{
"id": 4595,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4595/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Mapping Particle Injections in Earth's Magnetosphere",
"description": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors. || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_print.jpg (1024x576) [115.4 KB] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_searchweb.png (320x180) [82.7 KB] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_thm.png (80x40) [6.3 KB] || TopView (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [29.7 MB] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.webm (1920x1080) [6.1 MB] || TopView (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.UHD3840_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [93.0 MB] || MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow [207 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2017-11-27T10:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-06T00:12:14.101392-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 409639,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_print.jpg",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
},
"main_video": null,
"main_credits": {
"Visualizations by": [
{
"name": "Tom Bridgman",
"employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc."
}
],
"Scientific consulting by": [
{
"name": "Drew L. Turner",
"employer": "Space Sciences Department, The Aerospace Corporation"
}
],
"Written by": [
{
"name": "Mara Johnson-Groh",
"employer": "Wyle Information Systems"
}
]
},
"progress": "Complete",
"media_groups": [
{
"id": 328490,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4595/#media_group_328490",
"widget": "Video player",
"title": "",
"caption": "",
"description": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"items": [
{
"id": 253576,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409639,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_print.jpg",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 253577,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409640,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_searchweb.png",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 320,
"height": 180,
"pixels": 57600
}
},
{
"id": 253578,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409641,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_thm.png",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.01200_thm.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 80,
"height": 40,
"pixels": 3200
}
},
{
"id": 253575,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409637,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/TopView/",
"filename": "TopView",
"media_type": "Frames",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253579,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409638,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253580,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409642,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.webm",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.webm",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253581,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409643,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/TopView/",
"filename": "TopView",
"media_type": "Frames",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 253582,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409644,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.UHD3840_2160p30.mp4",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.UHD3840_2160p30.mp4",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 438692,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 1100389,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.top.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow",
"media_type": "HyperwallShow",
"alt_text": "",
"width": 0,
"height": 0,
"pixels": null
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 328489,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4595/#media_group_328489",
"widget": "Basic text with HTML",
"title": "",
"caption": "",
"description": "Near-Earth space is not empty. It is filled with energetic charged particles and magnetic fields from the Sun and Earth. Some of these energetic particles make it into Earth's upper atmosphere, where they can create auroras around the north and south magnetic poles. But most of these energetic particles stay trapped by Earth's magnetic field, forming concentric belts encircling the planet, called the Van Allen Radiation Belts (Radiation Belts & Plasmapause).
When energetic particles are injected into Earth's radiation belts, perhaps by a reconnection event in Earth's magnetotail, they can become trapped by the geomagnetic field. Consequently, these energetic particles will propagate around Earth as they slowly disperse. If a satellite with particle monitors lies along the particle trajectory, the satellite can detect these particles (Prompt Electron Acceleration in the Radiation Belts). With multiple satellite detections, it is possible to approximately reconstruct the origin and path of the original particle injection. These visualizations illustrate the results of this reconstruction applied to a series of particle injections detected by multiple satellites on April 7, 2016.
In this visualization, we distinguish each injection with a different color, and that color is used to flash the satellite detecting that particular injection. The injections drift around Earth by a process called gradient drift (Plasma Zoo: Particle Drift in a Magnetic Gradient). Negative charged particles drift eastward (corresponding to counter-clockwise in the visualization view above the north geographic pole), while positive charged particles drift westward (corresponding to clockwise in the visualization view).",
"items": [],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 328491,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4595/#media_group_328491",
"widget": "Video player",
"title": "",
"caption": "",
"description": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"items": [
{
"id": 253584,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409647,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.00000_print.jpg",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.GSE.AU.clockSlate_EarthTarget.HD1080i.00000_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 253583,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409645,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/frames/1920x1080_16x9_30p/ObliqueIntro/",
"filename": "ObliqueIntro",
"media_type": "Frames",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253585,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409646,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.mp4",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.mp4",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253586,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409648,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.webm",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.webm",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
},
{
"id": 253587,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409649,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/frames/3840x2160_16x9_30p/ObliqueIntro/",
"filename": "ObliqueIntro",
"media_type": "Frames",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 253588,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 409650,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout_2160p30.mp4",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout_2160p30.mp4",
"media_type": "Movie",
"alt_text": "A view from the dusk limb of Earth, transitioning to a view above the northern hemisphere of particle injection propagation constructed from their respective satellite detections. Distinct injections, and their detection by satellites, are represented by different colors.",
"width": 3840,
"height": 2160,
"pixels": 8294400
}
},
{
"id": 438693,
"type": "media",
"extra_data": null,
"title": null,
"caption": null,
"instance": {
"id": 1100390,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004500/a004595/MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow",
"filename": "MagnetosphereMultiMission.SlowPullout.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow",
"media_type": "HyperwallShow",
"alt_text": "",
"width": 0,
"height": 0,
"pixels": null
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
},
{
"id": 328492,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4595/#media_group_328492",
"widget": "Basic text",
"title": "For More Information",
"caption": "",
"description": "See [NASA.gov](https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/all-missions-onboard-for-nasa-heliophysics-research)",
"items": [],
"extra_data": {}
}
],
"studio": "svs",
"funding_sources": [
"NASA Heliophysics"
],
"credits": [
{
"role": "Visualizer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Tom Bridgman",
"employer": "Global Science and Technology, Inc."
}
]
},
{
"role": "Scientist",
"people": [
{
"name": "Drew L. Turner",
"employer": "Space Sciences Department, The Aerospace Corporation"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Writer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Mara Johnson-Groh",
"employer": "Wyle Information Systems"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Producer",
"people": [
{
"name": "Genna Duberstein",
"employer": "USRA"
}
]
},
{
"role": "Technical support",
"people": [
{
"name": "Laurence Schuler",
"employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc."
},
{
"name": "Ian Jones",
"employer": "ADNET Systems, Inc."
}
]
}
],
"missions": [
"Geotail",
"Magnetospheric Multiscale (MMS)",
"THEMIS",
"Van Allen Probes"
],
"series": [],
"tapes": [],
"papers": [],
"datasets": [
{
"name": "SSCweb",
"common_name": "SSCweb ephemerides",
"platform": null,
"sensor": null,
"type": "Ephemeris",
"organizations": [
"NASA/GSFC Space Physics Data Facility"
],
"description": "Satellite ephemerides",
"credit": "",
"url": "http://sscweb.gsfc.nasa.gov",
"date_range": null
},
{
"name": "Space-Track Two-Line Elements",
"common_name": "Space-Track TLE",
"platform": null,
"sensor": null,
"type": "Ephemeris",
"organizations": [
"NORAD"
],
"description": "Satellite ephemerides",
"credit": "",
"url": "http://Space-Track.org",
"date_range": null
}
],
"nasa_science_categories": [
"Earth",
"Sun"
],
"keywords": [
"Geomagnetic Field",
"Hyperwall",
"Magnetosphere",
"Radiation Belts"
],
"recommended_pages": [],
"related": [
{
"id": 4480,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4480/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Prompt Electron Acceleration in the Radiation Belts",
"description": "Electrons gyrating along the lines of Earth's magnetic field make another orbit around Earth and strike the Van Allen Probe A AGAIN! || PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0540_print.jpg (1024x576) [139.2 KB] || PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0540_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.9 KB] || PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0540_thm.png (80x40) [6.0 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || PromptAccel.HD1080i_p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [48.5 MB] || PromptAccel.HD1080i_p30.webm (1920x1080) [3.1 MB] || PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.HD1080i_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [24.1 MB] || 3840x2160_16x9_30p (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [141.9 MB] || PromptAccel.HD1080i_p30.mp4.hwshow [189 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2016-08-15T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-05T23:08:26.149650-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 422626,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004400/a004480/PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0540_print.jpg",
"filename": "PromptAccel_EventCloseup_SlowOblique.slate_RigRHS.HD1080i.0540_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Electrons gyrating along the lines of Earth's magnetic field make another orbit around Earth and strike the Van Allen Probe A AGAIN!",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4263,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4263/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Plasma Zoo: Particle Drift in a Magnetic Gradient",
"description": "Visualization from two camera positions of simple gyro-motion of charged particles in a changing magnetic field. || BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg (1024x576) [124.3 KB] || BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_searchweb.png (320x180) [81.3 KB] || BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_thm.png (80x40) [5.6 KB] || BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_web.png (320x180) [81.3 KB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || BGradient.HD1080.webm (1920x1080) [3.7 MB] || BGradient_inertial_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [22.2 MB] || BGradient.HD1080.mov (1920x1080) [121.1 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2015-02-02T00:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:50:03.943038-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 447185,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004263/BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg",
"filename": "BGradient_inertial.HD1080i.0600_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Visualization from two camera positions of simple gyro-motion of charged particles in a changing magnetic field.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4241,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4241/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Radiation Belts & Plasmapause",
"description": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface) || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg (1024x576) [136.6 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_web.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_searchweb.png (320x180) [96.2 KB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_thm.png (80x40) [6.9 KB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD1080.mov (1920x1080) [28.3 MB] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [16.6 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_HD720.mov (1280x720) [10.6 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique_HD1080.webm (960x540) [2.3 MB] || BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_iPod.m4v (640x360) [3.7 MB] || radiation-belts--plasmapause.hwshow [342 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2014-11-26T13:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-05T22:41:17.330357-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 448594,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004200/a004241/Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"filename": "Earth_BeltsPlasmapauseParticles_Oblique.noslate_GSEmove.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Visualization of the radiation belts with confined charged particles (blue & yellow) and plasmapause boundary (blue-green surface)",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
],
"sources": [],
"products": [],
"newer_versions": [],
"older_versions": [],
"alternate_versions": []
}