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This visualization shows data from the GPM Microwave Imager, which observes different types of precipitation with 13 channels. Scientists analyze that data and then use it to calculate the light to heavy rain rates and falling snow within the storm.

For more information on this topic:

     GPM web site

Other multimedia items related to this story:

     GPM GMI First Light (#11508)

     GPM DPR First Light (#11509)
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This image shows the brightness temperature data from GMI’s 13 passive microwave channels. From left to right the channels are 10.6 GHz vertical polarization (V), 10.6 horizontal polarization (H), 18.7 V, 18.7 H, 23 V, 37 V, 37 H, 89 V, 89 H, 166 V, 166 H, 183+/-3 V, 183+/-7 V GHz and are labeled thusly. Frequencies between 10-23 GHz are sensitive primarily to liquid rain, between 36-89 GHz the channels are sensitive to both liquid and frozen precipitation, while the high frequencies are sensitive to frozen (snow) precipitation.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 341507, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4153/#media_group_341507", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Print resolution still of all 13 GPM/GMI bands grouped according to the kinds of precipitation that they help detect. The 5 bands to the left are sensitive primarily to liquid rain. The middle 4 are sensitive to both liquid and frozen precipitation, and the rightmost 4 are sensitive to frozen (snow) precipitation, as the associated icons represent.", "items": [ { "id": 293844, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457227, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.0600.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.0600.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of all 13 GPM/GMI bands grouped according to the kinds of precipitation that they help detect. The 5 bands to the left are sensitive primarily to liquid rain. 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The middle 4 are sensitive to both liquid and frozen precipitation, and the rightmost 4 are sensitive to frozen (snow) precipitation, as the associated icons represent.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 293843, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457228, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.0600.tif", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.0600.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of all 13 GPM/GMI bands grouped according to the kinds of precipitation that they help detect. The 5 bands to the left are sensitive primarily to liquid rain. 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Red areas indicate heavy rainfall, while yellow and blue indicate less intense rainfall. The upper right blue areas indicate falling snow.

This image also includes an icon representing rain rates across a rainbow colored spectrum with blue on the left and dark red on the far right.", "items": [ { "id": 293850, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457234, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.8x8.withIcon.1400.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.8x8.withIcon.1400.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still showing rain rates across a 550-mile (885 kilometer) wide swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed off the coast of Japan on March 10, 2014. Red areas indicate heavy rainfall, while yellow and blue indicate less intense rainfall. The upper right blue areas indicate falling snow.This image also includes an icon representing rain rates across a rainbow colored spectrum with blue on the left and dark red on the far right.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 293851, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457235, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.8x8.withIcon.1400_web.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.8x8.withIcon.1400_web.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still showing rain rates across a 550-mile (885 kilometer) wide swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed off the coast of Japan on March 10, 2014. Red areas indicate heavy rainfall, while yellow and blue indicate less intense rainfall. 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The upper right blue areas indicate falling snow.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 293854, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457238, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.8x8.sansIcon_web.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.8x8.sansIcon_web.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still showing rain rates across a 550-mile (885 kilometer) wide swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed off the coast of Japan on March 10, 2014. Red areas indicate heavy rainfall, while yellow and blue indicate less intense rainfall. The upper right blue areas indicate falling snow.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 293852, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457237, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.8x8.sansIcon.tif", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.8x8.sansIcon.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still showing rain rates across a 550-mile (885 kilometer) wide swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed off the coast of Japan on March 10, 2014. Red areas indicate heavy rainfall, while yellow and blue indicate less intense rainfall. The upper right blue areas indicate falling snow.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 341511, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4153/#media_group_341511", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Print resolution still of the GPM rain rate swath spanning across the entire Pacific Ocean on March 10th.", "items": [ { "id": 293856, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457239, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.1650.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.1650.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of the GPM rain rate swath spanning across the entire Pacific Ocean on March 10th.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 293857, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457241, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.1650_web.png", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.1650_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of the GPM rain rate swath spanning across the entire Pacific Ocean on March 10th.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 293858, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457242, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.1650_thm.png", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.1650_thm.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of the GPM rain rate swath spanning across the entire Pacific Ocean on March 10th.", "width": 80, "height": 40, "pixels": 3200 } }, { "id": 293855, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457240, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_still.1650.tif", "filename": "Pac_storm_still.1650.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of the GPM rain rate swath spanning across the entire Pacific Ocean on March 10th.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 341512, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4153/#media_group_341512", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Print resolution still of GPM collecting 37 GHz horizontally polarized Temperature Brightness data (colored in shades of aquamarine) on March 10th over a Pacific storm east of Japan.", "items": [ { "id": 293860, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457243, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of GPM collecting 37 GHz horizontally polarized Temperature Brightness data (colored in shades of aquamarine) on March 10th over a Pacific storm east of Japan.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } }, { "id": 293861, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457245, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783_web.jpg", "filename": "Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783_web.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of GPM collecting 37 GHz horizontally polarized Temperature Brightness data (colored in shades of aquamarine) on March 10th over a Pacific storm east of Japan.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 293859, "type": "media", "extra_data": null, "title": null, "caption": null, "instance": { "id": 457244, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004153/Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783.tif", "filename": "Pac_storm_TBrider_still.8x8.0783.tif", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Print resolution still of GPM collecting 37 GHz horizontally polarized Temperature Brightness data (colored in shades of aquamarine) on March 10th over a Pacific storm east of Japan.", "width": 3840, "height": 2160, "pixels": 8294400 } } ], "extra_data": {} }, { "id": 341513, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4153/#media_group_341513", "widget": "Single image", "title": "", "caption": "", "description": "Print resolution still showing rain rates across a 550-mile (885 kilometer) wide swath of an extra-tropical cyclone observed off the coast of Japan on March 10, 2014. 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The cyclone became the first storm imaged by NASA’s Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory, launched eleven days earlier. The two instruments aboard the satellite are tuned in to different types of precipitation—rain, snow, and any mixture of the two, letting scientists see exactly where each is falling inside a storm. This kind of detail is important for understanding how storms behave and how the water essential to life moves around the planet. Watch the video to learn more about the satellite and how it observes our watery world. || ", "release_date": "2014-04-01T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:51:03.147406-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 456705, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011400/a011470/cover-1920.jpg", "filename": "cover-1920.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Go inside an extratropical cyclone with NASA's newest rain and snow satellite.", "width": 1920, "height": 1080, "pixels": 2073600 } }, { "id": 11508, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11508/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "GPM GMI First Light", "description": "On March 10, the Core Observatory passed over an extra-tropical cyclone about 1055 miles (1700 kilometers) due east of Japan's Honshu Island. This visualization shows data from the GPM Microwave Imager, which observes different types of precipitation with 13 channels. Scientists analyze that data and then use it to calculate the light to heavy rain rates and falling snow within the storm. || ", "release_date": "2014-03-25T01:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2025-02-01T00:18:27.359901-05:00", "main_image": { "id": 457054, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011500/a011508/First_Light_Narr_v1_nasaportal_web.png", "filename": "First_Light_Narr_v1_nasaportal_web.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Narrated video using the first light visualizations of the GPM GMI instrument.For complete transcript, click here.This video is also available on our YouTube channel.", "width": 320, "height": 180, "pixels": 57600 } }, { "id": 11509, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11509/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "GPM DPR First Light", "description": "Images and animation from the GPM DPR first light. || ", "release_date": "2014-03-25T01:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2023-05-03T13:51:04.366697-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 457036, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011500/a011509/GPM_DPR_first-light_final.1018_print.jpg", "filename": "GPM_DPR_first-light_final.1018_print.jpg", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Credit: JAXAExtratropical cyclone in the Northwest Pacific observed by the Dual-frequency Precipitation Radar (DPR) on board the Global Precipitation Measurement (GPM) Core Observatory around 13:39Z on March 10th, 2014.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "sources": [], "products": [ { "id": 14617, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/14617/", "page_type": "Produced Video", "title": "A Decade of Global Precipitation", "description": "Music: \"One Last Go,\" \"Building Expectations,\" \"Our Dream,\" \"A Thousand Pieces,\" \"Someone Else,\" \"Mellow Island,\" \"The Coast,\" \"Mirror Image,\" \"Beautiful Entropy,\" \"Northern Journey,\" \"Midnight Movements,\" \"Coming Home,\" Universal Production Music.Complete transcript available. || GPM_10th_prores.mov (1920x1080) [8.7 GB] || GPM10_thumb.png (1280x720) [1.5 MB] || GPM10_thumb_print.jpg (1024x576) [288.3 KB] || GPM10_thumb_searchweb.png (320x180) [106.6 KB] || GPM10_thumb_thm.png (80x40) [8.1 KB] || GPM_10th_YT.webm (1920x1080) [81.3 MB] || GPM_10th.en_US.srt [12.1 KB] || GPM_10th.en_US.vtt [11.5 KB] || GPM_10th_YT.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.0 GB] || ", "release_date": "2024-07-31T00:00:00-04:00", "update_date": "2024-10-07T12:15:47.506870-04:00", "main_image": { "id": 1095139, "url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a014600/a014617/GPM10_thumb.png", "filename": "GPM10_thumb.png", "media_type": "Image", "alt_text": "Music: \"One Last Go,\" \"Building Expectations,\" \"Our Dream,\" \"A Thousand Pieces,\" \"Someone Else,\" \"Mellow Island,\" \"The Coast,\" \"Mirror Image,\" \"Beautiful Entropy,\" \"Northern Journey,\" \"Midnight Movements,\" \"Coming Home,\" Universal Production Music.Complete transcript available.", "width": 1280, "height": 720, "pixels": 921600 } } ], "newer_versions": [], "older_versions": [], "alternate_versions": [] }