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"alt_text": "This animation shows the seasonal advance and retreat of sea ice over the Arctic from 8/5/2005 through 8/4/2006. The yearly cycle is repeated three times while the camera circles the Arctic, providing a view of the sea ice from a wide range of viewpoints.",
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"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This animation depicts the seasonal sea ice change in northern Canada by cycling twice through August 5, 2005 to August 5, 2006.\n",
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"title": "2005 Sea Ice over the Arctic derived from AMSR-E",
"description": "This animation shows the Spring retreat and subsequent Autumn advance of sea ice over the Arctic from 1/1/2005 through 12/31/2005. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km brightness temperature, was designed to highlight the fissures in the sea ice. Moving 3-day minimum brightness temperatures provide a background for smooth ice movement over which the actual daily brightness temperatures were mapped for definition of the ice structures. The sea ice extent was defined by a 3-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, showing as ice all areas having a sea ice concentration greater than 15%. || ",
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"alt_text": "This animation shows the motion of the sea ice over the Arctic from 1/1/2005 through 12/31/2005. This product is available through our Web Map Service.",
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"page_type": "Visualization",
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"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum 2022, Animation",
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4756/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "AMSR2 2019 Minimum Arctic Sea Ice Extent",
"description": "2019 Sea Ice Minimum Extent || minimum_2019.1408_print.jpg (1024x576) [126.6 KB] || minimum_2019.1408_searchweb.png (320x180) [85.3 KB] || minimum_2019.1408_thm.png (80x40) [6.7 KB] || ice_min (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || minimum_2019_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [31.8 MB] || minimum_2019_1080p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.3 MB] || minimum_2019_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [186 bytes] || ",
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"alt_text": "2019 Sea Ice Minimum Extent",
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"title": "North Polar Sea Ice Minimum, 2014",
"description": "Sea ice acts as an air conditioner for the planet, reflecting energy from the Sun. On September 17, the Arctic Sea ice reached its minimum extent for 2014 — at 1.94 million square miles (5.02 million square kilometers), it’s the sixth lowest extent of the satellite record. With warmer temperatures and thinner, less resilient ice, the Arctic sea ice is on a downward trend. The red line in the still image indicates the average ice extent over the 30 year period between 1981 and 2011. || ",
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"title": "2013 Daily Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR2: May - September 2013",
"description": "The Japan Aerospace Exploration Agency (JAXA) provides many water-related products derived from data acquired by the Advanced Microwave Scanning Radiometer 2 (AMSR2) instrument aboard the Global Change Observation Mission 1st-Water \"SHIZUKU\" (GCOM-W1) satellite. Two JAXA datasets used in this animation are the 10-km daily sea ice concentration and the 10 km daily 89 GHz Brightness Temperature.In 2013, the National Snow and Ice Data Center (NSIDC) determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum of 5.1 million square kilometers on September 13, 2013 using a 5-day trailing average. NASA scientists independently determined the Arctic sea ice reached its annual minimum extent of 5.217 million square kilometers on September 12 using a 5-day running average. In this animation, the daily Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from May 16, 2013 through the minimum area of coverage for 2013. Two movies are provided: one stopping on September 12 and one that continues to September 13. Over the water, Arctic sea ice changes from day to day showing a running 3-day minimum sea ice concentration in the region where the concentration is greater than 15%. The blueish white colour of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running minimum of the AMSR2 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the land, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ",
"release_date": "2013-09-20T11:00:00-04:00",
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"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The complete animation of the daily AMSR2 sea ice from May 16 through September 13, 2013. ",
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"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Arctic Sea Ice Minimum Extent for 2010",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.In this animation, the Arctic sea ice and seasonal land cover change progress through time, from March 31, 2010 when sea ice in the Arctic was at its maximum extent, through September 19, 2010, when it was at its minimum. The blueish white color of the sea ice is derived from a 3-day running maximum of the AMSR-E 89 GHz brightness temperature. Over the terrain, monthly data from the seasonal Blue Marble Next Generation fades slowly from month to month. || ",
"release_date": "2010-09-29T00:00:00-04:00",
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{
"id": 3631,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3631/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Daily Arctic Sea Ice - Summer 2009",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover.Duing the summer of 2009, the arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent on September 12th. The 2009 minimum extent was the third lowest extent measured since the beginning of the satellite record in 1979. This animation shows the summer retreat of sea ice over the Arctic from 7/1/2009 through 9/12/2009. The sea ice was defined by a 3-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration, showing the region where the sea ice concentration was greater than 15%. The false color of the sea ice was derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km brightness temperature. || ",
"release_date": "2009-09-07T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:54:39.369868-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 496498,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003600/a003631/seaice_2009_wDates.0439.jpg",
"filename": "seaice_2009_wDates.0439.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This animation shows the retreat of the sea ice over the Arctic from 7/1/2009 through 9/12/2009. ",
"width": 1280,
"height": 720,
"pixels": 921600
}
},
{
"id": 3556,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3556/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuous motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008, from January 1 through September 14, the week during which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ",
"release_date": "2008-10-02T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:03.865952-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 501631,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003556/SeaIce_2008_V1_wDate.2056.jpg",
"filename": "SeaIce_2008_V1_wDate.2056.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The animation of Arctic sea ice from January 1 through September 14, 2008. The date is displayed in the upper right corner.",
"width": 1280,
"height": 720,
"pixels": 921600
}
},
{
"id": 3561,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3561/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Close view of 2008 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge identifies areas containing at least 15% ice concentration in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data.The animations below show the continuos motion of the Arctic sea ice during 2008 up to the point at which the Arctic sea ice reached its minimum extent. The 2008 minimum extent of 4.52 sq km (1.74 sq miles) is the second lowest extent recorded since 1979. || ",
"release_date": "2008-09-14T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:04.629741-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 501673,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003500/a003561/SeaIce_V2_w_date.2056.jpg",
"filename": "SeaIce_V2_w_date.2056.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The animation of Arctic sea ice from January 1 through September 12, identified by NSIDC as the minimum extent for 2008. This animation has a two second hold on September 12, 2008. The date is displayed in the upper left corner.",
"width": 1280,
"height": 720,
"pixels": 921600
}
},
{
"id": 3466,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3466/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Greenland in Foreground",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry.The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice. || ",
"release_date": "2007-10-02T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:32.774494-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 507067,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003466/seaIce_2007_v07_r1_still.1536.jpg",
"filename": "seaIce_2007_v07_r1_still.1536.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice highlights the fissures in blue and consolidated sea ice in white.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 3456,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/3456/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2007 Arctic Sea Ice from AMSR-E with Alaska in Foreground",
"description": "Sea ice is frozen seawater floating on the surface of the ocean. Some sea ice is semi-permanent, persisting from year to year, and some is seasonal, melting and refreezing from season to season. The sea ice cover reaches its minimum extent at the end of each summer and the remaining ice is called the perennial ice cover. The 2007 Arctic summer sea ice has reached the lowest extent of perennial ice cover on record - nearly 25% less than the previous low set in 2005. The area of the perennial ice has been steadily decreasing since the satellite record began in 1979, at a rate of about 10% per decade. But the 2007 minimum, reached on September 14, is far below the previous record made in 2005 and is about 38% lower than the climatological average. Such a dramatic loss has implications for ecology, climate and industry. The AMSR-E instrument on the Aqua satellite acquires high resolution measurements of the 89 GHz brightness temperature near the poles. Because this is a passive microwave sensor which is not so sensitive to atmospheric effects, this sensor is able to observe the entire polar region every day, even through clouds and snowfall. This animation progresses at a rate of six frames per day from January 1, 2007 through the minimum extent which occurred on September 14, 2007. The false color of the sea ice, derived from the AMSR-E 6.25 km 89 GHz brightness temperature, highlights the fissures or divergence areas in the sea ice cover by warm brightness temperatures (in blue) while cold brightness temperatures, shown in brighter white, represent consolidated sea ice. The sea ice edge is defined by the 15% ice concentration contour in the three-day moving average of the AMSR-E 12.5 km sea ice concentration data while ice extent is the sum of all pixels with at least 15% ice.An image of the sea ice on September 14, 2007 is included below, along with a corresponding image from September 21, 2005 showing the previous minimum sea ice extent. || ",
"release_date": "2007-09-18T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:34.675033-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 507395,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a003400/a003456/AMSR_E_09_14_2007_r1.1536.jpg",
"filename": "AMSR_E_09_14_2007_r1.1536.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This image shows the minimum sea ice extent that occurred on September 14, 2007.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
}
],
"alternate_versions": []
}