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"description": "On an ordinary day, the insolation — the amount of sunlight hitting a given spot on the Earth — is proportional to the sine of the Sun's altitude. When the Sun is 30° above the horizon, the sunlight energy per square meter is half of what it is when the Sun is directly overhead. This relationship is the reason that the tropics are hot and the poles are cold. Combined with day length, it's also the reason for the difference in temperature between the seasons at temperate latitudes.
As this animation shows, the Moon's shadow dramatically, if temporarily, affects insolation in the continental United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017. The effect is readily apparent to observers in the path of totality. As the umbra passes overhead, the temperature drops by several degrees. The cooled column of air within the shadow cone can even influence cloud formation and the speed and direction of the wind.
The insolation map in the animation combines solar altitude with obscuration, the fraction of the Sun's area blocked by the Moon during the eclipse. It ignores a number of other factors, including atmospheric scattering, refraction, and cloud cover, that also play a role in the amount of sunlight that reaches the ground.",
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"description": "B-roll for August 21st Eclipse, filmed at NASA'S Goddard Space Flight Center's mall and visitor center. || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.06600_print.jpg (1024x576) [177.8 KB] || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.06600_searchweb.png (320x180) [115.7 KB] || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.06600_thm.png (80x40) [7.9 KB] || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.webm (1280x720) [30.1 MB] || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.mp4 (1280x720) [266.8 MB] || GSFC_ECLIPSE2017BROLL_TW@N_Handleman.mov (1280x720) [3.2 GB] || ",
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"title": "Are You Ready for the Eclipse? (Live Interviews on Aug. 16, 2017)",
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12534/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "What determines when we have an eclipse?",
"description": "Music: Witch Waltz by Dorian KellyComplete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel. || EclipsePlane_V7.00001_print.jpg (1024x576) [79.6 KB] || EclipsePlane_V7.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [62.0 KB] || EclipsePlane_V7.00001_thm.png (80x40) [3.8 KB] || EclipsePlane_V7.mp4 (1920x1080) [63.0 MB] || EclipsePlane_V7_1.mp4 (1920x1080) [91.4 MB] || EclipsePlane_V7.webm (1920x1080) [5.7 MB] || EclipsePlane_V7.en_US.srt [499 bytes] || EclipsePlane_V7.en_US.vtt [511 bytes] || EclipsePlane_V7.mov (1920x1080) [1.6 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2017-06-14T00:00:00-04:00",
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"alt_text": "Music: Witch Waltz by Dorian KellyComplete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.",
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{
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"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Tracing the 2017 Solar Eclipse",
"description": "When depicting an eclipse path, data visualizers have usually chosen to represent the moon's shadow as an oval. By bringing in a variety of NASA data sets, visualizer Ernie Wright has created a new and more accurate representation of the eclipse. For the first time, we are able to see that the moon's shadow is better represented as a polygon. This more complicated shape is based NASA's Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter's view of the mountains and valleys that form the moon's jagged edge. By combining moon's terrain, heights of land forms on Earth, and the angle of the sun, Wright is able to show the eclipse path with the greatest accuracy to date. || ",
"release_date": "2016-12-14T12:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:48:03.972681-04:00",
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"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Hear data visualizer Ernie Wright discuss the map in the video above. To see the maps unedited, watch the two videos below.Music credit: Life Choices by Eric ChevalierComplete transcript available.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.",
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{
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4390/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2017 Eclipse: Earth, Moon and Sun",
"description": "The Moon moves right to left in its orbit around the Earth. The shadow it casts hits the Earth during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. || sun_earth.0240_print.jpg (1024x576) [41.2 KB] || sun_earth.0240_searchweb.png (320x180) [37.9 KB] || sun_earth.0240_thm.png (80x40) [3.9 KB] || eclipse2017sunearth_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [3.6 MB] || eclipse2017sunearth_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [1.6 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || eclipse2017sunearth_720p30.webm (1280x720) [2.7 MB] || eclipse2017sunearth_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [514.7 KB] || eclipse2017sunearth_1080p30.mp4.hwshow [193 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2015-10-20T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-05T22:50:38.885412-05:00",
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004390/sun_earth_eclipse_print.jpg",
"filename": "sun_earth_eclipse_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A print-resolution still image showing the Earth, Moon, and Sun at 17:05:40 UTC during the August 21, 2017 eclipse. The image is 12 × 9 inches at 300 DPI.",
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"height": 768,
"pixels": 786432
}
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{
"id": 4314,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4314/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2017 Total Solar Eclipse in the U.S.",
"description": "A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red) through or very near several major cities. || usa.0780_print.jpg (1024x576) [144.7 KB] || usa.0780_searchweb.png (320x180) [90.1 KB] || usa.0780_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || eclipse2017usa_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [26.0 MB] || eclipse2017usa_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [14.0 MB] || eclipse2017usa_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.0 MB] || fancy (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || eclipse2017usa_2160p30.mp4 (3840x2160) [69.5 MB] || eclipse2017usa_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [5.1 MB] || fancy (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || 9600x3240_3x1_30p (9600x3240) [0 Item(s)] || 2017_US_eclipse_4314.pptx [14.6 MB] || 2017_US_eclipse_4314.key [17.1 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2015-09-09T10:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-02T00:07:13.266670-05:00",
"main_image": {
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004314/usa.0780_print.jpg",
"filename": "usa.0780_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A view of the United States during the total solar eclipse of August 21, 2017, showing the umbra (black oval), penumbra (concentric shaded ovals), and path of totality (red) through or very near several major cities.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
},
{
"id": 4321,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4321/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "2017 Eclipse Shadow Cones",
"description": "The umbral and penumbral shadow cones travel across the surface of the Earth during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse. || cones.0885_print.jpg (1024x576) [79.2 KB] || cones.0885_searchweb.png (320x180) [46.7 KB] || cones.0885_thm.png (80x40) [4.1 KB] || shadow_cones_1080p30.mp4 (1920x1080) [13.9 MB] || shadow_cones_720p30.mp4 (1280x720) [6.9 MB] || shadow_cones_720p30.webm (1280x720) [5.6 MB] || shadow_cones_720p30.wmv (1280x720) [17.9 MB] || 1920x1080_16x9_30p (1920x1080) [0 Item(s)] || shadow_cones_360p30.mp4 (640x360) [2.3 MB] || 2017-eclipse-shadow-cones-mp4.hwshow [217 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2015-09-09T10:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-05T00:06:11.167278-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 442334,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004300/a004321/cones.0885_print.jpg",
"filename": "cones.0885_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "The umbral and penumbral shadow cones travel across the surface of the Earth during the August 21, 2017 total solar eclipse.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
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}
}
],
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{
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"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11995/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Eyes on the 2017 Eclipse",
"description": "Along the 2017 total solar eclipse's path, scientists observe Earth and the Sun. || m17-092.jpg (1920x1080) [167.5 KB] || m17-092_1024x576.jpg (1024x576) [84.9 KB] || m17-092_searchweb.png (320x180) [51.5 KB] || m17-092_thm.png (80x40) [4.9 KB] || ",
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