" ], "credits": [ { "role": "Visualizer", "people": [ { "name": "Helen-Nicole Kostis", "employer": "USRA" }, { "name": "Greg Shirah", "employer": "NASA/GSFC" } ] }, { "role": "Scientist", "people": [ { "name": "Matthew R. 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", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 13068, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13068/", "page_type": "Infographic", "title": "ICESat-2 Infographic", "description": "Infographic || infographic_thumb_print.jpg (1024x532) [141.4 KB] || ICESat2_Infographic.png (2625x3375) [6.8 MB] || infographic_thumb_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.7 KB] || infographic_thumb_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || Downloadable high-resolution infographic illustrating the major technology and science objectives of the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2. || ", "release_date": "2018-09-11T15:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:27.389854-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 400460, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013000/a013068/infographic_thumb_print.jpg", "filename": "infographic_thumb_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Infographic", "width": 1024, "height": 532, "pixels": 544768 } }, { "id": 13044, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13044/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "ICESat-2 L-30 Science Briefing Graphics", "description": "Next month, NASA will launch into space the most advanced laser instrument of its kind, beginning a mission to measure – in unprecedented detail – changes in the heights of Earth’s polar ice.NASA’s Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) will measure the average annual elevation change of land ice covering Greenland and Antarctica to within the width of a pencil, capturing 60,000 measurements every second.“ICESat-2’s new observational technologies will advance our knowledge of how the ice sheets of Greenland and Antarctica contribute to sea level rise while also helping us understand the connection of sea ice loss to the global system,” said Thomas Wagner, cryosphere program scientist in NASA’s Science Mission Directorate.ICESat-2 will extend and improve upon NASA's 15-year record of monitoring the change in polar ice heights, which started in 2003 with the first ICESat mission and continued in 2009 with NASA’s Operation IceBridge, an airborne research campaign that monitors the accelerating rate of change.ICESat-2 represents a major technological leap in our ability to measure changes in ice height. Its Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) measures height by timing how long it takes individual light photons to travel from the spacecraft to Earth and back.NASA will host a media teleconference at 1 p.m. EDT Wednesday, Aug. 22, to discuss the upcoming launch of the Ice, Cloud and land Elevation Satellite (ICESat-2), which will fly NASA's most advanced laser altimeter to measure Earth’s changing ice. The teleconference will stream live on NASA's website.ICESat-2 is scheduled to launch Sept. 15 from Vandenberg Air Force Base.The briefing participants are: • Tom Wagner, cryosphere program scientist in the Science Mission Directorate (SMD) at NASA Headquarters • Richard Slonaker, ICESat-2 program executive in SMD • Doug McLennan, ICESat-2 project manager at NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center • Donya Douglas-Bradshaw, Advanced Topographic Laser Altimeter System (ATLAS) instrument project manager at Goddard • Tom Neumann, ICESat-2 deputy project scientist at GoddardFor more information:Media AdvisoryICESat-2 Video Resources || ", "release_date": "2018-08-22T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:29.834518-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 400995, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013000/a013044/icesat2-hqprint_0_searchweb.png", "filename": "icesat2-hqprint_0_searchweb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Figure 4 (Richard Slonaker) -- NASA's current 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"Icesat2-HQprint_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "High resolution print graphic of the spacecraft above the Earth.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [ { "id": 13877, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13877/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "New Lakes Discovered Under Antarctic Ice with NASA's ICESat-2", "description": "Hundreds of meltwater lakes hide deep beneath the expanse of Antarctica’s ice sheet. With a powerful laser altimeter system in space, NASA’s Ice Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) is helping scientists \"see\" under the ice.For more on the story: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-space-lasers-map-meltwater-lakes-in-antarctica-with-striking-precisionComplete transcript available. || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_print.jpg (1024x576) [130.6 KB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_searchweb.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_web.png (320x180) [88.9 KB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.mp4 (1920x1080) [142.1 MB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.webm (1920x1080) [14.9 MB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.en_US.srt [2.5 KB] || Icesat2_Lakes_Final.en_US.vtt [2.5 KB] || ", "release_date": "2021-07-07T12:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-10-10T23:53:15.762779-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 378081, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013800/a013877/Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_print.jpg", "filename": "Icesat2_Lakes_Final.00300_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Hundreds of meltwater lakes hide deep beneath the expanse of Antarctica’s ice sheet. With a powerful laser altimeter system in space, NASA’s Ice Cloud and land Elevation Satellite-2 (ICESat-2) is helping scientists \"see\" under the ice.For more on the story: https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2021/nasa-space-lasers-map-meltwater-lakes-in-antarctica-with-striking-precisionComplete transcript available.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } } ], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }