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"description": "When NASA’s OSIRIS-REx spacecraft arrived at asteroid Bennu in December 2018, its close-up images confirmed what mission planners had predicted nearly two decades before: Bennu is made of loose material weakly clumped together by gravity, and shaped like a spinning top. This major validation, however, was accompanied by a major surprise. Scientists had expected Bennu’s surface to consist of fine-grained material like a sandy beach, but instead OSIRIS-REx was greeted by a rugged world littered with boulders – the size of cars, the size of houses, the size of football fields.\r
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The main science goal of OSIRIS-REx is to briefly touch down on Bennu and collect a sample for return to Earth, but the asteroid’s unexpected roughness could pose a hazard to the spacecraft. Areas for safely touching down are fewer and smaller than anticipated, and OSIRIS-REx will have to navigate to them with unprecedented accuracy.
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The 3D animations on this page were created using laser altimetry data and imagery of Bennu taken by OSIRIS-REx.",
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"funding_sources": [
"ESE"
],
"credits": [
{
"role": "Visualizer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Kel Elkins",
"employer": "USRA"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Producer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Dan Gallagher",
"employer": "USRA"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Communications lead",
"people": [
{
"name": "Erin Morton",
"employer": "The University of Arizona"
},
{
"name": "Nancy Neal-Jones",
"employer": "NASA/GSFC"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Technical support",
"people": [
{
"name": "Ian Jones",
"employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc."
},
{
"name": "Eric Sokolowsky",
"employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc."
}
]
}
],
"missions": [
"OSIRIS-REX"
],
"series": [],
"tapes": [],
"papers": [],
"datasets": [
{
"name": "LIDAR",
"common_name": "",
"platform": "OSIRIS-REx",
"sensor": "OLA",
"type": "Other",
"organizations": [],
"description": "The OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA) is a scanning LIDAR (Light Detection and Ranging). LIDAR is similar to RADAR, but it uses light instead of radio waves to measure distance. OLA emitted laser pulses at the surface of Bennu, which reflected back from the surface and returned a portion of the laser pulse to the LIDAR detector. By carefully measuring the time difference between the outgoing pulse and the incoming pulse, the distance from the spacecraft to the surface of Bennu was computed using the speed of light. This allowed OLA to provide high-resolution topographical information about Bennu during the mission.",
"credit": "",
"url": "",
"date_range": null
},
{
"name": "Imagery",
"common_name": "",
"platform": "OSIRIS-REx",
"sensor": "OCAMS",
"type": "Observed Data",
"organizations": [],
"description": "The OSIRIS-REx Camera Suite (OCAMS) consists of three cameras: PolyCam, MapCam, and SamCam. These cameras captured a wealth of imagery during OSIRIS-REx’s time at asteroid Bennu. To help mission planners select a site on Bennu for sample collection, OCAMS provided global image mapping of the asteroid’s surface and more detailed images of potential sample sites. OCAMS also recorded the sampling event during the touch-and-go (TAG) maneuver.",
"credit": "NASA/University of Arizona/CSA/York University/MDA",
"url": "",
"date_range": null
}
],
"nasa_science_categories": [
"Planets & Moons"
],
"keywords": [
"Animation",
"Asteroid",
"Bennu",
"Candidate",
"Elevation data",
"Hyperwall",
"Imaging",
"Maneuver",
"map",
"Mapping",
"Orbit",
"Orbits",
"OSIRIS-REx",
"Sample Return",
"Site",
"Solar System",
"Transfer Orbit"
],
"recommended_pages": [],
"related": [
{
"id": 14387,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14387/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Worth the wait! NASA’s First Ever Sample From An Asteroid Just Days Away From Returning to Earth Live Shots",
"description": "Live coverage will begin at 10 a.m. EDT on Sept. 24 and air on NASA Television and the agency’s website, as well as YouTube, X, Facebook, and NASA’s App.For more information click NASA Invites Public to Share Excitement of Asteroid Sample Return || OREX_landing_banner5.jpeg (1800x720) [300.4 KB] || OREX_landing_banner5_print.jpg (1024x409) [97.4 KB] || OREX_landing_banner5_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.8 KB] || OREX_landing_banner5_thm.png (80x40) [7.7 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2023-09-12T06:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-09-21T13:45:34.783377-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 858582,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014300/a014387/OREX_landing_banner5.jpeg",
"filename": "OREX_landing_banner5.jpeg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Live coverage will begin at 10 a.m. EDT on Sept. 24 and air on NASA Television and the agency’s website, as well as YouTube, X, Facebook, and NASA’s App.For more information click NASA Invites Public to Share Excitement of Asteroid Sample Return",
"width": 1800,
"height": 720,
"pixels": 1296000
}
},
{
"id": 20323,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/20323/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx Sampling Area to Scale: Animations",
"description": "OSIRIS-REx is NASA’s first asteroid sample return mission. Its main science goal is to collect a sample of near-Earth asteroid Bennu for return to Earth in 2023. These animations show a size comparison of the planned sample collection area before arriving at Bennu (orange), and after arriving at Bennu (blue). The original mission plan envisioned a sample site with a diameter of 164 feet (50 m). However, the sampling region for site Nightingale is approximately 26 ft (8 m) in diameter. The area safe enough for the spacecraft to touch is the width of a few parking spaces. || ",
"release_date": "2020-09-09T12:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:44:43.421032-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 382831,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a020000/a020300/a020323/NightingaleParkingLotV2_print.jpg",
"filename": "NightingaleParkingLotV2_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Surface-level view of OSIRIS-REx at sample site Nightingale, with a parking lot for comparison.\rCredit: NASA/Goddard/CI Lab/University of Arizona",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 13489,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13489/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx: X Marks the Spot - 2019 AGU Press Conference",
"description": "Close-up images of the OSIRIS-REx sample site candidates on asteroid Bennu.Credit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona || Bennu_Site_Candidates_CloseUp_print.jpg (1024x575) [150.1 KB] || Bennu_Site_Candidates_CloseUp.png (7999x4499) [15.5 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2019-12-12T14:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:20.556269-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 389196,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013400/a013489/2_Lauretta_2_print.jpg",
"filename": "2_Lauretta_2_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "2. Lauretta - Bennu sample site candidate close-upsCredit: NASA/Goddard/University of Arizona",
"width": 1024,
"height": 575,
"pixels": 588800
}
},
{
"id": 13504,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13504/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "NASA Science Live: OSIRIS-REx - X Marks the Spot (Episode 13)",
"description": "NASA Science Live: OSIRIS-REx - X Marks the Spot [Episode 13]Air Date: December, 12, 2019Watch this video on the ScienceAtNASA YouTube channel. || NSL_ep13_still_print.jpg (1024x573) [80.4 KB] || NSL_ep13_still.png (2554x1430) [4.0 MB] || NSL_ep13_still_searchweb.png (320x180) [87.0 KB] || NSL_ep13_still_thm.png (80x40) [6.2 KB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13_lowres.mp4 (1280x720) [550.4 MB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13.webm (960x540) [814.2 MB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13.en_US.srt [50.1 KB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13.en_US.vtt [47.0 KB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13_youtube_720.mp4 (1280x720) [3.0 GB] || 13504_NSL_OSIRIS_REx_Ep13.mov (1280x720) [20.3 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2019-12-12T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:22.039503-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 388597,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013504/NSL_ep13_still_print.jpg",
"filename": "NSL_ep13_still_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA Science Live: OSIRIS-REx - X Marks the Spot [Episode 13]Air Date: December, 12, 2019Watch this video on the ScienceAtNASA YouTube channel.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 573,
"pixels": 586752
}
}
],
"sources": [],
"products": [
{
"id": 13565,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13565/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Asteroid Bennu: Selecting Site Nightingale",
"description": "After a year of studying asteroid Bennu, the OSIRIS-REx mission chose a location called “Nightingale” as the primary sample collection site.Universal Production Music: “Extreme Measures” by John Sands and Marc Ferrari, “Ice Echoes” by Dominik Luke Marsden Johnson, “Look at the Mirror” by Jonathan FigoliWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_print.jpg (1024x576) [150.9 KB] || Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3.jpg (3840x2160) [2.4 MB] || Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_web.png (320x180) [19.5 KB] || Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_searchweb.png (320x180) [19.5 KB] || Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_thm.png (80x40) [2.1 KB] || TWITTER_720_13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER_twitter_720.mp4 (1280x720) [42.3 MB] || 13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER.webm (960x540) [96.1 MB] || FACEBOOK_720_13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER_facebook_720.mp4 (1280x720) [252.3 MB] || YOUTUBE_1080_13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER_youtube_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [319.9 MB] || 13565_Bennu_Nightingale_CAPTIONS.en_US.srt [5.3 KB] || 13565_Bennu_Nightingale_CAPTIONS.en_US.vtt [5.3 KB] || 13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER.mp4 (3840x2160) [4.8 GB] || 13565_Bennu_Nightingale_MASTER.mov (3840x2160) [13.4 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2020-02-27T15:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:08.117368-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 386458,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013500/a013565/Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_print.jpg",
"filename": "Bennu20cmGlobalPreviewV3_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "After a year of studying asteroid Bennu, the OSIRIS-REx mission chose a location called “Nightingale” as the primary sample collection site.\r\rUniversal Production Music: “Extreme Measures” by John Sands and Marc Ferrari, “Ice Echoes” by Dominik Luke Marsden Johnson, “Look at the Mirror” by Jonathan Figoli\rWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
],
"newer_versions": [
{
"id": 4857,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4857/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx – Detailed Global Views of Asteroid Bennu",
"description": "Looping animation of asteroid Bennu rotating. This 3D model of Bennu was created using 20cm resolution laser altimetry data and imagery taken by OSIRIS-REx. || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_print.jpg (1024x576) [75.3 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_searchweb.png (320x180) [18.4 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_02.1000_thm.png (80x40) [1.6 KB] || bennu_spin_v3_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [77.5 MB] || Bennu_GlobalSpin_20cm_v2 (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_spin_v3_2160p30.webm (3840x2160) [32.4 MB] || bennu_spin_v3_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [242.3 MB] || 4857_Bennu_Global_Spin_20cm.mov (3840x2160) [12.0 GB] || 01_dworkin_bennu.hwshow || ",
"release_date": "2020-09-21T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-05-14T00:13:40.437623-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 389409,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004800/a004857/bennu_spin_v3_02_print.4150_print.jpg",
"filename": "bennu_spin_v3_02_print.4150_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Print resolution (5760x3240 pixels) still image of Bennu. The Nightingale sample site is visible in the northern hemisphere.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
],
"older_versions": [
{
"id": 4771,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4771/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx – Asteroid Bennu Sample Site Flyovers",
"description": "Global view of asteroid Bennu with insets of the four candidate sample collection sites. This animation is available in Hyperwall resolution (5760x3240).This video is also available on our YouTube channel. || bennu_sites_agu_4k_04_0750_print.jpg (1024x576) [155.8 KB] || bennu_sites_agu_4k_04_0750_searchweb.png (320x180) [64.4 KB] || bennu_sites_agu_4k_04_0750_thm.png (80x40) [5.1 KB] || bennu_sites_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [82.9 MB] || bennu_sites_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [9.3 MB] || Bennu_SampleSites (5760x3240) [0 Item(s)] || Bennu_SampleSites (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || captions_silent.28627.en_US.srt [43 bytes] || bennu_sites_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [218.3 MB] || 4771_Bennu_Sites_3D_Clean.mov (3840x2160) [4.9 GB] || bennu_sites_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [185 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2019-12-12T13:15:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-02T00:13:00.052938-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 389295,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004771/bennu_sites_agu_4k_04_0750_print.jpg",
"filename": "bennu_sites_agu_4k_04_0750_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Global view of asteroid Bennu with insets of the four candidate sample collection sites. This animation is available in Hyperwall resolution (5760x3240).This video is also available on our YouTube channel.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4744,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4744/",
"page_type": "Animation",
"title": "OSIRIS-REx - Asteroid Bennu Sample Site Finalists",
"description": "The visualization begins with a rotating 3D model representation of the asteroid Bennu, created using data from the OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA) instrument. Four candidate sample sites (with labels) are highlighted with PolyCam images.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_1349_print.jpg (1024x576) [149.3 KB] || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_1349_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_1349_print_searchweb.png (320x180) [56.8 KB] || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_1080p60.mp4 (1920x1080) [30.4 MB] || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_1080p60.webm (1920x1080) [4.3 MB] || Bennu_SampleSiteCallouts_wLabels (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || bennu_callouts_05_labels_4k_60fps_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [70.5 MB] || 4744_Bennu_4_Sites_Output.en_US.srt [47 bytes] || 4744_Bennu_4_Sites_Output.en_US.vtt [60 bytes] || 4744_Bennu_4_Candidate_Sites.mov (3840x2160) [3.1 GB] || bennu_callouts.hwshow [68 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2019-08-12T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-16T22:35:32.504815-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 419600,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004744/bennu_test_OLA_v2_03_callouts_06.3700_print.jpg",
"filename": "bennu_test_OLA_v2_03_callouts_06.3700_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "UNLABELED VERSIONThe visualization begins with a rotating 3D model representation of the asteroid Bennu, created using data from the OSIRIS-REx Laser Altimeter (OLA) instrument. Four candidate sample sites are highlighted with PolyCam images. ",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
],
"alternate_versions": []
}