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In these visualizations, we see how the total solar eclipse of July 2012 significantly affected this emission as the Moon's shadow moved across Earth. We also show wavelengths corresponding to two different populations of emitting atoms, the nitrogen LBH bands and the oxygen 135.6nm emission which has a strong contribution from ionized oxygen atoms.

Because the oxygen ions are charged, they respond to the electromagnetic force and exhibit some enhancement straddling the magnetic equator - the Appleton anomaly, which is created by a process called the 'fountain effect'. The nitrogen emission, from atoms with no net electric charge, does not respond to Earth's magnetic field so does not exhibit the Appleton anomaly.", "items": [], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 321543, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4762/#media_group_321543", "widget": "Video player", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Comparative visualizations of Earth in visible light and the ultraviolet emission of the nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands. 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This version presents the path of the solar eclipse but variations are available in the popup menu to the right.", "width": 1024, "height": 576, "pixels": 589824 } }, { "id": 232789, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 391368, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004762/GOLDEclipse201907.O5S+LBH_path_HD1080i_p5.webm", "filename": "GOLDEclipse201907.O5S+LBH_path_HD1080i_p5.webm", "media_type": "Movie", "alt_text": "Comparative visualizations of Earth in the ultraviolet emission of oxygen recombining from ions and ultraviolet emission of the nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands. In the oxygen version, the Appleton anomaly is faintly visible above and below the equator on the nightside of the Earth. This version presents the path of the solar eclipse but variations are available in the popup menu to the right.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 232790, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 391359, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004762/frames/1920x1080_16x9_5p/Eclipse2019.O5S_LBH_path/", "filename": "Eclipse2019.O5S_LBH_path", "media_type": "Frames", "alt_text": "Comparative visualizations of Earth in the ultraviolet emission of oxygen recombining from ions and ultraviolet emission of the nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands. In the oxygen version, the Appleton anomaly is faintly visible above and below the equator on the nightside of the Earth. 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This version presents the path of the solar eclipse but variations are available in the popup menu to the right.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 232792, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 391360, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004700/a004762/frames/1920x1080_16x9_5p/Eclipse2019.O5S_LBH_nopath/", "filename": "Eclipse2019.O5S_LBH_nopath", "media_type": "Frames", "alt_text": "Comparative visualizations of Earth in the ultraviolet emission of oxygen recombining from ions and ultraviolet emission of the nitrogen Lyman-Birge-Hopfield (LBH) bands. In the oxygen version, the Appleton anomaly is faintly visible above and below the equator on the nightside of the Earth. 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