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"description": "This movie shows a complete revolution around a simulated black hole and its accretion disk following a path that is perpendicular to the disk. The black hole’s extreme gravitational field redirects and distorts light coming from different parts of the disk, but exactly what we see depends on our viewing angle. The greatest distortion occurs when viewing the system nearly edgewise. As our viewpoint rotates around the black hole, we see different parts of the fast-moving gas in the accretion disk moving directly toward us. Due to a phenomenon called \"relativistic Doppler beaming,\" gas in the disk that's moving toward us makes that side of the disk appear brighter, the opposite side darker. This effect disappears when we're directly above or below the disk because, from that angle, none of the gas is moving directly toward us.When our viewpoint passes beneath the disk, it looks like the gas is moving in the opposite direction. This is no different that viewing a clock from behind, which would make it look like the hands are moving counter-clockwise.CORRECTION: In earlier versions of the 360-degree movies on this page, these important effects were not apparent. This was due to a minor mistake in orienting the camera relative to the disk. The fact that it was not initially discovered by the NASA scientist who made the movie reflects just how bizarre and counter-intuitive black holes can be! Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_print.jpg (1024x1024) [33.2 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_searchweb.png (320x180) [17.0 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_thm.png (80x40) [1.9 KB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_1080.mp4 (1080x1080) [19.0 MB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_1080.webm (1080x1080) [2.8 MB] || 360 (3840x3840) [0 Item(s)] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k.mp4 (3840x3840) [119.2 MB] || BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.mov (3840x3840) [1020.1 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2019-09-25T13:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2024-08-14T22:44:35.426607-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 392576,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013300/a013326/BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_print.jpg",
"filename": "BH_Accretion_Disk_Sim_360_4k_Prores.00001_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This movie shows a complete revolution around a simulated black hole and its accretion disk following a path that is perpendicular to the disk. The black hole’s extreme gravitational field redirects and distorts light coming from different parts of the disk, but exactly what we see depends on our viewing angle. The greatest distortion occurs when viewing the system nearly edgewise. As our viewpoint rotates around the black hole, we see different parts of the fast-moving gas in the accretion disk moving directly toward us. Due to a phenomenon called \"relativistic Doppler beaming,\" gas in the disk that's moving toward us makes that side of the disk appear brighter, the opposite side darker. This effect disappears when we're directly above or below the disk because, from that angle, none of the gas is moving directly toward us.When our viewpoint passes beneath the disk, it looks like the gas is moving in the opposite direction. This is no different that viewing a clock from behind, which would make it look like the hands are moving counter-clockwise.CORRECTION: In earlier versions of the 360-degree movies on this page, these important effects were not apparent. This was due to a minor mistake in orienting the camera relative to the disk. The fact that it was not initially discovered by the NASA scientist who made the movie reflects just how bizarre and counter-intuitive black holes can be! Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman",
"width": 1024,
"height": 1024,
"pixels": 1048576
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}
},
{
"id": 412445,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 10662,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10662/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Webb Science Simulations: Planetary Systems and Origins of Life",
"description": "Supercomputer simulations of planeratry evolution. Part 1: Turbulent Molecular Cloud Nebula with Protostellar ObjectsThe Advanced Visualization Laboratory (AVL) at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) collaborated with NASA and Drs. Alexei Kritsuk and Michael Norman to visualize a computational data set of a turbulent molecular cloud nebula forming protostellar objects and accretion disks approximately 100 AU in diameter, on the order of the size of our solar system. AVL used its Amore software to interpolate and render the Adaptive Mesh Refinement (AMR) simulation generated from ENZO code for cosmology and astrophysics. The AMR simulation was developed by Drs. Kritsuk and Norman at the Laboratory for Computational Astrophysics. The AMR simulation generated more than 2 terabytes of data and follows star formation processes in a self-gravitating turbulent molecular cloud with a dynamic range of half-a-million in linear scale, resolving both the large-scale filamentary structure of the molecular cloud (~5 parsec) and accretion disks around emerging young protostellar objects (down to 2 AU). Part 2: Protoplanetary Disk and Planet FormationThe Advanced Visualization Laboratory (AVL) at the National Center for Supercomputing Applications (NCSA) collaborated with NASA and Dr. Aaron Boley to visualize the 16,000 year evolution of a young, isolated protoplanetary disk which surrounds a newly-formed protostar. The disk forms spiral arms and a dense clump as a result of gravitational collapse. Dr. Aaron Boley developed this computational model to investigate the response of young disks to mass accretion from their surrounding envelopes, including the direct formation of planets and brown dwarfs through gravitational instability. The main formation mechanism for gas giant planets has been debated within the scientific community for over a decade. One of these theories is 'direct formation through gravitational instability.' If the self-gravity of the gas overwhelms the disk's thermal pressure and the stabilizing effect of differential rotation, the gas closest to the protostar rotates faster than gas farther away. In this scenario, regions of the gaseous disk collapse and form a planet directly. The study, presented in Boley (2009), explores whether mass accretion in the outer regions of disks can lead to such disk fragmentation. The simulations show that clumps can form in situ at large disk radii. If the clumps survive, they can become gas giants on wide orbits, e.g., Fomalhaut b, or even more massive objects called brown dwarfs. Whether a disk forms planets at large radii and, if so, the number of planets that form, depend on how much of the envelope mass is distributed at large distances from the protostar. The results of the simulations suggest that there are two modes of gas giant planet formation. The first mode occurs early in the disk's lifetime, at large radii, and through the disk instability mechanism. After the main accretion phase is over, gas giants can form in the inner disk, over a period of a million years, through the core accretion mechanism, which researchers are addressing in other studies.Thanks to R. H. Durisen, L. Mayer, and G. Lake for comments and discussions relating to this research. This study was supported in part by the University of Zurich, Institute for Theoretical Physics, and by a Swiss Federal Grant. Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center.AVL at NCSA, University of Illinois. || ",
"release_date": "2021-04-14T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-06T01:14:37.497133-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 378967,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010600/a010662/Nebula_Tour_1.00002_print.jpg",
"filename": "Nebula_Tour_1.00002_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "JWST Science Simulations: Nebula Tour 1.This visualization shows a tour of a turbulent molecular cloud forming multiple protoplanetary disks. Credits: NCSA, NASA, A. Kritsuk, M. Norman",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
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}
},
{
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"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 11722,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11722/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Supercomputer Simulations of Eta Carinae",
"description": "Density simulation. This movie shows a wide view of the system looking down on the orbital plane of the two stars, which are located at the center. The view spans 3,200 times the average distance between Earth and the sun, or 298 billion miles (478 billion kilometers). Lighter colors indicate greater densities, with the highest densities occurring near the primary and in the wind interaction region. The faster wind of the smaller star carves a spiral cavity into the dense wind of the primary star, and this structure expands outward with the primary wind at about 1 million mph (1.6 million km/h. || R100_density_xy_axes_and_colorbar_print.jpg (1024x1024) [84.9 KB] || R100_density_xy_axes_and_colorbar.png (4096x4096) [2.8 MB] || R100_density_xy_axes_and_colorbar_web.jpg (320x320) [17.8 KB] || Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_H264_Good_1024x1024_searchweb.png (320x180) [57.8 KB] || Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_H264_Good_1024x1024.mov (1024x1024) [3.8 MB] || Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_H264_Good_1024x1024.webm (1024x1024) [2.4 MB] || Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_4k.mov (4096x4096) [876.4 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2015-01-07T13:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-06-23T00:17:00.804454-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 447873,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011700/a011722/Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_H264_Good_1024x1024_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Eta_Car_R100_Density_XY_H264_Good_1024x1024_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Density simulation. This movie shows a wide view of the system looking down on the orbital plane of the two stars, which are located at the center. The view spans 3,200 times the average distance between Earth and the sun, or 298 billion miles (478 billion kilometers). Lighter colors indicate greater densities, with the highest densities occurring near the primary and in the wind interaction region. The faster wind of the smaller star carves a spiral cavity into the dense wind of the primary star, and this structure expands outward with the primary wind at about 1 million mph (1.6 million km/h.",
"width": 320,
"height": 180,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412447,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13831,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13831/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "NASA Visualization Probes the Doubly Warped World of Binary Black Holes",
"description": "Explore how the extreme gravity of two orbiting supermassive black holes distorts our view. In this visualization, disks of bright, hot, churning gas encircle both black holes, shown in red and blue to better track the light source. The red disk orbits the larger black hole, which weighs 200 million times the mass of our Sun, while its smaller blue companion weighs half as much. Zooming into each black hole reveals multiple, increasingly warped images of its partner. Watch to learn more. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman and Brian P. PowellMusic: \"Gravitational Field\" from Orbit. Written and produced by Lars Leonhard.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still.jpg (3840x2160) [726.7 KB] || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [18.9 KB] || Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_thm.png (80x40) [2.5 KB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_1080.webm (1920x1080) [23.8 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [234.7 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k.mp4 (3840x2160) [348.3 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k_Best.mp4 (3840x2160) [936.6 MB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_ProRes_3840x2160_30.mov (3840x2160) [4.1 GB] || 13831_BlackHoleBinary_Simulation_4k_Best.mp4.hwshow [137 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2021-04-15T13:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-06-06T05:28:16.115955-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 379138,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013800/a013831/Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_searchweb.png",
"filename": "Supermassive_BlackHole_Binary_Still_searchweb.png",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Explore how the extreme gravity of two orbiting supermassive black holes distorts our view. In this visualization, disks of bright, hot, churning gas encircle both black holes, shown in red and blue to better track the light source. The red disk orbits the larger black hole, which weighs 200 million times the mass of our Sun, while its smaller blue companion weighs half as much. Zooming into each black hole reveals multiple, increasingly warped images of its partner. Watch to learn more. Credit: NASA’s Goddard Space Flight Center/Jeremy Schnittman and Brian P. PowellMusic: \"Gravitational Field\" from Orbit. Written and produced by Lars Leonhard.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 320,
"height": 180,
"pixels": 57600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412448,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 10136,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/10136/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Sloan Digital Sky Survey",
"description": "This visualization presents a 3-D view of the largest structures in the Universe via data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey. The SDSS is the most ambitious astronomical survey ever undertaken. It provides a 3-dimensional map of about a million galaxies and quasars. As the survey progresses, the data are released to the scientific community and the general public in annual increments. || ",
"release_date": "2007-07-03T00:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:55:39.637934-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 508215,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a010100/a010136/Journey3_1600.jpg",
"filename": "Journey3_1600.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This visualization presents a 3-D view of the largest structures in the universe. It begins with data from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey and zooms out to reveal data from WMAP. ",
"width": 1280,
"height": 720,
"pixels": 921600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412449,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 11530,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/11530/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Neutron Stars Rip Each Other Apart to Form Black Hole",
"description": "This supercomputer simulation shows one of the most violent events in the universe: a pair of neutron stars colliding, merging and forming a black hole. A neutron star is the compressed core left behind when a star born with between eight and 30 times the sun's mass explodes as a supernova. Neutron stars pack about 1.5 times the mass of the sun — equivalent to about half a million Earths — into a ball just 12 miles (20 km) across. As the simulation begins, we view an unequally matched pair of neutron stars weighing 1.4 and 1.7 solar masses. They are separated by only about 11 miles, slightly less distance than their own diameters. Redder colors show regions of progressively lower density. As the stars spiral toward each other, intense tides begin to deform them, possibly cracking their crusts. Neutron stars possess incredible density, but their surfaces are comparatively thin, with densities about a million times greater than gold. Their interiors crush matter to a much greater degree densities rise by 100 million times in their centers. To begin to imagine such mind-boggling densities, consider that a cubic centimeter of neutron star matter outweighs Mount Everest. By 7 milliseconds, tidal forces overwhelm and shatter the lesser star. Its superdense contents erupt into the system and curl a spiral arm of incredibly hot material. At 13 milliseconds, the more massive star has accumulated too much mass to support it against gravity and collapses, and a new black hole is born. The black hole's event horizon — its point of no return — is shown by the gray sphere. While most of the matter from both neutron stars will fall into the black hole, some of the less dense, faster moving matter manages to orbit around it, quickly forming a large and rapidly rotating torus. This torus extends for about 124 miles (200 km) and contains the equivalent of 1/5th the mass of our sun. The entire simulation covers only 20 milliseconds.Scientists think neutron star mergers like this produce short gamma-ray bursts (GRBs). Short GRBs last less than two seconds yet unleash as much energy as all the stars in our galaxy produce over one year. The rapidly fading afterglow of these explosions presents a challenge to astronomers. A key element in understanding GRBs is getting instruments on large ground-based telescopes to capture afterglows as soon as possible after the burst. The rapid notification and accurate positions provided by NASA's Swift mission creates a vibrant synergy with ground-based observatories that has led to dramatically improved understanding of GRBs, especially for short bursts. || ",
"release_date": "2014-05-13T10:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2024-08-14T22:44:52.133586-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 455853,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a011500/a011530/NS_Merger_Frame_200_1080.jpg",
"filename": "NS_Merger_Frame_200_1080.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Edited video with music of the 4k neutron star merger simulation.Credit: NASA/AEI/ZIB/M. Koppitz and L. RezzollaMusic: \"Approaching Eclipse\" from stock music site Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.For complete transcript, click here.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412450,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12005,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12005/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Massive Black Hole Shreds Passing Star",
"description": "A star approaching too close to a massive black hole is torn apart by tidal forces, as shown in this artist's rendering. Filaments containing much of the star's mass fall toward the black hole. Eventually these gaseous filaments merge into a smooth, hot disk glowing brightly in X-rays. As the disk forms, its central region heats up tremendously, which drives a flow of material, called a wind, away from the disk. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/CI LabWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.For complete transcript, click here. || Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [172.7 KB] || Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still.jpg (1920x1080) [606.7 KB] || Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still_web.png (320x180) [98.5 KB] || Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still_thm.png (80x40) [6.8 KB] || Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [98.4 KB] || APPLE_TV_12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [37.5 MB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_MPEG4_1920X1080_2997.mp4 (1920x1080) [40.5 MB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_MPEG4_1920X1080_2997.webm (1920x1080) [7.7 MB] || WMV_12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_HD.wmv (1920x1080) [49.6 MB] || APPLE_TV_12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [37.4 MB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [261 bytes] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_lowres.mp4 (480x272) [10.6 MB] || NASA_PODCAST_12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_ipod_sm.mp4 (320x240) [12.3 MB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [248 bytes] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_ProRes_1920x1080_5994.mov (1920x1080) [2.1 GB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_H264_Good_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [301.2 MB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_FINAL_youtube_hq.mov (1920x1080) [1.3 GB] || 12005_Swift_Tidal_Music_H264_Best_1920x1080_5994.mov (1920x1080) [2.5 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2015-10-21T13:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:12.574389-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 439527,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012000/a012005/Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still.jpg",
"filename": "Swift_Tidal_Disruption_2_Still.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A star approaching too close to a massive black hole is torn apart by tidal forces, as shown in this artist's rendering. Filaments containing much of the star's mass fall toward the black hole. Eventually these gaseous filaments merge into a smooth, hot disk glowing brightly in X-rays. As the disk forms, its central region heats up tremendously, which drives a flow of material, called a wind, away from the disk. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/CI LabWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.For complete transcript, click here.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412451,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12587,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12587/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Gigantic Wave Discovered in Perseus Galaxy Cluster",
"description": "A wave spanning 200,000 light-years is rolling through the Perseus galaxy cluster, according to observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory coupled with a computer simulation. The simulation shows the gravitational disturbance resulting from the distant flyby of a galaxy cluster about a tenth the mass of the Perseus cluster. The event causes cooler gas at the heart of the Perseus cluster to form a vast expanding spiral, which ultimately forms giant waves lasting hundreds of millions of years at its periphery. Merger events like this are thought to occur as often as every three to four billion years in clusters like Perseus.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"The Undiscovered\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_print.jpg (1024x575) [47.6 KB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame.png (7342x4129) [4.0 MB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_thm.png (80x40) [3.3 KB] || Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_searchweb.png (320x180) [39.3 KB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_appletv_subtitles.m4v (1280x720) [85.7 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.webm (1920x1080) [18.2 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_appletv.m4v (1280x720) [85.6 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.m4v (1920x1080) [160.3 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_1080.mov (1920x1080) [241.7 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_SRT_Caption.en_US.vtt [1.7 KB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_SRT_Caption.en_US.srt [1.7 KB] || WMV_12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_HD.wmv (3840x2160) [154.8 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind.mp4 (3840x2160) [306.3 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_Good_4k.mov (3840x2160) [468.4 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_4K.m4v (3840x2160) [792.0 MB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_FINAL_VX-281959_youtube_hq.mov (3840x2160) [1.2 GB] || 12587_Perseus_Wind_ProRes_3840x2160_2997.mov (3840x2160) [5.2 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2017-05-02T13:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-06-23T00:17:46.288145-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 414866,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012500/a012587/Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_print.jpg",
"filename": "Perseus_Simulation_Final_Frame_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "A wave spanning 200,000 light-years is rolling through the Perseus galaxy cluster, according to observations from NASA's Chandra X-ray Observatory coupled with a computer simulation. The simulation shows the gravitational disturbance resulting from the distant flyby of a galaxy cluster about a tenth the mass of the Perseus cluster. The event causes cooler gas at the heart of the Perseus cluster to form a vast expanding spiral, which ultimately forms giant waves lasting hundreds of millions of years at its periphery. Merger events like this are thought to occur as often as every three to four billion years in clusters like Perseus.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"The Undiscovered\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 575,
"pixels": 588800
}
}
},
{
"id": 412452,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12740,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12740/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Doomed Neutron Stars Create Blast of Light and Gravitational Waves",
"description": "This animation captures phenomena observed over the course of nine days following the neutron star merger known as GW170817, detected on Aug. 17, 2017. They include gravitational waves (pale arcs), a near-light-speed jet that produced gamma rays (magenta), expanding debris from a kilonova that produced ultraviolet (violet), optical and infrared (blue-white to red) emission, and, once the jet directed toward us expanded into our view from Earth, X-rays (blue). Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/CI LabMusic: \"Exploding Skies\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.png (1920x1080) [2.5 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.jpg (1920x1080) [167.3 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_print.jpg (1024x576) [50.4 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new.png (3840x2160) [7.7 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new.jpg (3840x2160) [1.0 MB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_thm.png (80x40) [4.4 KB] || Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_searchweb.png (320x180) [51.4 KB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_1080.m4v (1920x1080) [50.3 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_H264_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [96.9 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_Update_1080p.mov (1920x1080) [101.9 MB] || NS_Merger_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [417 bytes] || NS_Merger_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [399 bytes] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update.webm (3840x2160) [10.0 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.mp4 (3840x2160) [254.9 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.mov (3840x2160) [516.7 MB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_ProRes_3840x2160_5994.mov (3840x2160) [5.1 GB] || 12740_NS_Merger_4k_Update_H264.hwshow [90 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2017-10-16T10:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-06-23T00:17:47.900998-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 410279,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012700/a012740/Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.jpg",
"filename": "Neutron_Star_Merger_Still_2_new_1080.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This animation captures phenomena observed over the course of nine days following the neutron star merger known as GW170817, detected on Aug. 17, 2017. They include gravitational waves (pale arcs), a near-light-speed jet that produced gamma rays (magenta), expanding debris from a kilonova that produced ultraviolet (violet), optical and infrared (blue-white to red) emission, and, once the jet directed toward us expanded into our view from Earth, X-rays (blue). Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/CI LabMusic: \"Exploding Skies\" from Killer TracksWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
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"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 4183,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/4183/",
"page_type": "Visualization",
"title": "Capturing Dark Matter with Black Holes",
"description": "In this visualization, we plot the trajectories of random-distribution of hypothesized dark matter particles around a maximally-rotating black hole. The particles captured by the hole are seen collecting around the event horizon in the center, the particles experiencing stronger and stronger redshift, respresented by the stronger red coloration of the particle trail.The ergosphere is represented by the bluish oblate spheroid shape around the spherical event horizon. Inside the ergosphere, the distortion of space is so strong that particles must be deflected and carried with the rotation of the black hole. Hence, while the particles are traveling all different directions far from the black hole, we see them carried in the same direction close to the event horizon. || ",
"release_date": "2015-06-23T14:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:49:39.719953-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 453747,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a000000/a004100/a004183/BlackHoleParticlesOblique_inertial.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"filename": "BlackHoleParticlesOblique_inertial.HD1080i.0400_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Oblique view of dark matter particles collecting around the black hole. This provides a better view of some of the more complex trajectories near the spin axis.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
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"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 12807,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/12807/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Debris Disks Generate Spirals, Rings and Arcs in Simulations",
"description": "Astronomers thought patterns spotted in disks around young stars could be planetary signposts. But is there another explanation? A new simulation performed on NASA's Discover supercomputing cluster shows how the dust and gas in the disk could form those patterns no planets needed.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Hyperborea\" from Killer Tracks.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || 12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still_print.jpg (1024x576) [241.9 KB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still.jpg (3840x2160) [2.4 MB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still_thm.png (80x40) [4.5 KB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still_searchweb.png (320x180) [71.2 KB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.mov (1920x1080) [1.5 GB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_H264_1080p.mov (1920x1080) [263.9 MB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_H264_1080.m4v (1920x1080) [131.7 MB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_ProRes_1920x1080_2997.webm (1920x1080) [15.3 MB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [2.1 KB] || 12807_Disk_Simulation_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [2.0 KB] || ",
"release_date": "2018-01-11T14:10:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:47:03.231020-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 408279,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a012800/a012807/12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still_print.jpg",
"filename": "12807_Disk_Simulation_4k_still_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Astronomers thought patterns spotted in disks around young stars could be planetary signposts. But is there another explanation? A new simulation performed on NASA's Discover supercomputing cluster shows how the dust and gas in the disk could form those patterns no planets needed.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: \"Hyperborea\" from Killer Tracks.Watch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
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"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13086,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13086/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Supermassive Black Hole Binary Simulation Visualizations in 4k",
"description": "Simulation of the light emitted by a supermassive black hole binary system where the surrounding gas is optically thin (transparent). Viewed from 0 degrees inclination, or directly above the plane of the disk. The emitted light represents all wavelengths.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Scott Noble; simulation data, d'Ascoli et al. 2018 || image-000-_000150_print.jpg (1024x576) [33.9 KB] || image-000-_000150.png (3840x2160) [5.1 MB] || 0Degrees (3840x2160) [0 Item(s)] || SMBH_Sim_Thin0_4kFull.mp4 (3840x2160) [15.0 MB] || SMBH_Sim_Thin0_4kFull.webm (3840x2160) [2.2 MB] || SMBH_Sim_Thin0_4kFull.mov (3840x2160) [427.6 MB] || ",
"release_date": "2018-10-02T10:50:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:46:23.943583-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 399799,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013000/a013086/image-072-_000150_print.jpg",
"filename": "image-072-_000150_print.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Simulation of the light emitted by a supermassive black hole binary system where the surrounding gas is optically thin (transparent). Viewed from 72 degrees inclination, or partially angled above the plane of the disk. The emitted light represents all wavelengths.Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight Center/Scott Noble; simulation data, d'Ascoli et al. 2018",
"width": 1024,
"height": 576,
"pixels": 589824
}
}
},
{
"id": 412456,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13197,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13197/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "Gravitational Wave Simulations of Merging Black Holes: 1080 and 8k Resolutions",
"description": "This visualization shows gravitational waves emitted by two black holes (black spheres) of nearly equal mass as they spiral together and merge. Yellow structures near the black holes illustrate the strong curvature of space-time in the region. Orange ripples represent distortions of space-time caused by the rapidly orbiting masses. These distortions spread out and weaken, ultimately becoming gravitational waves (purple). The merger timescale depends on the masses of the black holes. For a system containing black holes with about 30 times the sun’s mass, similar to the one detected by LIGO in 2015, the orbital period at the start of the movie is just 65 milliseconds, with the black holes moving at about 15 percent the speed of light. Space-time distortions radiate away orbital energy and cause the binary to contract quickly. As the two black holes near each other, they merge into a single black hole that settles into its \"ringdown\" phase, where the final gravitational waves are emitted. For the 2015 LIGO detection, these events played out in little more than a quarter of a second. This simulation was performed on the Pleiades supercomputer at NASA's Ames Research Center. Fixed view.Credit: NASA/Bernard J. Kelly (Goddard and Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County), Chris Henze (Ames) and Tim Sandstrom (CSC Government Solutions LLC)Watch this video on the NASAgovVideo YouTube channel. || Merger_Fixed_Still.png (1920x1080) [1.2 MB] || Merger_Fixed_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [59.6 KB] || BH_merger_fixed_camera_close_H264_YouTube_720p.mp4 (1280x720) [65.5 MB] || BH_merger_fixed_camera_close_H264_YouTube_1080p.mp4 (1920x1080) [65.2 MB] || BH_merger_fixed_camera_close_H264_YouTube_720p.webm (1280x720) [3.9 MB] || BH_merger_fixed_camera_close_ProRes_1920x1080.mov (1920x1080) [1.1 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2020-02-11T09:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2023-05-03T13:45:12.888601-04:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 396083,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013100/a013197/img.001260_1080.jpg",
"filename": "img.001260_1080.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "This visualization shows gravitational waves emitted by two black holes (black spheres) of nearly equal mass as they spiral together and merge. Yellow structures near the black holes illustrate the strong curvature of space-time in the region. Orange ripples represent distortions of space-time caused by the rapidly orbiting masses. These distortions spread out and weaken, ultimately becoming gravitational waves (purple). The merger timescale depends on the masses of the black holes. For a system containing black holes with about 30 times the sun’s mass, similar to the one detected by LIGO in 2015, the orbital period at the start of the movie is just 65 milliseconds, with the black holes moving at about 15 percent the speed of light. Space-time distortions radiate away orbital energy and cause the binary to contract quickly. As the two black holes near each other, they merge into a single black hole that settles into its \"ringdown\" phase, where the final gravitational waves are emitted. For the 2015 LIGO detection, these events played out in little more than a quarter of a second. This simulation was performed on the Pleiades supercomputer at NASA's Ames Research Center. At maximum resolution this visualization is 8192x8192 pixels in size.Credit: NASA/Bernard J. Kelly (Goddard and Univ. of Maryland Baltimore County), Chris Henze (Ames) and Tim Sandstrom (CSC Government Solutions LLC)",
"width": 1080,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 1166400
}
}
},
{
"id": 412457,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13285,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13285/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "TESS's Southern Sky Panorama",
"description": "NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) spent a year imaging the southern sky in its search for worlds beyond our solar system. Dive into a mosaic of these images to see what TESS has found so far. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: “Phenomenon\" from Above and Below Written and produced by Lars LeonhardWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available. || Southern_Sky_Still.jpg (1920x1080) [892.0 KB] || Southern_Sky_Still_print.jpg (1024x576) [222.5 KB] || Southern_Sky_Still_searchweb.png (320x180) [66.5 KB] || Southern_Sky_Still_thm.png (80x40) [5.0 KB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_Small_720.webm (1280x720) [26.3 MB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_Small_720.mp4 (1280x720) [250.7 MB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [492.4 MB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_SRT_Captions.en_US.srt [4.3 KB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_SRT_Captions.en_US.vtt [4.3 KB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_Best_1080.mp4 (1920x1080) [1.2 GB] || 13285_TESS_SouthernSky_ProRes_1920x1080_30.mov (1920x1080) [3.5 GB] || tesss-southern-sky-panorama-movie.hwshow || 07a_tess_coverage.hwshow [190 bytes] || ",
"release_date": "2019-11-05T13:00:00-05:00",
"update_date": "2025-02-23T00:16:04.897632-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 393725,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013200/a013285/Southern_Sky_Still.jpg",
"filename": "Southern_Sky_Still.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) spent a year imaging the southern sky in its search for worlds beyond our solar system. Dive into a mosaic of these images to see what TESS has found so far. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterMusic: “Phenomenon\" from Above and Below Written and produced by Lars LeonhardWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Complete transcript available.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
},
{
"id": 412458,
"type": "details_page",
"extra_data": null,
"instance": {
"id": 13266,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/13266/",
"page_type": "Produced Video",
"title": "TESS Discovery Leads to Surprising Find of Promising World",
"description": "Tour the GJ 357 system, located 31 light-years away in the constellation Hydra. Astronomers confirming a planet candidate identified by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite subsequently found two additional worlds orbiting the star. The outermost planet, GJ 357 d, is especially intriguing to scientists because it receives as much energy from its star as Mars does from the Sun. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music: \"Golden Temple\" from Killer Tracks.Complete transcript available.See the bottom of the page for a version without on-screen text. || tess_gj357_english_thm.jpg (1920x1080) [798.7 KB] || tess_gj357_english_thm_print.jpg (1024x576) [291.4 KB] || tess_gj357_english_thm_searchweb.png (180x320) [79.3 KB] || tess_gj357_english_thm_web.png (320x180) [79.3 KB] || tess_gj357_english_thm_thm.png (80x40) [5.7 KB] || tess_gj357_english_HQ.webm (1920x1080) [15.6 MB] || tess_gj357_english_LQ.mp4 (1920x1080) [139.2 MB] || tess_gj357_english_HQ.mp4 (1920x1080) [259.3 MB] || tess_gj357_english.en_US.srt [2.4 KB] || tess_gj357_english.en_US.vtt [2.4 KB] || tess_gj357_english_prores.mov (1920x1080) [1.4 GB] || ",
"release_date": "2019-07-31T10:00:00-04:00",
"update_date": "2025-01-06T01:33:07.354345-05:00",
"main_image": {
"id": 394088,
"url": "https://svs.gsfc.nasa.gov/vis/a010000/a013200/a013266/tess_gj357_english_thm.jpg",
"filename": "tess_gj357_english_thm.jpg",
"media_type": "Image",
"alt_text": "Tour the GJ 357 system, located 31 light-years away in the constellation Hydra. Astronomers confirming a planet candidate identified by NASA’s Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite subsequently found two additional worlds orbiting the star. The outermost planet, GJ 357 d, is especially intriguing to scientists because it receives as much energy from its star as Mars does from the Sun. Credit: NASA's Goddard Space Flight CenterWatch this video on the NASA Goddard YouTube channel.Music: \"Golden Temple\" from Killer Tracks.Complete transcript available.See the bottom of the page for a version without on-screen text.",
"width": 1920,
"height": 1080,
"pixels": 2073600
}
}
}
],
"extra_data": {}
}
]
}